The following abbreviations have been used:
The Avalon Project/Lillian Goldman Law Library APLG
Bundesarchiv (Germany) Bun
Central Intelligence Agency Library/OOS CIAL
Imperial War Museum IWM
National Archives (USA) NA
The National Archives Kew (UK) TNA
1 David Ramsay, Blinker Hall Spymaster, p.18, ‘Physically, Hall was...’
2 Ibid, p.7, ‘Whilst the fleet...’
3 Donald McLachlan, Room 39, Naval Intelligence in action 1939–45, pp.17–18, ‘To no one...’
4 Keith Jeffery, MI6, p.328, ‘The sixty-six year old...’
5 Ibid, p.327, ‘Keeping Afloat.’
6 Philip Vickers, Finding Thoroton, p.157, ‘Stafford goes on...’
7 Ibid, p.160 ‘There is an...’
8 Jan Morris, Spain, p.146, the cross is said to be visible from Madrid.
9 Giles Tremlett, Ghosts of Spain, p.34, ‘The Valle de los Caidos...’
1 Winston S. Churchill, The Second World War Volume Two Their Finest Hour, p.194 ‘In the closing …’
2 Patrick Beesly, Very Special Admiral, p.158 ‘He was by …’
3 John Pearson, The life of Ian Fleming, p.108 ‘As long as Paris …’
4 Naval Historical Museum, Unpublished papers of Admiral J. Godfrey.
5 Donald McLachlan, Room39 Naval Intelligence in Action 1939–1945, p.8 ‘If not the wisest …’
6 The Times, May 1917.
7 Robert Harling, Ian Fleming a Personal Memoir, p.317 ‘As I have noted …’
8 Fergus Fleming The Man with the Golden Typewriter, p.3 ‘To put the contents …
9 Lycett Andrew, Ian Fleming, p.10 ‘As Ian began …’
10 Pearson, p.27 ‘Perhaps it was …’
11 Pearson, p.29 ‘There was trouble …’
12 Ian Fleming, You Only Live Twice. p.200 ‘Obit The Times …’
13 Pearson, p.36 ‘we were all …’
14 Ibid, p.43 ‘During the first year …’
15 Ian Fleming, On Her Majesty’s Secret Service, p.162 ‘The ground shook …’
16 Pearson, p.55 ‘His Majesty’s …’
17 Ibid, p.58 ‘It was an uneasy …’
18 Lycett, p.57 ‘Ian’s itinerary took him …’
19 Ibid, p.59 ‘The caviar took its …’
20 Ibid, p.63 ‘Ian was deeply …’
21 Ben Macintyre, For Your Eyes Only Ian Fleming & James Bond, p.40 ‘Fleming’s distinctive …’
22 Pearson, p.77 ‘In fact …’
23 Lycett, p.97 ‘After five days …’
24 Beesly, p.99 ‘The appointment …’
25 Churchill Archive Cambridge, MCBE1/2 J.H.Godfrey p3
26 McLachlan, pp.17–18, ‘However, none of …’
27 David Ramsay, Blinker Hall Spymaster, p.46 ‘Hall’s other choice …’
28 Pearson, p.98 ‘A few days after …’
29 McLachlan, p.1 ‘To pay a call …’
30 Ibid, p.2 ‘For the man …’
31 Lycett, p.101 ‘So it was …’
32 McLachlan, p.8 ‘If not the …’
33 Ibid, p.9 ‘Fleming suffered not …’
34 Pearson, p.106 ‘This idea of …’
35 Ian Fleming, For Your Eyes Only (From a View to a Kill) ,pp. 32–33 ‘Now from the direction …’
36 Pearson, p.107 ‘A lot of …’
1 Geoffrey Cox, Countdown to War, p.186 ‘Paris had three weeks …’
2 IWM-No 7183 Private Papers Lieutenant-Commander A. F. Whinney, p.2.
3 Ibid, p.4.
4 Ibid, p.24.
5 Ibid, p.60.
6 Ibid, pp.18–19.
7 Auphan Rear Admiral Paul & Mordal Jacques, The French Navy in World War II, p.25.
8 IWM-No 23941 Private Papers Commander M. Mackenzie, p.5.
9 Ibid, p.9.
10 IWM Whinney papers, p.47.
11 Jeffery Keith, MI6 The History of the Secret Intelligence Service 1909–1949, pp.199–200 ‘From the mid-1920s …’
12 Daily Telegraph, Naval obituaries 10/6/2006.
13 IWM Whinney papers, p.69.
14 IWM Mackenzie papers, p.10.
15 IWM-No 8489 Private Papers Miss R. Andrew, p.1.
16 IWM Whinney papers, p.73.
17 Cox, Countdown, p.203 ‘The rest of the road …’
18 Pearson, p.109 ‘By the time …’
19 Beesly, p.159 ‘The terms of …’
20 IWM Whinney papers, p.77.
21 IWM Mackenzie papers, p.10.
22 IWM Whinney papers, p.81.
23 Lycett, p.116 ‘Having finally accomplished …’
24 IWM Andrew, p.3 & Sunday Times.
25 IWM Whinney papers, pp.90–91.
26 Lochery Neill, Lisbon, p.42 ‘By the middle of June …’
27 Ibid, p.43 ‘Initial estimates …’
