Reign of Error: The Hoax of the Privatization Movement and the Danger to America's Public Schools

National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), 4.1, 4.2, 5.1, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 7.1, 13.1, 28.1, 28.2, 28.3, 28.4, 30.1, 31.1, app.4, app.16

achievement gap and, 6.1, 6.2

long-term trend, 5.3, 5.2, 5.3

vouchers and

in Washington, D.C.

National Center on Performance Incentives

National Commission on Excellence in Education, 2.1, 4.1

National Digital Learning Day

National Education Association, 3.1, 30.1, nts.1n–6n

National Education Policy Center, 17.1, 17.2

National Governors Association and Archive

National Heritage Academies (NHA), 16.1, 16.2

National Labor Relations Board

National Research Council

National Scientific Council on the Developing Child

national security, 1.1, 4.1, 4.2, 7.1

National Urban League

National Youth Administration, 4.1, 30.1

Nation at Risk, A (1983 report), 2.1, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 7.1

NBC, 4.1, 18.1, 33.1

NC Alliance for Public Charter Schools

NCLB, see No Child Left Behind

Nebraska, 30.1, 31.1

Netherlands, 7.1, 9.1, 10.1, 10.2

Nevada, 8.1, 16.1, 32.1

Newark, N.J., 3.1, 10.1

New Deal

New Jersey, 3.1, 3.2, 10.1, 11.1, 13.1, 13.2, 15.1, 32.1

charter schools in

New Markets Tax Credit

New Media Technology Charter School

New Orleans, La., 14.1, 32.1

charters in, 14.1, 15.1, 16.1, 16.2

New Schools Venture Fund, 2.1, 18.1

News Corporation, 3.1, 3.2, 17.1, 17.2

Newsweek, 4.1, 11.1, 14.1

New Teacher Project

Newtown, Conn.

New York, N.Y., 15.1, 17.1, 25.1, 30.1, 30.2, 32.1

after-school programs in

charter schools in, 16.1, 16.2, 16.3, 16.4, 26.1, 30.1, 32.1

merit pay in

segregation and

seniority in

teacher evaluation in, 11.1, 11.2

New York (state), 2.1, 11.1, 31.1, 31.2, 32.1, 32.2

New York Charter Schools Association

New York City Education Department, 11.1, 12.1

New Yorker

New York Performance Standards Consortium

New York Post

New York Times, 7.1, 7.2, 11.1, 14.1, 14.2, 32.1, 32.2

charter schools and, 16.1, 16.2, 16.3

online schools and, 17.1, 17.2

New Zealand, 7.1, 7.2, 9.1, 10.1

Next Generation Charter Schools Act

Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals

Nixon, Richard M.

Noah Webster Academy

No Child Left Behind (NCLB), 1.1, 1.2, 2.1, 2.2, 3.1, 4.1, 5.1, 6.1, 7.1, 11.1, 12.1, 13.1, 13.2, 20.1, 20.2, 20.3, 21.1, 23.1, 24.1, 28.1, 28.2, 28.3, 28.4, 33.1, 33.2

achievement gap and, 6.1, 6.2

charter schools and, 16.1, 16.2, 16.3

entrepreneurial response to

federal role changed by, 30.1, 30.2

narrowing of curriculum and, 24.1, 24.2

parent trigger and

Race to the Top compared with, 2.1, 3.1, 11.1, 12.1

segregation and, 31.1, 31.2

noncognitive skills, 23.1, 23.2, 25.1, 28.1

non-English-speaking students, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 5.1, 14.1, 18.1, 20.1, 25.1, 32.1, 32.2, 33.1, 33.2

charter schools and, 16.1, 16.2, 16.3, 16.4, 26.1

teacher evaluation and, 11.1, 11.2, 11.3

North Carolina, 7.1, 7.2, 16.1

Norway, 7.1, 9.1, 10.1, 23.1

Nurse-Family Partnership, 23.1, 27.1

nurses, 1.1, 27.1, 27.2

nutrition, 4.1, 6.1, 10.1, 10.2, 14.1

Oakland, Calif., 16.1, 20.1

Obama, Barack (Obama administration), 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 11.1, 20.1, 30.1, 31.1, 33.1

charter schools and

college education and, 9.1, 9.2

failure of “reforms” of

Rhee and

on “Sputnik moment,”

State of the Union addresses of, 3.1, 11.1

on teachers vs. families, 11.1, 11.2

turnarounds and, 20.1, 20.2, 20.3

see also Race to the Top

Occupy Wall Street

OECD (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development), 7.1, 8.1, 9.1

Office of Education, U.S.

