Abani, Chris 64, 220, 403, 499–506
Abel, Jonathan E. 402–403, 459–467
Abelvik-Lawson, H. et al. 148, 150
abolitionists 126–128, 129, 145, 177, 179, 217
Abu Ghraib 6, 109, 121, 122, 123, 466, 467; Botero’s paintings 122, 123
Achebe, Chinua 220, 345, 410, 499
Ackerman, S. 225
Act of Killing, The (film) 403, 438, 485, 493, 495–497; children of perpetrators 497; cognitive dissonance 485; Communist Women’s Movement 487; confrontations with perpetrators 492, 495; G30S (propaganda film) 482, 484; Kampung Kolam village massacre 486–487; perpetrators, boasting of 480, 481, 482, 483, 484; reenactments/counter-performances 485, 486–487; victims, stigmatization of 482
Adams, Henry 447
Adelson, L. A. 363
Adorno, Theodor 104, 116, 152, 189, 409
advocacy see human rights advocacy
Afghan women 3, 154–155, 436, 474
Afghanistan 353; American-led war 451; extraordinary rendition 109; human rights and 473–474; occupation of 471, 473–474; Operation Enduring Freedom 390; poetry and 154–155, 403, 471, 473–476; prisoners repatriated to 474; Pul-i Charkhi prison 474; retaliation for 9/11 6; Soviet military occupation 474; Taliban 353, 471; US drone strikes 224, 225, 226–228, 452; violations of rights 3, 4; war crimes and 452
Africa: colonization of 217; human rights and 452, 453; humor/satire 107, 215–217, 218; independence movements 12; laughter and 218; oral traditions 136, 138–139; parody/humor in 219–222; polygamy 220; postcolonial literature 220, 345; queer rights 55; ridicule as means of control 218; satire and sentiment 217–219; sentimentalism and 217–218; stand-up comedy 220–221; stereotypical assumptions 216; Tanganyika Laughter Epidemic 218–219; ubuntu 256; US Special Forces and 75; see also child soldiers; North Africa; Rwanda; South Africa; West Africa
Africa United (film) 216
African Americans 107, 143–144, 217, 218; slave songs and 139, 218; see also Beasts of the Southern Wild (film)
African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights 453
African literature, postcolonial 220
African National Congress 320
African Union 30
Agamben, Giorgio 69, 256, 257, 266, 338, 355, 407–408
Agier, Michel 80
Aguinis, Marcos 367
Ahmed, S. 211; and Stacey, J. 211
Aizenmann, N. 356
Akallo, Grace, Girl Soldier 132
al Attar, Mohsen and Thompson, Rebekah 295
al Qaeda 353; detainees 109, 354, 452
Al-Hela, Abdulsalaam 356
Alexander VI, Pope 269, 280; Alexandrine Bulls 271, 275
Allen, Lori 374
Allies 159–160, 161, 168; see also World War II
Alston, Philip 450; and Goodman, R. 391
American Anti-Slavery Group (AASG) 131, 132
American Civil War 180
American Declaration of Independence (1776) 173
American Indians see Native Americans
Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) 48–49
Amnesty International 187, 455; atrocities 344, 345; Nobel Peace Prize award 10, 428; Pelican Bay SHU 230
An-Na’im, A. and Deng, F. 452, 453
“and”: as pairing conjunction 2–3, 5, 9; see also “in”
Andersen, Niels Pagh 494
Anderson, Amanda 27
Anderson, C. 381
Andrejevic, M. 226
Andrews, Penelope 391
animal rights 23
Anker, Elizabeth S. 23, 37–44, 303, 382; counterliberal odyssey of the human 23–24, 37, 38; sympathy, critique of 415, 417
anti-Semitism 366, 367, 368; culturally learned 401, 419, 420; Edgeworth’s writings and 419–424
Anti-Slavery International 127
anti-slavery movement 131
anticolonial movements 255
Anzaldúa, Gloria 389, 390, 392
Aquinas, St Thomas 270
Arab League 373
Arab Spring 25, 88, 90, 233, 453
Arendt, Hannah 46, 51, 174–175, 260, 382; hypocrisy 406; loss of human rights 408; Origins of Totalitarianism 30, 408; refugees 82; word, power of 407
Argentina 451; anti-Semitism 366, 367, 368; Catholic Church in 368; citizenship 362; disappearances 367; discrimination 367; Guerra Sucia (dirty war) 366; HIJOS 367; human rights movement 367, 368; identity 362; immigrants and 362, 365–366; indigenous populations 362; Jewish-Argentine minority 361–362, 365–368; military regime 367; myth of racial “whiteness” 362, 367, 368; new xenophobias 368
Arias, Arturo 256, 258, 326–331
Aristotle 15, 29, 270, 271, 434
Art Institute of Chicago 179
art/artists: Chinese revolutionary art 315–316; human rights violations and 104; “Inside Out” project 225; Kunstlerroman subgenre 97, 100; narrative painting 116; public art installations 106–107, 206; role of 94, 95, 97, 98, 99, 100; Rwandan 345–346; US drone strikes and 229; West African 503, 504; see also Botero, Fernando; Breughel, Pieter, the Elder; Busby, Cathy; Holzer, Jenny
ArtForum 111
Asia 452, 453; South Asia 12, 33; West Asia 86, 89, 92
Asian American literature 197
asylum seekers 60, 62, 66, 67; see also refugees
Atanasoski, Neda 202
Atlantic Charter 159
atomic bombings: cake celebration 169; “Enola Gay” ground crew 169; Hiroshima and 164, 168, 197, 342, 444; Nagasaki and 164, 168, 342, 444; Nakazawa’s account of 195, 197
Attwood, B. 209
Auden, W. H. 120, 121, 122, 124, 154; “Musée des Beaux Arts” 116, 117–119
Augustine, St 270
Aung San Suu Kyi 246
Auschwitz 199
Australia: apology to the Stolen Generations 206, 207, 210, 211–212; Bringing Them Home Report (1997) 208, 210; child removal 207, 208–209; Council for Aboriginal Reconciliation 211; HREOC inquiry 210; indigenous peoples, rights of 268; “Link Up” campaigns 208; public art installation 106–107, 206; reparation/restitution 210; the Stolen Generations 206, 207, 208, 209, 210, 211–212; testimonial accounts 209–210; WE ARE SORRY installation 106–107, 206
Australian Aboriginals: child removal 206, 207, 209; folktales 136; “sorry business” 212
authenticity: metrics of 108, 243, 244–246; verification and 243–250
autobiographical genre 37, 39, 40, 41, 106, 184–191; agency and authority 190–191; fiction, autobiographically based 184–191; hybrid texts 184, 186, 188, 189, 190; indigenous Australian 209; legible face of human rights 184–191; literatures of captivity 186–187; mimesis 188–190; nonfictional narratives 186–187; pareidolia 106, 185–186, 188, 189, 190–191; prosopopeia 106, 185–186; redescription 188; sentimental education 186; testimonial narratives 209–210; truth and fiction 184; see also life narratives; slave narratives; testimonial/witness narratives
Azoulay, Ariella 105–106, 159–172, 392, 416, 419
Bâ, Mariama, So Long a Letter 220
Bakhtin, M. M. 219; and Holquist, M. 219
Baldwin, James 431
Bales, Kevin 128, 129; Disposable People 128
Balfour, Ian and Cadava, Eduardo 4
Balibar, Etienne 23, 34, 260, 265; dialectic of power 286; dominant/dominated 281–282; the politics of universalism 279–280
Bandung Conference (1955) 255, 301
Barnave, Antoine 262
Barnett, Michael 415
Barthes, Roland 109, 113, 115, 177
Bartow, Joanna 329
Basu, Tanya 299
Baucom, Ian 40
Baxi, Upendra 33, 292, 293, 442
Beah, Ishmael 74, 130, 131; Long Way Gone, A 74
Beasts of the Southern Wild (film) 105, 138, 139–144; critiques of 139–140; griot figure in 140–141, 143, 144; land rights abuses 141, 144; oral tradition perspective 144; Pomme D’Or prize 139; poverty 142, 144; reviews of 142–143; warehousing of refugees 142, 144
Begley, Josh 229
Ben Ali, Zine El Abidine 90, 92
Ben Jelloun, Tahar 90–92; By Fire (Par le feu) 90, 91; Spark, The (L’étincelle) 90
Benjamin, Walter 87, 176, 195, 408; baroque drama 280, 282; language 31, 409, 411
Bentham, J. 405
Berlin, Isaiah 443
Bernhard, Thomas 443
Beti, Mongo 220
Bhabha, Homi 31, 32, 138, 435, 437
Big International NGOs (BINGOs) 31, 33
Biggs, Michael 89
Bildungsroman genre 40, 41, 49, 97, 137; autobiography and 190; limitations of 187; making rights legible 184, 185, 186; postcolonial 300
Billig, M. 286
Blau Duplessis, Rachael 151
Bloom, E. A. and Bloom, L. D. 217, 219
Bloom, Paul 430
Boianjiu, Shani, People of Forever Are Not Afraid, The 377–378
Bok, Francis, Escape from Slavery 129
Bonaparte, Napoleon 483
Borger, J. 476
Bosco, D. L. 444
Bosniak, Linda 333
Botero, Fernando 122–123, 122, 123
Bouazizi, Tarek al-Tayeb Mohamed 25, 88–89, 90, 91, 92
Bové, P. A. 382
Boyarin, J. 201
Brady, Matthew 177
Brazil, human rights and 454
Brecht, Bertolt 240
Bretton Woods consortium 291
Breughel, Pieter, the Elder: Hunters in the Snow 118; Landscape with the Fall of Icarus 112, 116–119, 118, 120, 121, 122; Massacre of the Innocents, The 118
British Empire 217; colonization of India 302
British and Foreign Anti-Slavery Society 127
Brooks, M. 155
Brössler, D. 362
Brown, Wendy 437
Brysk, Alison 215
Buckley, J. 185
Bunch, C. 367
