Index

Please note that index links point to page beginnings from the print edition. Locations are approximate in e-readers, and you may need to page down one or more times after clicking a link to get to the indexed material.

A

About.com, 397

abstracts, 64

accounting reports, 213

adopted children, recording on a family group sheet, 85–86

adoption records, sealed, 461

Advanced Genealogy Research Techniques (Morgan and Smith), 75, 434

affidavits from witnesses, 119

African Roots Podcast.com, 55, 467

AfriGeneas, 397

Agricultural Schedules, 148–149

     See also U.S. census records

alien registration cards, 21, 22

alternate record types, 435–436

ambrotypes, 446

     See also photographs

American Battle Monuments Commission (ABMC), 278

American Place Names of Long Ago (Bahn), 106

ancestor charts, 89

ancestors

     linking with possible family members, 460–461

     vanished, 461

Ancestral Trails: The Complete Guide to British Genealogy and Family History (Herber), 371

Ancestry.ca, 163

     census records, 135

Ancestry.com, 47, 54, 392–393

     census records, 135, 137, 154

     charts, 397

     databases, 398–399

     Family History Wiki, 466

     forms, 65, 81, 83–84

     historical books, 40

     message boards, 51, 413–416

     Native American records, 285

     newspapers, 225–227

     parish records, 124

     probate records, 220

     webinars, 56, 469

Ancestry.co.uk, census records, 135

ANZAC Memorial, 1914-1918, 254

Archives.com, 54

     census records, 135, 137, 155

Association of Professional Genealogists (APG), 453

Association of Professional Genealogists in Ireland, 453

Atlas 2014 app, 477, 478

Atlas of Canada, 106–107

auction records, 213

Australia

     history, 341–342

     identifying current location of records, 111

     immigration records, 342–343

     military records, 254–255

     researching records in, 11

Australia’s Fighting Sons of the Empire, 255

autosomal DNA test, 427, 428, 429

B

baby books, 19, 20, 117

background research, 6

baptismal records, 117, 119

BCG Genealogical Standards Manual, 454

beneficiaries, 213

Bettinger, Blaine T., 431

Bibles, 14–15, 16, 17, 73

     birth dates, 119

     source citations, 87–88

BillionGraves Camera App, 473, 474

biographical resources, 420

biographies, 44

     of military leaders, 234

birth announcements, 119

birth certificates, 10, 13, 14, 66–68

     delayed, 116–117, 118

     locating, 114–119

birth parents, locating, 6

Blogger, 464, 465

blogs, 54–55, 463–465

     source citations, 88

BMDs, 13

Board for Certification of Genealogists (BCG), 453–454

     standards for genealogical proof, 60–61

books, journals, and periodicals, 40

     source citations, 87

brick walls

     common examples, 457–462

     getting information from obituaries, 439–442

     looking for alternate record types, 435–436

     recognizing when you’ve hit a “brick wall”, 434–435

     reevaluating the quality of your sources, 437–439

     reexamining your evidence, 436–437

     seeking help from libraries, archives, museums, and societies, 451–452

     switching to another family member, 450–451

     using a professional genealogical researcher, 452–457

     using photographs, 444–450

     widening the scope to include other sources, 442–444

British census records

     accessing, 162

     England’s and Wales’ census records, 159–160

     enumeration dates 1801-1911, 159

     overview, 156–159

     reference materials, 161

British Library

     manuscripts, 41

     newspapers, 225

British Newspaper Archive, 45

BritishIslesGenWeb Project, 161

burial permits, 201

C

cabinet cards, 447–448

     See also photographs

calendars, 420–421

calotypes, 445

     See also photographs

Canada

     1871 census, 164–165

     census records, 163

     Home Children, 340

     homesteads, 304

     identifying current location of records, 111

     immigration records, 338–341

     land and property records, 303–307

     land grants, 304

     land measurement, 306

     land systems, 306–307

     locating land records, 307

     military records, 245–248

     researching records in, 11

     seigneuries, 304

     taxation and duty records, 307

     World War I records, 246–247

Canadian Genealogical Societies, 403

Canadian Genealogy & History Links, 393

Canadian Merchant Navy War Dead Registry, 247

carte-de-visite, 448

     See also photographs

Castle Garden, 329–330

cemetery canvasses, 203

cemetery lot deeds, 202

cemetery markers, 70–73

     source citations, 88

cemetery records, 194–200

cenotaphs, 194

     See also cemetery markers

census indexes, 364

