Mussolini's War: Fascist Italy's Military Struggles from Africa and Western Europe to the Mediterranean and Soviet Union 1935-45

Notes

Introduction: The First Casualty of War

1.	Cassels, Alan, Fascism, NY: Thomas Y. Crowell, 1975.
2.	Hayward, James, Myths and Legends of the Second World War, Stroud: Sutton Publishing, 2005.
3.	Bradford, Ernle, Siege: Malta, 1940-1943, Barnsley: Pen and Sword Military Classics, 2003.
4.	Haining, Peter, The Chianti Raiders: The Extraordinary Story Of The Italian Air Force In The Battle Of Britain, London: Anova Books, 2005.
5.	Deakin, F.W., Brutal Friendship: Mussolini, Hitler and the Fall of Italian Fascism, London: Phoenix Press, 2000.

1 Crossing a 20th Century Rubicon

1.	Gregor, James A., Young Mussolini and the Intellectual Origins of Fascism, Berkeley CA: University of California Press, 1979.
2.	Payne, Stanley G., Fascism: Comparison and Definition, Milwaukee WI: University of Wisconsin Press, 1980.
3.	Biagi, Enzo, editor, Storia del Fascismo, Florence: Sadea-Della Volpe, 1964.
4.	Waldman, Victor, Mussolini, Chicago IL: Hollingsdale Press, 1949.
5.	Mussolini, Benito, Mussolini Memoirs, 1942-1943, London: Phoenix Press, 2000.
6.	Elson, Robert T., Prelude to War, World War II, Alexandria VA: Time-Life Books, 1977.
7.	Troege, Walter, European Front, NE: Preuss, 2008.
8.	Gregor, James A., Italian Fascism and Developmental Dictatorship, Princeton NJ: Princeton University Press, 1979.
9.	9. Haining, Peter, The Chianti Raiders: The Extraordinary Story Of The Italian Air Force In The Battle Of Britain, London: Anova Books, 2005.
10.	Mussolini, Benito, Mussolini Memoirs, 1942-1943, London: Phoenix Press, 2000.
11.	Smith, Dennis Mack, Mussolini, London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1981.
12.	Waldman, Victor, Mussolini, Chicago IL: Hollingsdale Press, 1949.
13.	Encyclopedia Britannica, Macropedia Volume 12, Chicago IL: The University of Chicago, Encyclopedia Britannica, Inc., 1981.
14.	Del Valle, P.A., Roman Eagles over Ethiopia, Harrisburg PA: Military Service Publishing Company, 1940.
15.	Baer, George W., The Coming of the Italian-Ethiopian War, Cambridge MA: Harvard University Press, 1967.
16.	Barker, A.J., The Italo-Ethiopian War, 1935-36, London: Cassell, 1968.
17.	Coffey, T.M., Lion By The Tail: The Story of the Italian-Ethiopian War, London: Hamish Hamilton, 1974.
18.	De Bono, Marshal, Anno XIII: The Conquest of an Empire, London: Cresset Press, 1937.
19.	Bosworth, R.J.B., Mussolini, NY: Hodder Arnold, 2002.
20.	Waldman, Victor, Mussolini, Chicago IL: Hollingsdale Press, 1949.
21.	Arnold, A.C., “Italo-Abyssinian Campaign”, Royal United Services Institution Journal, February 1937, pp 71-88.
22.	Del Boca, Angelo, The Ethiopian War, Chicago IL: University of Chicago Press, 1969.
23.	Pinza, Ezio, Ezio Pinza: An Autobiography, NY: Ayer Co Pub, 1977.
24.	Boddy, Kasia, Boxing: A Cultural History, NY: Reaktion Books, 2009.
25.	Baker, Jean-Claude, Josephine Baker: The Hungry Heart, NY: Cooper Square Press, 2001.
26.	Smith, Dennis Mack, Mussolini, London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1981.
27.	Bosworth, R.J.B., Mussolini, NY: Hodder Arnold, 2002.
28.	Nicolle, David, The Italian Invasion of Abyssinia 1935-36, Oxford: Osprey Publishing, 1997.
29.	Ibid.
30.	Parducci, A., “Askaris: The Story of Italian Colonial Troops”, Rome: Coorte, Vol. 1, Issue 9, 1999.
31.	Polson Newman, E.W., Italy’s Conquest of Abyssinia, London: Thornton Butterworth, 1937.
32.	Schwab, Peter, editor, Ethiopia and Haile Selassie, NY: Facts On File, Inc., 1972.
33.	Barker, A.J., The Italo-Ethiopian War, 1935-36, London: Cassell, 1968.
34.	De Bono, Marshal, Anno XIII: The Conquest of an Empire, London: Cresset Press, 1937.
35.	Starace, A., La marcia su Gondar, Milan: A. Mondadori, 1937.
36.	Pedriali, Ferdinando, Stato Maggiore Aeronautica – Ufficio Storico, L’aeronautica Italiana nelle guerre coloniali – Guerra Etiopica 1935 – 1936 (Italian Aviation in the colonial wars – Ethiopian War 1935 – 1936), Rome : Stato Maggiore Aeronautica – Ufficio Storico, 1997.
37.	Polson Newman, E.W., Italy’s Conquest of Abyssinia, London: Thornton Butterworth, 1937.
38.	De Bono, Marshal, Anno XIII: The Conquest of an Empire, London: Cresset Press, 1937.
39.	Il Duce! Songs of Italian Fascism 1922-1943, Oakleaf Records, U.S. (NJ), #OAK-CD-302-01.
40.	Smith, Dennis Mack, Mussolini, London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1981.
41.	Mockler, Anthony, Haile Selassie’s War, NY: Signal Books, 2003.

