1 Stephen Lacey, Gardens of the National Trust (London: National Trust Enterprises Limited, 1996) p. 79.
2 John Keegan, The Price of Admiralty, The Evolution of Naval Warfare (New York: The Penguin Group, 1990) p. XV.
3 The New Encyclopaedia Britannica Micropoedia, Volume III, 1975, p. 659.
4 Robert K. Massie, Dreadnought-Britain Germany and the Coming of the Great War (New York: The Random House Publishing Group, 1991) pp. 479–80.
5 John W. Wheeler-Bennett, King George VI His Life and Reign (London: The Reprint Society, 1959) p. 38.
6 Dr. Jane Harrold and Dr. Richard Porter, Britannia Royal Naval College 1905–2005 A Century of Officer Training at Dartmouth (Dartmouth, England: Richard Webb, Publisher, 2005) p. 33.
7 Britannia Magazine, Summer 1909, p. 184.
8 Ibid
9 Britannia Magazine, Summer 1910, p.300.
10 Ibid
11 Letter from Dr. Jane E. Harrold to Douglas Hadler dated 25 July 2008.
12 Dr. Jane Harrold and Dr. Richard Porter, Britannia Royal Naval College 1905–2005 A Century of Officer Training at Dartmouth, cited supra, p. 144.
13 Robert K. Massie, Dreadnought-Britain Germany and the Coming of the Great War (New York: The Random House Publishing Group, 1991) p. 613.
14 Ibid, p. 748.
15 Ibid, pp.748–749.
16 Roy Jenkins, Churchill A Biography (New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2001) pp. 236–237.
17 John Keegan, The Price of Admiralty The Evolution of Naval Warfare (New York: The Penguin Group, 1990) p. 146.
18 ADM 196/56 Permanent Royal Navy Records of Captain John Catterall Leach, MVO DSO, the Public Record Office, Kew, Richmond, Surrey TW9 4DU.
19 Ibid
20 Ibid
21 John Keegan, The Price of Admiralty The Evolution of Naval Warfare, cited supra,p. 151.
22 Jane Marchand from her 1996 archaeological survey of Dartmoor for Dartmoor National Park Authority, Parke, Bovey Tracey, Newton Abbot, Devon TQ13 9JQ.
23 The Bovey Book, The story of a Devonshire town in words and pictures compiled by Veronica Kennedy (Bovey Tracey, Devon: The Bovey Tracey Heritage Trust, circa 2000) pp. 114–115.
24 Admiral of the Fleet Viscount Cunningham of Hyndhope, A Sailor’s Odyssey The Autobiography of Admiral of the Fleet Viscount Cunningham of Hyndhope K.T. G.C.B. O.M. D.S.O. (New York: E.P. Dutton & Company, Inc., 1951) p. 121.
25 Admiral of the Fleet Sir Henry Leach, Endure No Makeshifts Some Naval Recollections (London: Leo Cooper an imprint of Pen & Sword Books Ltd., 1993) p. 1.
26 Paul Johnson, A History of the Modern World from 1917 to the 1980s (London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1983) p. 188.
27 John W. Wheeler-Bennett, King George VI His Life and Reign (London: The Reprint Society, 1959) f.n. p. 217.
28 Taylor Darbyshire, The Royal Tour of the Duke and Duchess of York (London: Edward Arnold & Co., 1927) pp. 300 and 302.
29 Permanent service record of Captain John C. Leach MVO DSO, Naval Historical Branch, Ministry of Defence, 24 Store, PP20, Main Road HM Naval Base, Portsmouth, Hants PO1 3 LU. (Obtained by Captain Leach’s son, Admiral of the Fleet Sir Henry Leach, GCB, DL).
30 Ibid
31 Ibid
32 Ibid
33 Ibid
34 Admiral of the Fleet Viscount Cunningham of Hyndhope, A Sailor’s Odyssey The Autobiography of Admiral of the Fleet Viscount Cunningham of Hyndhope K.T. G.C.B. O.M. D.S.O. (New York: E.P. Dutton & Company Inc., 1950) p. 578.