census records, 133–134, 166

     British census records, 156–160

     Irish census records, 160–161

     locating and accessing digital records, 135–137

     source citations, 88

     state censuses, 155–156

     See also U.S. census records

Census: The Expert Guide (Annal and Christian), 161

christening records, 117

chromosomes, 424, 426

     See also genetic genealogy

Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS), 112, 135

     See also FamilySearch

city directories, 152, 345

civil partnership documents, 13, 130, 131

civil registration records, 13, 114

     records prior to civil registration, 124–125

Civil War Soldiers and Sailors System (CWSS), 242

codicils, 206, 212

common-law relationships, 130

Commonwealth War Graves Commission, 247

The Compleat Parish Officer, 444

context, 75–76, 94–96, 312–313

Cooke, Lisa Louise, 467

coroner’s reports, 201

correspondence, 16–17, 18, 349

correspondence records, 380–381

county histories, 97–99, 203

     See also local histories

County Records’s Offices (CROs), 11

court orders, 377

CousinCalc app, 473

culinary styles, 349

Cyndi’s List of Genealogy Sites on the Internet, 53, 312, 393, 397, 472

D

daguerreotypes, 445

     See also photographs

dates

     formatting, 79

     that don’t fit, 460

David Rumsey Map Collection, 419

death certificates, 13, 15, 68–69, 200

     locating, 126–129

death-related documents, 200–204

deed of gift, 299, 302

deeds, 299

Defective, Dependent, and Delinquent Classes Schedules, 149

     See also U.S. census records

deoxyribonucleic acid. See DNA

derivative sources, 61–62

     abstracts, 64

     avoiding errors in, 65

     extracts, 63–64

     information on the Internet, 64–65

     marriage licenses and certificates, 68

     transcription, 63

descendant charts, 89

destroyed records, 458–459

diaries, 17–19

dictionaries, 419

directories, 26, 152, 345

     vs. search engines, 404–406

discarded records, 459

divorce decrees, 13

     locating, 125–126

DNA, 423

     autosomal DNA test, 427, 428, 429

     defined, 424

     as evidence, 7

     and genealogical research, 424–425

     genetic testing services, 429

     mtDNA test, 427, 428, 429

     resistance to DNA testing, 429

     surname projects, 430

     test processes and results, 428–429

     types of DNA testing, 426–428

     Y-DNA test, 426, 428, 429, 430

     See also genetic genealogy

document copies, ordering by mail, email or online, 378–380

documentary evidence, 7

     biographies, 44

     books, journals, and periodicals, 40

     histories, 44

     indexes, 43

     manuscripts and oral histories, 40–42

     maps, 43

     newspapers, 44–46

     where to look for different document types, 360–361

Dogpile, 406

Domesday Book, 308

domestic partnerships, 130

dower release, 299, 300

driver’s licenses, 21

Dunham, Chris, 54–55, 464

E

ecclesiastical records. See religious records

electronic research

     blogs, 54–55

     compilations, directories, and specialized indexes, 53–54

     email and mailing lists, 50–51

     genealogical subscription services, 47, 54

     libraries and archives, 48–49

     message boards, 51–52

     podcasts and videocasts, 55–56

     search engines, 54

     streaming video from conferences, 57

     web pages, 52

     webinars, 56–57

Ellis Island, 330–331

email and mailing lists, 50–51, 391

     source citations, 88

emigration, 320

     See also immigration; immigration records; naturalization records

employment records, 26–28

England

     1939 National Identity Card registration records, 162–163

     census records, 159–160, 162

     identifying current location of records, 111

     researching records in, 11

English Civil War Society, 236

estate inventory or appraisal, 213

ethnic origins, 6

evidence, 7

     Genealogical Proof Standard (GPS), 60–61

     original vs. derivative sources, 61–65

extracts, 63–64

F

Facebook, 469–470

family

     defining, 4–5

     linking ancestors with possible family members, 460–461

     multiple family units with a common spouse, 85

     non-traditional family units, 85

Family ChartMasters, 92

Family Chronicle, 472

family customs, 349

family group sheets, 83–86

family histories, 19, 97

     vs. genealogy, 3–4

Family History Centers (FHCs), 369–370

family traditions, 5

family tree formats, 89–92

The Family Tree Historical Maps Book (Dolan), 108

Family Tree History and Genealogy Coat of Arms of Last Names app, 476

Family Tree Magazine, 472

     forms, 65, 81, 82, 397

     podcasts, 467

The Family Tree Sourcebook: The Essential Guide to American County and Town Sources, 109, 112, 115, 126, 371

