Abbott, Francis Ellingwood 101, 117
Adams, Charles Kendall (Cornell, U. Wisconsin President) 199, 223, 224
Adams, Henry 73–74, 76, 95, 98, 112, 118, 125, 141, 339
Adams, John (US President) 73, 125
Adams, John Quincy (US President) 73, 125, 140
Addams, Jane and Hull House 7, 193–94, 195, 205, 206, 324
Agassiz, Louis 68, 76, 77, 81–82, 124, 282, 290
Allport, Floyd H. 410
Allport, Gordon W. 410
American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) 264
American Association of Clinical Psychologists (AACP) 394
American Philosophical Association 222, 246, 281, 289, 299, 343, 344, 345, 352
American Psychiatric Association 244, 253, 281, 314
American Psychological Association (APA) 10, 222, 225–26, 248, 249, 261, 262, 281, 282, 289, 314, 316, 317, 318, 320, 326, 329, 331, 342–43, 344, 345, 356, 357, 362, 393, 394, 395, 397, 398, 399, 411
American Society for Psychical Research 151–53, 259
anarchism 156, 178, 182, 202, 301, 303, 304, 339
Angell, Frank 222, 224, 225, 227, 247, 283, 285
Angell, James Burrill (U. Vermont, U. Michigan President) 185–86, 190, 217, 218, 224
Angell, James Rowland 190, 193, 215, 217, 218, 222, 223, 224, 226, 234–35, 238, 239, 310, 327, 330, 345, 347, 348, 360, 390, 391, 395, 440; functionalism 391; resolution to Baldwin-Titchener reaction time debate 234–35
Antioch College 57–59, 63, 108, 119, 125, 140, 158
applied psychology 9, 154, 191, 240, 241, 250, 268, 314, 317, 320, 328, 331, 332, 375, 394–95; advertising 9, 336; personnel selection 9, 337, 358, 372–73
Bain, Alexander 102, 103, 111, 122, 191, 217
Baldwin, J. Mark 3, 155, 215, 232, 251, 262–63, 264, 272, 283, 284, 296, 298, 319, 327, 343, 344, 348, 351, 396; American Psychological Association, involvement with 225, 226, 261, 297; debate with Titchener over reaction time 232–34; organic selection (“Baldwin effect”) 162, 232–33, 251; Psychological Review, founding, editing 238, 262, 264, 363, 395; scandal that ended his career 349–50, 363; sinking of the Sussex 396; teaching at Johns Hopkins 297, 344, 349, 362; teaching at Princeton 222, 232, 278, 348–49; teaching at Toronto 222, 225, 232, 248, 278; Titchener, debate with over mental “types” 232–34, 243
Baltimore 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 16, 44, 91, 95, 115, 118, 134, 137, 138, 144, 146, 147, 148–49, 150, 155–56, 162, 166, 169, 170, 172, 186, 211, 223, 239, 253, 298, 349, 363, 393; founding, early history 130–33, 211; population 133, 161–62
Baptism (religious denomination) 60, 69, 70, 174, 183, 184, 185, 213, 214, 215, 306, 347, 348
Barnum, Phineas Taylor 22–23, 47, 54, 61; Barnum’s American Museum 22–23, 47, 54, 61
Beecher, Henry Ward 54, 55, 115, 247
Beecher, Lyman 34, 38, 54, 247
behaviorism 10, 252, 267, 295, 328, 342, 349, 393, 395, 410
Belknap, William W. 112
Bell, Alexander Graham 264
Bellamy, Edward, Looking Backward 183
Bible 21, 28, 44, 46, 50, 52, 74, 94, 139, 140, 150, 209, 305
Binet, Alfred 10, 166, 262, 263, 296, 311, 312, 380–81, 383–84, 385, 387, 389–90, 403
Bingham, Walter Van Dyke 9, 375–76, 399
Bly, Nellie, Ten Days in a Mad-House 241
Boas, Franz 62, 158, 184, 290, 312
Boring, Edwin (A History of Experimental Psychology) 4, 11, 124, 411
Boston 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 34, 52, 69–71, 74–75, 78–79, 82, 92, 117, 119, 127, 130, 133, 136, 137, 140, 141, 144, 149, 161, 169, 170, 172, 173, 183, 211, 239, 257, 264, 265, 269–70, 271, 282, 292, 297, 306, 307, 308, 309, 310, 313, 314, 317, 337, 339, 345, 350, 353, 366, 396, 398; Brahmins 73, 95, 117, 269–70, 339; Civil War draft riot 78–79, 96; founding, early history 69–70, 74–75, 94, 211; Great Fire of 1872, 104–5, 123; McLean Asylum 100, 150, 221, 253; North End neighborhood 38, 74, 78–79, 269; psychotherapy 9; religion 71–74
Bowditch, Henry Pickering 88, 90, 97, 101, 104, 105, 110, 117, 125, 139, 144, 152, 313
Bowen, Francis 101, 109, 110, 118, 125
Brandeis, Louis D. 369
Breuer, Joseph 312
Brokmeyer, Henry Conrad 63
Bryan, William (Lowe) 202, 221, 225, 226, 246, 252, 291, 345
Bryan, William Jennings 298, 303, 339, 351
Buchanan, James (US President) 37, 67
Burnham, Daniel 195
Bushnell, Horace (Women’s Suffrage, the Reform Against Nature) 92
Butler, Nicholas Murray (Columbia President) 226, 248, 299, 326, 402
Caird, John 305
