1. Trotula of Salerno, The Diseases of Women; a Translation of Passionibus Mulierum Curandorum, by Elizabeth Mason-Hohl. Los Angeles, 1940, p. 23.
2. Friedrich Engels, The Origin of the Family, Private Property, and the State. New York, 1942, p. 9.
3. Pliny, Natural History, with an English Translation, Vol. VIII, trans. W. H. S. Jones. Cambridge, Mass., 1948, p. 55.
4. Pliny, Natural History, with an English Translation, Vol. II, trans. H. Rackham. Cambridge, Mass., 1951, pp. 547–549.
5. Leviticus 16: 19–24.
6. Leviticus 12:2–4.
7. Calatians 3: 28.
8. Jill Tweedie, reviewing Of Women Born, Motherhood as Experience and Institution, in Saturday Review, November 13, 1976, p. 28.
9. Christine de Pisan, Cyte of Ladyes, trans. B. Anslay, London, 1521, Bk. 2, Ch. 36, cited in Not in God’s Image, ed. Julia O’Faolain and Lauro Martines. New York, 1973, p. 181.
10. Christine de Pisan, Oeuvres Poétiques, 3 vols., ed. Maurice Roy. Paris, 1965 (reprint of 1891 edition), Vol. II, p. 21, lines 645–651, 664.
11. Christine de Pisan, Oeuvres, Vol. II, p. 23–24, lines 722–723, 733–734.
1. Vern Bullough, The Subordinate Sex, a History of Attitudes Toward Women. Urbana, 111., 1976, p. 50.
2. Pliny, Letters and Panegyrics, trans. Betty Radice. Cambridge, Mass., 1969, Vol. I, pp. 297–298.
3. Juvenal, Satires, VI, in Juvenal and Persius, trans. G. G. Ramsay. Cambridge, Mass., 1961, p. 121, lines 438–439.
4. St. Jerome, Select Letters, trans. F. A. Wright. Cambridge, Mass., 1963, PP-346–347
5. Tacitus, Germania, in Tacitus in Five Volumes, trans. M. Hutton. Cambridge, Mass., 1970, Vol. I, p. 163.
6. Ibid., p. 159.
7. Ibid., p. 159.
8. Ibid., p. 143.
9. Gregory of Tours, History of the Franks, trans. O. M. Dalton. Oxford, 1927, Vol. II, pp. 117–118.
10. The Burgundian Code, trans. Katherine Fischer Drew. Philadelphia, 1972, p. 78.
11. Ibid., p. 32.
12. Einhard, Life of Charlemagne, trans. Evelyn S. Firchow. Coral Gables, Fla., 1972, p. 80.
13. “Laws of Ethelbert,” English Historical Documents, Vol. I, c. 500–1042, ed. Dorothy Whitelock. New York, 1968, pp. 358–359, articles 14, 16, 73.
14. Ibid., p. 359, articles 79, 80, 81.
15. “The Will of King Alfred,” English Historical Documents, Vol. I, pp. 492–495.
16. “The Will of Wynflaed,” Anglo-Saxon Wills, trans. Dorothy Whitelock. Cambridge, Eng., 1930, pp. 11–15.
17. “Will of Wulfwaru,” Anglo-Saxon Wills, p. 62.
18. “Laws of Cnut,” English Historical Documents, Vol. I, p. 429, article 74.
19. Ibid., p. 430, articles 76, 76 1a, 76 lb.
20. “Family Lawsuit,” English Historical Documents, Vol. I, p. 556.
21. Procopius, History of the Wars, in Procopius with an English Translation, trans. H. B. Dewing. Cambridge, Mass., 1961, V, ii, p. 15.
22. The Alexiad of Anna Comnena, trans. E. R. A. Sewter. Baltimore, 1969, p. 66.
23. Ibid., p. 147.
24. David Herlihy, “Land, Family, and Women in Continental Europe, 701–1200,” in Women in Medieval Society, ed. Susan Mosher Stuard. Philadelphia, 1976, p. 34.
1. Glanville, Ranulf de, De legibus et consuetudinibus regni Angliae, trans. John Beames as A Treatise on the Laws and Customs of England. London, 1812, pp. 175–176.