FamilyRelatives.com, 310

FamilySearch

     Canada, Merchant Marine Agreements and Accounts of Crew, 1890-1920, 247

     Canadian land records, 307

     catalog, 369–370

     census records, 135, 137, 155

     databases, 399

     Family History Books, 40

     Family History Research Wiki, 109–110, 115, 466

     land and property records, 312

     Memories app, 474, 475

     military records, 242

     parish records, 124

     probate records, 220

     Tree app, 474, 475

fan chart format, 89–90, 91

fashions, 450

Federal Land States. See Public Domain Land States

Federation of Family History Societies (FFHS), 404, 452

Federation of Genealogical Societies (FGS), 240, 404, 452

ferrotypes, 446

     See also photographs and tintypes

filing systems, 382–385

Find a Grave, 53–54

     app, 476–477

finding aids, 364–365

findmypast, 54

     census records, 135, 137, 155

     databases, 400

     newspapers, 227

     parish records, 125

     probate records, 220

Fold3, 47, 54

     census records, 135, 137

     databases, 401

     military records, 240, 242

     Native American records, 285

     newspapers, 227

foreign records, 11

     See also individual countries

formatting information

     dates, 79

     locations, 79–81

     names, 76–79

forms, 65

     family group sheets, 83–86

     pedigree charts, 81–83

     websites, 397–398

Freedom of Information Act (FOIA), 377

French-Canadian Sources: A Guide for Genealogists (Geyh), 371

funeral books, 21, 22, 204

funeral home records, 188–192

G

Gazetteer for Scotland, 107

gazetteer, 105–107

     See also maps

GeneaBloggers, 55, 464

Genealogical Gazetteer of England (Smith), 106

Genealogical Institute of the Maritimes, 454

Genealogical Proof Standard (GPS), 60–61

genealogical research

     applying critical thinking, 74–75

     contacting repositories to obtain copies of records, 112

     contacting the repository, 372–373

     developments in research methods, 37–38

     forms, 65

     genetic genealogy materials, 39

     Internet-based source materials, 39

     locating the repository on the Internet, 372

     original source documents and printed materials, 38

     placing ancestors into context, 75–76, 94–96

     research logs, 381

     standards for genealogical proof, 60–61

     See also brick walls; electronic research; organizing your research; starting genealogical research; traditional research

genealogical societies, 374, 403–404, 451–452

genealogy

     defined, 424

     vs. family histories, 3–4

     reasons for research, 5–6

Genealogy Blog Finder, 54–55, 464

Genealogy Blog Roll, 55, 464

Genealogy Gems Podcast, 56, 467

The Genealogy Guys Podcast, 55, 56, 467

Genealogy Wise, 52, 470

GenealogyBank, 40, 45, 227

GeneaWebinars, 468

General Register Office for Scotland (GROS), 111

General Register Office (GRO), 11, 111

General Register Office of Northern Ireland (GRONI), 11

genetic evidence, 7

genetic genealogy, 423

     DNA and genealogical research, 424–425

     DNA surname projects, 430

     genetic testing services, 429

     resources, 431

     source materials, 39

     test processes and results, 428–429

     timeframes, 425

     types of DNA testing, 426–428

genetics, defined, 424

GenForum, 51

GENUKI, 107, 161, 393

Geoscience Australia Place Name Search facility, 107

Germans to America (Glazier and Filby), 43

Google, 405

     Advanced Search, 406–408

     fine-tuning searches, 408–409

     searching foreign countries’ records, 136

Google Books, 40

Google+, 470–471

graves. See cemetery markers

gravestone transcription projects, 203

guardianship documents, 213, 216–218

H

Hall, Spencer T., 479

haplogroups, 425

     See also genetic genealogy

haplotypes, 425

     See also genetic genealogy

hardware, 471–472

health service cards, 21

hearsay evidence, 7

heirs, locating, 6

heritage societies, 6

HeritageQuest Online, 40

     census records, 137, 154–155

Hidden Sources: Family History in Unlikely Places (Pfeiffer), 443

historical map collections, 418–419

historical research, 6

historical resources, 420

historical societies, 374, 452

histories, 44, 96–102

     using to determine migration paths, 346–348

holographic wills, 205

Home Children, 340

hourglass trees, 89, 91

household items, 28

How-To DNA blog, 431

Human Genome Project, 424

     See also genetic genealogy

I

ICAPGen. See International Commission for the Accreditation of Professional Genealogists

