Prophecies
Birth in Jesi, Dec. 26, 1194
Character of Henry VI
Hohenstaufen conception of Empire
Baptism
Death of Henry VI
Philip of Swabia; Otto of Brunswick
Sicilian hatred of Germans
Papal policy towards Sicily
Constance’s Concordat with Rome; death, 1198
Innocent: Deliberatio super facto imperii
The Sicilian myth
Markward of Anweiler; Walter of Palear; Walter of Brienne
The Saracens of Sicily
Pisa and Genoa
San Germano
Frederick of age, 1208
Episcopal elections
Wedding with Constance of Aragon, 1209
Death of Aragon knights
Revolt of island barons
Innocent III becomes Pope
Theories of the Papacy
The Priest-State
Murder of Philip of Swabia
Otto of Brunswick crowned in Rome, 1209
Revolt of Apulian nobles
Otto deposed
Frederick sets out for Rome, March 1212
Genoa, Cremona, Chur, Constance
The Children’s Crusade
Alliance with French
Re-elected German King, Dec. 1212
Crowned in Mainz, 1212
The regia stirps of the Hohenstaufen
The Welf-Waibling feud
Guelf and Ghibelline in Italy
The Ghibelline spirit
Bouvines, 1214
Golden Bull of Eger
Lateran Council, 1216
Innocent’s death, 1216
Frederick’s entry into Aix; coronation
Barbarossa’s re-interment of Charlemagne, 1165
Frederick takes the Cross
Death of Otto
Dawn of national consciousness in Germany
Knight and Monk
The Cistercians
The Templars
The Teutonic Order: Hermann of Salza
War with Denmark
The Golden Bull of Rimini, 1226
Pope Honorius III
King Henry elected King of the Romans
Diplomatic victory over the Papacy
Coronation in Rome; ceremonial
De resignandis privilegiis
The Sicilian barons
Diet of Capua
Count of Molise
Deportation of people of Celano
Remodelling of the Feudal System
Architecture
Diet of Messina, 1221
Syracuse
Measures against foreign trade
Creation of Sicilian fleet
Saracen war
Lucera
University of Naples
Crusading disasters; San Germano
Death of Constance of Aragon, 1222
Marriage with Isabella of Jerusalem, 1225
Birth of Conrad
Berard of Palermo
Lombard League
Feud of Cremona and Milan
Franciscans and Dominicans
Diet of Cremona prevented by Lombards, 1226
Leonardo of Pisa
St. Francis
Death of Honorius III
Gregory IX
Rendezvous in Brindisi, 1227
Plague
Frederick falls ill and turns back
Hostility of Gregory IX
Excommunication
Gregory’s entente with Lombards
Loyalty of Rome to Frederick
Frederick’s first manifesto
Frederick sails for East, June 1228
Gregory attacks Sicily
Frederick recovers Cyprus
Lands at Acre
Treaty with al Kamil; 10-year truce
Saracen chivalry
Treachery of Templars
Influence of East on Frederick
Entry into Jerusalem, March 17, 1229
Self-Coronation, March 18
Jerusalem manifesto
Last scenes in Palestine
Frederick lands at Brindisi, June 1229
Exeunt papal troops from Sicily
Attitude of Gregory IX; truce
Peace of Ceperano
Influence of Eastern success
Affection for Sicily
Three emperor models
Constitutions of Melfi, 1231
Expectation of Golden Age and End of World
Augustales minted
Frederick’s birthday a public holiday
Liber Augustalis
Cult of Justitia
Invocation of imperial name
“Crown Prosecution”
Theory of the “Fall”
Necessitas
Dante’s de Monarchia
The Divine Comedy
Pope Gregory and the Liber Augustalis
Relation of Church and State
Zeal against heretics
Muslims and Jews
State organisation: justiciars, notaries
Conditions of service
Treatment of suspects
Rebellious towns
Augusta
Uniformity and simplification of government
Town-creation; frontier protection
Monopolies
Customs and revenue
Weights and measures
Fairs and markets
The Emperor as trader
Taxation
Commercial agreements
Overseas consuls and embassies
A Sicilian nation
Marriage ordinances
Triumph of lay culture
Petrus de Vinea (Piero della Vigna)
Frederick’s public speaking
Frederick amongst intimates
Youthfulness of Sicilian court
Frederick’s retainers; menagerie
Famous families in his service
Thomas Aquinas
Valetti imperatoris
Frederick’s sons
Chivalry at court
Foggia: banquets, revelry
Michael Scot
Sicilian poetry; use of vernacular
Intellectual thought at court