Office of School Improvement, 20.1, 20.2

Ohio, 11.1, 15.1, 15.2, 24.1

charter schools in, 16.1, 16.2, 17.1, 17.2, 17.3

online schools in, 17.1, 17.2, 17.3

vouchers in, 19.1, 19.2, 19.3

Ohio Distance and Electronic Learning Academy (OHDELA)

Ohio Education Department

Ohio Virtual Academy, 17.1, 17.2

Olson, Linda Steffel

online schools, 1.1, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 17.1, 32.1, nts.1n

charter, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 16.1, 17.1, 17.2, 17.3, 17.4, 17.5, 26.1, 26.2

costs of, 17.1, 17.2

for-profit, 14.1, 17.1, 17.2

investigations of, 17.1, 17.2

lack of social interaction in

Oregon, 17.1, 25.1, 32.1

Oregon Justice Department

Packard, Ron, 17.1, 17.2

Parent Empowerment Act

Parent Revolution, 3.1, 18.1, 18.2, 18.3, nts.1n

parents, 2.1, 3.1, 11.1, 13.1, 14.1, 20.1, 20.2, 21.1, 29.1, 33.1, 33.2

charters and, 16.1, 18.1, 18.2, 26.1, 26.2, 31.1, 32.1

Chinese

class size and, 25.1, 25.2

democratic control and, 30.1, 30.2, 30.3

educated, 10.1, 10.2, 23.1, 23.2, 24.1, 27.1, 31.1

homeschooling and

online schools and, 16.1, 17.1, 17.2, 17.3

poor and low-income, 4.1, 10.1, 10.2, 10.3, 31.1

Rhee and

school choice and, 3.1, 4.1, 4.2, 33.1

single, 10.1, 23.1

suburban

test scores and, 1.1, 4.1, 11.1

vouchers and, 19.1, 19.2, 19.3

Parents Across America (PAA), 18.1, 18.2

“parent trigger” idea, 3.1, 3.2, 18.1, 20.1

PBS, 15.1, 15.2, 16.1

PBS NewsHour (TV show)

Peace Corps, 14.1, 14.2

Pearson, 3.1, 16.1, 17.1, 17.2, 17.3

Peer Assistance and Review (PAR)

peer effects, 11.1, 31.1

peer review

Pennsylvania, 16.1, 16.2, 16.3, 16.4

K12 lobbying in

online schools in

Pennsylvania Cyber Charter School

Pennsylvania Education Department

performance assessment

Perry Elementary School

Perry Preschool Project

personalized instruction, 16.1, 17.1

Philadelphia, Pa., 15.1, 16.1, 16.2, 16.3

physical education, 1.1, 2.1, 4.1, 11.1, 12.1, 16.1, 28.1

in good education, 24.1, 24.2, 24.3

piece-rate compensation system, 12.1, 12.2

PIRLS (Progress in International Reading Literacy Study)

PISA (Program for International Student Assessment)

political campaigns and contributions, 3.1, 17.1, 17.2, 17.3, 32.1, 33.1, nts.1n

poverty, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 3.1, 3.2, 4.1, 4.2, 7.1, 7.2, 11.1, 13.1, 21.1, 31.1, 32.1

achievement gap and, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 10.1, 14.1, 14.2, 16.1, 23.1, 31.1