identification documents, 21

identity cards, 21

Immigrant Ships Transcribers Guild (ISTG), 333

immigration

     reasons people migrate, 316–318

     strategies for determining ancestors’ migration path, 344–348

     strategies for determining ancestors’ place of origin, 348–350

immigration lists, 364

immigration records, 21–22, 318–319

     American ports of entry, 329–332

     Australian, 341–343

     books about early settlers, 348

     Canadian, 338–341

     how our ancestors traveled, 319–321

     passenger lists, 321–329

     See also passports

indexes, 43, 362

     in courthouses and government facilities, 362–363

     in libraries, archives, and other research facilities, 363–364

Industry Schedules, 149

     See also U.S. census records

insurance cards, 21

interment ledgers, 202

International Commission for the Accreditation of Professional Genealogists, 454–455

International Vital Records Handbook (Kemp), 11

Internet Genealogy, 472

Internet Public Library, newspaper section, 225

Internet-based source materials, derivative sources, 64–65

interviewing relatives, 28–30

     asking the right questions, 32

     scheduling interviews, 31–32

     setting the tone of the interview, 33–34

     thanking the interviewee, 34

     types of interviews, 30–31

     using the right equipment, 32–33

Introduction to Poor Law Documents Before 1834 (Cole), 444

ipl2, 405

Ireland

     census records, 160–161, 162

     identifying current location of records, 111

     military records, 254

     reference materials for census records, 161

     researching records in, 11

     substitutes for census records, 161

Irish Newspaper Archive, 227

Irish Roots Cafe, 56

J

JewishGen, 393–394

     databases, 401

journals, 17–19

jury records, 346

K

Kemp, Thomas J., 11

L

land and property records, 24, 152, 283

     arpents, 289

     bounty land, 290, 293

     in Canada, 303–307

     deed of gift, 299, 302

     deeds, 299

     dower release, 299, 300

     homesteads, 297–298

     indexes, 364

     leagues and labors, 289

     meridians, 293

     metes and bounds, 287

     online, 312

     placing ancestors into context with, 312–313

     Public Domain Land States, 290–298

     range, 294

     River Lot System, 289

     sections, 289, 294

     State Land States, 286–290

     survey methods, 287–289

     surveyors’ measurement conversion, 287

     townships, 289, 294

     types of records, 299–303

     in the United Kingdom, 308–311

     U.S. history relating to, 284–286

     warranty deeds, 299, 301

Land and Property Research in the United States (Hone), 286

Legacy Family Tree, webinars, 469

legislation

     Birth and Deaths Registration Act of 1836, 11

     Court of Probate Act of 1857, 206

     Homestead Act of 1862, 297

     Matrimonial Causes Act of 1857, 206

     Social Security Act of 1935, 221

letters. See correspondence

letters testamentary, 212–213

libraries and archives, 48–49, 365

     beginning research, 366–368

     interlibrary loan (ILL), 367–368

     seeking help from a state, provincial, or national library or archive, 373–374

     state and provincial histories, 99–100

     using the library catalog, 365–366

     using the Library of Congress online catalog, 368–369

Library and Archives Canada (LAC), 11, 48, 50, 111, 163

     census records, 135

     databases, 401

     immigration records, 338

     land records, 307

     military records, 237, 245–247

     military records after 1918, 248

Library of Congress

     Chronicling America, 44–45, 225

     Geography & Map Division, 419

     online catalog, 368–369

LibrarySpot.com, 48

lineage societies, 6, 451–452

Linkpendium, 53, 394

local histories, 19, 20, 97–99, 203

locations, formatting, 79–81

M

mailing lists, 410–413

Making Sense of the Census Revisited (Higgs), 161

Mamma, 406

Manufacturing Schedules, 149

     See also U.S. census records

manuscripts, 40–42

Manuscripts Online, 41

map collections, 110–111, 320–321, 418–419

Map Guide to the U.S. Federal Censuses, 1790-1920 (Thorndale and Dollarhide), 107, 109, 154