Calkins, Mary Whiton 222, 226, 250, 264, 280–81, 297, 299, 320, 327, 328–29, 330, 343, 345
Cambridge, MA 5, 70, 72, 76, 84, 103, 118, 119, 279, 282
capitalism 1, 2–3, 29, 81, 115, 117, 132, 156, 173, 178, 182, 202, 203, 204, 212, 303–4, 339, 368
Catholicism 14, 17, 20, 21–22, 25, 33, 35, 38, 42, 46, 54, 67, 87, 103, 129–30, 132, 135, 148, 157–58, 161, 211, 222, 225, 256–57, 269, 270, 284, 296, 297, 301, 306, 316, 319
Cattell, James McKeen 3, 4, 8, 145, 155, 166, 200, 221, 223, 226, 229–31, 250, 251, 259–61, 262–63, 268, 269, 270, 273, 274, 287, 289, 290, 296, 327–28, 340, 343, 347, 348, 358, 374, 375, 380, 381, 383, 395, 402; journal ownership 262, 264, 265; mental testing 8, 259–61, 262, 263, 265, 287; reaction time sensory/muscular anomaly 231
Channing, William Elery 73
Channing, William Henry 31, 41
Chicago 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 27, 34, 91, 115, 156, 161, 169, 184, 190, 193–94, 203, 204, 205, 207, 211, 212, 213, 214, 218, 221, 226, 232, 234, 238, 239, 241, 242, 248, 262, 270, 282, 284, 309, 310, 313, 314, 320, 322, 324, 326, 327, 330, 333, 343, 345, 347, 348, 366, 393, 418; colleges and universities 174; founding, early history 169–83; Great Chicago Fire 123, 176, 194, 214; L-train 181; population 172, 181; public education 173, 211; skyscraper, first 218; World’s Columbian Exposition (1893) 194–98, 199–202, 225, 226, 262, 282, 326
Civil Rights Acts of 1871, 1875, and 1964 63, 84, 112–13
Civil War 1, 2, 3, 6, 37, 47, 51, 52, 58, 63, 68, 69, 77–78, 79–80, 82, 84, 91, 101, 104, 109, 112, 117, 130, 174, 182, 211, 222, 223, 251, 255, 270, 301, 344
Civil War, “Second” 3, 7, 117, 178, 202, 204, 206, 209
Clark, Jonas Gilman 156, 157–58, 159, 160, 168, 215, 244
Clark University 3, 7, 9, 62, 154, 184, 185, 215, 221, 225, 226, 232, 249, 254, 261, 262, 268, 272–73, 278, 281, 289, 345, 355, 360, 381, 389, 391, 410; founding 156, 157–61, 168; “raid” by William Rainey Harper 184, 262, 321–22; 20th anniversary conference (Freud, Jung) 254, 311–13, 314, 337, 354
Cleveland, Grover (US President) 204, 270, 324, 339
Clinton, DeWitt 25
coal 91, 114, 115, 178, 184, 303–4, 340
Coleridge, Samuel Taylor 51, 186, 216
Columbia University 5, 8, 57, 62, 89, 163, 184, 192, 222, 226, 231, 248, 251, 261, 262, 263, 265, 268, 287, 290, 307, 312, 316, 318, 324, 326, 330, 331, 338, 347, 348, 358, 362, 363, 370, 374, 375, 380, 392, 394, 402, 408
Congregationalism 46, 55, 56, 60, 61, 72–73, 109, 186, 190, 215, 265, 306
Cornell University 5, 7, 48, 55, 168, 185, 199, 200, 222, 223, 224, 225, 226, 227, 238, 240, 244, 246, 247, 262, 281, 290, 295, 312, 329, 343, 344, 355, 394, 395, 410; founding 223
Darrow, Clarence 335
Darwin, Charles 3, 54, 58, 76, 77, 80, 81–82, 102–3, 108, 121, 124, 126, 150, 152, 212, 217, 230, 239, 293, 306, 326, 291, 392; The Descent of Man 102; The Origin of the Species 76, 101, 106, 108, 124, 230; Variation of Animals and Plants Under Domestication 85
Darwin, Erasmus 124
Debs, Eugene 203, 204, 220, 402
Delabarre, Edmund Burke 222, 272, 274, 276, 277, 278, 283–84
Delacroix, Eugène 65
Democratic Party 14, 15, 17, 20, 21, 28, 34, 35, 37, 39, 40, 61, 67, 112, 126, 182, 204, 214, 302, 324, 339, 351
Descartes, Rene 7, 150, 340, 342
Dewey, Alice Chipman (wife of John Dewey) 188, 203, 346
Dewey, John 4, 7, 145, 148, 155, 167, 168, 183, 185, 189, 212, 220, 222, 225, 234, 235, 240, 242, 249, 252, 264, 272, 288, 294, 299, 324, 327, 342, 377, 390, 391, 404; birth and childhood 186; educational theory and practice 7, 206–11, 345–46; and Hegel 186–87, 192, 216–17; reflex theory 7, 11, 234, 235–37, 242, 252, 391; teaching at University of Chicago 193, 204, 215, 221, 345–47; teaching at University of Michigan 185–86, 188, 189, 192, 193, 215
Dickens, Charles 18, 39, 46, 54
Donaldson, Henry Herbert 145, 151, 158, 159, 184, 241
Donders, Franz 88
Douglas, Stephen 34, 61, 67, 132, 161, 174, 213–14
Douglass, Frederick 130
Du Bois, W. E. B. 272
Du Bois-Reymond, Emil 55, 56, 62, 84, 111, 119, 276
Dunlap, Knight 395
Ebbinghaus, Hermann 221, 295, 311, 312
economic “panics” and “crashes” 2, 14, 18, 27, 37, 40, 112, 113–14, 117, 131, 134, 178, 203, 214, 300, 301
Eddy, Mary Baker (Christian Science) 306, 310, 311, 351, 354
Edison, Thomas 197–98, 219, 264