2. Marc Bloch, Feudal Society, trans. L. A. Manyon. Chicago, 1964, Vol. I, p. 227.
3. The Great Roll of the Pipe for the Ninth Year of King John, ed. A. M. Kirkus. London, 1946, cited in Joseph R. Strayer, Feudalism. Princeton, 1965, p. 143
4. Ibid., p. 144.
5. William Blackstone, Commentaries, ed. William Carey Jones. San Francisco, 1916, Vol. I, pp. 625–634.
6. Saint Bernardine of Siena, Sermons, ed. Don Nazarene Orlandi, trans. Helen Josephine Robins. Siena, 1920, pp. 77, 79–80.
7. Thomas Aquinas, Summa contra Gentiles, trans, by the English Dominican Fathers. London, 1923, p. 112.
8. Thomas Aquinas, Summa Theologica, trans, by the English Dominican Fathers. London, 1964, Vol. 34, p. 151.
9. Thomas Aquinas, Summa contra Gentiles, p. 116.
10. Thomas Aquinas, Commentary on the Nichomachean Ethics, trans. C. I. Litzinger. Chicago, 1964, pp. 767–768.
11. Saint Bonaventure, On the Sentences, in John T. Noonan, Jr., Contraception, a History of Its Treatment by the Catholic Theologians and Canonists. Cambridge, Mass., 1965, p. 256.
1. I Corinthians 7:29.
2. Tertullian, De anima, in J. P. Migne, ed., Patrologia Latina, Vol. II. Paris, 1844, Col. 700.
3. Tertullian, Ad uxorem, in Patrologia Latina, Vol. I. Paris, 1879, Col. 1394
4. 4. I Corinthians 7:7.
5. I Corinthians 7:1.
6. Ephesians 5:22.
7. Tertullian, De cultu feminarum, in Patrologia Latina, Vol. I, Col. 1418–1419.
8. Tertullian, Ad uxorem, in Patrologia Latina, Vol. I, Col. 1385.
9. Marbodi Episcopi Redonensis, Liber decern capitulorum. Heidelberg, 1947, pp. 12–13.
10. G. G. Coulton, From St. Francis to Dante, Translations from the Chronicle of the Franciscan Salimbene, 1221–1288. Philadelphia, 1972 (reprint of 1907 edition), p. 97.
11. A. Lecoy de la Marche, La chaire française au moyen âge. Paris, 1886, pp. 438–439.
12. Humbert de Romans, “Ad omnes mulieres,” cited in Bede Jarrett, Social Theories of the Middle Ages, 1200–1500. New York, 1966, pp. 70–72.
13. Tertullian, De Cultu feminarum, in Patrologia Latina, I, Col. 1429.
14. Thomas Aquinas, Summa Theologica, Vol. 13, p. 37.
15. Ibid., pp. 59–61.
16. Conon de Bethune, “Chanson d’Amour,” Penguin Book of French Verse, Vol. I, ed. Brian Woledge. Baltimore, 1966, p. 96.
17. Le Chatelain de Coucy, “Chanson d’Amour,” Penguin Book of French Verse, p. 98.
18. Le Chatelain de Coucy, “Chanson d’Amour,” Penguin Book of French Verse, p. 99.
19. Le Chatelain de Coucy, “Chanson d’Amour,” Penguin Book of French Verse, p. 96.
20. Jean de Meung, Roman de la Rose, trans. David and Patricia Herlihy, in Medieval Culture and Society, ed. David Herlihy. New York, 1968, p. 237.
21. Les quinze joyes de manage, ed. Joan Crow. Oxford, 1969.
22. “Anonymous Aube,” Penguin Book of French Verse, p. 90.
23. Anthology of the Provençal Troubadours, ed. Raymond T. Hill and Thomas G. Bergin. New Haven, 1941, p. 96.
24. Andreas Capellanus, The Art of Courtly Love, trans. J. J. Parry. New York, 1941, pp. 106, 107.
25. Fuero Jusgo, II, iv, 4, Madrid, 1815, cited in Not in God’s Image, p. 178.
26. Statuti di Perugia, ed. G. degli Azzi. Rome, 1913, cited in Not in God’s Image, p. 178.
27. Edgcumbe Staley, The Guilds of Florence. New York, 1967, p. 91.
28. Coutumes de Beauvaisis, ed. A. Salmon. Paris, 1899, p. 335.
29. The Lawes Resolution of Womens Rights, London, 1632, cited in Not in God’s Image, p. 176.
30. Cherubino de Siena, Regole della vita matrimoniale. Bologna, 1888, pp. 12–14, citied in Not in God’s Image, p. 177.
31. Ancient Popular Poetry, ed. J. Ritson. London, 1884, Vol. II, p. 20, lines 131–132.
32. Jean de Joinville, The Life of St. Louis, in Chronicles of the Crusades, trans. M. R. B. Shaw. Baltimore, 1963, p. 225.