2 Flying Rats

1.	Waldman, Victor, Mussolini, Chicago IL: Hollingsdale Press, 1949.
2.	Ibid.
3.	Hitler, Adolf, Hitler’s Table Talk 1941-1944, NY: Enigma Books, 2002.
4.	Smith, Dennis Mack, Mussolini, London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1981.
5.	Waldman, Victor, Mussolini, Chicago IL: Hollingsdale Press, 1949.
6.	Mussolini, Benito, Mussolini Memoirs, 1942-1943, London: Phoenix Press, 2000.
7.	Peers, E. Allison, The Spanish Tragedy, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1936.
8.	Mondey, David, A Concise Guide to Axis Aircraft of World War II, Middlesex: Temple Press, 1984.
9.	Gooch, John, Mussolini and his Generals: The Armed Forces and Fascist Foreign Policy, 1922-1940, Cambridge: Cambridge Military Histories, Cambridge University Press, 2007.
10.	Edwards, Jerome E., Foreign Policy of Col. McCormick’s Tribune 1929-1941, Reno NV: University of Nevada Press, 1971.

3 A Modern gallic War

1.	Waldman, Victor, Mussolini, Chicago IL: Hollingsdale Press, 1949.
2.	Encyclopedia Britannica, Macropedia Volume 12, U.S. (IL): The University of Chicago, Encyclopedia Britannica, Inc., 1981.
3.	Mussolini, Benito, Mussolini Memoirs, 1942-1943, London: Phoenix Press, 2000.
4.	Fox Movie-tone Newsreel, ‘Special’, 6 July, 1930.
5.	Mussolini, Benito, Mussolini Memoirs, 1942-1943, London: Phoenix Press, 2000.
6.	Ibid.
7.	Buchanan, Patrick J., Churchill, Hitler, and “The Unnecessary War”: How Britain Lost Its Empire and the West Lost the World, NY: Three Rivers Press; Reprint edition, 2009.
8.	Mussolini, Benito, Mussolini Memoirs, 1942-1943, London: Phoenix Press, 2000.
9.	Ibid.
10.	Ibid.
11.	Tomes, Jason Hunter, King Zog of Albania, NY: NY University Press, 2003.
12.	Ibid.
13.	Ibid.
14.	Ibid.
15.	Ibid.
16.	Edwards, Jerome E., Foreign Policy of Col. McCormick’s Tribune 1929-1941, Reno NV: University of Nevada Press, 1971.
17.	Mussolini, Benito, Mussolini Memoirs, 1942-1943, London: Phoenix Press, 2000.
18.	Ibid.
19.	Ibid.
20.	Baker, Nicholson, Human Smoke, The Beginnings of World War II, the End of Civilization, NY: Simon & Schuster, 2008.
21.	Ibid.
22.	Mussolini, Benito, Mussolini Memoirs, 1942-1943, London: Phoenix Press, 2000.
23.	Ibid.
24.	The Marshall Cavendish Illustrated Encyclopedia of World War Two, Volume 2, NY: Marshall Cavendish, 1985.
25.	Mussolini, Benito, Mussolini Memoirs, 1942-1943, London: Phoenix Press, 2000.
26.	Brinkley, Doug, An American Sees the New Germany, NE: Preuss, 2001.
27.	Ciano, Galeazzo, Diary, 1937 to 1943, London: Heinemann, 1958.
28.	Mussolini, Romano, My Father, Il Duce, NY: Random House, 2006.
29.	Mussolini, Benito, Mussolini Memoirs, 1942-1943, London: Phoenix Press, 2000.
30.	Gibson, Alexander, The Roots of World War Two, CA: Trundle Press, 1955.
31.	Farrell, Nicholas, Mussolini: A New Life, London: Phoenix, 2005.
32.	Ibid.
33.	Smith, Jean Edward, FDR, NY: Random House Trade Paperbacks, 2008.
34.	Baker, Nicholson, Human Smoke, The Beginnings of World War II, the End of Civilization, NY: Simon & Schuster, 2008.
35.	Ibid.
36.	Jackson, Robert, Air War Over France, London: Ian Allan, 1974.
37.	Ciano, Galeazzo, Diary, 1937 to 1943, London: Heinemann, 1958.
38.	Klibansky, Raymond, editor, Mussolini Memoirs, London: Orion Publishing Group, Ltd., 2000 reprint of the 1949 original released by Weidenfeld & Nicolson (London).