maps, 43, 102

     contemporary, 105–107

     fine-tuning your search location, 109–111

     historical, 107–108

     historical map collections, 110–111, 320–321

     identifying current location of records, 111–112

     methodology for working with, 105–112

     online map resources, 418–419

     using for multiple purposes, 104–105

     using to avoid wasted time and energy, 102–104

marriage banns, 122, 123

marriage books, 21

marriage licenses and certificates, 13, 14, 68

     common-law relationships, 130

     locating, 119–124

     See also civil partnership documents; domestic partnerships

maternal testing, 427

maternity claims, 6

medical history, 6

medical records, 119

melainotypes, 446

     See also photographs and tintypes

memorial cards, 21, 23

memorial plaques. See cemetery markers

message boards, 51–52, 391, 410, 413–416

     writing effective messages and postings that get results, 416–418

metasearch engines, 405–406

Military Historical Society of Australia, 236

military histories, 203, 233–236

military records, 25–26, 204

     American Civil War records, 242

     American Revolutionary War records, 238–240

     Australia, 254–255

     Canada, 245–248

     Canadian records, 245–248

     death and burial records, 278, 280

     discharge and separation records, 266–278

     early records, 237–238

     educational and training records, 260–261

     enlistment and draft registration records, 256–259

     identifying possible sources for, 236–237

     Ireland, 254

     later military records, 243–244

     locating records in the U.S., 237–244

     military station and duty assignment orders, 261

     muster rolls and pay records, 259–260

     overview, 229–231

     promotions and commissions, 261–265

     types of military records (UK), 252–254

     types of records, 231–233, 256

     United Kingdom, 248–254

     War of 1812 records, 240–241

     World War I draft registration calls, 243

Military Service Records: A Select Catalog of National Archives Microfilm Publications, 243

missing records, 458–459

mitochondria, 427

mitochondrial DNA, 427

Mocavo, 47, 49, 405

     message boards, 52

Mortality Schedules, 146, 147

     See also U.S. census records

mortuary records, 188–192

most recent common ancestor. See MRCA

MRCA, 426, 430

mtDNA test, 427, 428, 429

MyHeritage, 47, 48, 54

     census records, 135, 137, 155

     databases, 401–402

     parish records, 125

N

names

     formatting, 76–79

     suspected name changes, 130–132

     that don’t fit, 460

National Archives and Records Administration, 236, 243, 398

National Archives of Australia, 111, 237

National Archives of Ireland, 161

The National Archives (TNA), 11, 41–42, 111

     databases, 402, 403

     military records, 237

     reading old documents, 186

     wills, 220

National Genealogical Society, videos, 467

National Geographic World Atlas app, 477, 478

national histories, 100–102

National Institute for Genealogical Studies (NIGS), 470

National Library of Australia, 42

National Personnel Records Center, 236, 244

National Records of Scotland (NRS), 11

National Union Catalog of Manuscript Collections (NUCMC), 42

National Wills Index, 220

Native American records, 285

naturalization records, 23–24, 318–319

     Certificate of Arrival, 354, 355, 357–358

     Certificate of Naturalization, 352, 355

     Declaration of Intention, 350–352

     locating, 356–357

     Oath of Allegiance, 352, 354

     Petition for Naturalization, 352, 353

New England Historic Genealogical Society, 452

     webinars, 469

New Zealand Army Medal Rolls, 255

newspapers, 44–46

     historical newspapers online, 225–227

     marriage announcements, 122

     source citations, 87

Newspapers.com, 225

non-traditional family units, recording on a family group sheet, 85

Northern Ireland

     1939 National Identity Card registration records, 162–163

     identifying current location of records, 111

     researching records in, 11

O

obituaries, 18, 69–70, 202

     getting information from, 439–442

     reading between the lines, 192–193

online map resources, 418–419

online radiocasts, 467

OnlineNewspapers.com, 225

Open Directory Project, 405

oral histories, 40–42

organizing your research, 34–35

     filing systems, 382–385

     keeping track of your correspondence, 380–381

     research logs, 381

original sources, 61–62

     vs. derivative sources, 61–65

     primary vs. secondary information, 65–73

Origins.net, 394

     databases, 402–403

     National Wills Index, 220

Out-of-Style: A Modern Perspective of How, Why and When Fashions Evolved (Shubert), 450