Catholic schools and

charter schools and, 16.1, 16.2, 16.3, 16.4, 17.1, 26.1

class size and, 25.1, 25.2, 27.1, 30.1

dropping out and

early childhood education and

federal school aid and, 30.1, 30.2

fixing schools vs. fixing, 10.1, 10.2, 14.1, 27.1

free or low-priced lunch and, 7.1, 20.1

international tests and

online schools and, 17.1, 17.2, 17.3

parent trigger and

“priority” schools and

TFA and, 14.1, 14.2, 14.3, 14.4, 14.5

turnaround and, 20.1, 20.2, 20.3

value-added assessments and

vouchers and

in Washington, D.C., 15.1, 15.2, 15.3, 15.4

wraparound services and

pregnancy, 1.1, 10.1, 10.2, 23.1, 27.1, 27.2

prekindergarten, 1.1, 2.1, 4.1, 10.1, 28.1

premature births, 10.1, 22.1, 27.1

preschool education, see early childhood education

Princeton University

principals, itr.1, 1.1, 2.1, 3.1, 11.1, 15.1, 21.1, 28.1, 29.1, 30.1

at charter schools, 16.1, 16.2, 26.1

demoralization of, 20.1, 20.2

firing of, 2.1, 3.1, 15.1, 15.2, 15.3, 16.1, 20.1, 20.2

LSC and

merit pay and, 12.1, 12.2

parent trigger and

Rhee and, 15.1, 15.2, 15.3

selection of, 29.1, 30.1

standards for, itr.1, 1.1, 29.1, 29.2

teacher evaluations and

tenure and

TFA and

turnover of, 15.1, 15.2

“priority” schools, 30.1, 30.2, 33.1

private schools, 3.1, 3.2, 4.1, 10.1, 12.1, 17.1, 24.1, 28.1, 32.1, 32.2, 33.1, 33.2

class size in, 24.1, 25.1

voucher-supported, 16.1, 19.1

privatization, itr.1, 1.1, 1.2, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 5.1, 6.1, 7.1, 17.1, 18.1, 31.1, 31.2, 32.1, 33.1

parent trigger and, 18.1, 18.2

as reactionary

Rhee and

risks and dangers of, itr.1, 1.1

TFA and, 14.1, 14.2, 14.3, 14.4

“proficient” level, 5.1, 5.2

profiteering, profits, 1.1, 1.2, 2.1, 3.1, 4.1, 4.2, 17.1, 17.2, 19.1, 33.1

charter schools and, 2.1, 2.2, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 16.1, 26.1, 26.2

progressives, progressivism, 1.1, 3.1, 4.1

Promise Academies

psychometrics, cardinal rule of

public schools

charters in

civic purpose of

closing of, itr.1, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 4.1, 11.1, 14.1, 15.1, 15.2, 15.3, 16.1, 17.1, 20.1, 30.1, 30.2, 32.1, 33.1, 33.2

as common schools

decentralization of, 30.1, nts.1n

in Finland

hostility toward, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4

protection of democratic control of, 30.1, 33.1

stability provided by

vouchers vs., 19.1, 19.2, 19.3

public sector, hostility toward, 3.1, 3.2

race, 25.1, 26.1, 27.1, 31.1, 33.1, 33.2

high school completion and noncompletion by, app.21

tests scores by, 2.1, app.3, app.6, app.22

see also segregation; specific racial groups

Race to the Top, 1.1, 2.1, 3.1, 4.1, 6.1, 7.1, 11.1, 15.1, 16.1, 17.1, 20.1, 24.1, 28.1, 28.2, 33.1, 33.2

federal role changed by, 30.1, 30.2, 30.3

No Child Left Behind compared with, 2.1, 3.1, 11.1, 12.1

segregation and, 31.1, 31.2

racial isolation, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 7.1, 31.1, 31.2

Rand Corporation

Rattner, Steven

reading, 1.1, 2.1, 4.1, 11.1, 15.1, 17.1, 24.1, 24.2, 29.1, 30.1, 31.1, 31.2

achievement gap in, 6.1, 6.2, 20.1, 21.1

cheating scandals and

to children, 10.1, 11.1

Illinois state standards for, 20.1, 20.2

international tests of, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 28.1