4 King Of beasts by The Tail

1.	Mallett, Robert, Mussolini and the Origins of the Second World War, 1933-1940, Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2003.
2.	Finaldi, Giuseppe, Mussolini and Italian Fascism, NY: Longman, 2008.
3.	Kesselring, Albert, The Memoirs of Field-Marshal Kesselring, London: Greenhill Books, 2007.
4.	Haining, Peter, The Chianti Raiders: The Extraordinary Story Of The Italian Air Force In The Battle Of Britain, London: Anova Books, 2005.
5.	Ibid.
6.	Dunning, Chris, Courage Alone: The Italian Air Force, 1940-1943, Aldershot: Hikoki, 1998.
7.	Vergnano, P., Fiat Fighters, 1930-1945, Genoa: Intyrama, 1969.
8.	Shores, Christopher, Regia Aeronautica: A Pictorial History of the Italian Air Force, 1940-1943, Warren MI: Squadron Signal, 1976.
9.	Haining, Peter, The Chianti Raiders: The Extraordinary Story Of The Italian Air Force In The Battle Of Britain, London: Anova Books, 2005.
10.	Sgarlato, N., Italian Aircraft in World War Two, NY: Delta, 1979.
11.	Apostolo, Giorgio, and Massimello, Italian Aces of World War 2 (Osprey Aircraft of the Aces No 34), Oxford: Osprey, 2004.
12.	Thompson, Jonathan W., Italian Civil and Military Aircraft, 1930-1945, NY: Aero Publishers, 1963.
13.	Haining, Peter, The Chianti Raiders: The Extraordinary Story Of The Italian Air Force In The Battle Of Britain, London: Anova Books, 2005.
14.	Ibid.

5 Snatching defeat from the Jaws of Victory

1.	Hart, B.H. Liddell, Scipio Africanus, Greater Than Napoleon, NY: Da Capo Press,1994.
2.	Farrell, Nicholas, Mussolini: A New Life, London: Phoenix, 2005.
3.	Trye, Rex, Mussolini’s Afrika Korps: The Italian Army in North Africa, 1940-1943, NY: Axis Europa Books, 1992.
4.	Mussolini, Benito, Mussolini Memoirs, 1942-1943, London: Phoenix Press, 2000.
5.	Ibid.
6.	Klibansky, Raymond, editor, Mussolini Memoirs, London: The Orion Publishing Group, Ltd., 2000 reprint of the 1949 original released by Weidenfeld & Nicolson (London).
7.	Mussolini, Benito, Mussolini Memoirs, 1942-1943, London: Phoenix Press, 2000.
8.	Ibid.
9.	Deakin, Friedrich W., The Brutal Friendship: Mussolini, Hitler and the Fall of Italian Fascism, NY: Harper & Row, 1962.
10.	Ridley, Jasper, Mussolini: A Biography, NY: Cooper Square Press, 2000.
11.	Mussolini, Benito, Mussolini Memoirs, 1942-1943, London: Phoenix Press, 2000.
12.	Trye, Rex, Mussolini’s Afrika Korps: The Italian Army in North Africa, 1940-1943, NY: Axis Europa Books, 1992.
13.	Knox, McGregor, Hitler’s Italian Allies: Royal Armed Forces, Fascist Regime, and the War of 1940-1943, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000.
14.	Walker, Ian, Iron Hulls Iron Hearts: Mussolini’s Elite Armoured Divisions in North Africa, Marlborough: The Crowood Press, 2006.
15.	Madej, W. Victor, Italian Army Order of Battle: 1940-1944, Allentown PA: Valor Publishing Company, 1987.
16.	Neulen, Hans Werner, In the Skies of Europe, Air Forces allied to the Luftwaffe, 1939-1945, Marlborough: The Crowood Press, 2005.
17.	Trye, Rex, Mussolini’s Afrika Korps: The Italian Army in North Africa, 1940-1943, NY: Axis Europa Books, 1992.
18.	Jowett, Philip S., The Italian Army, 1940-45, Oxford: Osprey Publishing, 2000.
19.	Mussolini, Romano, My Father, Il Duce, NY: Random House, 2006.
20.	Author’s personal correspondence
21.	Vasta, Salvatore, “‘M’ Battalions: the Duce’s Own”, Rome, Coorte, Vol. 1, Issue 7, 2000.
22.	Burgwyn, James H., Empire on the Adriatic, Mussolini’s Conquest of Yugoslavia 1941–1943, NY: Enigma Books, 2005.