P

paleography, 186

parents, identifying, 458

parish records, 124–125, 184

Passenger and Immigration Lists Index, 43

passenger lists, 321–329

     Canada, 340–341

passports, 21, 22, 333–338, 346

     See also immigration records

paternal testing, 426

     See also surname projects

paternity claims, 6

pedigree charts, 81–83, 90

people finders, 421

Periodical Source Index (PERSI), 40

Perry-Castañeda Library Map Collection, 419

The Phillimore Atlas & Index of Parish Registers (Humphery-Smith), 184

photograph albums, 15, 21

photographs, 348–349

     dating using clothing and hair fashions, 450

     types of photographs, 445–450

     using photographs when your research hits a brick wall, 444–450

physical traits, 349

place name dictionaries, 105–107

     See also gazetteers and maps

place of origin, determining, 348–350

place of residence

     identifying, 458

     no evidence a person lived in a certain place, 460

podcasts, 55–56, 467

Population Schedules, 143–144, 332–333

     See also U.S. census records

postcards. See correspondence

postremogeniture, 211

primary information, 65–66

     Bible entries, 73

     birth certificates, 66–68

     cemetery markers, 70–73

     death certificates, 68–69, 126

     marriage licenses and certificates, 68

     obituaries, 69–70

primogeniture, 211, 318

Principal Probate Registry, 206

Printed Sources: A Guide to Published Genealogical Records (Meyerink), 444

printing genealogy charts, 92

private records, 461–462

probate process, 206–210

probate records

     accounting reports, 213

     auction records, 213

     clues and pointers in the probate packet, 216–218

     codicils, 208, 212

     deeds, notes, bills, invoices, and receipts, 213

     estate inventory or appraisal, 213

     examining documents yourself, 218–219

     final disposition of estate, 213

     guardianship documents, 213, 216–218

     indexes, 364

     letters testamentary, 212–213

     list of beneficiaries, 213

     locating and getting copies of wills and probate documents, 219–221

     wills, 205–206, 210–211, 212

professional genealogical researchers, 452–453

     concluding the relationship, 457

     contracts, 456

     defining the scope of the work, 455

     establishing guidelines, goals, and milestones, 455–456

     hiring, 374–375

     locating, 453–455

property, documenting ownership of, 6

property records. See land and property records

provincial histories, 99–100

Public Domain Land States

     measurements for, 290–294

     Public Land Survey System (PLSS), 289

     records, 294–298

public notices, 203

R

Railroad Retirement Board, 222

     obtaining information from, 224–225

reasonably exhaustive search, 60, 61

regimental histories, 203

religious publications, 26

religious records, 14

     accessing records, 184–185

     determining what records might have been created, 182

     locating records now, 182–184

     locating the right institution, 178–181

     marriage ceremonies, 123

     parish registers, 184

     placing records into perspective, 185–186

     types of, 186–188

     using to determine migration paths, 345

Research Logger app, 479

research logs, 381

restricted access materials, 375–377

RootsMagic, webinars, 57, 469

RootsWeb, 53, 394–395

     Guide to Tracing Family Trees, 397

RRB. See Railroad Retirement Board

S

Sanborn Fire Insurance maps, 152, 153

school records, 26, 27, 119

Scotland

     1939 National Identity Card registration records, 162–163

     census records, 162

     identifying current location of records, 111

     researching records in, 11

ScotlandsPeople

     parish records, 125

     probate records, 220, 221

Scottish Military History, 236

scrapbooks, 16, 18

search engines, 54, 406–408

     vs. directories, 404–406

secondary information, 65–66

     Bible entries, 73

     birth certificates, 68

     cemetery markers, 70–73

     death certificates, 68–69, 126

     obituaries, 69–70

Sidestep Genealogy, 451

Slave Schedules, 146, 147

     See also U.S. census records

smartphone apps, 472–480

social media resources, 469–471

social research, 6

Social Security Administration, 221–223

     Age Search group, 222

     Death Master File, 223

     obtaining information from, 224

Social Security cards, 21

Social Security Death Index (SSDI), 223

Social Security numbers (SSNs), 222–224

Social Statistics Schedules, 149

     See also U.S. census records

Society of Australian Genealogists (SAG), 11

software, 471–472

source citations, 86–88

     reevaluating the quality of your sources, 437–439

South Carolina Department of Archives and History, 239

Special Schedules. See Union Veterans and Widows Schedule

standard chart format, 89–90

standards for genealogical proof, 60–61

starting genealogical research, 9–10

     with aunts and uncles, 12

     with cousins, 12

     with grandparents, 12

     with records in foreign countries, 11

     with siblings, 12

     with your parents, 12

     with yourself, 10–11

State Census Records (Lainhart), 154, 156

state censuses, 155–156

state histories, 99–100

State Land States, 286

     records, 289–290

     survey methods, 287–289

stereographs, 448–449

     See also photographs

stillbirths, 13

subscription services, 47, 54

surname projects, 430

Surviving Soldiers, Sailors, and Marines, and Widows. See Union Veterans and Widows Schedule