education 5, 9, 50, 67, 194, 206–11, 212, 214, 240, 288, 315, 324–25, 329, 345–46, 376–80, 381; pedagogy 7, 121–22, 140–41, 142, 286, 312, 322
electricity 5, 23, 59, 119, 180, 181, 196–98, 219, 255–56, 301, 306, 328, 351, 365–66
Eliot, Charles W. (Harvard President) 52, 61, 75, 76, 77, 98, 101, 109, 118, 121, 122, 124, 134, 135, 140, 141, 151, 283, 284, 297, 324, 339, 359; and Hall, G. Stanley 109–10, 140, 141; and James, William 104, 105, 108, 118, 121, 137, 281, 283, 350, 359; and Münsterberg, Hugo 283–85, 359; on reform of the college curriculum 89–90, 123, 151, 363
Emerson, Ralph Waldo 24–25, 27, 31–32, 36, 39, 41, 42, 51–52, 68, 314; “The American Scholar” 24, 31, 39; Nature 24
Emmanuel Movement 307–11, 314, 315, 320, 336, 354
Episcopalianism 60, 307, 308, 316
Erie Canal 25–27, 40, 68, 91, 95, 131, 170, 174, 365, 417
eugenics 230, 264, 268, 269, 290, 296, 314, 385, 400
evolutionary theory 3, 57, 58, 77, 80, 81, 90, 95, 102, 121, 124, 128, 164, 191, 212, 217, 229, 231, 239, 243, 306, 326, 392
Faraday, Michael 39, 66, 186, 274
Fechner, Gustav 138, 146, 215, 272, 307, 316, 352, 353, 356
feeble-mindedness 10, 320, 381–90, 399, 403
Field, Marshall 174, 175, 176, 184
Fillmore, Millard (US President) 36
Fitzgerald, John (Boston Mayor) 270, 292
Five Points slum (NYC) 18, 21, 33, 54, 253, 257, 302
Fourier, Charles 28, 29, 31, 35, 41, 166
Franklin, Benjamin 318
Frémont, John C. 37
Freud, Sigmund 9, 254, 311, 312, 313, 314, 337, 340, 351, 354, 355
Fröbel, Friedrich 64, 141, 164
Fullerton, George Stuart 226, 248, 259, 261, 316
Fullerton, Hugh 408
Gage, Phineas 23
Galton, Francis 200, 230–31, 251, 259, 263, 265, 298
Gamble, Eleanor 281
Garfield, James (US President) 301
German immigrants to U.S. 6, 8, 22, 25, 41, 42, 51, 131–32, 135, 156, 164, 173, 176, 182, 205, 211, 256–57, 337
Gesell, Arnold 410
Gestalt psychology 215, 252, 360, 410–11, 413
Gilbreth, Frank (time-motion studies) 9, 370, 371, 372, 401; Primer in Scientific Management 370
Gilbreth, Lillian 9, 370–72, 401; Psychology of Management 370
Gilman, Daniel Coit (Johns Hopkins President) 60, 90, 98, 118, 125, 126, 134–36, 137, 138, 139, 144–45, 147, 148, 149, 150, 151, 155, 158, 159, 163, 165, 168, 184, 185, 186, 246, 317
Goddard, Henry 10, 381–88, 389, 399, 402–3; Binet-Simon test 383–84; Kallikak Family 385–86; New York City school survey 377, 384; at Vineland 381–82, 384, 403, 410
Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von 84
gold rush, California 36
Gordon, Kate 330
Gould, Jay (Black Friday speculator) 112, 113, 156
Grace, William (NYC Mayor) 257
Grant, Madison 292; Passing of the Great Race 386
Grant, Ulysses S. (US President) 22, 111–13, 118, 127
Great Awakening 72
Great Awakening, Second 24
Greely, Horace 15, 17, 24, 31, 41, 112
Griffith, Coleman R. 413
Guthrie, Edwin R. 410
Hadely, Arthur Twining (Yale President) 348
Haeckel, Ernst 121, 128, 164, 322, 323–24, 325, 326, 357
Hall, Abigail Beals (G. S. Hall’s mother) 44, 45–46, 49
Hall, Cornelia (G. S. Hall’s first wife) 119, 159, 167
Hall, G. Bascom (G. S. Hall’s father) 44, 45–46, 48
Hall, Granville Stanley 3, 4, 6, 7, 9, 44, 49, 53, 88, 92, 101, 118, 136, 149, 164, 167, 168, 184, 186, 187–88, 200, 209, 212, 222, 240, 244, 248, 249, 250, 254, 259, 261–62, 271, 286, 287, 289, 296, 308, 311, 313, 321, 325, 330, 343, 348, 355, 357, 359, 381, 382, 383, 384, 389, 395, 407; Adolescence 326; American Psychological Association 225–26, 261; birth and childhood 44–46, 47–50, 60–61, 109; at Clark University 154, 158–61, 185, 225, 311; developmental theory 9, 121, 122, 128, 142, 143, 209, 322–24, 325–26, 357; in Germany 55–57, 119–20, 121–22, 137, 142; Hall family 46–47, 109; at Harvard University 108–10, 111, 119; at Johns Hopkins University 144, 145, 146–47, 148, 149–56, 158, 221; journal editing 7, 152–55, 225, 262–63; laboratory 7, 59, 146–47, 148; in New York City 53–55, 57, 61; and pedagogy 140, 141–44, 149, 382; and psychoanalysis 9, 254; at Williams College 51–52, 61, 139
Hamerschlag, Arthur (Carnegie Institute of Technology President) 375
Hamilton, Alexander 91
Harper, John (NYC Mayor) 20–21; The Awful Disclosures of Maria Monk 20
Harper, William Rainey (U. Chicago President) 161, 184–85, 192–93, 215, 219, 262, 326, 345–47
Harris, William Torrey 58, 62, 63–64, 144, 164, 186, 200, 299
Harrison, Carter (Chicago Mayor) 182, 202, 219