Burke, Roland 301
Burman, E. 218
Busby, Cathy 107, 206, 207, 210, 212; WE ARE SORRY installation 106–107, 206, 207, 210, 211
Bush administration 6, 109, 121, 293–294, 436; Bybee memo 111; Geneva Conventions and 6, 353; Guantánamo detainees 352; torture and 472; UN authority, attempts to circumvent 475; wars in Afghanistan, justification of 472; see also War on Terror
Bush, Laura 436
Butler, Judith 5, 27, 410; Bodies that Matter 17, 28; cultural translation 28; Frames of War 75; human rights regime (HRR) 30, 31, 32; human status 47; Israeli press reports 75; the “Other” 389; parody 216; sexual autonomy 33; “state of exception” 355; universal, definitions of 28; vulnerability 72
Bystrom, K. 137
Cacho, Lisa Marie 258, 381–382
Cadet, Jean-Robert 128
Cameron, Lynne J. 414, 416–417, 422
Camp X-Ray see Guantánamo Bay
Canada: apology to First Nations 206, 211; child removal 207, 208–209; First Nations testimony 208; Indian Residential Schools TRC 206, 208; indigenous peoples, rights of 268; testimonial accounts 210
Carr Vellino, Brenda 100, 105, 148–155
Carter, Jimmy 10, 401, 428–429
Caruth, C. 195
Cassin, René 446
Castillo, Ana 257, 334, 335, 337–338; Guardians, The 257, 334, 335
Catholic Church: in Argentina 368; censorship and 460; human dignity and 174; theology 254
Cédras, General Raoul 98
censorship 115, 402–403, 460, 462–463; corporations and 463–464; identification of 460; images of abuse and 466; institutions of 463–464; the internet and 459; literature and 461–462; media networks and 459–460
Center for the Study of Human Rights (CSHR) 29–30
Chakrabarty, Dipesh 300, 301, 303
Chambers, R. 216
Cheah, P. 306
Chechnya 453
Cheesman, T. 363
Cheney, Dick 230
Chiasson, D. 357
child soldiers 24–25, 69–76, 70, 130; CRC and 72, 73; “embodied vulnerability” 71; exceptionality 70; as human rights subjects 69–76; international profile, exploitation of 75; narratives 131, 132, 249; redemption of 73; status of “righted” subjects 69, 70, 71, 73; as victims 71, 131; vulnerability 69–72, 73–74
children: Article 3(1), UNCRC 71–72; child labor 128, 129, 130; deaths in war 75; forced marriage and 128; #NotABugSplat project 107, 224–226; protectionism 71; racialized removal of 206, 207, 208–209; refugees in flight 81, 82; sex trafficking and 130; West African 501–502, 504; see also child soldiers
Chimni, B. S. 290, 292, 294–295
Chin, R. 364
China 31, 55, 309–311, 447, 451; Anyuan workers’ strike 310; ballet/opera 315–316; colonial markets, effects of 312; Communist Revolution 255–256; Confucian tradition 309; Cultural Revolution 315; human rights and 314, 452, 454; human rights, peasants and 309–310, 315; peasant association/political power 314–315; peasant revolt 309–310, 313–314; poverty/the poor in 314; Qing dynasty, demise of 311–312; queer rights 55; revolutionary art in 315–316; rights consciousness in literature 311–316; rural economy 312–314; self-regulating market 311; silk production 312–313; Tiananmen Square 149; world markets, rural economy and 312–313
Chinese Revolution 309–310, 311–312
Chiotti, C. 201
Chol-Hwan, Kang 184, 186, 187; Aquariums of Pyongyang, The 186, 187
Chomiak, Laryssa 90
Chouliaraki, L. 154
Christianity 87, 272; conquest of Mexico and 275; Islam and 272, 273; land rights and 269; Native Americans and 273, 279, 280; natural law and 271; persecution and 132; Vega’s play and 283–284
Churchill, Sir Winston 159, 161
Cicero 15, 175; De Officiis (On Duties) 175
Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission (2010) 23
citizenship: in Argentina 362; dual citizenship 363; in Germany 362, 363; in Palestine 416
City University of New York (CUNY) 4–5, 9
civil/political rights 29, 64, 408, 435; asylum seekers and 66–67; Chinese peasants and 314; French revolutionary debates and 263, 264, 265; International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights 29, 61, 66, 338; Turkish Germans and 362
Clark, Phil 348
Clarkson, Thomas 127
Cleave, Chris, Little Bee 24, 60–67
Clinton, Bill 342
Cloud, D. 227
Cmiel, K. 194
Coalición de Derechos Humanos, Tucson 337
Cold War 159, 160–162, 197; America’s global posture 202; narrative of opposition 160–162; post-Cold War human rights revolution 447; UDHR and 441, 446; the West and 452
colonial markets, China and 312
colonial powers, and human rights 8, 256
colonialism 330; banning of sati 88; capitalist 310; differential rule and 163; India and 302; inherited rights/social movements of self-protection 309–316; neocolonialism 255; property rights and 310; Rhodesia and 190; settler colonialism 149, 206, 208
coloniality 328, 330; postcoloniality and 11, 255, 393
colonization 12, 23; of Africa 217; colonial discourse and 23; of India 302, 304; indigenous sovereignty and 254; injuries inflicted by 304; man/people distinction 41; the natural law and 254; postcolonial ambivalence 39; retributive justice and 302, 304–305; of Rwanda 341, 343; as violence 346
Columbus, Christopher 255, 269, 274; Vega’s play and 279, 282–285
comedy genre: comedia/tragicomedy 280–281; New World Discovered by Christopher Columbus, The (Vega) 279, 282–285; politics of universalism and 280–282, 286; subversion of power 286
comics 193–203; Citizen 13660 (Okubo) 197–199, 198; human rights themes 193–194, 197, 201–202; humanity, conceptions of 194; I Saw It (Nakazawa) 197, 202–203, 203; interpreting/understanding 193–194; manga comics 195, 197, 202, 203; Maus (Spiegelman) 106, 189–190, 193, 197, 199–201, 199; politics of images 194; racial caricature 195–196, 197; social history of 194, 195–196; theorists and 196; war comics 197; the West and 194, 195; white supremacy 197; world-form 194–195
Communism 453
CONAVIGUA (National Association of Guatemalan Widows) 326
concentration camps 166–167, 166; see also internment camps
Congo, Anwar 483, 484, 485–486, 487, 488–490, 494–495
Congo, Democratic Republic of 451
Conrad, Joseph, Heart of Darkness 345
Convention for the Elimination of all Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEFDW) 29, 391
Convention on the Rights of the Child (1989) 24, 71–72, 73, 383; Article 6(3) Optional Protocol 74; Involvement of Children in Armed Conflict (2000) 72, 73, 74; Optional Protocol 72, 73, 74
Coomaraswamy, R. 73
Cooper, Frederick 16, 162, 163
copyright, corporations and 463, 464
Copyright Term Extension Act (CTEA) 464
Corntassel, Jeff 330
corporations: censorship and 463, 464; copyright and 463, 464; free speech and 23, 464; local communities and 326–327; personification of 464–465; user agreements and 464
Cortés, Hernando 272, 273, 274, 275
Coullie, J. 323
Coundouriotis, Eleni 25, 78–85, 130, 131; and Goodlad, L. M. E. 138
Couser, G. Thomas and Sanders, Mark 248
CRC see Convention on the Rights of the Child (1989)
critical theory/theorists 6, 8, 72, 230
Crownshaw, Richard 95
Cuban Revolution (1959) 12
CUNY see City University of New York
Czechoslovakia: Charter 77 10; immolation in 89
Dabbagh, Selma, Out of It 377
Daguerre, Louis 180
Daguerrean Miniature studio and gallery 177
Dang, Minh 130
Dangarembga, Tsitsi, Nervous Conditions 190
Danticat, Edwidge 25, 94–100; “Book of the Dead, The” 97; “Book of Miracles, The” 97; Dew Breaker, The 25, 94–100; “Night Talkers” 95, 96–97, 98; symbolism of dew 96
Dash, Julie, Daughters of the Dust 139
Dash, Michael 96
Davis, C. T. and Gates, H. L. 127
Davis, Jack, Boy’s Life, A 209
Dawes, James 79, 254, 257; Evil Men 95; literature, empathy and 427–431; literature, role of 401; That the World May Know 10, 237
De Gouge, Olympe de 217
de la Cadena, Marisol 331
de Soto, Domingo, De Justitia et Jure 270
de Sousa Santos, Boaventura 328, 389, 390, 391, 394, 395
Declaration of Independence (US) 136, 445
Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen 173, 217, 254, 401, 445; language of 405; literature, effects of 427; nature and society, debates on 260–266
declassification 112; US documents and 109, 112, 113, 114, 115, 121, 124
decolonization 33, 151, 299, 301; India-Pakistan Partition 299–300, 301, 304, 305; movements 255
Deger, A. 378
dehumanization 42, 48, 50, 78, 378, 444; aggressive humor and 218, 220; refugee camps and 81, 82; see also slavery; War on Terror
Delandine, Antoine-François 263–264, 266
Delmont, Matthew 224
Deng, Valentino Achak 79, 82, 249, 383
Dewey, John 32
Díaz del Castillo, Bernal 12, 275
Díaz, Junot 258, 383, 385–386; Brief Wondrous Life of Oscar Wao, The 385–386; Drown 385, 386; This Is How You Lose Her 385