28 Hoare Sir Samuel, Ambassador on Special Mission p18 ‘Once again my …’
29 Pearson, p.112 ‘It went on …’
30 IWM Mackenzie, pp.11–12, Whinney p111–113, Andrew, p.5.
31 Beesly, p.143, ‘A country which …’
32 Charles B. Burdick, Germany’s Military Strategy and Spain during World War II, p.9 ‘Between five and …’
33 Churchill, Finest, p.197 ‘The addition of the French …’
34 Ibid, p.195 ‘For the rest …’
35 TNA/Admiralty files 223/463
36 Major-General I. S. O Playfair, The Mediterranean and Middle East Vol I, p.136 ‘At times it seemed …’
37 Bullock, p.543 ‘Hitler waited another …’
38 Count Galeazzo Ciano, Ciano’s Diary 1937–1943, pp.368–369 ‘News of the British …’
1 Hoare, p.19 ‘Our anxieties were …’
2 Sybil & David Eccles, By Safe Hand, p.97 ‘The Embassy agreed …’
3 Ibid, p.101 ‘Sir Samuel and Lady …’
4 Hoare, p.19 ‘Worse still, it seemed …’
5 Ibid, p.19 ‘Flying over …’
6 Ibid, p.21 ‘As we drove …’
7 Ibid, p.22 ‘As the Embassy …’
8 Ibid, p.33 ‘To Lord Halifax …’
9 The Templewood Papers XIII ‘In effect your …’
10 Ibid, ‘I have really …’
11 TNA/ADM 223/490 Int Part II
12 Duff Hart-Davis, Man of War, p.11 ‘The tradition of …’
13 Ibid, p.17 ‘We arrived on board …’
14 Ibid, p.5 ‘Three days later …’
15 TNA/ADM 53/34644 54 The log of the Bacchante.
16 Nigel Steel & Peter Hart, Defeat at Gallipoli, pp. 184 185 ‘A far more serious …’
17 Hart-Davis, p.42 ‘The Triumph was struck …’
18 Ibid, p.46 ‘Death had become …’
19 Ibid, p.60 ‘Far from sounding …’
20 Ibid, p.53 ‘I hope you got …’
21 TNA/ADM 196/147
22 Hart-Davis, p.70 ‘In the autumn …’
23 Hillgarth Alan, The Princess and the Perjurer, pp 13–14
24 Hart-Davis, p.73 ‘Given his good looks …’
25 Ibid, p.79 ‘He was placed …’
26 TNA/ADM 196/147
27 Hart-Davis, pp. 77–78 ‘I, Alan Hugh …’ & The Times 3/9/1926.
28 Ibid, p.81 ‘Alan was no ordinary. …’
29 Ibid, p.80 ‘Whatever he did …’
30 Ibid, p.105 ‘Sacambaya is a poisonous …’
31 The Peruvian Times 15/1/2017.
32 Hugh Thomas, The Spanish Civil War, p.227 ‘So now there …’
33 TNA/Foreign Office 371/34147.
34 Jeffery, p.285 ‘SIS was less …’
35 TNA/FO 371/20537
36 Ibid, 371/20537
37 Ibid, 371/20551.
38 Stanley G. Payne, Franco & Hitler, pp. 32–34 ‘The Italian and …’
39 TNA/FO 371/24147.
40 Hart-Davis, p.166 ‘In April 1937 …’
41 TNA/FO 371/21391.
42 Hart-Davis, p.169 ‘Through his strong …’
43 Ibid, pp.178 179 ‘As usual, Alan …’
44 TNA/FO 371/24147.
45 Beesley, p.143 ‘A country which had …’
46 Churchill Arch Cam, GDFY/1’5.
47 Eccles, pp. 23–24 ‘You wouldn’t know …’
48 Alan Hillgarth, The role of NA, 2/4 ‘Disadvantages of …’
1 TNA/FO 371/245526
2 Ibid, 371/245526
3 Burns, p.70 ‘He was excellent …’
4 Thomas, p.238 ‘The rebel’s main victories …’
5 Burns, p.71 ‘The landscape …’
6 Laurie Lee, As I Walked out one Midsummer Morning, pp.87–88 ‘Where should I go …’
7 Tom Burns, Here in Spain’, pp.10–11 ‘Penetrating the Pyrenees …’
8 Burns, p.72 ‘A group of …’
9 Ibid, p.77 ‘He was happier …’
10 TNA/ADM 116/416 ‘Hillgarth is already …’
11 Philip Vickers, Finding Thoroton, p.141 ‘In Majorca he is …’
12 Ibid, p.151 ‘Most importantly March …’
13 Christopher Andrew, Secret Service, p.116 ‘Mason sometimes …’
14 Ramsay, p.142 ‘In January 1917 …’
15 Vickers, p.126 ‘The great success …’
16 Ibid, p.126 ‘The great success …’
17 Ibid, p.166 ‘Finally, I am delighted …’
18 Ibid, p.159 ‘It was Hillgarth’s …’
19 Ladislas Farago, The Game of Foxes, pp.512–513 ‘The cordial relations …’
20 David Kahn, Hitler’s Spies, p.230 ‘For the Kos faced …’
21 Walter Schellenberg, The Memoirs of Hitler’s Spymaster, p.133 ‘Madrid was …’
22 Hillgarth, The Rolke of NA, V Relations.
23 TNA/ADM 223/490
24 Jeffery, pp. 403–404 ‘In the spring of …’
25 TNA/ADM 223/490