Harvard University 3, 5, 6, 8, 40, 50, 52, 56, 61, 69, 70, 72, 73, 75–76, 77, 81, 83, 89–90, 94–95, 97, 101, 104, 105, 108–9, 117, 118, 121, 122, 134, 135, 140, 144, 151, 185, 189, 190, 200, 213, 220, 221, 225, 250, 261, 268, 272, 273, 279, 280, 281, 282, 283, 284, 287, 289, 293, 294, 297, 306, 308, 313, 321, 324, 328, 330, 331, 332, 333, 336, 337, 344, 345, 350, 351, 352, 353, 354, 356, 357, 363, 374, 391, 395, 396; Lawrence Scientific School 69, 75, 76, 77, 89, 90, 108; Unitarianism 72–73
Hayes, Rutherford B. (US President) 115, 126
Haywood, William “Big Bill” 333, 335, 367–68, 402
Hedge, Frederic Henry 110
Hegel, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich 54, 56, 58, 62, 63, 64, 84, 109, 110, 111, 121, 124, 125, 139, 144, 164, 186–88, 192, 216, 217, 222, 247–48, 299, 342
Heidbredder, Edna 411
Helmholtz, Herman 59, 62, 85, 87, 88, 106, 111, 119, 136, 186, 276, 282
Henri, Victor 262
Heraclitus 154
Herbart, Johann Friedrich 128, 141, 164, 357
Higher Criticism, Biblical 54, 55, 56, 57, 306
Hillquit, Morris (Hillkowitz, Morris) 380, 402
Hoar, George Frisbie (US Senator) 52, 156, 168
Hollingworth, Harry 9, 331, 374
Hollingworth, Leta Stetter 331, 356, 394, 403
Holmes, Oliver Wendell, Jr. (Supreme Court Justice) 57, 80, 83, 96, 101, 103, 104, 273, 294, 402
Holst, Hermann Eduard von 159, 278, 284
Holt, Edward Bissel 283, 342, 361
Hopkins, Mark (Williams President) 51
Hull, Clark L. 410
Hume, James Gibson 225, 277, 278
Husserl, Edmund 284
Hutchinson, Anne 70
Huxley, Thomas Henry 135, 136, 137, 151; Lectures on the Elements of Composition 81
immigration 5, 8, 21, 33, 51, 78, 114, 131–32, 132–33, 156, 173, 182, 211–12, 252, 269–70, 324, 387–88, 404; Immigration Act of 1917, 388–89; Jane Addams Hull House 7, 193–94, 195, 205, 206, 324
intelligence testing 380–90, 398–400; Army Alpha and Beta tests 399; Binet-Simon test 380–81, 383, 384, 403; Point scale (Yerkes, Bridges, & Hardwick) 398; Stanford-Binet test (L. M. Terman) 390
Irish immigrants to U.S. 8, 17, 18, 21, 25, 32, 33, 34, 35, 38, 42, 44, 51, 73, 77–79, 87, 115, 128, 131–32, 135, 161, 170, 173, 176, 205, 211–12, 214, 218, 256–57, 269, 270, 298, 308
Italian immigrants to U.S. 8, 40, 173, 211, 257, 269, 338, 378, 387, 399
Jackson, Andrew (US president) 27, 40, 75
James, Alice (sister of Wm. James) 35, 42, 79, 84, 120–21, 127–28, 271
James, Alice Gibbens (wife of Wm. James) 117, 118, 120, 271, 292
James, Garth Wilkinson (Wilky) (brother of Wm. James) 29, 67, 68, 77, 80, 84, 107, 125, 270
James, Henry, Jr. (brother of Wm. James) 27, 28, 33, 45, 65, 66, 67, 74, 79, 81, 107, 127–28, 271, 415
James, Henry, Sr. (father of Wm. James) 23–25, 33, 35, 36–37, 39, 40–41, 42, 43, 51, 84, 117, 118, 166, 273–74; philosophical writings 29, 31, 33, 35; relocating family 27–29, 30, 37, 65, 66, 67; and science 66; Secret of Swedenborg, The 92, 98; “vastation” 28, 93
James, John Barber (uncle of Wm. James) 35
James, Mary Walsh (mother of Wm. James) 24, 28, 96, 270
James, Robertson (Bob) (brother of Wm. James) 29, 67, 68, 77, 78, 79, 84, 96, 101, 107, 270
James, William 3, 4, 6, 9, 39, 40, 43, 44, 120, 135, 136–37, 149, 151, 185, 188, 189, 193, 212, 224, 225, 227, 235, 236, 237, 240, 242, 244, 259, 261, 264, 265, 270, 273, 274, 278–79, 281, 283, 284, 292, 293, 294, 295, 296, 298, 299, 304, 307, 308, 312, 318, 321, 337–38, 339–40, 344–45, 347, 348, 350, 351, 353, 354, 359, 361, 390; adolescence 65–66, 109, 122; art 65, 66–67, 69; birth 22–23, 27, 54; consciousness 10, 105–7, 136, 217, 340–42; family life 6, 82, 84, 92–93, 109, 270–71; habit, theory of 190–91, 240; Harvard University, attending 75, 76–77, 79, 80–81, 88–89; Harvard University, teaching at 101, 104, 105, 108, 118, 119, 121, 190, 193, 272, 283; Meaning of Truth 351; mental health 84, 88, 93, 100; Metaphysical Club 103; Newport, RI, living in 66–67; Pragmatism 98, 350, 353; Pluralistic Universe, A 351; Principles of Psychology 8, 137, 190–92, 217, 227, 232, 235, 236, 272, 281; radical empiricism 340–42; religion/spirituality 8, 74, 271, 292, 294, 304–6, 338; traveling 6, 66, 68, 74, 81–88, 105, 121; Varieties of Religious Experience, The 98, 304, 350
James, William, “of Albany” (grandfather of Wm. James) 25, 27