6 desert Fox In A Henhouse

1.	Pitt, Barrie, History of the Second World War – Rommel: The Desert Fox (Part 13), NY: Marshall Cavendish USA Ltd., 1973.
2.	Neulen, Hans Werner, In the Skies of Europe, Air Forces allied to the Luftwaffe, 1939-1945, Marlborough: The Crowood Press, 2005.
3.	Generalkommando des Deutschen Afrikakorps, editors, Marsch und Kampf des Deutschen Afrikakorps, Band I, Munich: Carl Röhrig Verlag, 1941.
4.	Kitchen, Martin, Rommel’s Desert War: Waging World War II in North Africa, 1941-1943, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2009.
5.	Apostolo, Giorgio, and Massimello, Italian Aces of World War 2 (Osprey Aircraft of the Aces No 34), Oxford: Osprey, 2004.
6.	Mussolini, Benito, Mussolini Memoirs, 1942-1943, London: Phoenix Press, 2000.
7.	Churchill, Winston S., The Churchill War Papers: The Ever Widening War, Volume 3: 1941, NY: W.W. Norton & Co., 2001.
8.	Irving, David, Churchill’s War Volume II: Triumph in Adversity, London: Focal Point Publications, 2001.

7 Mare Nostro

1.	Bragadin, Marc’ Antonio, Commander (R), Italian Navy, The Italian Navy in World War II, translated by Gale Hoffman, Annapolis MD: United States Naval Institute, 1957.
2.	www.regiamarina.com.
3.	Churchill, Winston S., The Churchill War Papers: The Ever Widening War, Volume 3: 1941, NY: W.W. Norton & Co., 2001.
4.	Horsley, Terrence, Find, Fix and Strike, London: Eyre and Spottiswoode, 1943.

8 The Duce’s dolphins

1.	Legnani, Admiral Antonio, http://www.regiamarina.net/subs/documents/subs_1941/1941_us.htm.
2.	Jackson, Robert, Submarines of the World, London: Amber Books, 2000.
3.	Legnani, Admiral Antonio, http://www.regiamarina.net/subs/documents/subs_1941/1941_us.htm.
4.	Jackson, Robert, Submarines of the World, London: Amber Books, 2000.
5.	Sanzio, Raffaele, http://www.regiamarina.net/subs/people/stories/sanzio_us.htm
6.	Jackson, Robert, Submarines of the World, London: Amber Books, 2000.
7.	http://www.valoratsea.com/subwar.htm.
8.	http://www.2worldwar2.com/submarines.htm.
9.	Daneo, Mario, http://www.regiamarina.net/subs/people/stories/daneo_us.htm
10.	http://www.regiamarina.net/subs/people/commanders/feciadicossato/feciadicossato_us.htm