NAEP and, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 6.1, 6.2, 15.1, 19.1, app.4, app.23, app.16

online schools and, 17.1, 17.2

teacher evaluations and

teacher turnover and

TFA and

Reagan, Ronald, 2.1, 3.1, 30.1

real estate investment trusts

Reardon, Sean

recession of 2008, 9.1, 24.1, 24.2, 25.1

religious schools, 3.1, 3.2, 10.1, 16.1, 19.1, 19.2, 19.3, 33.1, 33.2

remedial classes

Renaissance 2010, 20.1, 20.2

Rendell, Ed

report cards

Republicans, 1.1, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 11.1, 14.1, 16.1, 32.1, 33.1, 33.2

charter schools and, 16.1, 18.1

education agenda of, 2.1, 3.1, 4.1

online schools and, 17.1, 17.2, 17.3

parent trigger and, 18.1, 18.2, 18.3

Rhee and, 15.1, 15.2

vouchers and, 19.1, 19.2, 19.3, 19.4

Reuters, 16.1, 18.1

Revenaugh, Mickey

“reward” schools, 30.1, 30.2

Rhee, Michelle, 4.1, 10.1, 11.1, 11.2, 14.1, 15.1, 33.1

background of, 15.1, 15.2, 16.1

candor and toughness of, 15.1, 15.2, 15.3

cheating scandal

parent trigger and, 18.1, 18.2, 18.3

StudentsFirst and, 5.1, 11.1, 13.1, 15.1, 15.2, 15.3, 32.1, 32.2

tenure and seniority opposed by, 13.1, 14.1, 15.1, 15.2

TFA and, 14.1, 14.2, 15.1

in Washington, D.C., 14.1, 15.1

Rice, Condoleezza

Ritz, Glenda

Rocketship charters, 16.1, 32.1

Rockoff, John E.

Romero, Gloria, 18.1, 18.2

Romney, George

Romney, Mitt

Rotherham, Andrew

Rothstein, Richard, 7.1, 10.1, 11.1, 27.1, 27.2, 31.1

Roy, Joydeep, 8.1, nts.1n

Rubinstein, Gary

Rumberger, Russell W.

Russia, 7.1, 16.1

Russian Federation, 8.1, 9.1

Sandy Hook Elementary School

San Francisco, Calif.

SAT, 28.1, 31.1

scale scores, 5.1, 5.2, 5.1

Schmidt, Harvey

Scholastic-Gates survey, 20.1, 25.1

school boards, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 11.1, 16.1, 18.1, 32.1, 33.1

democratic control and, 30.1, 30.2, 30.3, 30.4

School Improvement Grants, 2.1, 33.1

schools, itr.1, 2.1

at risk

fixing poverty vs. fixing, 10.1, 10.2, 14.1, 27.1

history of criticism of, 4.1, 7.1

as punching bags

society’s entwinement with, 1.1, 2.1, 4.1, 4.2

schools in need of improvement (SINI)

Schwarzenegger, Arnold, 16.1, 18.1, nts.1n

science, 1.1, 1.2, 2.1, 3.1, 5.1, 5.2, 7.1, 7.2, 9.1, 11.1, 12.1, 19.1, 20.1, 30.1, 32.1

charter schools and

in good education, 24.1, 24.2, 24.3

international tests of, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 7.4, 22.1, 28.1

teachers of, 13.1, 14.1, 20.1

Scott, Rick, 11.1, 16.1

secondary education, itr.1, 14.1

see also high schools; middle schools

segregation, 25.1, 32.1

Brown decision and, 3.1, 6.1, 19.1, 19.2, 31.1, 33.1

charter schools and, 16.1, 19.1, 31.1

racial, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 3.1, 3.2, 4.1, 4.2, 6.1, 6.2, 8.1, 8.2, 9.1, 14.1, 16.1, 19.1, 19.2, 21.1, 30.1, 31.1, 32.1, 33.1, 33.2, 33.3

seniority and tenure, 3.1, 3.2, 12.1, 13.1, 14.1, 15.1, 15.2, 15.3

“separate but equal” doctrine, 19.1, 31.1

Shanker, Albert, 2.1, 12.1, 16.1, 16.2, 26.1, 26.2

Sherman School of Excellence

Sidwell Friends

Simpson’s paradox, 5.1, 5.2, nts.1n

Singapore, 7.1, 7.2

SLANT technique

Slovenia, 7.1, 8.1, 10.1

small-school initiative

Snyder, Rick, 3.1, 3.2

social capital

social class, 16.1, 26.1, 32.1, 33.1, 33.2, 33.3

see also middle class; poverty

Society of Professional Journalists

Song, Anna

Soviet Union, 4.1, 7.1

space program, 7.1, 12.1

special education, 13.1, 16.1, 16.2, 17.1, 17.2, 23.1, 25.1, 25.2

special needs students, 4.1, 14.1, 25.1, 26.1, 26.2, 33.1, 33.2

speech therapy

Sputnik, 7.1, 12.1

“Sputnik moment,”

standards, 1.1, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 6.1, 30.1, 31.1

