Adams, Abigail, 98
Adams, John
Benjamin Franklin and, 78–79, 81
Declaration of Independence and, 80
peace treaty negotiations and, 94, 95
on William Franklin, 64
Adams, Sam, 78
Addison, Joseph, 11
Albany Plan, 57
America. See also colonies
colonial, 55–56
as symbol, 83
American Philosophical Society, 40
American Revolution
Declaration of Independence and, 80–82
events leading to, 66–75
France during, 82–95
peace negotiations and, 93–95
spies during, 87
Articles of Confederation, 109
atoms, 43
The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin (Franklin), 72, 100, 111, 113
Bache, Benjamin Franklin, 70, 83, 97–98, 106
Bache, Richard, 70
balloons, 98–100
Bancroft, Edward, 87
bifocals, 101
books, 10–11
Boston, 3
Boston Latin School, 6
Boston Tea Party, 73
Braddock, Edward, 57
Bradford, Andrew, 18, 24–25, 27
Bray, Thomas, 108
Britain
actions leading to American Revolution by, 66–75
Franklin’s time in, 22–23, 59–66, 70
peace negotiations with, 93–95
Bunyan, John, 10
Burnet, William, 21
Bute, Lord, 64
Charles, Jacques, 98
Charles II, 19
Church of England, 3
Coercive Acts, 75
colonies
prosperity in, 55–56
color, heat and, 38
conductors, 43
Congress (U.S.), 110
Constitutional Convention, 109–111
Continental Army, 78
Continental Congress, 78–82
Copley Medal, 51
d’Alibard, Thomas-François, 48
Dartmouth, Lord, 72
Declaration of Independence, 80–82
Declaratory Act, 69
Defoe, Daniel, 10
Deism, 10
Dogood, Silence, 13–15
eagles, 102
education
female, 39
of slaves, 108
Edwards, Jonathan, 38
electrical experiments, 47–53
electrical parties, 40–41
electrons, 43
England. See Britain
Enlightenment, 40
Europeans, 98
exercise, 71
Experiments and Observations on Electricity (Franklin), 47–48
“Father Abraham’s Speech” (Franklin), 59
fireplaces, 41
fire protection, 38
Folger, Abiah. See Franklin, Abiah
Folger, Peter, 2–3
France
adoration of Franklin in, 83–84, 86, 89–90, 98, 114
American Revolution and, 82–95
Franklin’s time in, 82–91
Franklin, Abiah, 2–3
Franklin, Anne, 1–2
Franklin, Benjamin
arrival in Philadelphia, 17–20
business success of, 34–35
childhood of, 1–6
as colonial agent, 71–72
at Constitutional Convention, 109–111
death of, 114
declining health of, 107, 109–110, 113
disillusionment of, with English, 75
education of, 6–7
electricity experiments by, 48–53
final years of, 111–115
in France, 82–91
frugality of, 5
as gentleman, 44–46
industriousness of, 24–25
inventions by, 41, 51–53, 62, 101, 107
life plan by, 37
as loyalist, 95
peace negotiations by, 93–95
popularity of, with French, 83–84, 86, 89–90, 98, 114
portraits of, 60
printing business of, 24–25, 34–35
before Privy Council, 73–75
reading by, 10–11
return of, to America, 77–78, 104–107
at Second Continental Congress, 78–82
as Silence Dogwood, 13–15
Franklin, Deborah Read
courtship between Franklin and, 20, 22–23
death of, 75
declining health of, 70
defense of home by, 67
gifts sent to, 69–70
marriage to, 27–28
Franklin, Francis Folger, 28
Franklin, James, 9, 11–12, 15, 20, 38
Franklin, Jane, 3
Franklin, Sally, 39, 58, 65, 70, 90, 106, 113
Franklin, William
in England, 59
during French and Indian War, 58
as loyalist, 79
promotion of, by father, 46
relationship with father of, 28, 79, 95, 104
as royal governor, 64
Franklin Society, 113
Freemasons, 34
French and Indian War, 56–58, 87
French language, 88
Galloway, Joseph, 100
games, marbles, 6
gentlemen, 44–46
gout, 92
gravestone, 115
Great Awakening, 38–39
Grenville, George, 66–67
Gulf Stream, 104–105
Hadley, John, 62
Hamilton, Alexander, 110
Hancock, John, 81
Handel, George Frideric, 62
Harvard University, 14
heat, color and, 38
Helvéius, Anne-Catherine, 98
Hillsborough, Lord, 71–72
Holmes, Robert, 20
House of Representatives, 110
Howe, Richard, 82
Hughes, John, 67
Hume, David, 60
Hunter, William, 56
Hutchinson, Thomas, 57,
72–73
indentured servants, 19
inoculation, 13
insulators, 43
Intolerable Acts, 75
inventions, 41
James, Abel, 100
Jefferson, Thomas, 80, 102, 104
Laurens, John, 91
Leather Apron Club, 28
lightning rods, 51–53, 72, 105
Livingston, Robert, 80
Locke, John, 10
magnetism, 102
Market Street home, 106–107
marriage, 27–28
mastodon bones, 66
medicine, 101–102
Mesmer, Friedrich, 101–102
mesmerists, 101–102
militia, 58
Monroe, James, 104
Montgolfier, Jacques-Éienne, 98–99
Montgolfier, Michel, 98–99
music, 62
Native Americans, 56–57
natural philosophy, 40–41
New England Courant (newspaper), 11–13, 15
newspapers, 11–12
Newton, Isaac, 47
Nollet, Abb?Jean-Antoine, 42, 51
paleontology, 66
paper mills, 35
paper money, 25
Parliament, 68–69
Paxton Boys, 65
Pennsylvania Academy, 46
Pennsylvania Assembly, 46, 57, 63
Pennsylvania Gazette (newspaper), 25, 27, 34
Pennsylvania Hospital, 47
Pitt, William, 75
Plutarch, 10
political cartoons, 57
Poor Richard: An Almanack, 34, 35, 58–59
Powell, Elizabeth, 111
Priestley, Joseph, 60
Prince, Thomas, 52–53
Puritans, 3
Ralph, James, 22–23
Read, Deborah. See Franklin, Deborah Read
Read, John, 20
Revolutionary War. See American Revolution
rising sun, 111
Royal Society, 62
satires, 74
science, 40–41
scientific experiments, 47–53, 71
Scotland, 62
Second Continental Congress, 78–82
Senate, 110
Sherman, Roger, 80
Shipley, Georgianna, 73
Silence Dogood, 13–15
smallpox, 12–13
Smith, Adam, 60
Socrates, 10
Socratic method, 10–11
Spencer, Archibald, 40–41
spies, 87
Stamp Act, 66–69
Stamp Act Congress, 67
Steele, Richard, 11
Stiles, Ezra, 115
stove, 41
Strahan, William, 60
taxes, on colonies, 66–69, 71, 73
Temple, William
Benny and, 98
in France, 83 inheritance of, 113
as peace commissioner, 95
promotion of, by Franklin, 103–104
Those Who Would Remove to America (Franklin), 98
Townshend duties, 71
turkeys, 102
Union Fire Company, 38
University of Pennsylvania, 46, 106
U.S. Constitution, 110–111
van Marum, Martinus, 102–103
Vaughan, Benjamin, 100
Vergennes, Comte de, 87, 93, 94
Washington, George, 56, 78, 79, 109, 113–114
Watts, Isaac, 3
The Way to Wealth (Franklin), 59, 84
Wedderburn, Alexander, 74
Whatley, George, 115
Whitefield, George, 39
will, 113