33. Aristotle, Generation of Animals, trans. A. L. Peck. Cambridge, Mass., 1943, Bk. 1, pp. 101, 103, 109, 113.
34. Ibid., Bk. IV, vi, pp. 459 ff.
35. Thomas Aquinas, Summa Theologica, Vol. 13, p. 37.
36. Albertus Magnus, De Secretis Mulierum. Lyons, 1615, cited in Not in God’s Image, pp. 124–125.
37. Galen, De Uteri Dissectione. Basel, 1536, cited in Not in God’s Image, p. 120.
38. P. Borgarucci, Della contemplatione anatomica sopra tutte le parti del corpo humano. Venice, 1564, cited in Not in God’s Image, pp. 121–122.
39. I. de Valverde, Historia de la composicion del cuerpo humano. Rome, 1556, cited in Not in God’s Image, p. 122.
40. Hostiensis, Lectura, X, 4.13.11, cited in James A. Brundage, “Prostitution in the Medieval Canon Law,” Signs, Summer 1976, Vol. 1, No. 4, p. 832.
41. I Corinthians 7.
42. Geoffrey Chaucer, The Canterbury Tales, trans, into modern English by Nevill Coghill. Baltimore, i960, p. 278.
43. John F. Benton, ed., Self and Society in Medieval France, the Memoirs of Abbot Guibert of Nogent. New York, 1970, p. 149.
44. Ibid., pp. 63–64, 67.
45. Augustine, The Good of Marriage, in Corpus scriptorum ecclesiasticorum latinorum. Vienna, 1866, Vol. 41, p. 208.
46. Augustine, Against Julian, in Patrologia Latina, Vol. 44, Turnhout, Belgium, n.d., Col. 687.
47. Huguccio, Summa, 2.32.2.1, cited in Noonan, Contraception, p. 197.
48. Robert of Courgon, Summa Theologica, cited in Noonan, Contraception, p. 198.
49. William of Auxerre, Summa aurea in quattuor libros sententiarum, IV, f. 288. Frankfurt, 1964 (facsimile of edition of Paris, 1500).
50. Bartholomew of Exeter, Penitential, ed. Adrian Morey. Cambridge, Eng., 1937, p. 204.
51. Hostiensis, Summa aurea. Lyons, 1542, cited in Noonan, Contraception, p. 272.
52. Bernardine of Siena, Seraphic Sermons, 19, cited in Noonan, Contraception, p. 273.
53. Jean Gerson, “Sermon Against Lechery for the Second Sunday in Advent,” Opera, III, Antwerp, 1706, cited in Noonan, Contraception, p. 269.
54. Bernardine of Siena, Le prediche volgari. Florence, 1958, cited in Noonan, Contraception, p. 433.
55. Guillaume de St.-Pathus, Vie de Saint-Louis. Paris, 1899, pp. 129–130.
56. Lina Eckenstein, Woman Under Monasticism. New York, 1963 (reprint of 1896 edition), p. 293.
57. Jacques de Vitry, Historia occidentalis. Westmead, Eng., 1971 (facsimile of 1597 edition), p. 278.
58. Michael Psellus, Chronographia, trans. E. R. A. Sewter. New Haven, 1953, PP-73–74.
59. Chaucer, Canterbury Tales, pp. 292–296.
1. Eckenstein, Woman under Monasticism, pp. 135–137.
2. Anne L. Haight, Hroswitha of Gandersheim. New York, 1965, p. 21.
3. Eckenstein, Woman under Monasticism, pp. 172–174.
4. F. A. Gasquet, English MonasticLife. Freeport, New York, 1971 (reprint of 1904 edition), pp. 155–156.
5. Johann Busch, Liber de Reformatione Monasteriorum, ed. Karl Grube. Halle, 1886, pp. 644–645.
6. The Rule of St. Benedict, ed. and trans. Justin McCann. Westminster, Md., 1963, Chapter 48, p. 111.
7. Regestrum Visitationum Archiepiscopi Rothomagensis, cited in Eileen Power, Medieval English Nunneries. Cambridge, Eng., 1922, p. 652.