Jastrow, Joseph 3, 145, 146, 151, 198–200, 219, 223–24, 225, 226, 261, 262, 264, 271, 281, 290, 294, 329, 338, 343, 345, 358, 390
Jefferson, Thomas (US President) 91, 98
Jennings, Herbert Spencer 166, 312
Johns Hopkins University 3, 5, 7, 60, 90, 98, 118, 122, 125, 126, 129, 133–34, 135, 136, 137, 138, 139, 144–45, 146, 147, 148, 150, 151, 153, 154, 155, 156, 157, 158, 159, 162, 163, 165, 167, 168, 184, 185, 186, 198, 216, 221, 223, 232, 244, 246, 249, 253, 261, 278, 289, 296, 297, 310, 312, 328, 344, 345, 347, 349, 352, 362, 363, 395, 410; founding, early history 133–38; philosophy professor, first 144–49
Johnson, Andrew (US President) 52, 96, 111
Johnstone, Edward R. 381, 382, 384, 387, 403
journals, academic: American Journal of Psychology 151, 152–54, 187, 223, 225, 232, 238, 261, 296, 313, 395; American Journal of Science and Arts 138, 163; American Naturalist 251, 264; Archiv für die gesamte Psychologie 332; Journal of Abnormal Psychology 353, 395, 396; Journal of Animal Behavior 395; Journal of Applied Psychology 395, 405; Journal of Comparative Psychology 395; Journal of Educational Psychology 395; Journal of Experimental Psychology 395; Journal of Philosophy, Psychology, and Scientific Methods 264, 340, 395; Journal of Speculative Philosophy 58, 62, 63, 64, 109, 110, 118, 125, 127, 135, 136, 145, 186, 200, 216, 219, 222, 247; Mind 111, 118, 119, 125, 136, 138, 139, 146–47, 163, 187, 188, 223, 232, 233, 238; Monist, The 193, 248; Open Court 193, 248; Pedagogical Seminary 321, 384; Philosophical Review 238, 239, 247, 248, 281; Philosophische Studien 231, 332; Princeton Review 62, 142, 165, 357; Psychobiology 395; Psychological Bulletin 348; Psychological Clinic 320, 395; Psychological Index 348; Psychological Monographs 348; Psychological Review 226, 232, 235, 238, 252, 262, 264, 268, 281, 287, 348, 349, 392, 395; Psychometrika 376; Science 158, 264; Zeitschrift für angewandte Psychologie 332; Zeitschrift für Pädagogische Psychologie und Experimentelle Pädagogik 332
Judaism 8, 36, 54, 57, 62, 71, 86–87, 97, 134, 158, 163, 198, 205, 224, 225, 248, 257, 269, 275, 276, 277, 284, 295, 296, 353, 355, 378, 380, 386, 387, 402
Kansas-Nebraska Act 34, 47, 214
Kant, Immanuel 51, 93, 110, 111, 150, 162, 185, 186, 205, 216, 332, 342; Critique of Pure Reason 88
Kantor, Jacob 410
Kennedys (American family) 292
“Know-Nothings” (American Republican Party) 18, 20–21, 28, 33–34, 46, 47, 67, 73, 78, 132
labor movement 1, 3, 6, 92, 105, 114–17, 155–56, 173, 178, 179, 182–84, 195, 202, 204, 212, 220, 324, 333, 368, 369, 370; Adamson Act (1916) 368; American Federation of Labor 156, 303, 369; Bayview Massacre 156; “Children’s Crusade,” 324; Great Railroad Strike (1877) 114–17, 134; Great Southwest Railroad Strike (1886) 156; Haymarket bombing and riot (1886) 156, 182, 214, 219, 303; Homestead Strike (1892) 219–20; Industrial Workers of the World (IWW) 333, 368; Knights of Labor 303; Lochner v. New York (1905) 367; Pennsylvania Coal Miners Strike (1902) 303–4; Pullman Train Boycott (1893) 203–4, 206; Textile Strike (1912) 368;
Thibodaux massacre (1887) 156;
Triangle Shirtwaist factory fire (1911) 368
Ladd, George Trumbull 60, 185, 215, 225, 226, 227, 248, 249, 261, 272, 292, 296, 299, 327, 343, 344, 347, 348, 407
Ladd-Franklin, Christine 145, 149, 165, 166, 226, 250, 261, 320, 328, 329, 330
LaFarge, John 67
Lake Forest College (originally Lind University) 174, 184, 232, 348
Lamarck, Jean Baptiste 102, 108, 233
Lincoln, Abraham (US President) 20, 34, 47, 51, 52, 61, 67–68, 82, 111, 132, 161, 174, 213, 222
magazines 366; Atlantic Monthly 90, 105, 106, 286; Dial, The 24, 39; Harbinger, The 29, 31; Harper’s 116, 294, 409; McClure’s 333, 335, 359, 375; Nation, The 107, 109, 113, 125, 139, 163, 226; North American Review 63, 81, 92, 98, 101, 105, 106, 109, 123, 124; Popular Science Monthly 113, 123, 135, 223, 264, 408
Marshall, Henry Rutgers 345, 362
Marston, William Moulton 335, 360
Martineau, Harriet 170
Massachusetts Bay Colony 69
McComb, Samuel 308, 309, 310, 311
McCormick, Cyrus and Leander 170, 171, 176, 182, 313
McCormick Harvesting Machine Company 171, 176, 182, 345
McCosh, James (Princeton President) 90, 101, 106, 200, 232
McKinley, William (US President) 300–302
Mead, George Herbert 189, 193, 218, 226, 299
Menninger, Karl and William 314