26 Vickers, p.158 ‘March’s first contact …’
27 TNA/ADM 223/490 ‘It would be …’
28 Beesly, p.144 ‘The A1 Spanish …’
29 TNA/ADM 223/490 ‘This man is …’
30 Vickers, p.191 ‘We obtained a copy …’
31 Payne, p.56 ‘The activity …’
32 Ibid, p.57 ‘The re-supply operation …’
33 Hart-Davis, p.193 ‘He was to my …’
34 TNA/FO 371/24526
35 Churchill, Finest, p.36 ‘On Monday, May …’
36 Payne, pp.69–70 ‘British efforts did …’
37 Richard Wigg, Churchill and Spain, p.6 ‘Hillgarth settled the details …’
38 The Templewood Papers, XIII ‘When I arrived …’
39 Hoare, p.48 ‘The other subject …’
40 Sir Alexander Cadogan, Cadogan Diaries, p. 282 ‘I suppose they …’
41 TNA/Prime Minister’s Office Records, 4/21/2
42 Ibid.
43 Hart-Davis, p.203 ‘After flying to …’
44 Ibid, p.203 ‘One of the brightest …’
1 Michael Bloch, Operation Willi, p.43 ‘The Italians were …’
2 Lochery, p.61 ‘In fleeing the …’
3 Bloch, pp. 23 24 ‘That day the …’
4 TNA/FO 800/326
5 The Templewood Papers XIII/16/29, 27/6/1940.
6 TNA/FO 800/326
7 Bloch, pp.23–24 ‘That afternoon …’
8 The Templewood Papers, ‘A deep laid plot, p.12.
9 TNA/FO 800/326.
10 Ibid, 25/6/1940.
11 Bloch, p.58 ‘Having received …’
12 TNA/FO 800/326 ‘Hoare to FO 1/7/1940.
13 Bloch, p.64 ‘Zoppi’s report would …’
14 The Templewood Papers, Hoare to Churchill 5/7/1940.
15 Bloch. P.66 ‘At all events …’
16 Lochery, p.68 ‘Along the Lisbon …’
17 Eccles, p.107 ‘I saw Salazar …’
18 Ibid, p.105 ‘Lisbon at first …’
19 Lochery, p.9 ‘Of greatest significance …’
20 Bloch, p.74 ‘In the event …’
21 TNA/FO 371/24249.
22 Bloch, p.77 ‘Eventually the Duke …’
23 Ibid, pp.77–79 ‘Eventually the Duke …’
24 Eccles, pp131–132 ‘Dearest Angel …’
25 Ibid, pp. 139–140 ‘Your description …’
26 Schellenberg, p.129 ‘Here I tried …’
27 Ibid, p.129 ‘If the British …’
28 Ibid, p.130 ‘In the near …’
29 Ibid, p.131 ‘I went at once …’
30 Bundesarchiv R58/572 Schellenberg’s Log.
31 Schellenberg, p.136 ‘In the evening …’
32 Ibid, p.138 ‘Within six days …’
33 Bloch, p.82 ‘Throughout his stay …’
34 Ibid, pp.168–169 ‘On my return to Spain …’
35 Ibid, p.175 ‘Monckton on the …’
36 Bundesarchiv R58/572 Schellenberg’s log Monday 29 July.
37 Schellenberg, p.139 ‘Replies from Berlin …’
38 Ibid, p.142 ‘The next day …’
39 Burdick, p.41 ‘After his visit …’
40 Bloch, pp. 155–160 Interview with Angle Alcazar de Velasco.
1 Hart-Davis, pp.203–204 ‘Having returned …’ & TNA/ADM 233/490
2 Nobel Frankland & Christopher Dowling, Decisive Battles of the Twentieth Century, p.121 ‘The battle of Britain …’
3 Peter Fleming, Operation Sealion, p.15 ‘On 16 July …’
4 Burdick, p.12 ‘Hitler after …’
5 Payne, p.76 ‘Hitler had at last …’
6 Burdick, p.17 ‘Beyond the immediate …’
7 Ibid, pp.16–18 ‘One of the chief …’
8 Ibid, p.18 ‘On the following …’
9 Ciano, pp.367–368 ‘Mussolini has returned …’
10 Ibid, p.369 ‘I arrived in Berlin …’
11 Burdick p.21 ‘Subsequently, Keitel spoke …’
12 John H.Waller, The Unseen War in Europe, p.155 ‘On July 10 …’
13 Burdick, p.24 ‘They observed …’
14 Richard Bassett, Hitler’s Spy Chief, p.36 ‘Abshagen relates …’
15 Ibid, p.67 ‘On 1st April …’
16 Ibid, p.42 ‘As a fluent …’
17 Ibid, p.42 ‘As a fluent …’
18 Ibid, p51 ‘With the intuitive …’
19 Ramsay, p.139 ‘In both World Wars …’
20 Vickers, p.150 ‘In 1916 …’
21 Bassett, pp.55–57 ‘By March 1916 …’
22 Gannon Paul, Inside Room 40, p.125 ‘Back in the Admiralty …’
23 Ibid, p.126 ‘Another important factor …’
24 TNA/ADM 223/739
25 Vickers, pp.146 147 ‘In the context …’
26 Bassett, p.84 ‘On 3 October 1924 …’
27 Christer Jorgensen, Hitler’s Espionage Machine, p.25 ‘In January 1925 …’
28 Bassett, p.94 ‘Patzig proved …’
29 Mark Simmons, The Rebecca Code, p.27 ‘In January 1921 …’
30 Burdick, p.25 ‘Shortly after …’
31 Ibid, pp.25–27 ‘The next day …’