9 Hercules Spurned

1.	Bragadin, Marc’ Antonio, Commander (R), Italian Navy, The Italian Navy in World War II, translated by Gale Hoffman, Annapolis MD: United States Naval Institute, 1957.
2.	Trye, Rex, Mussolini’s Afrika Korps: The Italian Army in North Africa, 1940-1943, NY: Axis Europa Books, 1992.
3.	Kesselring, Albert, The Memoirs of Field-Marshal Kesselring, London: Greenhill Books, 2007.
4.	Sadkovich, James J., “Of Myths and Men: Rommel and the Italians in North Africa, 1940-1942”, The International History Review, XIII, May 1991.
5.	Degrelle, Leon, Epic: The Story of the Waffen SS, Costa Mesa CA: Institute for Historical Review, 1983.
6.	Pitt, Barrie, History of the Second World War – Rommel: The Desert Fox (Part 13), NY: Marshall Cavendish USA Ltd., 1973.
7.	Manvell, Roger and Fraenkel, Heinrich, The Canaris Conspiracy, The Secret Resistance to Hitler in the German Army, NY: Pinnacle Books, 1969.
8.	Boyar, Jane, Hitler Stopped By Franco, NY: Marbella House, 2001.
9.	Hitler, Adolf, Hitler’s Table Talk 1941-1944, NY: Enigma Books, 2002.
10.	Sadkovich, James J., “Of Myths and Men: Rommel and the Italians in North Africa, 1940-1942”, The International History Review, XIII, May 1991.
11.	Bragadin, Marc’ Antonio, Commander (R), Italian Navy, The Italian Navy in World War II, translated by Gale Hoffman, Annapolis MD: United States Naval Institute, 1957.
12.	Neulen, Hans Werner, In the Skies of Europe, Air Forces allied to the Luftwaffe, 1939-1945, Marlborough: The Crowood Press, 2005.
13.	Mussolini, Benito, Mussolini Memoirs, 1942-1943, London: Phoenix Press, 2000.
14.	Singh, Simon, The Code Book, The Science of Secrecy from Ancient Egypt to Quantum Cryptography, NY: Anchor Books, Random House, 1999.
15.	Mikkelson, Robert, Reinhard Heydrich, NE: Preuss Press, 1995.
16.	Pitt, Barrie, History of the Second World War – Rommel: The Desert Fox (Part 13), NY: Marshall Cavendish USA Ltd., 1973.

10 Unacknowledged Victory

1.	Bragadin, Marc’ Antonio, Commander (R), Italian Navy, The Italian Navy in World War II, translated by Gale Hoffman, Annapolis MD: United States Naval Institute, 1957.
2.	Thompson, Robert, The Struggle for the Mediterranean, 1940-1944, OH: Campbell Publishers, 1950.
3.	Bragadin, Marc’ Antonio, Commander (R), Italian Navy, The Italian Navy in World War II, translated by Gale Hoffman, Annapolis MD: United States Naval Institute, 1957.
4.	Ibid.
5.	www.regiamarina.com.
6.	Thompson, Robert, The Struggle for the Mediterranean, 1940-1944, OH: Campbell Publishers, 1950.
7.	Ibid.
8.	Ibid.
9.	www.regiamarina.com.
10.	Ibid.
11.	Waldman, Victor, Mussolini, Chicago IL: Hollingsdale Press, 1949.
12.	Ibid.
13.	Woelfle, Gretchen, Jeannette Rankin: Political Pioneer, Honesdale PA: Calkins Creek Books, 2007.
14.	Waldman, Victor, Mussolini, Chicago IL: Hollingsdale Press, 1949.
15.	Fox movie-tone news, ‘Special’, 19 April 1930.
16.	Ibid.

11 Sunshine from Italy

1.	Chuikov, Vasili I., Battle for Stalingrad, NY: Ballantine Books, 1968.
2.	Waldman, Victor, Mussolini, Chicago IL: Hollingsdale Press, 1949.
3.	Ibid.
4.	Mussolini, Benito, Mussolini Memoirs, 1942-1943, London: Phoenix Press, 2000.
5.	Jowett, Philip S., The Italian Army, 1940-45, Oxford: Osprey Publishing, 2000.
6.	Mussolini, Benito, Mussolini Memoirs, 1942-1943, London: Phoenix Press, 2000.
7.	Neulen, Hans Werner, In the Skies of Europe, Air Forces allied to the Luftwaffe, 1939-1945, Marlborough: The Crowood Press, 2005.
8.	Mussolini, Benito, Mussolini Memoirs, 1942-1943, London: Phoenix Press, 2000.
9.	Ibid.
10.	Jowett, Philip S., The Italian Army, 1940-45, Oxford: Osprey Publishing, 2000.
11.	Mussolini, Benito, Mussolini Memoirs, 1942-1943, London: Phoenix Press, 2000.
12.	Ibid.
13.	Adams, Henry, World War Two: Italy at War, Alexandria VA: Time-Life, Inc., 1982.
14.	Vasta, Salvatore, “‘M’ Battalions: the Duce’s Own”, Rome, Coorte, Vol. 1, Issue 7, 2000.
15.	Ibid.
16.	Mussolini, Benito, Mussolini Memoirs, 1942-1943, London: Phoenix Press, 2000.
17.	Hoyt, Edwin P., 199 Days: The Battle for Stalingrad, NY: Forge Books, 1999.
18.	Chuikov, Vasili I., Battle for Stalingrad, NY: Ballantine Books, 1968.
19.	Coraja, Santi, translated by R.L. Miller, Hitler and Mussolini, NY: Enigma Books, 1985.
20.	Ibid.