Mental Hygiene, National Committee for 244, 314
Mesmer, Anton 354
Metaphysical Club 57, 101–2, 104, 113, 145, 191, 293
Methodism 60, 144, 149, 152, 174
Meumann, Ernst 284, 311, 312, 332, 402
Meyer, Adolf 239–45, 253, 308, 309, 312, 314, 327, 336, 354, 386; debate with Titchener over nature of psychology 244–45, 254, 313
Mill, John Stuart 28, 51, 58, 107, 411; Subjection of Women, The 92
Mills, Thomas Wesley 225, 267, 291
mining and miners 84, 113, 114–15, 303–4
Minnesota, University of 57, 188, 194, 213, 218, 222, 223, 226, 375
Mitchel, John Purroy (NYC Mayor) 377, 378, 379, 380, 384, 402
Moore, Addison 234–35, 237, 239
Morely, Edward 158
Morrill Act (federal land grants for colleges) 222–23
Morris, George Sylvester 54, 57, 62, 63, 137–38, 144, 145, 148, 155, 162, 165, 185, 186, 188, 190, 249
Morris, Robert (NYC Mayor) 15, 39
Morse, Samuel 17, 20, 37, 38, 44, 223
Müller, George Elias 276, 295, 297, 298, 359
Münsterberg, Hugo 8, 9, 220, 225, 226, 248, 250, 264, 271, 274, 286, 287, 288–89, 294, 295, 296, 297, 298, 299, 310, 311, 317, 319, 321, 326, 331, 332, 343, 347, 357–58, 359, 367, 374–75, 396; early life 274–76; at Harvard 279–80, 281, 282–84, 331, 332; his laboratory 276–78, 279; International Congress of Arts and Sciences 326–27; Psychotherapy 310, 336; relation to “Luther Trant” in stories by E. Balmer, W. MacHarg 336; On the Witness Stand: Essays on Psychology and Crime 335
Murphy, Gardner 411
Nevers, Cordelia 329
Newcomb, Simon 135, 148, 152, 166, 326
New Orleans 25, 42, 96, 117, 170
newspapers 14–15, 156, 366; Baltimore Sun 133, 161; Boston Herald 104; Boston Globe 104; Chicago Times 219; Chicago Tribune 335; Massachusetts Spy 157; New York Herald 14, 16–17, 19–20; New York Observer 17; New York Sun 14, 15–16, 133; New York Times 177, 374, 377, 401, 402; New York Tribune 15, 17, 19–20, 112; New York World 113, 241, 379; Worcester Telegram 160
New York City 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 12, 27, 36, 45, 52, 53–55, 57, 66, 69–71, 78, 82, 91, 92, 101, 115, 119, 129, 130, 132, 133, 148, 157, 161–62, 169, 170, 172, 173, 174, 178, 179, 183, 190, 192, 211, 214, 220, 223, 231, 239, 241, 255–58, 261, 270, 279, 287, 289, 290, 292, 302, 307, 309, 312, 313, 314, 324, 331, 345, 362, 365, 366, 367, 370, 377, 378, 379, 380, 384, 385, 386, 387, 396; Brooklyn Bridge 257–58, 366; Civil War draft riot 51, 77–78; Five Points tenement neighborhood 18, 21, 33, 54, 253, 257, 302; founding, early history 70–71, 211; gangs 17–19; immigration 21–22, 33–34, 52, 256–57, 324, 387; Mary Rogers murder case 12–20, 37–38; population 27, 33, 37, 71, 255; public education 21, 376–80; skyscrapers 258, 340; Tammany Hall 15, 17, 18, 35, 39, 51, 78, 257, 377, 378, 379, 380; unification of the five boroughs 258, 289
Nichols, Herbert 226, 272, 274, 279, 280, 296
Nietzsche, Friedrich 276
nitrous oxide, mental effects of 105–6
Norton, Charles Eliot 52, 60, 61, 63, 81, 98, 101, 109, 139, 163
Ogden, William Butler (Chicago Mayor) 171, 176, 213
oil, petroleum 91, 183–84, 186, 307
Olmstead, Frederick Law 195, 255
organization revolution (industry) 114
Palladino, Eusapia 338
Palmer, George Herbert 136, 193, 278, 279
Parker, Francis Wayland 141, 164, 211, 345–46
Patrick, George T. W. 202, 221, 225, 246, 343
Pearson, Karl 263
Peirce, Benjamin (C. S. Peirce’s father) 83, 97, 104, 135
Peirce, Charles Sanders 39, 57, 62, 83, 92, 97, 101, 103–4, 118, 122, 123, 135–36, 152, 159, 162, 163, 165, 186, 193, 198, 218, 223, 227, 271, 292, 361, 363; astronomy, gravimetry, and geodesy 104, 123, 165; at Johns Hopkins 118, 126, 144, 145–46, 148–49, 166; logic, mathematics, and probability 138, 144, 145–46; pragmatism 57, 103–4, 122, 123, 163, 304–5, 352; psychology 138, 145–46, 162
Peirce, James Mills (C. S. Peirce’s brother) 152
Perry, Ralph Barton 85–86, 342
personal equation 411
Pestalozzi, Johann Heinrich 64, 128, 141
Philadelphia 9, 34, 42, 75, 113, 115, 132, 133, 151, 152, 161, 170, 172, 181, 193, 226, 244, 261, 282, 290, 307, 315, 316, 317, 318, 320, 324, 352, 360, 375, 381, 382; Bible Riots 21, 44
phrenology 238, 239, 247, 248, 281
Piaget, Jean 350
Pierce, Franklin (US President) 37
Pillsbury, Walter 411
Piper, Leonora 271, 292, 293, 312, 318
Pittsburgh 115, 219, 220, 253, 375
Poe, Edgar Allan 20
Porter, Noah (Yale President) 90, 106, 137