35 Samuel Eliot Morison, The Rising Sun in the Pacific 1931–April 1942 (Boston: Little Brown and Company, 1948) p. 14.
36 Anthony Eden, Earl of Avon, Facing the Dictators (Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1962) p. 606.
37 The War Speeches of Winston S. Churchill Volume Three, compiled by Charles Eade (Norwalk, Connecticut: The Easton Press, 2001) p. 418.
38 The Neville Chamberlain Diary Letters Volume Four The Downing Street Years, 1934–1940, edited by Robert Self (Aldershot: Ashgate Publishing Limited, 2005) p. 296.
39 The Diaries of Sir Alexander Cadogan O.M. 1938–1945, edited by David Dilks (New York: G.P. Putnam’s Sons, 1972) p. 33.
40 Fleet Admiral William D. Leahy, I Was There (New York, London and Toronto: McGraw Hill Book Company, Inc., 1950) pp. 128–129.
41 Permanent service record of Captain John C. Leach MVO DSO, Naval Historical Branch, Ministry of Defence, 24 Store, PP20, Main Road HM Naval Base, Portsmouth, Hants PO1 3 LU. (Obtained by Captain Leach’s son, Admiral of the Fleet Sir Henry Leach, GCB, DL).
42 Admiral of the Fleet Viscount Cunningham of Hyndhope, A Sailor’s Odyssey The Autobiography of Admiral of the Fleet Viscount Cunningham of Hyndhope K.T. G.C.B. O.M. D.S.O. (New York: E.P. Dutton & Company, Inc., 1951) p. 199.
43 Winston S. Churchill, The Second World War Volume I The Gathering Storm (London: Cassell & Co. Ltd., 1948) pp. 125–126.
44 Ibid, p 553.
45 Ibid, p 554.
46 Stephen Roskill, Naval Policy Between the Wars II: The Period of Reluctant Rearmament 1930–1939 (St. James’s Place, London: William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd., 1976) p. 333.
47 Permanent service record of Captain John C. Leach MVO DSO, Naval Historical Branch, Ministry of Defence, 24 Store, PP20, Main Road HM Naval Base, Portsmouth, Hants PO1 3LU. (Obtained by Captain Leach’s son, Admiral of the Fleet Sir Henry Leach, GCB, DL).
48 V. E. Tarrant, King George V Class Battleships (London: Arms & Armor, a Cassell imprint, 1991) p. 35.
49 Ibid, p. 37.
50 Admiral of the Fleet Viscount Cunningham of Hyndhope KT GCB OM DSO, A Sailor’s Odyssey (New York: E.P. Dutton & Company, Inc., 1951) pp. 197–198.
51 Grand Admiral Raeder Supreme Commander of the German Navy 1928–1943, Struggle for the Sea (London: William Kember & Co. Limited, 1959) p. 124.
52 Ludovic Kennedy, Pursuit The Chase and Sinking of the Bismarck (New York: The Viking Press, Inc., 1974) pp. 19–20.
53 Paul Johnson, A History of the Modern World from 1917 to the 1980s (London: George Weidenfeld and Nicolson Ltd., 1983) p. 374.
54 Dan Van der Vat, The Atlantic Campaign World War II’s Great Struggle at Sea (New York: Harper & Row, Publishers, 1988) pp. 163–164.
55 Ibid, p. 160.
56 Grand Admiral Raeder, Struggle for the Sea, cited supra, p. 203.
57 The Oxford Companion to WW II, General Editor I.C.B. Dear, (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1995) p. 595.
58 Winston S. Churchill, The Second World War ** Their Finest Hour (London: Cassell & Co Ltd, 1949) p. 388.
59 Admiral of the Fleet Viscount Cunningham, A Sailor’s Odyssey, cited supra, pp. 258–262.
60 Ibid, p. 262.
61 Correlli Barnett, Engage the Enemy More Closely The Royal Navy in the Second World War (New York: W.W. Norton & Company, 1991) p. 221.
62 Ibid, p. 245.
63 The Oxford Companion to World War II, cited supra, p. 1291.
64 Ibid
65 H. P. Willmott The Great Crusade A New Complete History of the Second World War (New York: Maxwell Macmillan International, 1989) p. 164.