8. Ibid., p. 654.
9. Ibid., p. 654.
10. Jacques de Vitry, cited in Power, Medieval English Nunneries, p. 372.
11. Power, Medieval English Nunneries, p. 657.
12. Ibid., p. 45.
13. Patrologia Latina, Vol. 197, Turnhout (Belgium), n.d., Col. 384.
14. Ibid., Col. 109–110.
15. Boethius, The Consolation of Philosophy, Bk. 1, trans. Richard Green. Indianapolis, Ind., 1962, pp. 5–6.
16. Charles Singer, “The Scientific Views and Visions of Saint Hildegarde (1098–1180),” Studies in the History and Method of Science. Oxford, 1917, p. 32 (also in From Magic to Science, New York, 1958, pp. 215–216).
17. Patrologia Latina, Vol. 197, Col. 742–743.
18. Ibid., Col. 743.
19. Ibid., Col. 744.
20. Ibid., Col. 425.
21. Ibid., Col. 415.
22. Ibid., Col. 145.
23. Ibid., Col. 186–187.
24. J. B. Pitra, ed., Analecta Sacra, Vol. VIII. Paris, 1882, p. 556, cited in Albert Battandier, “Sainte Hildegarde, sa vie et ses oeuvres,” Revue des Questions Historiques, XXXIII (1883), p. 415.
25. Ibid., p. 415.
26. Patrologia Latina, Vol. 197, Col. 17–18.
27. Revelations of Mechtild of Magdeburg, 1210–1297, trans. Lucy Menzies. London, 1953, p. 67.
28. Ibid., p. 21.
29. Ibid., p. 11.
30. Ibid., p. 11.
31. Ibid., p. 9.
32. St. Bernard, Sermones in Cantica, in Patrologia Latina, Vol. 183, Col. 1091.
33. R. W. Southern, Western Society and the Church in the Middle Ages. Harmondsworth, Eng., 1970, p. 314.
34. J. Moorman, A History of the Franciscan Order from Its Origins to the Year 1517. Oxford, 1965, p. 35.
35. H. Gundmann, Religiöse Bewegungen im Mittelalter. Darmstadt, 1970, p. 263.
36. Thomas of Eccleston, The Coming of the Friars Minor to England (De adventu fratrum minorum in Angliam), in Thirteenth Century Chronicles, trans. Placid Hermann. Chicago, 1961, pp. 185–186.
37. Southern, Western Society and the Church, p. 329.
38. Ibid., p. 330.
39. The Book of Margery Kempe, A.D. 1436, ed. W. Butler-Bowdon. London, 1944, pp. 23–25.
40. Ibid., pp. 68–69.
41. Ibid., p. 105.
42. Ibid., p. 12;.
43. Ibid., pp. 131, 134.
44. Ibid., pp. 88, 90.
45. Ibid., p. 181.
46. J. Vaissète, Histoire générale du Languedoc. Toulouse, 1872–92, Vol. VIII, p. 224.
1. Louis Sebastien Le Nain de Tillemont, Vie de Saint-Louis, ed. J. de Gaulle. Paris, 1847, Vol. I, p. 6.
2. Philippe Mousket, Chronique, in Recueil des historiens des Gaules et de la France, Vol. XXII, Paris, 1855, p. 38, lines 27145–27148.
3. Chronicon Turonense, in Recueil des historiens des Gaules et de la France, Vol. XVIII, Paris, 1879, p. 317.
4. Adam of Eynsham, Life of St. Hugh of Lincoln (Magna Vita Hugonis Episcopi Linconensis), ed. and trans. Decima L. Dowie and Dom Hugh Farmer. London, 1962, Vol. II, p. 48.
5. Ibid., p. 156.
6. Guillaume de St.-Pathus, Vie de Saint-Louis, in Recueil des historiens des Gaules et de la France, Vol. XX. Paris, 1890, p. 65.
7. Joinville, Life of St. Louis, pp. 181–182.
8. Récits d’un ménéstrel de Reims au XIIle siècle, ed. J. N. de Wailly. Paris 1876, pp. 301–302.
9. Hincmar of Reims, De ordine palatii, Monumenta Germaniae Historica, Capitularia regum Francorum, 2, ed. A. Boretius. Hanover, 1897, p. 525
10. 10. Thibaut IV, “Chanson,” Le Livre d’Amour. New York, 1887, p. 134.
11. Extraits des chroniques de St. Denis, in Recueil des historiens des Gaules et de la France, Vol. XXI, Paris, 1865, pp. 111–112.
12. Matthew Paris, Chronica majora, ed. H. R. Luard. London, 1872, Vol. Ill, p. 169.
13. Guillaume de Nangis, Vie de Saint-Louis, in Recueil des historiens des Gaules et de la France, Vol. XX. Paris, 1890, p. 322.