32 Ibid, p.25 ‘Shortly after …’
33 Farago, p.559 ‘The feverish action …’
34 Burdick, pp.27–28 ‘The fighting would …’
35 Ibid, p.29 ‘In the midst …’
36 Peter Fleming, p.243 ‘On 31 July …’
37 Ibid, p.244 ‘Ostensibly Raeder …’
38 Ibid, p.252 ‘On 7 August …’
39 Burdick, pp.31–32 ‘The next day …’
40 Peter Fleming, p.178 ‘We are divided …’
41 Ibid, p.179 ‘No one in …’
42 Christopher Andrew, The Defence of the Realm, the Authorised history of MI5, p.225 ‘Anna Wolkoff was …’
43 Farago, pp.202–207 ‘The secret war …’
44 Ian Colvin, Canaris Chief of Intelligence, p.32 ‘Canaris and his master …’
45 Ian Kershaw, Hitler: A Biography, p.520.
46 Bassett, p.185 ‘It has been said …’
47 Gerard Noel, Pius XII The Hound of Hitler, p.63 ‘In 1921 …’
48 Bassett, pp.188–189 ‘Was the Pope …’
49 Churchill, Finest, p.245 ‘Even while these …’
50 Colvin, p.118 ‘The intelligence evidently …’
51 Nicholas Rankin, Ian Fleming’s Commandos, p.106 ‘Ian Fleming felt …’
52 TNA/ADM 223/463
53 Nigel West, GCHQ, p.169 ‘Ismay’s intervention …’
54 Andrew, pp. 439–440 ‘While the Germans …’
55 West, p.118 ‘When Arthur Owens …’
56 Andrew, MI5, p.212 ‘In August 1939 …’
57 BUN/OKW/OTH 644/40 ‘Felix’.
58 Burdick, pp. 36–37 ‘Warlimont’s staff…’
59 APLG/Yale Library SGA No 4 Hitler and Serrano Suner.
60 Ibid, No 5 Franco and Hitler ‘I would like …’
61 Payne, p.83 ‘The second intervention …’
62 Ciano, p.385 ‘I had two conversations …’
63 Payne, p.85 ‘Though perhaps …’
64 Jeffery, p.402 ‘Once the Germans …’
65 Eccles, p.144 ‘Dearest Syb I write a note …’
66 Jeffery, p.403 ‘In the end …’
67 Macintyre, For your Eyes Only, pp. 170–171 ‘In some ways …’
1 Bullock, p.553 ‘Like most people …’
2 Ciano, p.387 ‘Rarely have I seen …’
3 Ibid, p.387 ‘These are my …’
4 Hoare, pp.66–67 ‘Perhaps it was …’
5 Ibid, p.50 ‘Over this small …’
6 Payne, p.72 ‘Beigbeder followed up …’
7 Bassett, p.198 ‘The SD then …’
8 Schellenberg, pp.259–260 ‘The first thing …’
9 Colvin, p.125 ‘The German infantry …’
10 Ibid, p.129 ‘Canaris, this fluent …’
11 Ibid, p.131 ‘Canaris was discreet …’
12 Ibid, p.128 ‘The Admiral asks …’
13 NA/US Department of state, No8 23/10/1940.
14 Bassett, p.199 ‘David Schmidt …’
15 Payne, p.91 ‘What was unusual …’
16 Bullock, pp.555–556 ‘The departure of the …’
17 NA/USDS, Documents on German Foreign Policy.
18 Payne, p.92 ‘The Protocol was …’
19 Bullock, p.555 ‘The departure of the …’
20 Payne, pp. 92–93 ‘Hendaye 23 October 1940 …’
21 Bullock, p.556 ‘Although he …’
22 Ibid, p.556 ‘By contrast, Hitler’s …’
23 Ciano, pp.390–391 ‘With General Pricolo …’
24 Christopher Hibbert, Benito Mussolini, p.166 ‘He had reason …’
25 Burdick, pp.69–70 ‘Hitler signed …’
26 TNA/PMOR, 3 405/1
27 Hoare, pp.98 99 ‘At the moment …’
28 TNA/FO 371/19131 25/11/39
29 Wigg, p.21 ‘The cries that …’
30 Churchill, Finest, p.420 ‘Former naval person …’
31 Wigg, pp.24–25 ‘After Serrano inveigling …’
32 Eccles, pp.206–207 ‘6 December 1940 …’
33 Wigg, p.26 ‘Chuchill had lunch …’
34 Ibid, p.22 ‘In reality, Hoare …’
35 Ciano, p.396 ’18 19 November 1940 …’
36 Payne, p.101 ‘At Berchtesgaden …’
37 Bundesarchiv/OKH No 676/40 20/11/40
38 Colvin, pp.130–131 ‘When Hitler got over …’
39 Burdick, p.104 ‘This time there …’
40 Ibid, pp.114–115 ‘These events clouded …’
41 Payne, p.113 ‘After seeing Mussolini …’
1 McLachlan, p.8 ‘If not the wisest …’
2 TNA/ADM 223/464, p.38
3 Ibid, p.39
4 Ibid, p.39
5 Eduardo Martinez Alonso, Adventures of a Doctor, p.70 ‘To teach us …’
6 Paul Preston, The Spanish Holocaust, p.508 ‘Franco’s rhetoric …’
7 Patricia Martinez de Vicente, The Enclave Embassy’, see also MI6 in Spain: A love story, Online article, see also Nicholas Coni, Surgeon who undertook Special Operations, Online article.