66 Gordon W. Prange, At Dawn We Slept The Untold Story of Pearl Harbor (New York: Penguin Books USA Inc., 1982) p. 11.
67 Ibid, p. 9.
68 Ibid, pp. 16–17.
69 Ibid, p. 17.
70 The Oxford Companion to World War II, cited supra, p. 624.
71 Ibid
72 Lord Moran, Churchill Taken from the Diaries of Lord Moran The Struggle for Survival 1940–1965 (Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1966) p. 6.
73 Duff Cooper, Viscount Norwich, Old Men Forget The Autobiography of Duff Cooper (London: Rupert Hart-Davis, 1955) p. 204.
74 Rt. Hon. Neville Chamberlain, M.P., In Search of Peace (New York: G.P. Putnam’s sons, 1939) p. 143.
75 The War Speeches of Winston S. Churchill Volume One, compiled by Charles Eade (Norwalk, Connecticut: The Easton Press, 2001) p. 106.
76 Winston S. Churchill, The Second World War Volume I The Gathering Storm (London: Cassell & Co. Ltd., 1948) p. 320.
77 Ibid, p 552.
78 V.E. Tarrant, King George V Class Battleships (London: Arms and Armor, a Cassell Imprint, 1991) p. 22.
79 Ibid, p. 35.
80 Ibid, pp. 42–43.
81 H.V. Morton, Atlantic Meeting (New York: Dodd, Meade & Company, 1943) p. 39.
82 V.E. Tarrant, King George V Class Battleships, cited supra., p. 43.
83 Ludovic Kennedy, Pursuit The Chase and Sinking of the Bismarck (New York: The Viking Press, 1974) p. 23.
84 Jane’s Fighting Ships, Founded in 1897 by Fred T. Jane (London: Sampson Low, Marston & Co. Ltd., 1940) p. 212.
85 Ludovic Kennedy, Pursuit, cited supra, p. 23.
86 Ibid, p. 29.
87 Ibid, p. 24.
88 Ibid, p. 38.
89 Ibid
90 Correlli Barnett, Engage The Enemy More Closely The Royal Navy in the Second World War (New York: W.W. Norton & Company, 1991) p. 292.
91 Ludovic Kennedy, Pursuit, cited supra, p. 43.
92 Captain Russell Grenfell RN, The Bismarck Episode (New York: The Macmillan Company, 1949) p. 42.
93 H.V. Morton, Atlantic Meeting (New York: Dodd, Meade & Company, 1943) pp. 73–74.
94 Captain Russell Grenfell RN, The Bismarck Episode, cited supra., p. 88.
95 Ibid
96 Ibid, p. 89.
97 Ludovic Kennedy, Pursuit, cited supra, p. 115.
98 Captain Russell Grenfell RN, The Bismarck Episode, cited supra, p.135.
99 Ibid
100 Correlli Barnett, Engage the Enemy More Closely, cited supra, p. 314.
101 Ludovic Kennedy, Pursuit, cited supra, p. 226.
102 Geoffrey Brooke, Alarm Starboard! A Remarkable True Story of the War at Sea (Barnsley, South Yorkshire: Pen & Sword Maritime, an imprint of Pen & Sword Books Ltd., 2004; first published in Great Britain in 1982 by Patrick Stephens) p. 73.
103 John W. Wheeler-Bennett, King George VI – His Life and Reign (London: The Reprint Society Ltd. 1959) pp. 293–4.
104 The Royal Archives, The Round Tower, Windsor Castle
105 Ibid
106 Geoffrey Brooke, Alarm Starboard! A Remarkable True Story of the War at Sea, cited supra, p. 76.
107 Martin Gilbert, Finest Hour Winston S. Churchill 1939–1941 (London: Heinemann-Minerva, an imprint of Octopus Publishing Group, 1989) p. 164.
108 John Colville, The Fringes of Power 10 Downing Street Diaries 1939–1955 (New York London: W.W. Norton & Company, 1985) p. 736.