12 Middle Age Crisis

1.	Greene, Jack and Massignani, Alessandro, The Black Prince and the Sea Devils, NY: DaCapo Press, 2004.
2.	Bragadin, Marc’ Antonio, Commander (R), Italian Navy, The Italian Navy in World War II, translated by Gale Hoffman, Annapolis MD: United States Naval Institute, 1957.

13 North African Finale

1.	Sadkovich, James J., “Of Myths and Men: Rommel and the Italians in North Africa, 1940-1942”, The International History Review, XIII, May, 1991.
2.	Ibid.
3.	Mussolini, Benito, Mussolini Memoirs, 1942-1943, London: Phoenix Press, 2000.
4.	Bragadin, Marc’ Antonio, Commander (R), Italian Navy, The Italian Navy in World War II, translated by Gale Hoffman, Annapolis MD: United States Naval Institute, 1957.
5.	Mussolini, Benito, Mussolini Memoirs, 1942-1943, London: Phoenix Press, 2000.

14 Mussolini Island

1.	Mussolini, Benito, Mussolini Memoirs, 1942-1943, London: Phoenix Press, 2000.
2.	Eisenhower, Gen. Dwight David, Crusade in Europe, NY: Doubleday, Inc., 1963.
3.	Irving, David, The War Between the Generals Inside the Allied High Command, NY: Congdon & Weed, 1981.
4.	Mussolini, Benito, Mussolini Memoirs, 1942-1943, London: Phoenix Press, 2000.
5.	Klibansky, Raymond, editor, Mussolini Memoirs, London: The Orion Publishing Group, Ltd., 2000 reprint of the 1949 original released by Weidenfeld & Nicolson (London).
6.	Mussolini, Benito, Mussolini Memoirs, 1942-1943, London: Phoenix Press, 2000.
7.	Reeder, Red, Omar Nelson Bradley: the Soldiers’ General, NY: Garrard Pub. Co., 1969.
8.	Mussolini, Benito, Mussolini Memoirs, 1942-1943, London: Phoenix Press, 2000.
9.	Ibid.
10.	Ibid.
11.	Ibid.
12.	Waldman, Victor, Mussolini, Chicago IL: Hollingsdale Press, 1949.
13.	Mussolini, Benito, Mussolini Memoirs, 1942-1943, London: Phoenix Press, 2000.
14.	Ibid.
15.	Apostolo, Giorgio, and Massimello, Italian Aces of World War 2 (Osprey Aircraft of the Aces No 34), Oxford: Osprey, 2004.
16.	Dunning, Chris, Courage Alone: The Italian Air Force, 1940-1943, Aldershot: Hikoki Publications, 1998.
17.	Messenger, Charles, A World War Two Chronicle, London: Arcadia House, 1995.
18.	Madej, W. Victor, Italian Army Order of Battle: 1940-1944, Allentown PA: Valor Publishing Company, 1987.
19.	Follain, John, Mussolini’s Island: The Untold Story of the Invasion of Sicily, NY: Hodder & Stoughton, 2007.
20.	Mussolini, Benito, Mussolini Memoirs, 1942-1943, London: Phoenix Press, 2000.
21.	Klibansky, Raymond, editor, Mussolini Memoirs, London: The Orion Publishing Group, Ltd., 2000 reprint of the 1949 original released by Weidenfeld & Nicolson (London).
22.	Bragadin, Marc’ Antonio, Commander (R), Italian Navy, The Italian Navy in World War II, translated by Gale Hoffman, Annapolis MD: United States Naval Institute, 1957.
23.	Waldman, Victor, Mussolini, Chicago IL: Hollingsdale Press, 1949.