dictatorships 91, 295, 453; Argentina 366; Dominican Republic 386; Haiti 98, 100; human rights and 455; rise of 12; the West and 452
Didur, Jill 303
Diem, Ngo Dihn 89
dignity see human dignity
Dimock, Wai Chee 386
Diop, Boubacar Boris 348
disability: category of the human and 46–49; definition of 48–49; dignity and 48; literature 47; oppression 47; rights and 46–49; studies 24, 48; transnational rights movement 46–47; US legislation 48–49
Disney, Walt 464
Doezema, Jo 131
Dost, Abdurraheem Muslim 352, 356
Douglas, K. 187
Douglass, Frederick 126, 129, 133; autobiography 177, 179; freedom purchased 179; photographic portraiture 174, 177–181, 178, 179; visual politics, use of 177, 178, 181
Douzinas, Costas 194, 202, 286, 390, 395, 471; Human Rights and Empire 7; the power of human rights 399–400
Doxtader, Erik 401, 405–411, 433–434, 438, 439
Dragon, Z. 200
Drescher, S. 127
Du Bois, W. E. B. 181
Dudai, Ron 104
Dulles, John Foster 381
Dunnage, Jonathan, Memory Studies 95
Dunne, A. and Raby, F. 393
Dussel, Enrique 330
Duvalier, Jean-Claude (Baby Doc) 98
Eastman, Charles 145
ecoexploitation 151
Edgeworth, Maria 401, 419–420; anti-Semitism and 419, 420; Harrington 401, 419; inverted sympathy theory 419, 421, 422, 423; Practical Education 420
Edgeworth, Richard Lovell 419
Edmunds, J. 363
Eggers, Dave 25, 79, 82, 84, 249, 258; Circle, The 461; family life 383–384; Heartbreaking Book of Staggering Genius, A 383, 384, 386; What Is the What? The Autobiography of Valentino Achak Deng 249, 383, 386
Eichmann, Adolf 366
Eisner, Will 193
Elie, Lolis Eric 143
Elmer, Jonathan and Wolfe, Cary 47
Eltantawy, N. and Wiest, J. B. 234
Elver, Hilal 292
Emecheta, Buchi, Destination Biafra 82
Emory Law School 71
empathy 286, 414, 422; aesthetic notion of 418; artistic mediations of 418; case study (Edgeworth’s novel) 419–424; cognitive empathy 417, 424; conciliation/reconciliation and 417–418; in human rights aesthetics 418–419, 424; human rights and 427–428; “imagined empathy” 414–415; “inverted sympathy”, theory of 419, 421, 422, 423; leveraging 415; literary works and 418, 424, 430–431; literature and 427–431; as mediation 415–417, 418–419, 424; as a medium 418; pseudo-empathy 431; role of 429–430
Enlightenment 6, 22, 40, 61, 227, 228; mediation, understanding of 418; satirists 217
environmental exploitation 151, 390
Equiano, Olaudah 127
ethics, of actions 15
Eurocentrism 8, 11, 23, 60, 321, 327, 329
Evaristo, Bernardine, Blonde Roots 220
Falk, Richard et al. 292
Falkoff, Marc D. 257, 351–359, 471
family 384–385; definition of 383; rights of members 383
Fassin, Didier 83
Faubourg Tremé: The Untold Story of Black New Orleans (film) 143
Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) 112, 113
Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) 142, 144
Feldman, Keith P. 107, 224–230
feminist legal scholars 71, 72
Ferdinand of Aragon, King 269–270
Ferrara, Alessandro 28
Ferry, L. and Renaut, A. 408
Fielding, Henry 217
Fineman, Martha Albertson 71; and Grear, Anna 24
Fingueret, Manuela, Daughter of Silence 368
Fischer, S. and McGowan, M. 363
Forché, Carolyn 149, 150, 152; and Wu, D. 152
Foreign Policy (magazine) 88
Foster, D. W. et al. 367
Foucault, Michel 32, 33, 110, 124, 280
Foundation for Fundamental Rights 225
Frakes, M. 197
France: French Revolution 260; National Assembly 260, 261, 262; nature and society, debates on 260–266; Rwanda and 215; see also Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen
Franck, T. 451
Fraser, A. 301
Frederick Douglass Family Initiatives 129
freedom of expression 459, 466–467; conceptions of 463; corporations and 464; cyberspace and 463; digital/virtual 465–466; human rights violations, representation of 465; literature and 461–462, 465; right to 466–467; UDHR and 460
Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) (1966) 110, 112, 115; exemptions 121, 123, 124
freedom of religious belief 23
French, R. and Cunningham, A. 270
Fugitive Slave Act 179
Fulmer, Amanda et al. 327
Gandhi, Mahatma 88, 435, 446, 499
Ganguly, S. 299
Gardener-Patterson, Debs 216
Garguin, E. 362
Garimara, Nugi 209
Garrison, William Lloyd 126, 128, 133
Gathii, James Thuo 291, 293–294, 296
Geertz, Clifford 32
gender: asylum seeking and 67; binary gender systems 53–54, 55; human rights violations and 60–67; manhood, loss of 65; masculinity 65, 66; reversal of expectations 65–66
gender identity 58, 62; categories 53–54
gender rights 57
Geneva Conventions: Additional Protocols (1977) 72–73; Article 5 353; Bush and 6, 121, 353; Common Article III 6; US and 6, 109, 121
genocide 450–451; Armenian 149, 341; child removal as 207, 208; definition of 341; global geographies of 342–343; in Guatemala 328, 329; in Indonesia 484; in Namibia 409; Nazis and 167, 375; in Rwanda 80, 181, 215, 257, 343–344; UN and 207, 208, 341
Germany: Berlin 160, 161; citizenship 362, 368; de-Nazification 170; displaced Germans 170; dual citizenship 362; East Germany 160, 161; female guest workers 363–364; guest workers (Gastarbeiter) 361–362, 363; immigrants and 362, 368; law of general equality of treatment 364–365; Muslims, attitudes towards 363, 365; Nuremberg trials and 300, 302; Orientalism, role of 362–363; post-war economy 361–362; press photographers’ training 168; race/racism 365; racist attacks 365; rape of German women 164, 168; Turkish-German literature 363–365; Turkish-German minority 361–365; West Germany 160
Ghosh, Amitav, Shadow Lines, The 306
GiedRé (singer) 215
Glendon, Mary Ann 7, 8, 255, 300–301, 443, 447, 451
global financial crisis (2007–8) 89
Global North 64, 154, 202, 255; human rights theory and 391
Global South 30, 64, 255; human rights and 450, 451, 453, 455; the West and 455
Gobodo-Madikizela, Pumla 319, 320; Human Being Died That Night, A 319
Goedde, Petra 160
Goldberg, Elizabeth Swanson 24, 60–67, 95; Beyond Terror 95; et al. 5; and Moore, A. S. 5, 149, 151, 299, 436
Golden, Audrey J. 255, 299–306
Golder, Ben 33
Gómez Grijalva, Francisca 326, 327
Goodale, Mark 402, 441–448; and Merry, Sally Engle 443
Gourevitch, Philip 257, 342–349
Goya, Francisco, Third of May 112
graphic novels 106, 195; Maus (Spiegelman) 106, 189–190, 193, 197, 199–201, 199; see also comics
Gray, John 473
Grear, Anna 71
Greicius, J. 132
Grewal, Inderpal 436
Grice, H. and Woods, T. 184, 186, 187, 188
Grimson, A. and Kessler, G. 368
Guantánamo Bay 6, 109, 148–149; abuse of detainees 257, 351–352; acquittal rate 358; “cup poems” 151, 352; declassified FBI notes 112; Detainee Treatment Act (2005) 355; detainees, public perception of 352; “enemy combatant” status 354; evidence, detainees and 354, 358; FBI notes/records 112, 113; force-feeding 225, 358; habeas litigation 353, 354, 355, 358; hunger strikes 225, 229, 358; interrogation techniques 109; legal black hole 452; Military Commissions Act (2006) 355; Pentagon and 356, 357; poems, confiscation of 356; poetry anthology 257, 351, 352, 356–358, 471; the poets of 351–359; prisoners, repatriation of 474; suicide/suicide attempts 357, 358–359; witness poetry 151, 154
Guardian 476
Guatemala 256; CONAVIGUA 326; genocide 328, 329; human rights violations 326–328; hydroelectric power station 326, 327; Maya, assassinations of 326–327; Maya Ixil population 328, 329; Ministry of Energy and Mines 327
Gubar, Susan 150
Gugelberger, John 13
Hacket, Thomas 142
Haiti 96, 98, 99, 100, 128, 221
Hales, P. B. 202
Halpern, Jodi and Weinstein, Harvey M. 417
Hamilton, B. 270
Hanneken, J. 243
Hardt, Michael, and Negri, Antonio 92
Harlan County, USA (documentary) 327
Harlow, Barbara 75, 255, 289–296
Harrell, Fox D. 393
Harris, Wilson 96
Harvard International Law Journal 290, 291
Harvard University, School of Law 290
Harvey, David 310
Hasan, Amir 480, 482, 496, 497; Embun Berdarah 483, 493
Hauser, Gerald 434
Haydon, Robert 150
Heaney, Seamus 149
Hegel, G. W. H. 280, 281, 285, 462
Heidegger, Martin 194–195, 197, 407
Heine, Heinrich, Almansor 465
Heiss, Anita 209
Henkin, Louis 450
Henty, G. A. 218
Hermagoras of Temnos 15
Hesford, Wendy S. 140, 154, 257, 436; child soldiers 24, 69–76; Spectacular Rhetorics 95, 434; visual knowledges 227
Hiroshima 164, 168, 197, 202, 342, 444
Hobbes, Thomas 286
Hobsbawm, E. 443
Holiday, R. 215
Holmes, Oliver Wendell 467
Holocaust, the 150, 167, 342, 343; Jewish-Argentine literature and 368; “Lest We Forget” exhibition 166; responses to 341; Spiegelman’s account of 193