Common Core, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 3.1, 4.1, 4.2, 5.1, 17.1, 30.1, 31.1, 33.1

curriculum, 2.1, 16.1

Illinois state, 20.1, 20.2

national, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, 17.1, 17.2, 30.1

NCLB

for online schools

for principals, itr.1, 1.1, 29.1, 29.2

for teachers, see teachers, standards for

Stand for Children

“stand your ground” law

Stanford University, 11.1, 15.1, 17.1

state aid

state boards of education, 29.1, 32.1, 32.2, nts.1n

state constitutions

state education departments, 2.1, 30.1

state legislatures

states, educational role of, 30.1, 33.1

status dropout rate

Steinbeck, John

strikes, 3.1, 33.1

StudentsFirst, 5.1, 11.1, 13.1, 15.1, 15.2, 15.3, 32.1, 32.2

suburbs, 25.1, 31.1, 31.2, 31.3

affluent, 24.1, 24.2, 32.1

Success Academy Charter Schools

summer camp, 6.1, 10.1

summer programs

superintendents, 3.1, 11.1, 14.1, 15.1, 15.2, 26.1, 29.1, 29.2, 30.1, 30.2, 32.1

Chiefs for Change

standards for, itr.1, 1.1, 29.1, 29.2

training of, 3.1, 3.2, 14.1

Supreme Court, U.S., 4.1, 19.1, 19.2, 31.1

Sweating the Small Stuff (Whitman)

Sweden, 8.1, 9.1, 23.1

Switzerland, 9.1, 31.1

taxes, 2.1, 4.1, 9.1, 16.1, 16.2, 18.1, 19.1, 19.2, 26.1, 30.1, 32.1

Taylor, Frederick Winslow

Teacher Advancement Program

teacher evaluations, 2.1, 13.1, 15.1, 25.1

charter schools and, 16.1, 18.1

IMPACT, 15.1, 15.2

merit pay and

PAR and

test scores and, 1.1, 2.1, 3.1, 3.2, 4.1, 4.2, 7.1, 11.1, 13.1, 14.1, 15.1, 15.2, 28.1, 28.2, 30.1, 30.2, 32.1

value-added assessment in, 11.1, 11.2, 15.1

Teacher Incentive Fund, 12.1, 12.2

teachers, itr.1, 2.1, 3.1, 3.2, 4.1, 21.1, 30.1, 32.1, 33.1, 33.2

achievement gap and, 6.1, 6.2, 10.1, 10.2

in charter schools, 16.1, 16.2, 16.3, 16.4, 16.5, 16.6, 16.7, 16.8, 16.9, 26.1, 26.2, 26.3

class size and, 25.1, 31.1

demoralization of, 12.1, 20.1, 20.2

elementary, 1.1, 23.1, 23.2

elimination of job protections of, 1.1, 3.1, 12.1, 13.1, 13.2, 13.3

ethics of publishing ratings of

Finnish

firing of, 1.1, 2.1, 3.1, 3.2, 4.1, 11.1, 11.2, 11.3, 12.1, 13.1, 13.2, 13.3, 14.1, 15.1, 15.2, 15.3, 15.4, 15.5, 16.1, 16.2, 16.3, 18.1, 20.1, 20.2, 24.1, 25.1, 25.2, 30.1, nts.1n

great, 8.1, 10.1, 11.1, 11.2, 11.3, 11.4, 14.1, 15.1, 30.1

higher test scores and

in online schools, 17.1, 17.2, 17.3

parent trigger and

poverty effects and, 10.1, 10.2

professional autonomy of, 4.1, 12.1, 13.1, 14.1, 28.1, 28.2

salary of, 2.1, 2.2, 3.1, 13.1, 13.2, 14.1, 15.1, 16.1, 16.2, 16.3, 17.1, 17.2, 17.3, 25.1, 25.2; see also merit pay