15 The Ordeal of blood

1.	Waldman, Victor, Mussolini, Chicago IL: Hollingsdale Press, 1949.
2.	Mussolini, Romano, My Father, Il Duce, NY: Random House, 2006.
3.	Smith, Dennis Mack, Mussolini, London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1981.
4.	Coraja, Santi, translated by R.L. Miller, Hitler and Mussolini, NY: Enigma Books, 1985.
5.	Moseley, Ray, Mussolini’s Shadow: The Double Life of Count Galeazzo Ciano, New Haven CT: Yale University Press, 2000.
6.	Mussolini, Romano, My Father, Il Duce, NY: Random House, 2006.
7.	Mussolini, Benito, Mussolini Memoirs, 1942-1943, London: Phoenix Press, 2000.
8.	Mussolini, Romano, My Father, Il Duce, NY: Random House, 2006.
9.	Mussolini, Benito, Mussolini Memoirs, 1942-1943, London: Phoenix Press, 2000.
10.	Klibansky, Raymond, editor, Mussolini Memoirs, London: The Orion Publishing Group, Ltd., 2000 reprint of the 1949 original released by Weidenfeld & Nicolson (London).
11.	Mussolini, Romano, My Father, Il Duce, NY: Random House, 2006.
12.	Greene, Jack and Massignani, Alessandro, The Black Prince and the Sea Devils, NY: DaCapo Press, 2004.
13.	Mussolini, Benito, My Autobiography, NY: Scribner’s, 1928.
14.	Eisenhower, Gen. Dwight David, Crusade in Europe, NY: Doubleday, Inc., 1963.
15.	Bragadin, Marc’ Antonio, Commander (R), Italian Navy, The Italian Navy in World War II, translated by Gale Hoffman, Annapolis MD: United States Naval Institute, 1957.
16.	Sadkovich, James J., The Italian Navy in World War II, Westport CT: Greenwood Press, 1994.
17.	Mussolini, Benito, Mussolini Memoirs, 1942-1943, London: Phoenix Press, 2000.
18.	Annussek, Greg, Hitler’s Raid to Save Mussolini: The Most Infamous Commando Operation of World War II, NY: Da Capo Press, 2006.
19.	Waldman, Victor, Mussolini, Chicago IL: Hollingsdale Press, 1949.
20.	Mussolini, Benito, Mussolini Memoirs, 1942-1943, London: Phoenix Press, 2000.
21.	Ibid.
22.	Waldman, Victor, Mussolini, Chicago IL: Hollingsdale Press, 1949.
23.	Ibid.
24.	Greene, Jack and Massignani, Alessandro, The Black Prince and the Sea Devils, NY: DaCapo Press, 2004.
25.	Orry, King, http://www.321gold.com/editorials/orry/orry082108.html
26.	Mussolini, Benito, Mussolini Memoirs, 1942-1943, London: Phoenix Press, 2000.
27.	Waldman, Victor, Mussolini, Chicago IL: Hollingsdale Press, 1949.
28.	Mussolini, Benito, Mussolini Memoirs, 1942-1943, London: Phoenix Press, 2000.
29.	Landwehr, Richard, Italian Volunteers of the Waffen-SS, Brookings OR: Siegrunen, 1987.
30.	Mussolini, Benito, Mussolini Memoirs, 1942-1943, London: Phoenix Press, 2000.
31.	Greene, Jack and Massignani, Alessandro, The Black Prince and the Sea Devils, NY: DaCapo Press, 2004.
32.	Neulen, Hans Werner, In the Skies of Europe, Air Forces allied to the Luftwaffe, 1939-1945, Marlborough: The Crowood Press, 2005.
33.	Ibid.

16 day of the Lion

1.	Mussolini, Benito, My Autobiography, NY: Scribner’s, 1928.
2.	Waldman, Victor, Mussolini, Chicago IL: Hollingsdale Press, 1949.
3.	Duffy, James P., Target: America, Hitler’s Plan to Attack the United States, Westport CT: Praeger, 2004.
4.	Ibid.
5.	Ibid.
6.	Ibid.
7.	Lamb, Richard, War in Italy, 1943 to 1945, A Brutal Story, London: Collier, 1965.
8.	Mussolini, Romano, My Father, Il Duce, NY: Random House, 2006.
9.	Mussolini, Benito, Mussolini Memoirs, 1942-1943, London: Phoenix Press, 2000.
10.	Mussolini, Romano, My Father, Il Duce, NY: Random House, 2006.
11.	Mussolini, Benito, Mussolini Memoirs, 1942-1943, London: Phoenix Press, 2000.
12.	Mussolini, Romano, My Father, Il Duce, NY: Random House, 2006.
13.	Moseley, Ray, Mussolini: The Last 600 Days of IL Duce, NY: Taylor Trade Publishing, 2004.
14.	Mussolini, Benito, Mussolini Memoirs, 1942-1943, London: Phoenix Press, 2000.
15.	Coraja, Santi, translated by R.L. Miller, Hitler and Mussolini, NY: Enigma Books, 1985.