Holt, Albert, Forcibly Removed 209
Holzer, Jenny 111, 112–113, 115, 121, 124; “Protect Protect” exhibition 109–115; Redaction Paintings 110, 112, 114
Hopgood, Stephen 31, 389, 390, 394, 395, 455
Hosseini, Khaled 382
Hotel Rwanda (film) 117
Hounso, Djimon 216
Howard, Philip 234
HRC see Human Rights Campaign
HRR see human rights regime
Hsu, Hua 244
Huggan, Graham 210
Hughes, K. 352
Hughes, Langston 151
Hughes-D’Aeth, Tony 212
human beings: animalization of 47; category of human 149; dehumanization 42, 48, 50, 51; humanization of 50; notion of human 144–145; silenced being 408; speaking animal 407–408, 409; species grid 47; speech, the gift of 409–410; subhuman status 41, 42, 201
human dignity 173–181, 448; as composure 176; conceptions of 394; dignitas 175; inalienable (UDHR) 173; as intrinsic value 175; photography and 106, 174–175, 176–181; religion and 174, 175; as status 175; themes and variations 175–176
human reason 270
human rights 382–383, 450–456; American exceptionalism and 381, 382; antiwestern theorists and 8; continuity model of 428, 429; critique of 8–9; as cultural concept 13; culture and 391; deficits of 451–452; discontinuity model of 428–429; exclusions from discourse 168; family, right to 383; First World and 62, 63–64; first-generation rights 29, 382–383; the five Ws and one H 14, 15, 16–17; “globalized localism” of 394; group rights 29; historical emergence of 414, 415, 428; humanist view of 3, 8; indigenous sovereignty and 254–255; literatures 137; localizing 299–306; natural law and 164–165, 254, 261, 263; normativity 435–438; oral literature and 136, 137; post-9/11 5–6, 7, 8; post-mortem of 454–455; postcolonial approaches 11, 12; power and 51; privation, persistence of 453–454; research, literary approaches to 1–17; second-generation rights 29, 382–383, 435; the seven circumstances 15–16; Third World and 62, 63–64; third-generation rights 382–383; topoi (topics) 15–16; two cultures theory and 6–7; universality of 435, 450; Valladolid debate and 254; violations see violations of human rights; western construct 8, 455
human rights advocacy 10, 451; conceptual basis of 8; journalism and 14, 15; literary expression of 10–14; memoirs and 10; storytelling and 10–11; testimonio genre 12–13; transnational 225; visuality 227–228
Human Rights Campaign (HRC) 24, 56, 57
human rights discourses 3–5, 23–24; literary language and 305; postcolonial particularities 300
human rights literature/writing 137; censorship and 402–403; contexts 253–258; critical approach to 138; empathy, development of 401; forms of 103–108; illiterate/silenced subjects 22; impacts of 399–403; limits of 400; market for 400; mythos and pathos in 402; postmodern genres 138; power of 399–400; rhetoric, role of 401–402; slave narrative 105; subjects of 21–25; universal ideology of 402; universality of human rights 21–22
human rights regime (HRR) 28, 29–31, 32, 390–391; cultural translation 31–32; the generalizable 32–33; negotiating claims 31–33; progressive politics 33; the universal and 29–31; the work of the universal 33–34
human rights theory 389–395; comparative human rights 394–395; the cultural bomb and 389; digital humanities and 393–394; geopolitical location of 390–391; indigenous practices and 394; nontextual theory 392–394; political action and 389; world literature and 391–392
human rights violations see violations of human rights
Human Rights Watch (HRW) 390, 455; 2012 report 69, 70–71, 70, 72, 73; Afghan prisoners and 474; empathy, role of 429; “No Place for Children” (2012) 69, 72–76; “Precisely Wrong” (2009) 229
human trafficking 128, 129, 130, 131, 334, 336
humanism/humanists 4, 6, 11, 23, 41–42
humanity 382; definitions of 41, 42; dehumanization and 42; slavery and 130; subhuman status 41, 42, 201
Hume, David 419
humor/satire: advertising campaigns and 221–222; in Africa 219–222; in Africa United film 216; censorship of 220; cynical 215; human rights and 215–217; laughter, perception of 218–219; parodic performances 219; parody 216–217, 219–222; resistance “from below” 215–216; role of 107, 218; satire and sentiment 217–219; satirical novels 217; social justice potential of 219; stand-up comedy 220–221; theorists 216; “Tutsi Crush” 215, 221; US politics 221
Humphrey, John 446
Hunt, Lynn 137, 217, 286; empathy, literature and 427, 430; imagined empathy 414–415; Inventing Human Rights 127
Hurricane Katrina 139, 141, 142, 143, 144
Huxley, Julian 446
Hyatt, S. B. 333
Hyder, Qurratulain, My Temples, Too 301
hypocrisy 402, 406; universality and 452–453
Ignatieff, Michael 10, 381, 453, 472, 477
immigrants; Argentina and 362, 365–366; Germany and 362, 368; rights of 334; undocumented 334, 338; US legislation and 333–334
immolation 25, 86–92; as act of political resistance 89, 92; Arab culture and 89; Arab uprising and 88–89; immolare 87; martyrdom and 89; media and 88–89, 92; in North Africa 88, 89–90; sacrifice and 86, 87; sati 25, 88; self-immolation 87–89; as site of conflict 87; of widows 25, 88
imperialism: Afghanistan and 471; Central Asia and Middle East 403; colonial justice 289; cultural bomb and 389; differential rule and 163
India: colonization of 302, 304; Dahbol project 295; decolonization 299–300, 301; human rights and 452, 454; human rights law and 301; immolation 89; novels/literature 301; sati 25, 88; women, violence against 301
India-Pakistan Partition (1947) 299–300, 301, 302–304, 305; novels addressing Partition 306
Indigenous Affairs (2010) 391
indigenous peoples 33, 106; alterity, negation of 330; apologies to 206, 207, 210, 211–212; in Argentina 362; child removal 206, 207, 208–209; colonization and 254–255; forgiveness and 329; human rights violations 326–328; humanity of 255; invisibility of 328, 331; Maya Ixil women 328, 329; Native Americans 268, 269; opposition to UN Declaration 268; revolts and 329; the Stolen Generations 206, 207, 208, 209, 210, 211–212; subjectivity 330–331; symbolic reconciliation and 107, 206; testimonial narrative 208, 209–210; UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples 268; UN PFII and 330; witness poetry 151
Indonesia 403; anti-Communist propaganda 482, 495; Communist Party 485; Communist Women’s Movement 487; G30S (docudrama) 482, 484; genocide 484; Kampung Kolam village massacre 486; Komnas HAM investigation 490; KontraS 490; national lie 484, 486, 488, 494; national official history 484; Pancasila Youth 488–489, 492; truth and reconciliation, need for 495, 497; see also Act of Killing, The (film); Look of Silence, The (film)
information: censorship and 459, 460, 464; control and regulation of 464; user agreements 464
“in” as pairing conjunction 5, 9
Innocent IV, Pope 269
Institute for Religion and Democracy (IRD) 132
International Criminal Court (ICC) 73, 75, 391; Rome Statute 72, 73, 451
international human rights law (IHL) 255, 299, 300, 305
international law (IL) 279; American flouting of 453; dictatorships and 453; human rights and 390; neocolonialism and 255; origins of 270; Third World Approaches to (TWAIL) 255, 289–296; Third World critique of 290
International Law and the Third World 290, 292
internment camps, American 197, 198–199, 202
Iraq 150, 451; American forces in 348; American-led war 451, 452; invasion of 3, 6, 472; redacted, declassified documents 109; war crimes and 452; weapons of mass destruction and 452
Iraqi citizens, autopsy reports 109
Irele, Abiola, African Imagination, The 346
Irish Republican Army (IRA) 416
Iriye, Akira, and Goedde, Petra 8
Ishay, Micheline 428
Islamic State (ISIS) 239
Islamist militants see al-Shabaab
Israel 453; border crossing regime 338; conflict with Palestine 374; creation of state 160; declaration of independence (1948) 375; human rights organizations and 374; literature 258, 374–376, 377–378; occupation of Palestinian territories 202; territorial claims in Palestine 375; War on Gaza 75, 235
Israeli Civil Administration 373
Israeli Defense Forces 373
Israeli-Arab war 375
Jackson, Robert 163
Jacobs, Charles 132
Jameson, Fredric, Political Unconscious, The 104
Japan: atomic bombs and 342; photography ban 168; Tokyo Trials 300, 302; US occupation of 168; see also Hiroshima; Nagasaki
Japanese 168; internment of 197, 198–199, 202
Jenkins, H. 240
Jewish-Argentine literature 257–258, 366–368