8 TNA/SOE HS 9/26/5
9 Ibid HS 9/61
10 Lycett, p.123 ‘As Delmar later wrote …’
11 Ibid, p.123 ‘Ian himself …’
12 Pearson, p.118 ‘It began in …’
13 Ibid, p.118 (the single page courier’s passport was sold at Sotherby’s in 2000 for £15,525.)
14 Maurice Harvey, Gibraltar, pp.140–141 ‘Gibraltar was fortunate …’
15 Ian Fleming, Dr No, pp.137–138 ‘Bond answered …’
16 TNA/ADM 223/490
17 Paul Bowles, Too Far From Home: The selected writings of Paul Bowles, p.314.
18 Warner Brothers, Casablanca, 1942.
19 Hoare, p.82 ‘As a result …’
20 TNA/ADM 223/490 29/4/41
21 TNA/ADM 223/490 17/4/41
22 McLachlan, p.227 ‘So Donovan was …’
23 Admiral Andrew Browne Cunningham, A Sailor’s Odyssey, p.306 ‘At about this …’
24 Alex Danchev, Establishing the Anglo-American Alliance, p.62 ‘Donovan came around …’
25 Danchev, p.62 ‘Quare had not …’
26 Hoare, p.110 ‘Colonel Donovan who …’
27 Ibid, p.110.
28 TNA/ADM 223/490
29 Danchev, p.62 ‘We dined with …’
30 TNA/ADM 223/480 3/4/41
31 TNA/PMOP 4/21/2
32 Hart-Davis, p.207 ‘Alan himself …’
33 TNA/ADM 223/490
34 TNA/SOE HS 6/962
35 Hillgarth, The role of a Naval Attache, 1946
36 Ibid, relations with SIS & SOE.
37 Jeffery, p.404 ‘What then happened …’
38 Ibid, p.405 ‘There was some …’
39 Ibid, pp.404–405 ‘But it was …’
40 Ibid, pp.406–407 ‘The second affair …’
41 Hart-Davis, p.221 ‘He claimed he …’
42 Wigg, p.14 and TNA/PMOR 421/2A 21/6/40
43 Kim Philby, My Silent War, p.39 ‘One day, Cowgill …’
44 TNA/ADM 223/490
45 Ibid.
46 Ibid, 7/4/41
47 Hart-Davis, p.220 ‘Deeply involved …’
48 TNA/ADM 223/490
49 Lycett, p.125 ‘Golden Eye proved …’
1 Harvey, p.98 ‘Although his north …’
2 Lawrence Durrell, Balthazar, p.213.
3 TNA/ADM 223/463, p.268
4 Ibid.
5 Nigel West, Historical Dictionary of Naval Intelligence, p.213
6 Royal Geographical Society, With Scott to the Pole, p.62
7 TNA/ADM 223/463, p.269 ‘On 25 January a meeting was held…. Cordeaux & Fleming as well as Harder & Levick, were present.’