seniority and tenure of, 3.1, 3.2, 12.1, 13.1, 14.1, 15.1

standards for, itr.1, 1.1, 1.2, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 4.1, 14.1, 29.1, 29.2

in Teach for America, 14.1, 15.1, 16.1

technology’s replacing of, 3.1, 4.1, 26.1, 32.1

in turnaround schools

turnover rate (churn) of, 14.1, 14.2, 15.1, 15.2, 16.1, 20.1, 20.2, 25.1, 26.1, 31.1, 31.2

vouchers and

women as

teachers’ unions, 1.1, 11.1, 11.2, 13.1, 13.2, 32.1

charter schools and, 16.1, 16.2, 26.1, 26.2

online education and

opposition to, 1.1, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 4.1, 5.1, 12.1, 13.1, 14.1, 15.1, 16.1, 17.1, 26.1, 30.1, 32.1, 32.2

power and influence of, 3.1, 12.1, nts.1n

teacher training, 2.1, 2.2, 3.1, 4.1, 11.1, 11.2, 13.1, 14.1, 20.1, 29.1, 29.2

in Teach for America, 14.1, 14.2, 14.3, 14.4

Teach for America (TFA), 3.1, 3.2, 14.1, 16.1, 32.1

alumni of, 14.1, 15.1, 16.1, 32.1

critics of

Rhee and, 15.1, 15.2

Team-Science

Tea Party group

technology, 1.1, 4.1, 7.1, 9.1, 9.2, 16.1, 17.1, 24.1, 25.1, 32.1

Common Core and, 2.1, 2.2

new, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 17.1, 17.2

teachers replaced by, 3.1, 4.1, 26.1, 32.1

see also computers

television, 1.1, 3.1, 4.1, 4.2, 11.1

“10 Elements of High Quality Digital Learning,” 17.1, 17.2

Tennessee, 3.1, 11.1, 14.1, 15.1, 16.1, 17.1, 32.1

testing and accountability movement

tests, testing, 1.1, 1.2, 2.1, 3.1, 3.2, 4.1, 20.1, 24.1, 30.1, 31.1, 31.2, 33.1

careful use of

diagnostic use of, 7.1, 28.1

in early grades, 1.1, 2.1, 32.1

grading of

multiple-choice, 28.1, 28.2, 28.3, 32.1

national, 2.1, 2.2, 4.1, 10.1, 28.1, 30.1; see also National Assessment of Educational Progress

overreliance on and misuse of, 1.1, 2.1, 7.1, 32.1, 33.1

standardized, 1.1, 2.1, 2.2, 3.1, 3.2, 4.1, 4.2, 7.1, 7.2, 11.1, 11.2, 12.1, 12.2, 13.1, 15.1, 15.2, 20.1, 24.1, 24.2, 28.1, 29.1, 30.1, 31.1, 31.2, 32.1, 32.2, 33.1

state, 2.1, 2.2, 10.1, 11.1, 14.1, 15.1, 19.1, 24.1, 28.1, 28.2, 32.1, 33.1

teaching to, 3.1, 3.2, 11.1, 11.2, 12.1

test scores, 1.1, 1.2, 2.1, 2.2, 6.1, 10.1, 15.1, 24.1, 24.2, 25.1, 26.1, 27.1, 28.1, 28.2, 30.1, 32.1, 32.2, 33.1, 33.2

at charter schools, 10.1, 16.1, 16.2, 16.3, 16.4, 16.5, 16.6, 16.7, 26.1, 26.2, 26.3

cheating scandals and, 2.1, 15.1

Common Core and, 2.1, 4.1

education quality and

facts about, 5.1, 7.1

international, see international test scores

merit pay and, 12.1, 15.1

NAEP, 4.1, 5.1, 5.1, 5.3, 5.4, 13.1, 15.1, app.4

at online schools, 17.1, 17.2

poverty and, 10.1, 10.2, 27.1, 31.1

Rhee’s belief in

school choice and, 3.1, 4.1

teacher evaluations and, see teacher evaluations, test scores and

teacher experience and

TFA and

vouchers and

in Washington, D.C.