Jewish-Argentine minority 361–362, 365–368; anti-Semitism 366, 367, 368; disappearances 367; human rights organizations and 367, 368
Jews: concentration camps and 167, 199–200; diaspora 343; murder of 342; Nazi construction of 201; Polish 199–200
Johnson, M. G. and Symonides, J. 300
Jones, Gail 211–212; Sorry 211, 212; “Sorry-In-the-Sky” 211–212
Jordan 6, 31; Zaatari camp 79–80, 79
Jordan, June 151
Joselit, David 111
journalism: ethical philosophy and 15; the five Ws and one H 14, 15, 16–17
Kabera, Eric 216
Kafer, Alison 48
Kagame, Alexis 345
Kagame, Paul 344
kairos 402, 436, 437–438; akairos and 438
Kamra, S. 306
Kangura (magazine) 220
Karzai, Hamid 474
Kawabata, Yasunari 44
Keane, Fergal 348
Kedhri, Adel 90
Keen, Suzanne 414, 418, 423–424, 430
Keenan, T. 319
Kelsey, Penelope Myrtle 392, 394
Kemp, Colonel Richard 476
Keys, Barbara 428
Khalifeh, Sabar, End of Spring (Rabi’Harr) 376–377
Kidd, David and Castano, Emanuele 430
Kincaid, Jamaica 23, 24; Autobiography of My Mother, The 23, 37–44; colonial education 39, 40; cruelty 38, 39; humanism 40, 41, 42; possessive individualism 37, 40; self-awareness 42–43; self-determination, rights and 37, 41; self-possession 38, 39, 40, 42–43
King-Irani, Laurie 292
Kirschner, Luz Angélica 257–258, 361–368
Kiyak, Mely 364
Kohen, A. 447
Kolinsky, E. 363
Konile, Notrose Nobomvu 320–321, 322, 438
KONY 2012 424
Kony, Joseph 75
Korea 197; North Korea 455; South Korea 89
Kosovo 471
Kossew, Sue 212
Koto, Herman 486, 487, 488, 489
Kozol, Wendy 436
Krog, Antjie 256, 319–320, 321–322, 323, 324, 438; Begging to Be Black 320, 322, 323; Country of My Skull 320, 321–322; There Was This Goat 320, 323, 438
Kundera, Milan 445, 494; Book of Laughter and Forgetting, The 445
Kunstlerroman subgenre 97, 100
Lacan, J. 87, 115, 281, 285, 286
LaCapra, Dominick 94, 184, 190
Laclau, Ernesto 27, 28, 34; Emancipations 28
Lafayette, Gilbert du Motier, Marquis de 264
Lally-Tollendal, Gérard de 264, 265
land: indigenous peoples rights to 268–269; Johnson v. M’Intosh 268; Native Americans and 268; Rights of Discovery and 268, 269
language: African proverbs and 499–500; Geneva Convention, interpretation of 6, 306; Igbo language 499, 503, 504; improper usage of 6; inferential 500; narrative and 501; in the US 500; vague 7; Yoruba 499, 502–503
language of human rights 57, 300, 303, 305, 306, 405–411; critique of 406, 407; (dis)articulating barbarous words 409–411; hypocrisy and 406; rhetoric/reality differentiation 405
Laqueur, Thomas 419
Larrère, C. 261
Las Casas, Bartolomé de 274, 280
Laski, Harold I. 22
Latif, Adnan 351–352, 353–355, 356, 357–359
laughter: benefits of 219; perception of 218; primitiveness and 218–219
Lauren, Paul Gordon 127, 254, 428; Evolution of International Human Rights, The 127
League of Nations Temporary Slavery Commission 128
Leahy, Patrick 119
Lebowitz, C. 111
Leebaw, Bronwyn Anne 305
Legofesto website 466
Lemarchand, René 342
Lenin, Vladimir 161
Levinas, Emmanuel 150, 319, 323
LGBTTIQ 53
Liberator (newspaper) 128
Libya, oil concessions 291
Life (magazine) 380
life narratives: human rights and 10, 153, 207, 236, 237, 400; as salable properties 400; see also autobiographical genre; slave narratives; testimonial/witness narratives
Lifshey, Adam 327
Lindqvist, Sven 409
literature: African postcolonial 220; Asian American 197; censorship and 461–462; empathy and 427–431; ethical reading 504–505; freedom of expression and 461–462; human rights and 391–392; human rights bestsellers 383; Israeli 258, 374–376, 377–378; magical realism 257, 335–336; modern 462; Palestinian 258, 374, 376–377; reading, the act of 504–505; role of 401; War on Terror and 473; see also autobiographical genre; Bildungsroman genre; graphic novels; Kunstlerroman subgenre; slave narratives; testimonial/witness narratives; testimonio genre
Lloyd, D. 201
Lloyd, Moya 31
Lloyd, Rachel, Girls Like Us 132
local, the see particular, the
Lockhart, D. B. 366
Löning, Marcus 362
Look of Silence, The (film) 403, 480, 481, 482–483, 487, 490–492; atrocities 493–494; confrontations in 495; fear, effects of 492–493; intimacy 491–492; memory 491
López de Palacios Rubios, Juan 269
Louverture, Toussaint 128
Lutz, Helma 364
Luxemburg, Rosa 310
Lynch, M. 453
Lyon, Arabella 434, 438; Deliberative Acts 438; and Olson, Lester 434
Lyotard, François 27, 32; Postmodern Condition, The 27
Mabanckou, Alain, African Psycho 220
Macbrair, R. M. 219
McClennen, Sophia A. 392; and Moore, A. S. 1–17, 103–108, 253–258; and Morello, H. J. 5; and Slaughter, J. R. 5, 299, 392
McDonnell, Faith, Girl Soldier 132
McKeon, Richard 21–22, 406–407, 434–435
Macklin, Charles 420–421, 422, 423
MacLean, E. and the Open Society Justice Initiative 329
Maldonado-Torres, Nelson 330
Malik, Kenan 476
Malouet, Pierre-Victor 261–263, 264, 265–266
Mam, Somaly 131
Mamdani, Mahmood 346
Mandela, Nelson, Long Walk to Freedom 320
Maritain, Jacques 22
Martinez, Jenny 127
Massachusetts Anti-Slavery Society 126, 129
Mazower, Mark, and Moeller, Robert G. 160
Mbembé, Achille 256; and Meintjes, Libby 338
media networks: control of 459–460; see also social media
mediation, empathy and 415–419
Mehta, Brinda 96
Mehta, Hansa 7
Melamed, Jodi 201
Melvern, L. 341
Merry, Sally Engle 22, 53, 56, 70, 442
Mexican Consulate, Tucson, Arizona 336–337
Mexico 327, 330; conquest of 272–273, 274, 275; drug trafficking 336; human trafficking 336
Mexico-US border migration 333–338
Meyssan, Thierry, Big Lie, The 463
Mickelson, Karin 294
Middle East, human rights and 452, 453
Mignolo, Walter, Darker Side of the Renaissance, The 329
migrants 32, 83; deaths/disappearances of 334–335, 336–337; deportations 334; forced migrations 164; illegalized 148, 150; Mexico-US border and 333–338; US legislation and 333–338; see also immigrants; refugees
Military Commissions Act (US) 6
military interventions: post 9/11 3–4; US and 5–6
Miller, Samuel J. 179
minorities: human rights and 361–368; Jewish-Argentine 361–362, 365–368; national literatures and 257–258; Roma 30; Turkish-German 361–365
Miyoshi, Masao 7
Mohanty, Chandra Talpade 27
Montejo, Victor 145
Moore, Alexandra Schultheis 74; Act of Killing, The 403, 438, 480–481, 485; interview with Oppenheimer 480–497; Look of Silence, The 403, 480, 481, 482–483, 487, 490–494
Moqbel, Samir Naji al Hasan 229
Mordecai, Rachel 420
Morris, David 117
Morsink, Johannes 414, 418, 446
Mortenson, Greg 382
Mounier, Jean-Joseph 264–265, 266
Moyn, Samuel 10, 11, 381, 389, 406; human rights, discontinuity model 428; Last Utopia, The 10, 161; origins of human rights 428–429
Mueller, John 166
Mugo, Micere M. G., African Orature and Human Rights 143
Muhsen, Zana, Sold: A Story of Modern-Day Slavery 128
Mukasonga, Scholastique, Notre dame du nil 348
Mushikiwabo, Louise and Kramer, J. 348
Musil, Robert 441, 442, 448; Man without Qualities, The 442
Mutua, Makau 62, 64, 131, 402, 450–456
Naipaul, V. S. 346
Nakazawa, Keiji 195; Barefoot Gen (Hadashi no Gen) 197; I Saw It 197, 202–203, 203
Narayan, K. 136
narrative, absence of 104, 109–124
National Archives and Records Administration 164, 165
national human rights institutions (NHRIs) 30–31, 33
Native Americans 137, 145, 268, 269, 273; Christianity and 273; natural rights of 279; as “natural slaves” 274; in propaganda play 279; rights of 271, 272; Vega’s depiction of 282–284, 286
NATO 390
natural law: human rights and 164–165, 254, 261, 263; principles of 270–271; violations of 272
Nazi Germany 159, 164; concentration camps 164, 165, 166, 166–167; criminal trials 302; extermination plans 167; genocide 375; ideology of ethnicization 364; Jews and 201; photography and 181
Nelson, Roberto 352
neocolonialism 23, 290, 329; international law and 255; UDHR and 301
Nesiah, Vasuki 292
Netanyahu, Benjamin 235
New York Times 429; Sunday Book Review 357
newspapers/print-media 196
NGOs see nongovernmental organizations
Ngũgĩ, W. T. 389
NHRIs see national human rights institutions
Nicholas V, Pope 269
Nigeria 151; Niger Delta 62, 64, 66–67; proverbs and 499–500
9/11 attacks 3, 453; post-9/11 conferences on human rights 4–5, 9; post-9/11 military interventions 5–6; TWAIL after 9/11 293–294; see also War on Terror
Nobel Peace Prize 10, 246, 446
nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) 31, 33, 451, 455
Normand, R. and Zaidi, S. 381
normativity of human rights 435–438
North Africa 86, 89–90, 92, 361, 453
#NotABugSplat project 107, 224–226, 228
Nott, J. C. and Glidden, G. R. 180