17 An Unlikely pen-pal

1.	Langworth, Richard (editor), Churchill by Himself: The Definitive Collection of Quotations, NY: PublicAffairs, 2008.
2.	Coraja, Santi, translated by R.L. Miller, Hitler and Mussolini, NY: Enigma Books, 1985.
3.	Mastrorocco, Allessandro, The Mysterious Murder of Benito Mussolini Documents from US Strengthen the British Theory and Churchill’s Role http://ww2history.suite101.com/article.cfm/the_mysterious_murder_of_benito_mussolini.
4.	Tompkins, Peter, Mussolini, the Final Truth, DVD documentary.
5.	Forrestal, James V., The Forrestal Diaries, edited by Walter Millis, NY: The Viking Press, 1951.
6.	Irving, David, Churchill’s War Volume II: Triumph in Adversity, London: Focal Point Publications, 2001.
7.	Garibaldi, Luciano, Mussolini, The Secrets of His Death, NY: Enigma Books, 2005.
8.	Ibid.
9.	Ibid.
10.	Cavalleri, Giorgio, Ombre sul Lago, Rome: Rienzi Editoriale, 1989.
11.	Andriola, Fabio, Carreggio segreto, Milan: Piemme, 1991.
12.	Cavalleri, Giorgio, Ombre sul Lago, Rome: Rienzi Editoriale, 1989.
13.	Garibaldi, Luciano, Mussolini, The Secrets of His Death, NY: Enigma Books, 2005.
14.	Popham, Peter, “Churchill ‘ordered killing of Mussolini’,” The Independent, http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/churchill-ordered-killing-of-mussolini-558130.html.
15.	Mussolini, Benito, Mussolini Memoirs, 1942-1943, London: Phoenix Press, 2000.
16.	de Felice, Renzo, Red and Black., London: Chessman Publishers, Ltd., 1995.
17.	Ibid.
18.	Tompkins, Peter, Mussolini, the Final Truth, DVD documentary.
19.	de Felice, Renzo, Red and Black., London: Chessman Publishers, Ltd., 1995.
20.	Cavalleri, Giorgio, Ombre sul Lago, Rome: Rienzi Editoriale, 1989.

18 The Italian Atomic bomb

1.	Mussolini, Benito, Mussolini Memoirs, 1942-1943, London: Phoenix Press, 2000.
2.	Fermi, Laura, Mussolini, Chicago IL: University of Chicago Press, 1961.
3.	Segre, Emilio, Enrico Fermi, Physicist, Chicago IL: University of Chicago Press, 1970.
4.	Tompkins, Peter, Mussolini, the Final Truth, DVD documentary.
5.	Mussolini, Romano, My Father, Il Duce, NY: Random House, 2006.
6.	Hans Zinsser affidavit, U.S. military intelligence report, 19 August 1945, roll number A1007, National Archives.
7.	Manvell, Roger and Heinrich Fraenkel, Doctor Goebbels: His Life & Death, London: Greenhill Books, 2006.
8.	Mussolini, Romano, My Father, Il Duce, NY: Random House, 2006.
9.	Romersa, Luigi, Le armi segrete di Hitler, Milan: Ugo Mursia Editore, 1999.
10.	Hooper, John, “Author fuels row over Hitler’s bomb; Germany ‘came close to nuclear device in 1944’ Last living witness saw Baltic test explosion”, London: The Guardian, 30 September 2005, http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2005/sep/30/books.italy.
11.	http://greyfalcon.us/Hitler%20abomb.htm.
12.	http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luigi_Romersa.
13.	http://greyfalcon.us/Hitler%20abomb.htm.
14.	Farrell, Joseph, Black Sun: Nazi Germany’s Attempt to Develop an Atomic Bomb, Kempton IL: Adventures Unlimited Press, 2004.
15.	Ibid.
16.	Manvell, Roger and Heinrich Fraenkel, Doctor Goebbels: His Life & Death, London: Greenhill Books, 2006.
17.	Mondey, David, Concise Guide to Axis Aircraft of World War II, Middlesex: Temple Press, 1984.
18.	Greene, Jack and Massignani, Alessandro, The Black Prince and the Sea Devils, NY: DaCapo Press, 2004.
19.	Ibid.

19 Could Mussolini Have Won His War?

1.	Mussolini, Benito, Mussolini Memoirs, 1942-1943, London: Phoenix Press, 2000.
2.	Smith, Dennis Mack, Mussolini, London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1981.