Texas, 2.1, 11.1, 18.1, 31.1

charter schools in

merit pay in

“Texas miracle,” 2.1, 2.2

textbooks, 5.1, 7.1, 13.1, 15.1, 16.1, 19.1, 30.1

TFA, see Teach for America

think tanks

corporate reform and, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 33.1

international tests and

Thomas B. Fordham Institute

Timar, Thomas B.

Time, 4.1, 4.2, 14.1, 15.1, 22.1

TIMSS (Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study)

Toledo Blade

Tough, Paul, 27.1, 28.1

Trombetta, Nick

Tucker, Sophie

Turkey, 16.1, 22.1

Turkish Americans

turnaround model, 20.1, 33.1

tutoring, 2.1, 6.1, 17.1

Twain, Mark

unemployment, 4.1, 6.1, 9.1, 10.1, 14.1, 25.1

UNICEF

United Arab Emirates

United Kingdom

United Teachers Los Angeles

universities, 4.1, 9.1, 9.2, 9.3, 14.1

USA Today, 15.1

value-added assessment, 11.1, 11.2, 15.1, 33.1

Vance, Paul

Vanderbilt University

Veltri, Barbara Torre

vendors, 2.1, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 7.1, 14.1, 16.1, 17.1, 32.1, 32.2

Vermont, 8.1, nts.1n

veterans, education of

Villaraigosa, Antonio, 18.1, 32.1

Virginia, online schools in

Virtual Public Schools Act

vocational education, 4.1, 9.1, 30.1

Vollmer, Jamie

vouchers, 1.1, 1.2, 2.1, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 3.5, 3.6, 3.7, 4.1, 4.2, 7.1, 10.1, 15.1, 15.2, 16.1, 19.1, 32.1, 33.1, nts.1n

charter schools compared with

failure of

in Indiana, 3.1, 19.1

in Louisiana, 14.1, 19.1, 32.1

as “opportunity scholarships,” 19.1, 19.2, 19.3

Wadhwa, Vivek

Waiting for “Superman” (film), 4.1, 5.1, 11.1, 11.2, 15.1, 15.2, 18.1

Walden Media

Waldorf School of the Peninsula

Walker, Scott, 3.1, 11.1, 19.1, 19.2

Wall Street, 2.1, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 6.1, 14.1, 16.1, 16.2, 16.3, 17.1, 18.1

Wall Street Journal

Walton, Alice, 32.1, 32.2

Walton family, 16.1, 32.1

Walton Family Foundation, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 14.1, 16.1, 17.1, 18.1, 33.1, nts.1n

Washington, D.C., 3.1, 5.1, 8.1, 11.1, 13.1, 15.1, 17.1, 24.1, 30.1, 30.2, 33.1

charter schools in, 15.1, 15.2, 16.1, 16.2, 26.1

cheating scandals in, 2.1, 15.1

Race to the Top in, 2.1, 15.1

teacher firings in

TFA in, 14.1, 14.2

vouchers in, 3.1, 19.1, 19.2, nts.1n

Washington Post, 7.1, 15.1, 15.2, 17.1

Washington State, 24.1, 31.1, 32.1, nts.1n

Washington Teachers Union, 15.1, 15.2

whites, 4.1, 2.1, 19.1

achievement gap and, 6.1, 10.1, 11.1, 15.1, 15.2, 21.1, 23.1, 25.1, 28.1, 31.1

college education of, 9.1, 21.1

high school graduation rates and, 8.1, 8.2, nts.1n

NAEP and, 4.1, 5.1, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 15.1, app.14, app.15, app.16

poverty of

segregation and, 31.1, 31.2, 31.3, 31.4

Whitmire, Richard, 15.1, 15.2

Wilder, Tamara, 27.1, 27.2

Winfrey, Oprah

Wireless Generation, 3.1, 17.1

Wisconsin, 3.1, 8.1, 11.1

vouchers in, 19.1, 19.2

Wise, Bob, 3.1, 17.1, 17.2, 17.3

Won’t Back Down (movie)

Woodard, Colin

workforce training, 24.1, 24.2

World War II, 8.1, 9.1, 9.2, 30.1

wraparound services

writing, 1.1, 1.2, 5.1, 11.1, 24.1, 29.1

Yong Zhao, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 7.4

Zakaria, Fareed

Zimmer, Steve