pragmatism 57, 82, 103, 104, 305, 306
Presbyterianism 17, 24, 31, 38, 53, 60, 61, 109, 135, 144, 148, 164, 174, 184, 213, 281, 309
Presidential election of 1860 67–68
Prince, Morton 308, 353, 395, 396
Princeton University (College of New Jersey) 5, 24, 53, 60, 90, 94, 101, 106, 155, 164, 174, 200, 222, 232, 261, 272, 278, 283, 298, 344, 348–49, 362, 363, 395
Protestantism 17, 18, 21, 25, 38, 40, 44, 46, 53, 54, 57, 58, 60, 73, 90, 103, 129, 130, 135, 139, 141, 142, 172, 211, 212, 222, 265, 306, 307, 337
psychiatry 119, 154, 242, 241–45, 253, 310, 314, 336–37, 350, 394, 409
psychoanalysis 9, 100, 245, 312–13, 314, 315, 336–37
psychotherapy 9, 309, 310–11, 314–15, 321, 336–37, 354
Puffer (Howes), Ethel 283–84, 330
Pulitzer, Joseph 241
Pullman, George 173–74, 178–79, 203–6, 214, 220
Puritanism 45, 46, 69, 71–73, 74, 94, 109, 119, 139, 140, 213, 249
race 2, 17, 18, 19, 21, 34–35, 38, 51, 58, 63, 64, 77, 78–79, 84, 87, 101, 112–13, 117, 121, 125, 131–32, 142, 143, 156, 176, 205, 211, 214, 225, 246, 249, 259, 260–61, 269–70, 289, 290, 291, 322, 325, 349, 380, 385, 386, 387, 399, 400
railroads and rail workers 36, 42, 75, 90–91, 113, 114, 115, 131, 132, 133, 155–56, 171, 179, 181, 203, 214, 220, 365, 366, 369
Renouvier, Charles 88, 93, 99, 124
Republican Party 37, 47, 67, 78–79, 112, 125, 126, 213, 222, 270, 298, 301, 302, 339, 351, 402
Riis, Jacob 253, 257, 302, 324
Robertson, George Croom 111, 125, 138, 188, 216
Rockefeller, John D. 2, 7, 113, 161, 183–84, 185, 215, 244, 379
Roosevelt, Theodore “Teddy” (US President) 301, 302–4, 324, 339, 351
Ross, Edward A., Old War in the New 386
Rousseau, Jean Jacques 141
Royce, Josiah 62, 189, 200, 215, 259, 264, 265, 278, 279, 281, 298, 299, 304, 308, 321, 327, 344, 345, 352
Ruth, George Herman “Babe” 408
Sage, Henry W. 55, 63, 224, 244, 247
Sanford, Edmund C. 3, 158, 221, 226, 250, 262, 268, 281, 289, 313, 327, 345, 355, 389, 390
Santayana, George 185
Schirnhofer, Resa von 250, 276, 277, 295–96
Schleiermacher, Friedrich D. E. 56
Schopenhauer, Arthur 98–99, 286, 299
Schurman, Jacob Gould 200, 226, 238, 247, 295
scientific management (Taylorism) 369–70, 393
Scott, Walter Dill 9, 10, 372–74, 375, 376, 399
Scott, Winfield (US General) 36
Scripture, Edward Wheeler 222, 262, 286, 287, 347, 348, 356, 362; The New Psychology 286
Seward, William (NY Governor, US Secretary of State) 39, 82; New York Municipal Police Act 20–21
Shakespeare, William 46
Shakow, David 315
Sharp, Stella Emily 263
Sherrington, Sir Charles Scott 268, 396
Shinn, Millicent 202, 219, 359
Sidgwick, Henry 151
Simon, Théodore 381, 383, 384, 403
Skinner, B. F. 410
slavery 2, 3, 4, 34–35, 36–37, 38, 42, 46, 47, 51, 61, 67, 70–71, 77, 79, 91, 92, 95, 96, 101, 112, 130, 131, 132, 144, 166, 214, 251, 293, 367, 379
socialism 28, 29, 31, 41, 66, 156, 164, 178, 182, 204, 214, 339, 380, 397, 402
Society for Psychical Research (UK) 151, 153, 294
Southern Society for Philosophy and Psychology 344
Spanish-American War 301–2, 318, 339
Spearman, Charles 376
Spencer, Hebert 11, 54, 57, 63–64, 81, 101, 107, 108, 113, 128, 176, 250, 293; Principles of Psychology 108, 137; social Darwinism 81, 107, 108, 113, 176–77; Social Statics 113
spiritualism 151–52, 224, 271, 292, 338
Stanford-Binet test of intelligence 10, 389–90
Stanford University 168, 222, 224, 225, 244, 247, 283, 285, 290, 294, 330, 339, 350, 363, 390
steel 91, 157, 179–80, 198, 214, 218, 244, 366, 368–69, 376
Stern, William, Uber Psychologie der individuellen Differenzen 332
Stewart, Lyman 307
St. John Green, Nicholas 102, 103
St. Louis 6, 58, 62, 63, 64, 115, 133, 139, 161, 164, 172, 186, 222, 289, 293, 297, 326, 328
Stowe, Harriet Beecher 34, 46, 54, 247; Uncle Tom’s Cabin 34, 46, 183, 247
Stratton, George M. 223, 297, 345, 349, 362
Strong, Charles Augustus 185, 192, 198, 217, 222, 226, 274, 295
Stumpf, Carl 185, 215, 252, 295, 296
Stuyvesant, Peter 71
Sullivan, Louis Henry 180–82, 218
Sumner, Charles (US Senator) 46–47
Swedenborg, Emanuel 25, 28, 29, 35, 41, 92, 98, 101, 117, 274, 354
Taylor, Frederick Winslow 368–70, 374, 377, 393, 400
Taylor, Frederick Winslow, Principles of Scientific Management 369
Taylor, Zachary (US President) 36
telegraph 18, 44, 90, 92, 183, 223, 252, 291, 294, 365
telephone 255–56, 306, 366, 367