T

telephone directories, 152, 345, 421

testamentary trusts. See trusts

Timelines of History website, 318

tintypes, 446–450

     See also photographs

tombstones. See cemetery markers

Tracing Your Ancestors Using the Census (Jolly), 161

Tracing Your Irish Ancestors: The Complete Guide (Grenham), 371

Tracing Your Scottish Ancestors: A Guide for Family Historians (Maxwell), 371

traditional research, 39

     documentary evidence, 39–46

transcription, 63

transit permits, 197–200, 201

translating records, 136, 420

tree formats, 89–92

trusts, 210

Twitter, 471

U

ultimogeniture, 211, 318

Union Veterans and Widows Schedule, 147, 148

United Empire Loyalists’ Association of Canada, 236

United Kingdom

     Army records, 250–251

     historical background, 248–249

     Manorial Documents Register (MDR), 309–311

     Manorial Lordships records, 310

     manors, 308–309

     military museums, 251

     military records, 248–254

     National Archives podcasts, 467

     Navy records, 251

     records repositories, 250–251

     types of military records, 252–254

United States Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System (USGS GNIS), 106

U.S. Bureau of Land Management General Land Office (BLM-GLO), 295

U.S. census records, 137–141

     1790-1940, 167–174

     1885 census, 145

     accessing census images on microfilm and in online databases, 154–155

     Agricultural Schedules, 148–149

     Defective, Dependent, and Delinquent Classes Schedules, 149

     Indian Census Rolls, 150

     Industry Schedules, 149

     Manufacturing Schedules, 149

     Mortality Schedules, 146, 147

     number of copies and disposition, 142–143

     originals vs. copies of census documents, 141–143

     Population Schedules, 143–144, 332–333

     reference books, 154

     Slave Schedules, 146, 147

     Social Statistics Schedules, 149

     substitutes for the 1890 census, 145–146

     Union Veterans and Widows Schedule, 147, 148

     using census finding aids to locate ancestors, 152–153

     using to determine migration paths, 344–345

U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services website, 350

U.S. Constitution, 137

U.S. Defense Prisoner of War/Missing Personnel Office, 278

U.S. Indian Census Rolls, 150

U.S. Military Records: A Guide to Federal and State Sources—Colonial America to the Present (Neagles), 244

U.S. National Archives and Records Administration (NARA), 137

USGenWeb Project, 53, 395–396

V

vaccination records, 22

vanished ancestors, 461

Veterans Affairs Canada (VAC), 247

Victory Mail (V-mail), 275, 277

videos

     about genealogical research, 56, 467–468

     streaming video from conferences, 57

Vietnam Veterans Memorial Wall USA, 278

visas, 22

vital records, 13

     dealing with suspected name changes, 130–132

     locating, 113–114

     using to determine migration paths, 345

     See also individual records

VitalRec.com, 10

voter registration records, 346

W

Wales

     1939 National Identity Card registration records, 162–163

     census records, 159–160, 162

Walking with Your Ancestors (Kashuba), 102

warranty deeds, 299, 301

web pages, 52

webinars, 56–57, 468–469

websites

     compilation sites, 392–396

     genealogical societies, 403–404

     genealogy charts and forms, 397–398

     how-to, educational and reference sites, 396–397

     online databases, 398–403

Wikipedia, 420

wikis, 465–466

WikiTree, 466

wills, 205–206

     indexes, 364

     locating and getting copies of, 219–221

     what wills can tell you, 210–211

     See also probate records

Wolfram Genealogy & History Research Assistant app, 479–480

WordPress, 464

world history, 100–102

WorldCat, 48, 367

WorldGenWeb Project, 53, 396

WorldVitalRecords.com, 40, 54, 227

     databases, 403

Y

Y-DNA test, 426, 428, 429

     and surname projects, 430

yearbooks, 26, 27

Your Family Tree, 472

YouTube, 467–468