8 Ian Fleming, For Your Eyes Only, pp.30–34 ‘It was the pigeons …’ (From a View to a Kill).
9 Neill Rush, Operation Tracer-Stay behind cave www.aboutourrock.com
10 TNA/ADM 223/463, p.268
11 Rush, Operation Tracer.
12 TNA/ADM 223/463, p.269
13 Ibid.
14 McLachlan, p.61 ‘For 18 months …’
15 Daily Telegraph, obituary 3/1/2011
16 Ibid.
17 TNA/ADM 223/463, p.270
18 Bundesarchiv/OKW No 55455/42 8/3/42
19 Burdick, p.130 ‘The naval authorities …’
20 TNA/ADM 223/463, p.270.
1 Hoare, p.58 ‘Beigbeder was then …’
2 Eccles, p.107 ‘I saw Salazar.’
3 Lochery, p.2 ‘During the years …’
4 Wigg, p.10 ‘Economics as a weapon …’
5 Eccles, p.180 ‘We are getting …’
6 Ibid, p.106 ‘It needed a …’
7 Ibid, p.111 ‘Salazar’s character …’
8 Idid, p. 110 113 ‘Selby and I …’
9 Wigg, p.10 ‘I did …’
10 Hoare, p.48 ‘The other subject …’
11 Wigg, p.122 ‘We are faced …’
12 Lochery, p.116 ‘An unregulated Wolfram …’
13 Ibid, p.117 ‘Salazar’s defense was …’
14 Eccles, pp.311–312 ‘We have had …’
15 Lochery, p.179 ‘In order to try …’
16 Hoare, p.257 ‘For the next …’
17 Payne, p.166 ‘The first part …’
18 Mark Simmons, Agent Cicero, p.102 ‘It was certainly …’
19 Simmons, The Rebecca Code, p.137 ‘There is no doubt …’
20 Simmons, Agent Cicero, p.62 ‘Having encountered counterfeiting …’
21 Ben Macintyre, Agent Zig Zag, pp.101 102.
22 Lochery, p.201 ‘The origins of …’
23 Pearson, p.24 ‘Ian Fleming was not …’
24 Ian Fleming, On Her Majesty’s … p.40 ‘The Union Corse …’
25 Ian Fleming, Octopussy, p.33 ‘With a last …’
26 Ibid, p.40 ‘They are German …’
27 Jeffery, pp.408–409 ‘The intelligence challenge …’
28 Ibid, p.409 ‘Some of SIS’s …’
29 Philby, pp.56–57 ‘With respect to …’
30 Lochery, p.151 ‘Kim Philby described …’
31 TNA/ADM 223/490
32 Lochery, p.126 ‘On May 20 …’
33 Ibid, pp.58–59 ‘Lourenco’s loyalty …’
34 Pearson, p.121 ‘The reality seems …’
35 Ian Fleming, Casino Royale, p.1.
36 Ibid.
37 IWM-No 17063 Private Papers Lieutenant-Commander J. A. C. Hugill.
38 Ibid.
39 Macintyre, For your eyes …’ pp.54–55 ‘In May 1941 …’
40 Eccles, p.303 ‘He came straight. …’
41 Lycett, pp.131–132 ‘On 18 July …’
42 TNA/ADM 223/490 17/4/41 Greenleaves report.
43 Ibid.
44 Ibid.
45 Ibid.
46 Ibid.
47 Ibid 19/8/41
48 Jack Beevor, Recollections and Reflections, p.31.
49 TNA/SOE HS/6/978 Operation Panicle 19/5/41.
50 TNA/SOE HS/6/943
51 TNA/SOE HS/6/987 31/3/42.
52 Ibid.
53 Lochery, p.158 ‘On the morning …’
54 Ian Colvin, Flight 777 The Mystery of Leslie Howard, see chapter 19, Flight 777, for a fuller explanation.
55 Lochery, p.161 ‘On June 7 …’
1 Payne, pp.146–147 ‘The animus toward …’
2 Ibid, p.163 ‘Franco quickly …’
3 Hoare, pp.138–139 ‘As evidence …’
4 Payne, p.148 ‘The official …’
5 Ibid, pp.148–150 ‘On the first …’
6 Lycett. P.130 ‘In the wake …’
7 Patrick Dalzel-Job, From Arctic Snow to Dust of Normandy, p.115 ‘Our boss …’
8 Lycett, p.132 ‘Godfrey, however …’
9 Thomas, pp.140–141 ‘Francisco Franco …’
10 Hoare, p.47 ‘My first interview …’
11 Thomas, p.141 ‘Life at Toledo …’
12 Stanley G. Payne, Fascism in Spain 1923–1977, p.347.
13 Payne, Franco & Hitler, pp.150–152 ‘During January …’
14 Bundesarchiv OKW 44672/41 9/5/41.
15 Hoare, p.196 ‘I cannot claim …’
16 Burdick, pp.150–151 ‘As part of this …’
17 Ben Macintyre, Operation Mincemeat, p.26 ‘At thirty eight …’
18 Ewen Montagu, Beyond Top Secret Ultra, pp.90–91 ‘That great sailor …’
19 Ibid, p.91 ‘The question was …’
20 Philby, p.41 ‘The first step …’
21 Wigg, p.63 ‘In the spring …’
22 Montagu, p.91 ‘We were glad …’
23 Bundesarchiv OKW WF 55129/42 29/6/42
24 Payne, pp.176–177 ‘Franco was greatly …’
25 Hoare, pp.164–165 ‘On September 3rd …’
26 Payne, p.177 ‘The most important …’
27 Hoare, p.166 ‘An interesting sidelight …’
28 Payne, p. 178 ‘All the while …’
29 Bundesarchiv OKW 55896/42 26/9/42
30 Hoare, p.162 ‘When I arrived …’
1 Danchev, p.224 ‘Lunched with …’
2 Ibid, p.224 ‘Sunday 8 November 1942 …’
3 Winston Churchill, The Second World War, Vol III The Grand Alliance, p.509 ‘We must however …’
4 TNA/ADM 223/500 & Nicholas Rankin, Ian Fleming’s Commandos, p.136.
5 Lycett, p.152 ‘The run-up …’
6 TNA/ADM 223/500 & Lycett, p.141.
7 Major J. C. Beadle, The Light Blue Lanyard, p.20 ‘The South Saskatchewan Regiment …’
8 Montagu, pp.89–90 ‘Urgent instructions …’
9 Commander Marc Antonio Bragadin, The Italian Navy in World War II, pp.227 228 ‘On the other hand …’
10 Ibid, pp.282–285 ‘Even before the attempt …’
11 Ibid, pp.289–295 ‘In the spring of 1942 …’
12 McLachlan, pp.197–198 ‘None the less …’
13 Ian Fleming, Thunderball, p.143 ‘Same as you …’
14 Ibid, p.50 ‘The founder and …’ & p.70 ‘The aircraft was …’
15 Ian Fleming, Live, p.220 ‘Sixty yards to go …’
16 Pearson, p.128 ‘The training staff …’Lycett, p.149 & Rankin, p.223 cast some doubt on the story Pearson supports it …’