109 Matthew B. Wills, Wartime Missions of Harry L. Hopkins (Bloomington, Indiana: Authorhouse, 2004) p. 35.
110 Winston S. Churchill, The Second World War Volume I The Gathering Storm (London: Cassell & Co. Ltd., 1948) p. 558.
111 H.V. Morton, Atlantic Meeting (New York: Dodd, Meade & Company, 1943) p. 15.
112 Ibid, p. 17.
113 Ibid
114 Ibid, p. 26.
115 Ibid, pp. 27–28.
116 Ibid, p. 42.
117 Winston S. Churchill, The Second World War Volume III The Grand Alliance (London: Cassell & Co. Ltd., 1950) p. 381.
118 H.V. Morton, Atlantic Meeting, cited supra, pp. 96–97.
119 Ibid, pp. 109–110.
120 Ibid, p. 187.
121 Ibid, pp. 188–189.
122 Winston S. Churchill, The Second World War Volume III The Grand Alliance, cited supra, P. 390.
123 H.V. Morton, Atlantic Meeting, cited supra, p. 147.
124 The Public Record Office, Kew, Richmond, Surrey TW9 4DU.
125 Patrick Boniface, HMS Cumberland A Classic British Cruiser in War and Peace (Penzance: Periscope Publishing Ltd., 2006) p. 45.
126 Admiral of the Fleet Viscount Cunningham of Hyndhope KT GCB OM DSO, A Sailor’s Odyssey (New York: E.P. Dutton & Company Inc., 1951) p. 466.
127 General of the Air Force H.H. Arnold, Global Mission (New York: Harper & Brothers, 1949) p. 251.
128 Ibid, p. 104.
129 Ibid, p. 105.
130 The Oxford Companion to World War II, General Editor I.C.B. Dear (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1995) p. 713.
131 Admiral of the Fleet Viscount Cunningham of Hyndhope K.T. G.C.B. O.M. D.S.O., A Sailor’s Odyssey (New York: E.P. Dutton & Company Inc., 1951) p. 410.
132 The World Almanac of World War II, Edited by Brigadier Peter Young (New York: World Almanac, an imprint of Pharos Books, 1981) pp. 121–122.
133 Geoffrey Brooke, Alarm Starboard! A Remarkable True Story of the War at Sea (Barnsley, South Yorkshire: Pen & Sword Maritime, an imprint of Pen & Sword Books Ltd., 2004; first published in Great Britain in 1982 by Patrick Stephens) p. 89.
134 Reference CHAR 2/421 The Sir Winston Churchill Archive Trust, Churchill College, Cambridge.
135 Arthur J. Marder, Old Friends, New Enemies The Royal Navy and The Imperial Japanese Navy Strategic Illusions, 1936–1941 (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1981) p. 68.
136 John Colville, The Fringes of Power 10 Downing Street Diaries 1939–1955 (New York London: W.W. Norton & Company, 1985) p. 134.
137 Ibid, p. 752.
138 General Lord Ismay, The Memoirs of General Lord Ismay (New York: The Viking Press, 1960) p. 240.
139 Copy of the original provided the author by Admiral of the Fleet Sir Henry Leach, GCB, DL.
140 Cecil Brown, Suez to Singapore (New York: Random House, 1942) p. 127.
141 Admiral of the Fleet Sir Henry Leach, Endure No Makeshifts Some Naval Recollections (London: Leo Cooper, 1993) p. 6.
142 Ibid, p. 5.
143 Cecil Brown, Suez to Singapore, cited supra, pp. 279–282.
144 Duff Cooper Viscount Norwich, Old Men Forget (London: Rupert Hart-Davis, 1955) p. 291.
145 Peter Elphick, Far Eastern File The Intelligence War in the Far East (London: Hodder and Stoughton Ltd., 1997) p. 324.
146 Admiral of the Fleet Sir Henry Leach, Endure No Makeshifts, cited supra, p. 7.
147 Ibid
148 Ibid
149 Ibid
150 Lionel Wigmore, The Japanese Thrust Australia in the War of 1939–1945 (Canberra Australian War Memorial, 1957) p. 82, f.n.
151 F.H. Hinsley, British Intelligence in the Second World War Volume One (London: Her Majesty’s Stationery Office, 1979) p. 53, f.n.
152 Ibid, pp IX-X.
153 The Oxford Companion to World War II, General Editor I.C.B. Dear (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1995) p. 346.
154 James Rusbridger and Eric Nave, Betrayal at Pearl Harbor (New York: Simon & Schuster, Inc., first Touchstone Edition, 1992) p. 138.