Noyce, Phillip 209
Nwapa, Flora, One is Enough 220
Nzayo, Tsepiso 221
O’Donnell, Catherine 234
Ogada, Ayub 216
oil industry: Libya and 291; in Louisiana 141; Niger Delta and 64
Okafor, Obiora 291, 292, 293, 294, 453
Okubo, Miné 197–199; Citizen 13660 197–198, 198
Oliviero, Katie 72
Olson, A. 151
Ong, Walter 197
Onondaga Historical Association 178
opacité (opaqueness) 25, 96, 99
Opinión, La 367
Oppenheimer, Joshua: Act of Killing, The 403, 438, 480–481, 485; film, importance of 493; interview with Moore, A. S. 480–497; Look of Silence, The 403, 480, 481, 482–483, 487, 490–494; moral responsibility 497
oral traditions 105, 136–145; African 138–139, 145; American Indian 137, 145; European 138; griots and 105, 136, 138, 140–141, 143, 144; impact on literature 137, 138, 139; interdisciplinary scholarship 137; literary analysis of 137; pedagogical tales 139; themes 136, 137, 138–139; tricksters and 143; West African 138
Organization of Islamic Conference (2000) 30
Orient, Otherness of 477
Osbey, Brenda 143
Osgoode Hall Law Journal 255, 290, 293
Oxford Encyclopaedia of Human Rights 174
pagans/paganism 271, 273, 275; land rights and 269
Paglen, Trevor 229
Pakistan: BBDO Pakistan 225–226; India-Pakistan Partition (1947) 299, 301; Khan family, deaths of 225; #NotABugSplat project 107, 224–226; US-led drone strikes 224
Pal, Radha Binod 302
Palach, Jan 89
Palestine: autonomous governance, lack of 373; citizenship 416; deaths of children 75, 235; drone missiles in Gaza 229; expulsions from 82, 375; #GazaUnderAttack 239; human rights organizations and 373, 374; international humanitarian law 374, 376; Israel and 202, 374, 375; land rights 373; literature 258, 374, 376–377; the nakbah 82, 83; nationalism 11, 84; Oslo Accords and 373; population transfer 160; refugees 78; settler colonialism 149; TheWorldStandsWithPalestine site 240; West Bank 373
Palestinian Authority (PA) 373
Palmeri, F. 217
Palumbo-Liu, David 107, 233–241
papal bulls: Alexandrine 271, 275; Inter Caetera 269, 271, 280; Romanus Pontifex 269
pareidolia 106
Parikh, Crystal 48, 51, 257, 258, 380–386
Paris Exposition (1900) 181
Paris Principles 30
particularism 27
particularity 22, 23, 27, 71, 75, 201
Partnoy, Alicia 367
Patton, Paul 323
Peace of Westphalia 443
Pécoud, A. and De Guchteneire, P. 334
Peri Rossi, Cristina, Ship of Fools, The 119, 120
Perniola, Mario 238
perpetrators 94–100; boasting by 480, 481, 482, 483, 484; children of 97–98, 497; cognitive dissonance and 484, 485; confrontations with/fear and 492; forgiveness and 491, 495; heroic rhetoric and 484, 486; ICC and 451; second-generation survivors and 98; survivor narratives and 25, 94; survivors’ confrontation with 495; testimonies of 95; victims and 94, 96, 97, 98, 99; WWII and 168, 170–171
Perry, Elizabeth 310
personhood 23, 24; eligibility for 381; rights of 22; robust forms of 382; ubuntu and 319; UDHR and 319
Philip, M. Nourbese, Zong! 151, 438
Philippines 233
Phillips, Anne 33
Phillips, Caryl, Distant Shore, A 64
photography: daguerreotype 176, 177; as destructive tool 181; human dignity and 106, 174, 176–181; invention of 174–175, 176; #NotABugSplat project 107, 224–226, 228; population control and 177; portraiture 174, 176–177; role of visuality 107, 175; totalitarian regimes and 181
Picasso, Pablo, Guernica 3, 112
Pilkington, Doris (Nugi Garimara), Follow the Rabbit-Proof Fence 209
Pitch Interactive 229
Plath, Sylvia 150
poetry 105, 116–118; Afghan 154–155, 403, 473–475; after 9/11 attacks 471; In Protest: 150 Poems for Human Rights 148, 150; limits of human rights and 471–477; oral poetry 138, 154–155; Poems from Guantánamo: The Detainees Speak 257, 351, 352, 356–358; Poetry after Auschwitz (Gubar) 150; Poetry and Commitment (Rich) 148; Poetry of the Taliban 403, 473–475, 476, 477; Poetry of Witness (Forché and Wu) 152; the poets of Guantánamo 351–359; “Pul-i Charkhi Prison” 474–476; the soldier-poet 355; Taliban fighters and 471, 473–476; see also witness poetry
Polanyi, Karl 311
politics of universalism 279–280; comedy genre and 280–282, 286
Pollis, Adamantia 301; and Schwab, P. 300, 301
pollution: coal-burning power plants 327; oil industry 141; toxic waste 151
population displacements 164–165; see also asylum seekers; immigrants; migrants; refugee camps; refugees
Portugal: Africans and 330; Rights of Discovery 268, 269
possessive individualism 37, 40, 382
postcolonial ambivalence 39
Postcolonial Digital Humanities 393
postcolonial literature 64, 345
postcolonial studies 11–12, 13, 22
postmodern era 7
poverty/the poor 140, 142; in rural China 314; We the Animals case study 49–50
Povinelli, Elizabeth 206, 210, 410
Powell, Colin 3
Powell, Katrina M. 105, 136–145
Powell, Malea 145
Prasetyo, Joseph “Stanley” Adi 490
precarity/precariat 75, 78, 89
Prince, Gerald 115
prisoners: hunger strikes 230; literatures of captivity 186–187; security housing units (SHUs) 229–230; solitary confinement 229–230; see also Abu Ghraib; Guantánamo Bay
property rights 464–465; as collective rights 310; colonialism and 310; monopoly capitalism and 310–311
prosopopeia, role of 106
Pulitzer Prize 193
queer, definitions of 53
race 227
racial caricature 195–196, 197, 218
racial discrimination 29, 57, 150, 367
racism 50, 217; in Argentina 367; structural 364; Turkish Germans and 365
Radhakrishnan, R. 11
Rancière, Jacques 34, 92, 382, 394, 407
Rankin, A. M. and Philip, P. J. 219
Ratele, Kopano 320, 321, 322, 323
Rausig, Sigrid 148
Razack, Sherene 228
refugee camps: at Kenyan border 69; in Dadaab 72; deaths at Kibeho camp 343, 344; dehumanization and 82; idleness, problem of 80; in Jordan 79; in Kivu 80; Tingi Tingi 80, 81
refugees 24, 25; in flight 78–85; German Jewish 82; Guinean boys 83, 84; internally displaced persons (IDPs) 343, 344; international community and 81; narratives/human rights 78–85; Palestinian 78, 82–84, 375; post-WWII displacements 164, 165, 166, 168, 170; Somali 72; statelessness and 84; Syrian 79; UN Convention Relating to the Status of 81, 375; UNHCR and 46–47, 78, 81; US refugee legislation 333; uselessness, effects of 80; Vietnamese 33, 84–85; West African 505–506
regional rights organizations (RRO) 30
Rein, R. 361, 362, 363, 366, 367; and Davidi, E. 363
Rejali, Darius, Torture and Democracy 110–111
religion: freedom of belief 23; human rights and 453
Reprieve (advocacy organization) 225
Reyntjens, Filip 343
rhetorical theory 401, 433–439; kairos and 402, 436, 437–438
Rhodes, Cecil 217
Rials, S. 264
Rich, Ruby 139
Ricoeur, Paul 188
rightslessness, nonstate actors and 30
Ríos Montt, Efraín 328
Robinson, Mary 405
Rodriguez, J. 362
Roma people 30
Romulo, Carlos 7
Roosevelt, Eleanor 7, 442, 443, 445–446, 447
Roosevelt, Franklin D. 159, 161, 255
Rorty, Richard 186, 217, 236–237, 430
Rose, M. A. 216
Ross, F. 410
Roughsey, Labumore Elsie, Aboriginal Mother Tells of the Old and the New, An 209
Roumain, Jacques, Masters of the Dew 96
Rousseau, Jean-Jacques 217, 261, 263, 265, 427, 431
Rudd, Kevin 210
Ruf, Frederick 142
Rukeyser, Muriel 151
Rukun, Adi 483, 491, 492, 495, 496–497
Rukun, Ramli 483, 484, 491, 493, 496
Rumsfeld, Donald 109
Rushdie, Salman 6, 299–300; Midnight’s Children 301, 306
Russell, Bertrand 341
Russia: Crimea and 390, 454; war on Chechyna 453
Rwanda 10, 80, 82, 181, 215, 341–349; Africa United (film) 216; art/culture 345–346; Belgian colonial legacies 343; camps for IDPs 344; divisionism, crime of 220; ethnic politics, polarization of 341–342, 346; genocide 257, 341, 342–343, 451; Gourevitch’s interviewees 346–348; humanizing individuals 346–348; humor, attitude towards 220; Hutus 341, 347; internally displaced persons (IDPs) 343, 344; international response to 343; Kibeho camp, deaths at 343, 344; Kinyarwandan verbal culture 345, 346; literary responses to 348–349; Nyarubuye site 344; Rwandan Patriotic Front 342; “Tutsi Crush” 215; Tutsis 215, 216, 220, 341, 344, 347
Sabatello, Maya, and Schulze, Marianne 46, 47, 48, 51
Sacco, Joe 197; Palestine 201, 201–202
Sadowski-Smith, Claudia 256–257, 333–338
Sage, Jesse and Kasten, Liora 131, 132
Said, Edward 11, 27, 111, 348, 477
Said, Wadie E. 292
Salamanca: School of 270, 275; University of 273–274
Sander, August, Citizens of the 20th Century 181
Sandoval, Chela 390
Sangtin Writers and Nagar, R., Playing with Fire 248–249
Saro-Wiwa, Ken 220
Sassen, Saskia 331
satire see humor/satire
Savu, Laura 62