Temple, Minnie (cousin of Wm. James) 76, 92–93, 100
Temple, Willie (cousin of Wm. James) 77
Terman, Lewis M. 10, 389–90, 398, 403
Thompson, Helen Bradford 330
Thoreau, Henry David 68
Thorndike, Edward Lee 4, 252, 268, 269, 291, 326, 330, 331, 343, 357, 358, 370, 386, 391, 408; Animal Intelligence 265; puzzle box 265–67; Theory of Mental and Social Measurements 326
Thurstone, Louis Leon 375, 376
Titchener, Edward Bradford 7, 8, 50, 167, 200, 224, 225, 226–27, 228, 229, 231, 232, 233–34, 237, 238–39, 240, 244, 245, 247, 249, 250, 252, 254, 262, 263, 264, 269, 273, 281, 285, 288, 294–95, 312, 313, 318, 319–20, 327, 328, 344, 347, 355, 356, 362, 391, 393, 395, 408; Cornell University, laboratory 224–25, 227; debate with Cattell, Baldwin on reaction time 231, 232–34; debate with Meyer over nature of psychology 244–45; Experimentalists (Society for Experimental Psychology) 318, 319–20, 328–29, 344, 356; Manuals of Laboratory Practice 227; Outline of Psychology 238; structuralism (distinguished from functionalism) 7–8, 238–39, 240, 328
Tocqueville, Alexis de 69
Toronto 200, 222, 225, 232, 246, 248, 261, 262, 278, 348, 410
Transcendentalists (New England) 24, 27, 314
Tufts, James Hayden 185, 189, 192, 198, 204–5, 209, 215, 221, 299, 347
Twain, Mark (Clemens, Samuel) 52, 178, 294; Gilded Age, The 178
Union College (Schenectady, NY) 24, 65, 66
Union Stockyards (Chicago) 172, 173, 179, 418
Union Theological Seminary (NYC) 53–55, 57, 61, 62, 137, 155, 164
Unitarianism 24, 31, 52, 57, 72, 73–74, 101–2, 110, 306
University of Chicago (new) 3, 7, 183–85, 189, 219, 222, 238, 249, 269, 278, 322, 324, 326, 327, 330, 345, 346, 347, 348, 349, 355, 358, 362, 363, 375, 376, 391, 395, 410
University of Chicago (old) 174, 347
University of Pennsylvania 221, 226, 231, 248, 259, 310, 315, 316
Vanderbilt, Cornelius 2, 36, 91, 113
Vanderbilt, William (son of C. Vanderbilt) 115
variability hypothesis 329
Varian, Isaac (NYC Mayor) 15, 24, 39
Venn, John 145
Wallace, Alfred Russell 81, 102, 151
Wallin, J. E. Wallace 356, 393–94
Warner, Joseph Bangs 102
Washburn, Margaret Floy 250, 264, 329, 343, 358, 391
Washington, DC 6, 34, 44, 104, 118, 130–31, 156, 222, 225, 365
Washington, George (US President) 112
Watson, John B. 10, 252, 296, 327, 349, 391, 392–93, 395, 404, 410; Behaviorism 393
Weber, Ernst Heinrich 150, 272
Wellesley College 193, 222, 226, 280, 281, 329
Wertheimer, Max 215, 360, 410–11
Western Philosophical Association 246, 299, 343
Whig Party 15, 20, 34, 35, 36–37, 39, 40, 43, 67, 68
Whipple, Guy Montrose 375, 393–94, 395
White, Andrew Dickson (Cornell President) 223–24, 246
Whitman, Walt 31–33, 41; Leaves of Grass 31–33
Wilkinson, John Garth 28
Williams, Leslie (Lillie) A. 202, 222, 246
Williams, Roger 70
Williams College 50, 51–52, 54, 139, 158, 163, 290
Wilson, Woodrow (Princeton President, US President) 150, 292, 298, 348–49, 368, 379–80, 388–89, 397, 402
Wirt, William and the “Gary Plan” 9, 376–80
Witmer, Lightner 226, 262, 287, 310, 315–21, 355, 356–57, 383, 384, 395; Analytical Psychology 319
Wolfe, Harry Kirke 221, 222, 225, 246, 262, 294, 343
women in psychology 9, 225, 250, 320, 328–31
Wood, Fernando (NYC mayor) 35
Woodworth, Robert Sessions 248, 249, 252, 265, 268–69, 291–92, 343; Experimental Psychology (“Columbia Bible”) 269, 291
Worcester, Elwood 307–9, 311, 352, 353
Worcester, MA 3, 7, 157–58, 159, 160, 225
World War I 10, 248, 295, 299, 358, 379–80, 390, 395–98
Wright, Chauncey 57, 63–64, 101–3, 104, 107, 108, 113, 122, 123, 124, 137, 145, 293
Wundt, Wilhelm 7, 59, 62, 64, 85, 87–88, 106–7, 108, 111, 120, 124, 136, 137, 138, 145, 150, 167, 190, 191, 221–30, 232, 233, 234, 239–40, 250, 251, 252, 262, 269, 272, 274, 276, 283, 284, 285, 295, 296, 297–98, 307, 311, 316, 326, 328, 331, 332, 347, 353, 362, 373, 407; Grundzüge der physiologischen Psychologie 59, 88, 106, 108, 124, 230; reaction time sensory/muscular anomaly 229–30, 231
Yale University 5, 50, 60, 63, 72, 73, 89, 90, 94, 98, 106, 134, 137, 162, 184, 185, 217, 218, 222, 223, 225, 232, 246, 247, 248, 261, 262, 286, 287, 290, 347, 348, 362, 363, 394, 405, 410; founding, early history 72–73
Yerkes, Robert Mearns 10, 283–84, 386, 391, 393, 395, 397, 398, 399, 400, 406; Committee on Psychological Examination of Recruits 398–400; Dancing Mouse, The 391