155 Ibid, p 5.
156 Ibid, p 10.
157 Ibid, p 12.
158 Ibid, p 173.
159 Correlli Barnett, Engage the Enemy More Closely The Royal Navy in the Second World War (New York: W.W. Norton & Company, 1991) p. 401.
160 James Rusbridger and Eric Nave, Betrayal at Pearl Harbor, cited supra, p. 77.
161 Ibid, p. 88.
162 Ibid, p. 137.
163 Ibid, p. 138.
164 Ibid
165 Ibid, p. 88.
166 Ian Pfennigwerth, A Man of Intelligence The Life of Captain Eric Nave Australian Codebreaker Extraordinary (New South Wales: Rosenberg Publishing Pty Ltd, 2006) p. 12.
167 Ibid, p. 137.
168 Ibid, p. 178.
169 Ibid, p. 273.
170 Ibid, pp. 273–74.
171 John Costello, Days of Infamy (New York: Pocket Books, a division of Simon & Schuster Inc., 1994) p. 421, s.n. 67.
172 Ibid, p. 421, s.n. 76.
173 Martin Middlebrook and Patrick Mahoney, Battleship The Loss of the Prince of Wales and Repulse (London: Allen Lane Penguin Books Ltd., 1977) pp. 83–84.
174 Cecil Brown, Suez to Singapore (New York: Random House Inc., 1942) pp. 219–20.
175 Ibid, pp. 269–70.
176 The Oxford Companion to World War II, cited supra, p. 418.
177 Samuel Eliot Morison, The Rising Sun in the Pacific 1931–April 1942 (Boston: Little Brown and Company, 1948) p. 168.
178 Correlli Barnett, Engage the Enemy More Closely The Royal Navy in the Second World War (New York London: W.W. Norton & Company, 1991) p. 410.
179 Admiral of the Fleet Sir Henry Leach, Endure No Makeshifts Some Naval Recollections (London: Leo Cooper, 1993) p. 8.
180 Cecil Brown, Suez to Singapore (New York: Random House, 1942) pp. 296–297.
181 Ibid, p. 297.
182 Ibid, p. 299.
183 Ibid, p. 305.
184 Ibid, p. 297.
185 Ibid, p. 310.
186 Arthur Nicholson, Hostage to Fortune Winston Churchill and the Loss of the Prince of Wales and Repulse (Thrupp-Stroud-Gloucestershire: Sutton Publishing Limited, 205) p. 217.
187 Cecil Brown, Suez to Singapore, cited supra, p. 312.
188 Ibid, p. 315.
189 Ibid, p. 317.
190 Routledge Who’s Who in World War II edited by John Keegan (London: Routledge, 1995) p. 178.
191 Arthur Nicholson, Hostage to Fortune, cited supra, p. 124.
192 Cecil Brown, Suez to Singapore, cited supra, p. 319.
193 Arthur Nicholson, Hostage to Fortune, cited supra, p. 220.
194 Cecil Brown, Suez to Singapore, cited supra, p. 321.
195 Ibid, p. 322.
196 Ibid, p. 324.
197 Ibid, p. 329.
198 Ibid, p. 300.
199 Ibid
200 Ibid, p. 335–336.
201 Admiral of the Fleet Sir Henry Leach, Endure No Makeshifts, cited supra, p. 10.
202 Ibid
203 Reporting World War II Part One American Journalism 1938–1944 (New York: Literary Classics of the United States Inc., 1995) p. 265.
204 John W. Wheeler-Bennett, King George VI His Life and Reign (London: the Reprint Society, 1959) p. 533.
205 Ibid
206 Ibid
207 Christopher Shores and Brian Cull with Yasuho Izawa, Bloody Shambles Volume One The Drift to War to the Fall of Singapore (London: Grub Street, 1992) p. 125.
208 A copy of the original was furnished to the author by Admiral of the Fleet Sir Henry Leach, GCB, DL.
209 Ibid
210 Ibid
211 Ibid
212 Margaret Thatcher, The Downing Street Years (London: Harper Collins, 1993) p. 179.
213 Memories of the Falklands, edited by Iain Dale (London: Politico’s Publishing, 2002) p. 47.