Scanlon, Mara 150
Scarry, Elaine 42, 122, 368, 392, 399, 431
Schaffer, Kay and Smith, Sidonie 127, 154, 206–207, 240, 245; Human Rights and Narrated Lives 10, 153, 237, 400
Schiller, Friedrich 176, 178, 180
Schumpeter, Joseph 310
Schwenger, P. and Treat, J. W. 202
Scott, J. B. 270
Scott, J. C. 185, 186, 188, 190
Scott, Kim, That Deadman Dance 212
Seck, Sara L. 295
Séhène, Benjamin, Feu sous la soutane, Le 348
Seirlis, J. K. 220
Sekula, Allan 177
self-determination: decolonized nations and 33, 301; denial of right to 107; right to 33, 159, 160, 161
Sen, Amartya 29
Sepúlveda, Juan Ginés de 254, 274, 282
Seu, Irene Bruna 187
sexuality 56; criminalization of 56; queer 49, 53–58; stigmatized 54
Sezgin, Hilal 364
Shakespeare, William 401, 420–421
Shalakany, A. 291
Shanghai Dance Academy 315
Shannon, E. 196
Sharafudeen, M. 294
Shehadeh, Raja, Palestinian Walks 373–374
Shelach, Oz, Picnic Grounds: A Novel in Fragments 376
Shoah, the 149, 150, 328; see also Holocaust, the
Shoneyin, Lola, Secret Lives of Baba Segi’s Wives, The 220
Sidhwa, Bapsi: case study 302–306; Cracking India 255, 299–306
Siebers, Tobin 47
Sikkink, K. 368
Simonsen, Karen-Margrethe 254–255, 279–286
Şimşek, Enver 365
Şimşek, Semiya 365
Singer, Marcus 32
Slaughter, Joseph R. 10, 22, 109–124, 137; autobiography, rights and 319; Bildungsroman genre 40, 185, 186, 190, 300; Human Rights, Inc. 184–185; human rights market 194; incorporation/redescription 188; narrative, absence of 104, 109–124; world literature, human rights and 392
slave narratives 105, 126–133; authenticity and 131–132; Douglass, F. and 177; editing and 131–132; Enslaved: True Stories of Modern Day Slavery 131; modern narratives 129–130, 131–133; political forces and 132
slavery 38, 41, 42; abolitionist movement 126–128; child laborers 128, 129; definition 128, 130; forced labor 128, 129, 130; Fugitive Slave Act 179; legislation and 129; modern-day slaves 105, 128, 129; sex slaves 130, 131; UDHR and 128; United Nations and 128; Zong massacre 151; see also Douglass, Frederick
Sliwinski, Sharon 106, 167, 173–181, 227, 392
Smith, Adam, Theory of Moral Sentiments 419, 421–422
Smith, Anne 31
Smith, Sidonie and Watson, Julia 107–108, 243–250
Snow, C. P. 6
social media 107; community-building and 234; context and 236, 238–240; Facebook 226, 235; human rights and 233–241; humanization and 235–236; Instagram 226; political activism and 233–234, 240; Tumblr 235; Twitter 107, 226, 229, 238–241, 459, 464; YouTube 153, 154, 216, 221
Society for Human Rights (1924–25) 24, 56
Soerjosoemarno, Yapto 488
Somalia: child soldiers in 69, 70, 72; civil war in 69–71; Transitional Federal Government 69
Sornarajah, Muthucumaraswamy 295
Souad, Burned Alive 248
South Africa 33, 451; anti-Apartheid struggle 149; Gugulethu Seven, deaths of 320; Human Rights Violation Hearings 318; settler colonialism 206; stand-up comedy 220–221; TRC testimony 256, 320; Truth and Reconciliation Commission 318, 319–320, 323, 324; ubuntu 256, 319–320, 322, 501; White/Boers 322; writers, TRC and 319–320
South Atlantic Quarterly 4
sovereign nation-states 443, 444
Spain: Catholic Monarchs 274, 282, 284; conquest of Mexico 272–273, 274, 275, 280; Habsburg Monarchy 274; indigenous subjects and 330; justification of conquest 280; New Laws (1542) 274; reconquest of 272, 273; Rights of Discovery and 268, 269; title to the Americas/New World 269–270, 271–272
Spanish Civil War 116
Speke, John Hanning 346
Spiegelman, Art, Maus 106, 189–190, 193, 197, 199–201, 199
Spivak, Gayatri 30, 33, 329, 386; “Can the Subaltern Speak?” 25, 88; et al. 300
Stanford/NYU joint project 229
Stanley, H. M. 219
Stanton, Domna 4–5, 6, 23, 149; and Butler, Judith 4–5, 9; the new universal 27–34; universalism 22, 23
Stavenhagen, Rodolfo 330
Steichen, Edward, Family of Man, The 181
Steiner, H. and Alston, P. 451
stereotypes: African American 139, 144; comedic 500; humor and 107, 216; Jewish 420, 421, 422; Russian Jews 366; Turkish women 363
Stern 365
Stowe, Harriet Beecher, Uncle Tom’s Cabin 217, 399
subaltern protest 88, 89, 90, 91–92
Sunder Rajan, Rajeswari 301
Sutton, B. 367
Swanson Goldberg, Elizabeth see Goldberg, Elizabeth Swanson
Syah, Inong 480, 482, 492, 493–494, 495, 497
sympathy 417; critique of 415, 417; Smith’s definition of 421–422; see also empathy
testimonial/witness narratives 108, 209–210; authenticity and 243; collaborative production of 248–249; collective “I” and 248; collective story 245; cultural specificity 245–246; Guatemalan/Maya Ixil 328–329; “I” witness, configurations of 247–249; “I”-formations, defining 243; Jewish-Argentine 367; Judging a Dictator 328–329; metrics of authenticity 244–246; reading, new paradigm of 249–250; rights discourse, invocation of 244–245; sense of immediacy 244; suspicious reading and 243, 246–247; verification and 247
testimonio genre 12–13, 104, 318–319
Third World 62, 63–64; economic/social/cultural rights (ESCR) 294; international law and 291–292; trade, law and development 294–295
Third World Approaches to International Law (TWAIL) 255, 289–296; post-9/11 293–294; TWAIL II 295
Third World Quarterly 290, 291–292
Thompson, E. P. 311
Timerman, Jacobo 367
Titchener, Edward B. 418
TNCs see transnational corporations
Torres, Justin: case study We are the Animals 49–51; We are the Animals 24, 46
torture 110–111, 454; antinarrative 122; at Abu Ghraib 6, 109; clean techniques of 110, 111; definitions, rewriting of 472; in Guatemala 328; images of 465, 467; invisible methods of 110, 124; methods 109; of prisoners 6; solitary confinement 230, 351; “torture warrants” proposal 472–473; US military and 454; War on Terror and 104; see also Abu Ghraib; genocide; Guantánamo Bay; trauma; violations of human rights
Totten, S. and Parsons, W. 451
Trade, Law and Development 290, 294–295
transgender rights 55
transnational corporations (TNCs) 60, 62, 64, 67, 310
transnational legal advocacy 225
trauma: cross-cultural link 195; perpetrators of 94–100; studies 99, 148; witness poetry 105
trauma fiction 96
trauma theory 42, 148; concept of opacité 25
Treat, John 237
Trujillo, Rafael Leonidas 385–386
Tucker, Margaret, If Everyone Cared 209
Turkish-German literature 257–258, 363–365; issues of identity and 363; life narratives and 363; subject matter 363
Turkish-German minority 361–365; citizenship regulations and 362; Orientalism and 362–363; perception of 364, 365; racist attacks 365; Turkey and 362
Turner, Brian, Here, Bullet 355, 356
Turner, Bryan S. 71
Turner, Nat 128
Tutu, Desmond, Archbishop 319, 320
Tuyuc, Rosalinda 326
Tuyuc Velasquez, Juan de León 326
TWAIL see Third World Approaches to International Law
Twitchell, E. 383
Twitter 107, 226, 229, 238–241, 459, 464
UDHR see Universal Declaration of Human Rights
Umutesi, Marie Béatrice 25, 80–82, 84
UN see United Nations
Undocumented, The (film) 257, 334, 336–338
UNESCO 437; “Human Rights Exhibition” 228; Philosophers’ Committee 7, 434–435, 446–447; Philosophers’ Committee Report 21, 446, 447; UDHR Drafting Committee and 7, 446
United Nations: ad hoc criminal courts 10; Charter 380, 444; Commission on Human Rights 66; Conference on Women in Beijing (1995) 61; Convention against Transnational Organized Crime 334; Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (1979) 29, 391; Convention on the Prevention and Punishment on the Crime of Genocide 341; Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees 81, 375; Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (2006) 24, 46, 47; Declaration Granting Independence to Colonial Countries and Peoples (1960) 29; Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples 268, 330, 447; differential rule 163; domestic jurisdiction clause 381; founding conference 7; Guernica, shrouding of 3; High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) 46–47, 78, 81; human rights and 160, 161, 163; International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination 29; International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (1966) 29, 61, 66, 338; International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (1976) 29, 61, 66; Military Commissions Act 6; nation-state model 161, 163, 165; Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues 330; permanent member states (P5 states) 163; post-WWII world order 161–163; Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking 128; rights of colonized peoples 7; Security Council 444; sovereignty and 163; Supplementary Convention on the Abolition of Slavery 128; visual literacy program 105–106, 163–164; see also Convention on the Rights of the Child (1989); Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948)