17 Ibid, p.129 ‘Altogether Fleming …’
18 Beesly, pp.229–230 ‘Find that …’
19 Ibid, pp.229–230 ‘Godfrey himself …’
20 Lycett, p.143 ‘On a personal …’
21 Ian Fleming, Live, p.83 ‘Pennsylvania station …’
22 Ivar Bryce, You Only Live Once, pp. 71–72 ‘Ivar I have …’
23 Beesly, p.240 ‘It might have …’
24 John Pearson papers interview with Joan Saunders 24/3/65 & Rankin, p.142.
25 Hart-Davis, p.210 ‘In the event …’
26 TNA/ADM 223/490 Golden Eye experience …’
27 Ibid, 25/4/41.
28 Ibid, 20/11/41.
29 Hoare, p.177 ‘It was essential …’
30 Payne, p.183 ‘Despite Anglo-American …’
31 Hoare, p.179 ‘Franco seemed to …’
32 Payne, p.184 ‘When Franco replied …’
33 Ibid, p.185 ‘The new strategic …’
34 Andre Brissaud, The Biography of Admiral Canaris, p.284 ‘Canaris is a fool …’
35 Waller, p.252 ‘Operation Torch …’
36 Simmons, Agent Cicero, p.132 ‘He awarded …’
37 Ibid, p.98 ‘Elliot handled …’
38 John Pearson papers, Interview with Dunstan Curtis 16/4/65 & Rankin, pp.152 153 & note p.359.
39 Mavis Batey, Dilly The man who broke Enigma, p.189 & David Nutting, Attain by Surprise, p.35.
40 Ian Fleming, From Russia with Love, p.109 ‘She had a …’
41 Ibid, p.192 ‘Bond reached up …’
42 Churchill, Grand Alliance, p.572 ‘I regard these …’
43 Anthony Cave Brown, ‘C’, p.437 ‘As Giraud came …’
44 Jeffery, pp.495–496 ‘Algeria was the …’
45 Cave Brown, pp.447–449 ‘By mid November …’
46 Ibid, p.449 ‘In what was …’
47 Ibid, p.451 ‘Whatever the …’
48 Ibid, pp.451–453 ‘Coon also admitted …’
49 Payne, p.183 ‘The most impressive …’
50 Bundesarchiv-OKW 552344/42 & Burdick, p.171.
51 Operation Backbone July42–May43 located at TNA/WO 106/2737 & TNA/FO 954/17A/45.
1 Bassett, p.133 ‘On the whole …’
2 Hoare, p.48 ‘As to the …’
3 Churchill, Finest, p.412 ‘His Majesty’s government …’
4 Bassett, p.129 ‘One of the reasons …’
5 Preston, p.471 ‘That Franco had …’
6 Ibid, p.521 ‘Despite the massive …’
7 Gabriel Jackson, The Spanish Republic and the Civil War 1931–1939, p.539.
8 Thomas, pp.926–927. He estimates 200,000 died in action or as a result of wounds. Including starvation and executions after the war this could have risen to 500,000, also 300,000 emigrated. Payne, in The Spanish Republic …’ p.245 puts the total during the war at 300,000.