Learning at court
Astronomy and Astrology
Hebrew scholars
Spirit of Enquiry; Ibn Sabin of Ceuta
Research and experiment
De arte venandi cum avibus
The art of seeing “things that are, as they are”
Frederick’s personal appearance
Pope and Emperor in harmony
Diet of Ravenna, 1231
King Henry; Diet of Worms, 1231
Diet of Friuli, 1232
Growing autonomy of German Princes
Theory of German Empire
Burgundy
Loss of Cyprus
Frederick aids Pope against Romans
Ideal relation of Empire and Papacy
Inquisition
Dominicans and Franciscans
Joachim of Flora: Three Ages of the world
John of Vicenza
Conrad of Marburg
King Henry’s rebellion and treason
Fate of Henry
Frederick marries Isabella of England
Diet and Landpeace of Mainz
Use of German for imperial proclamation
End of Welf-Waibling feud
Jew ritual murder case
War with Lombardy
Pope’s manoeuvres
Re-burial of St. Elizabeth. 1236, at Marburg
“Execution of Justice” against Lombardy
Appeal to all Christian monarchs
Appeal to Romans
Art of war in Middle Ages
Frederick of Babenberg “the Quarrelsome”
Arrogance of Gregory IX
“Donation of Constantine”
Capture of Vicenza
Diet of Vicenza
Conrad, King of the Romans
Cortenuova, 1237
The “Triumph” in Cremona
The magic of Rome
Renovatio imperii
Identification with Caesar
Spolia opima from Cortenuova
Lust for personal glorification
Frederick’s wooing of the Romans
Cardinals and Pope
Progress in Lombardy
Diets of Pavia and Turin, 1238
Siege of Brescia; Calamandrinus
Coalition against Frederick
Enzio
Imperial Court at Padua
Frederick’s appeal to the Cardinals
Frederick excommunicated
Death of Hermann of Salza
Reorganisation and defence of Sicily
Destruction of Benevento, 1241
Reorganisation of Italy
War of manifestos and propaganda
Brother Elias
Brother Jordan and the Pope
Christmas in Pisa
Frederick invades the Papal States
Letter to Jesi
At the gates of Rome
Gregory turns the multitude
Cult of the Emperor
The sacratissimum ministerium
Outburst of Sicilian art
Capuan Gate
Nicholas of Pisa
St. Francis and “Gothic” painting
Diet in Foggia, 1240
Inefficacy of papal ban
Princes’ effort to mediate
Surrender of Ravenna
Resistance of Faënza
Cost of prolonged operations
Issue of leather coins
Hostilities against Venice
Gregory’s General Council
Frederick’s counter-measures
Gregory’s pact with Genoa
Fall of Faënza, April 14, 1241
Destruction of Benevento
Victory at sea, 1241; capture of 100 prelates
Mongol threat
Battle of Liegnitz, 1241
Pope hinders Crusade
Muslims retake Jerusalem, Nov. 1240
Frederick negotiates recovery of Jerusalem
Advance on Rome; death of Pope Gregory
Status of Empire in Europe
Relations between Frederick and brother kings
Saint Louis
Stirps caesarea; deification of the Hohenstaufens
Conclave of Terror, 1241
Innocent IV elected Pope
Defection of Viterbo
Treachery of Cardinal Rainer
Provisional peace, 1244; breaks down
Flight of Innocent IV
Lyons
Diet of Verona
Rainer’s hostile propaganda
Council of Lyons
Thaddeus of Suessa
Deposition of Frederick II
Dual interpretation of Frederick’s life
Frederick’s posterity
Satellite giants : Eccelino, Guido of Sessa, Hubert Pallavicini
“Labour of Love”: to purge the Church
Reform manifestos
Pope’s counter-activities
Increasing savagery of Frederick
Lure of the East
Conspiracy of intimates, 1246
Distrust of subordinates
Punishment of conspirators
Complicity of Pope
Henry Raspe
Italy partitioned amongst the Hohenstaufen
March on Germany; threat to Lyons
Defection of Parma
“The Cardinal”
Siege of Parma
Saracens as executioners
Victoria
Defeat before Parma
Money shortage
German knights in Italy
German influence on Renaissance art
Renewed threat to Lyons
Fall of Piero della Vigna
Attempt to poison Frederick
Piero della Vigna’s suicide
Enzio taken prisoner
Fate of King Conrad
Manfred’s rise and fall
Conradin’s coronation
Tagliacozzo; Conradin’s execution
Death of Enzio
Curse on the Hohenstaufen
Parma avenged
Death of Frederick, December 13, 1250
Burial at Palermo
The Frederick myth