United States Supreme Court 6, 358, 464; Boumediene v. Bush 358; Hamdan v. Bush 355; Johnson v. M’Intosh 268; Rasul v. Bush 353, 355
United States (US): 4th Infantry Division, ICE 109; black sites and 6, 111, 113, 454; border crossing regime 338; Border Patrol Search and Rescue 336; capitalist print-media 196; citizenship 333; Clean Air Act 327; Cold War 159, 160–162; Declaration of Independence 136, 445; deportation proceedings 334; Detainee Treatment Act (2005) 355; disability legislation 48–49; Environmental Protection Agency 327; exceptionalism 381, 382; “extraordinary rendition” 6, 408; FBI, Guantánamo Bay notes/records 112, 113; foreign policy 75; Freedom of Information Act 110; Geneva Conventions and 6, 109, 121; homeland security 229, 230; human rights and 428–429; immigration law 333, 338; imperialism 403, 471; indigenous peoples, rights of 268; internment camps in 197, 198–199, 202; Israel and 202; Korean war 197; migration, Mexico-US border 333–338; Military Commissions Act (2006) 355; military interventions 5–6; National Security Archive 111; noncitizens, status of 333; political cartoons 196; prisoner abuse 6; queer human rights 54, 56; racial capitalism 202; racial caricature 195–196; redacted, declassified documents 109, 110; rights given by discovery 268; scholars’ language usage 7; security state, migrants and 256–257; segregation 381; Society for Human Rights 24, 56; Special Forces 75; superpower status 160, 380; “torture warrant” proposal 472–473; UN Charter and 381; war crimes and 452; see also Bush administration; Guantánamo Bay; War on Terror
Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948) 3, 6, 29–30, 61, 136, 207; accountability, demand for 207; adoption of 341; Article 1 444; Article 8 305; Article 11 305; Article 16 383; Article 19 460; capital punishment 30; child removal testimony 207–208; Commission on Human Rights 7; drafting of 7–8, 66, 300, 446; genocide, child removal as 207, 208; human dignity 173–174; Humphrey Draft 446; ICCPR 29, 61, 66; ICESCR 29, 61, 66; immigration and 334; inalienable dignity 173; inalienable universal rights 228; language of 7, 21, 305, 406–407; legal personhood 319; modernity, collapse of 443–444; myth of universality 441, 442, 445–447; neocolonialism and 301; pathos in 402, 444–448; perception of 451; Preamble to 255, 444; slavery and 128; Soviet bloc abstention 160; USSR abstention 160; World War II and 443–444
universalism 22, 23; comedy genre and 281; concrete universalism 28; particulars and 28; the politics of 279–282, 286
universality 21–22, 23, 435; of Eurocentric thinking 329; of human rights 435, 450, 452; human rights regime and 29–31; hyprocrisy and 452–453; myth of 441, 442, 445–447; the new universal 27, 28; versus cultural relativism 8, 22
Urry, J. 394
USSR: Cold War 159, 160–162; Declaration of Rights of the Working and Exploited People 445; imperialism 403; occupation of Afghanistan 474; perception of 475; superpower status 160, 380; UDHR abstention 160
Van Bueren, G. 383
Van Harten, Guy 295
Van Toorn, P. 207
Vargas, Claret 145
Vasey, G., Philosophy of Laughter and Smiling, The 218
Vásquez, J. G., Sound of Things Falling, The 487
Vega, Lope de 255, 279, 280; New World Discovered by Christopher Columbus, The 279, 282–285
victims 170, 410; complex political victim 94, 97, 99; ideal victim 99; perpetrators and 94, 96, 97, 98, 99; stigmatization of 482
Vietnam: immolation and 89; refugees 33, 84–85
Vindex (F. Verschoyle) 217
violations of human rights 25, 166, 170, 409–410; in Afghanistan 474–475; gender-based 301; gendered nature of 60–67; in Guatemala 326–327; justification of 3–4, 453; post-WWII 166, 170; see also Abu Ghraib; genocide; Guantánamo Bay; torture; trauma; war crimes
violence: legitimate 161, 166; legitimate/illegitimate distinction 160, 164; as policy 170; pornography of 139–140; state-sanctioned 227; see also War on Terror
visual culture: of human rights 224–225, 228; human rights visuality 227–228; “Inside Out” project 225; #NotABugSplat project 107, 224–226, 228
visual literacy 159–172; distance dynamic 168; UN program 105–106; us/them distinction 168
visuality, role of 107
Vitoria, Francisco de 270, 273, 274; conquest as “unjust war” 272–273; “De Indis” lectures 270, 271, 272; “De Jure Belli” lectures 270; rights of Native Americans 271, 279; Spain’s rights to the New World 271–272
Voltaire, 217
vulnerability 24–25, 43, 44, 51; child soldiers and 69–72, 73–74; concept of 71; critical theorists and 72; “embodied vulnerability” 71; feminist legal scholars and 71, 72; heuristic/norm/exception 71–72; as legal concept 74; theory 75
Vulnerability and Human Condition Initiative 71
Walk Free Foundation 128
Walker, Alice 392
Wallerstein, Immanuel 6, 292, 329
Walzer, Belinda 401–402, 433–439
war: Chechyna and 453; Israeli War on Gaza 75, 229, 235; Israeli-Arab war 375; Second Sino-Japanese War 95; see also Afghanistan; child soldiers; Cold War; War on Terror; World War I; World War II
war crimes 452; see also atomic bombings; genocide; Holocaust, the
War on Terror 28, 104, 148, 202, 224, 436; analysis of 293–294; data visualization of drone strikes 229; dehumanization and 229; homeland security 229–230; homeland visuality 226–227; human rights and 453, 454; human rights violations 475–476; literature and 473; raciality of 229; UN authority, circumventing 475; US-led drone strikes 224, 225, 226–228, 452
Ward, Glenyse, Wandering Girl 209
Warhol, R. 115
Washington, Booker T. 129
Weine, Stevan, Testimony after Catastrophe 150, 152
Weiss, P. 378
Wertham, Fredric 197
West Africa 138; Afikpo, Nigeria 499, 500, 501–502, 505; beauty, concepts of 502–503; Biafran-Nigerian Civil War 505; birth methods/rituals 502; children, naming of 504; Igbo language 499, 503, 504; Igbo people 503, 505; proverbs 499–500; refugees 505–506; satire in songs 218; walking gracefully 502; Yoruba art 503; Yoruba language 499, 502, 503
West, the: dictatorships and 452; double standards/hypocrisy of 452; human rights movement and 451–452; human-rights-themed comics and 194, 195, 201–202; in Taliban poetry 473
Westerbeck, C. 180
Whitlock, Gillian 106–107, 206–212, 246
Whitney Museum of American Art 109, 110, 114
Widodo, Joko 491
Wilkie, M. 208
Williams, Marco 257, 334, 335, 336, 337, 338
Williams, Randall 194, 195, 202, 228
Williams, Raymond 174
Wilson, M. 111
Wilson, Peter H. 443
Wilson, R. A. 447
Winant, Howard 197
Winckelmann, Johann Joachim 176
Winnemucca, Sarah 145
witness narratives see testimonial/witness narratives
witness poetry 105, 148–155; activism 150, 154; cultural studies approaches 150, 153, 155; dialogic approach 150, 151; expansionist approach 151; framework 149–152; Harlem Renaissance 151; oral poetry 154–155; proxy witness 150; readers as tertiary witnesses 150; secondary witnesses 150, 151; short lyric poems 151; testimonial approaches to 150, 151; testimonial frameworks 152–153, 154; transnational anthology of 149; trauma aesthetic 153; vernacular modernism 151, 154; witnesses/forms/modes 149–152
Wolfe, P. 206
women: Afghan women 3, 154–155, 436, 474; CEFDW and 29, 391; discrimination and 29, 391; feminism 53, 364, 465; feminist legal scholars 71, 72; global violence and 60; honor killing of 31, 245, 248, 363; Muslim 364; pornography and 465–466, 467; violence against in India 301
women’s rights: Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action 61; as human rights 53, 55, 61–62, 436; private sphere violations 61; public sphere violations 61; UN Conference, Beijing (1995) 61
Wong, Rita, Forage 151
Woolf, Virginia 175
Wordsworth, William 427; and Coleridge, Samuel T. 427
Works Progress Administration (WPA) 127, 128
World War I 443
World War II 105, 159, 168, 443–444; American internment camps 197, 198–199, 202; criminal tribunal system and 302; ending of 170; new world order and 161–163; poetry 152; post-war settlement 444; post-WWII nation-state model 161; power relations post-war 380; see also atomic bombings; Holocaust, the
Yizhar, S., Khirbet Khizeh 374–376
Yousafzai, Malala 246
Zelizer, Barbie, Remembering to Forget 166–167
Zimbabwe 453