9 Hoare p.276 ‘What particularly surprised …’
10 Waller, p.156 ‘Knowing that Franco …’
11 Colvin, p.128 ‘The Admiral asks …’
12 Waller, p.262 ‘Canaris in fact …’
13 Burdick, p.171 ‘The sudden …’
14 Waller, p.264 ‘Hitler’s reaction …’
15 Bassett, p.236 ‘The most important …’
16 Ibid, pp.235–236 ‘The assassination team …’
17 Ibid, p.237 ‘There is no evidence …’
18 Andrew, MI5, p.253 ‘Through the security service …’
19 Cave Brown, p.308 ‘Popov arrived in …’
20 Ibid, p.310 ‘On that solemn …’
21 Bassett, p.22 ‘Such vignettes suggest …’
22 Larry Loftus, Into the Lions Mouth, pp.283 284.
23 Philip Knightly, The Master Spy, p.106 ‘Away from Hess …’
24 Schellenberg, p.338 ‘After the coffin …’
25 Bassett, p.243 ‘As Trevor-Roper …’
26 Ibid, p.243 ‘According to …’
27 Hugh Trevor-Roper, The Philby Affair, pp.78–79 ‘Indicated wiliness …’
28 Bassett, p.255 ‘Algeciras was at …’
29 Ibid, p.250 ‘C’s personal assistant …’
30 Cave Brown, ‘C’, p.452 ‘This was perhaps …’
31 TNA/HW GCHQ 1/1659 Turkish Ambassador Tokyo to Turkish PM 2/5/1945.
32 Bassett, p.283 ‘In May 1944 …’
33 Colvin, p.158 ‘Algeciras was one …’
34 Ibid, p.163 ‘Canaris reckoned with …’
35 Schellenberg, pp.409–412 ‘The inevitable downfall …’
36 Ibid, p.409 ‘You know …’
37 Ibid, p.410 ‘I went to …’
38 Colvin, p.210 ‘By first light …’
39 CIAL/p.19 & Waller notes, p.413 & text, p.162.
1 Montagu Papers 13/9/1964 & Ben Macintyre, Operation Mincemeat, p.31
2 Macintyre, Mincemeat, p.31 ‘Before placing Montagu …’
3 Ewen Montagu, The Man Who Never Was, p.11 ‘It all really …’
4 Montagu, Ultra, p.144 ‘At several meetings …’
5 TNA/ADM 223/478
6 David Kahn, Hitler’s Spies, pp.453–454 ‘A Royal Navy postmaster …’
7 Ibid, p.454 ‘But their suspicions …’
8 TNA/ADM 223/794
9 Montagu, Ultra, pp.143–144 ‘Against that background …’
10 IWM 97/45/1 folder II2 & Macintyre, Operation Mincemeat, p.14
11 Montagu, Ultra, p.145 ‘Charles and I …’
12 Macintyre, Operation Mincemeat, p.77 ‘Bill would need …’
13 Montagu, The Man, pp.60–61 ‘I do think …’
14 Ibid, p.58 ‘Lloyds Bank …’
15 Ibid, p.58 ‘It had been …’
16 Ibid, p.58.
17 TNA/ADM 223/794, p.444 & Macintyre, Operation Mincemeat, p.103.
18 Montagu, The Man, pp.66–67 ‘We had gone …’
19 Ibid, p.75 ‘All went well …’
20 Ibid, p.78 ‘From Commanding officer …’
21 TNA/ADM 223/794
22 Ibid.
23 Montagu, The Man, pp.83–84 ‘On the 3rd May …’
24 Macintyre, Operation Mincemeat, p.243 ‘On 12 May …’
25 TNA/ADM 223/794
26 IWM 97/45 1.
27 Macintyre, Operation Mincemeat, p.306 ‘Bill Jewel often …’
1 Pearson, pp.149–150 ‘When Commander …’
2 Ibid, p.116 ‘For the most part …’
3 Nutting, p.47 ‘Curtis seemed rather …’
4 Ibid, p.80 ‘We found that …’
5 Pearson, p.137 ‘He was summoned …’
6 Lycett, pp.151–152 ‘The unreality …’ & Pearson p.137.
7 Harling, pp.83–84 ‘I left on the …’
8 Ian Fleming, From Russia with Love, pp.98–99 ‘That morning …’
9 Ian Fleming, On Her Majesty’s, pp.258259 ‘Ten minutes later …’
10 Nutting, p.160 ‘Although this formation …’
11 See Anthony Rogers book Churchill’s Folly
12 WO 32/11430
13 Nutting, p.59 ‘This ended …’
14 Ibid, p.59 ‘In any event …’ & p.160 ‘At a meeting …’
15 Ibid, p.165 ‘The unit had …’
16 Harling, p.55 ‘Pamela nodded …’
17 Nutting, p.180 ‘By now the …’
18 Harling, p.77 ‘Within an hour …’
19 Ibid, p.357 ‘Then came preparations …’
20 Nutting, p.204 ‘Shortly after this …’
21 Ian Fleming, Moonraker, p.109 ‘It was like being …’
22 Harling, pp.92–93 ‘Patton received his …’
23 Ibid, p.97 ‘In due course …’
24 Hart-Davis, p.257 ‘When he left Madrid …’
25 Lycett, p.155 ‘He had arrived …’
26 Nutting, p.249 ‘The first possible …’
27 Ibid, p.250 ‘Dr Walter a rather …’
28 Ibid, pp.244–252 ‘One of the most …’
29 Pearson, p.142 ‘All the same …’& Lycett, p.156.
30 Nutting, pp.259–260 ‘A special party …’
31 Ibid, pp.261–262 ‘The library contained …’
32 Harling, p.188 ‘In the course …’
33 Ibid, p.190 ‘The DNI has …’
34 Ibid, p.190 ‘And what happened …’
35 Lycett, p.159 ‘By the end of 1945 …’
36 Ibid, p.165 ‘Now Ian drew …’ & Matthew Parker, Goldeneye, pp.16, 17 & Pearson, p.146.
37 Bryce, p.50 ‘Extremely uncomfortable …’
38 Lycett, p.165 ‘In Jamaica Ian …’ & Parker, p.23.
39 Pearson, p.254 ‘Then in the …’
40 Harling, pp.109–110 ‘In this manner …’
41 Pearson, p.193 ‘She had first …’
42 Harling, p.128 ‘Her gift for …’
43 Parker, p.15 ‘Ann continued her …’
44 Bryce, p.84 ‘Violet Cummings …’
45 Pearson, p.195 ‘After this first …’
46 Parker, p.38 ‘This visit was …’& Mark Amory, The Letters of Ann Fleming, p.79.
47 Pearson, p.201 ‘He entered marriage …’
48 Parker, p.128 ‘On around 17 February …’ & Amory p.108.
49 Pearson, p.203 ‘James Bond was born …’
50 Lycett, pp.216–217 ‘In a diary fragment …’
51 Ibid, p.111 ‘The barges having …’
52 Harling, p.323 ‘Such claims were …’
53 Patrick Dalzel-Job, From Arctic Snow to Dust of Normandy, p.115 ‘One boss in …’
54 Lycett, p.128 ‘The event is …’
55 Pearson. P.129 ‘The trouble …’
56 Andrew Cook, Ace of Spies, p.10 ‘The idea of writing …’ He met Leonard Mosley who later wrote spy stories himself.
57 John Le Carre, Call for the Dead’. Foreword to the Lamplighter edition 1992 & Adam Sisman John le Carre the Biography, p.208.
58 Pearson, p.208 ‘This was what …’
59 Ian Fleming, The Man with the Golden Gun, p.10 ‘James Bond frowned …’
60 Ian Fleming, On Her Majesty’s …’ p.190 ‘These thoughts ran …’
61 Ian Fleming, For Your Eyes Only, p.60 ‘I knew the Havelocks …’
62 Pearson, pp.123–124 ‘To the young …’ & Fleming, Casino, p.134 ‘Well in the last …’
63 Franz von Papen, Franz von Papen Memoirs, pp.485–489 ‘Amid these minor …’
64 Ian Fleming, Casino, p.37 ‘When a ghastly …’
65 Ian Fleming, Thunderball, p.153 ‘The drinks came …’
66 Ian Fleming, Casino, p.11 ‘It does not …’
67 Ibid, p.181 ‘This is 007 …’
68 Duff Hart-Davis, Peter Fleming, p.329 ‘Once again …’
69 Pearson, p.216.
70 Fergus Fleming, p.23 Letter to Jonathan Cape 29/10/1952.
71 Sisman, p.233 ‘Leaman’s outburst …’
72 Ian Fleming, Casino, p.54 ‘A fine wine …’ & p.30 ‘Bond’s car was …’
73 Ibid, p.79 ‘Bond swallowed …’
74 Miller, p.89 ‘As Popov arrived …’
75 Pearson, p.215 ‘In his contact …’
76 Miller, p.252 ‘Until the publication …’
77 Beesly, pp.335–336 ‘I had been …’
78 Commonwealth War Graves Commission. Latin inscription from the Roman poet Horace strict translation; It is sweet and proper to die for the fatherland.