14. Joinville, Life of St. Louis, p. 316.
15. Ibid., p. 316.
16. Ibid., pp. 187–188.
17. Matthew Paris, Chronica majora, Vol. IV, p. 253.
18. Joinville, Life of St. Louis, p. 190.
19. Matthew Paris, Chronica majora, Vol. VI, p. 154.
20. Matthew Paris, Chronica majora, Vol. V, pp. 260–261.
21. Les grandes chroniques de France, ed. Jules Viard, Vol. VII. Paris, 1932, p. 169.
22. Matthew Paris, Chronica majora, Vol. V, p. 354.
23. Grandes chroniques, Vol. VII, pp. 167–168.
24. “La deposition de Charles d’Anjou pour le procès de canonisation de Saint Louis,” Notices et documents publiés pour la Soáété de l’Histoire de France. Paris, 1884, p. 169.
25. Matthew Paris, Chronica majora. Vol. V, p. 354.
26. Robert Fawtier, The Capetian Kings of France, trans. Lionel Butler. London, 1965, p. 28.
1. “Jehan et Blonde,” Oeuvres Poetiques de Philippe de Rémi, Sire de Beaumanoir, Vol. II. New York, 1966 (reprint of 1885 edition).
2. Bibliothèque Nationale MS Clairembault 1188, f. 80, cited in Charles Bémont, Simon de Montfort, Comte de Leicester. Paris, 1884, pp. 333–335
3. Matthew Paris, Chronica Majora, Vol. III, p. 475.
4. Ibid., pp. 479–480.
5. Close Rolls, Henry III, 1237–42, cited in Margaret Wade Labarge, Simon de Montfort. London, 1962, p. 51.
6. Matthew Paris, Chronica Majora, Vol. III, p. 487.
7. Ibid., pp. 566–567.
8. Ibid., p. 335.
9. Mary Ann Everett Green, Lives of the Princesses of England, Vol. II. London, 1849, p. 82.
10. Adae de Marisco Epistolae, in Monumenta Franciscana, Vol. I, ed. J. S. Brewer. London, 1858, p. 264.
11. Ibid., pp. 294–296.
12. Ibid., p. 299.
13. Royal Letters, Henry III, ed. W. W. Shirley. London, 1862–1866, Vol. II, Letter No. 644, pp. 294–295.
14. Green, Lives of the Princesses, Vol. II, Appendix VIII, p. 456.
15. T. Rymer, Foedera Conventiones, Litterae et cujuscunque generis Acta Publica, ed. T. D. Hardy and D. Sandeman, Vol. I, 1066–1307. London, 1816, Pt. I, 576.
1. Adalbero, Bishop of Laon, cited in R. H. Hilton, Bond Men Made Free. New York, 1973, pp. 53–54.
2. Matthew Paris, Chronica majora, Vol. IV, p. 262.
3. J. A. Raftis, Tenure and Mobility. Toronto, 1964, pp. 44–45.
4. Ibid., p. 44.
5. P. D. A. Harvey, A Medieval Oxfordshire Village: Cuxham, 1240 to-1400. Oxford, 1965, p. 123.
6. George C. Homans, English Villagers of the Thirteenth Century. New York, 1975, p. 181.
7. Raftis, Tenure and Mobility, pp. 72–73.
8. Mathilde l’Aigle, Le livre des trois vertus de Christine de Pisan. Paris, 1912, p. 299.
9. Chaucer, Canterbury Tales, pp. 230–231.
10. William Langland, Piers Plowman’s Crede, ed. W. W. Skeat. London, 1867, pp. 16–17.
1. Chaucer, Canterbury Tales, p. 29.
2. Georges Espinas, Les origines du capitalisme, Vol. I, Sire Jehan Boinebroke, patricien et drapier douaisien. Lille, 1933, pp. 18–20.
3. Ibid., p. 21.
4. Ibid., pp. 29–30.
5. Ibid., pp. 21–24.
6. Ibid., p. 29.
7. Powers, Medieval Women, p. 59.
8. Ibid., p. 59.
9. English Guilds: The Original Ordinances of More Than One Hundred Early English Guilds, ed. J. Toulmin Smith. London, 1870, p. 382.
10. Book of Margery Kempe, p. 9.
11. William Langland, The Vision of William Concerning Piers Plowman, ed. W. W. Skeat. Oxford, 1906, p. 51, lines 226–227.
12. M. de la Fontanelle de Vaudoré, Les arts et métiers à Poitiers pendant les Xllle, XIVe et XVé siècles. Poitiers, 1837, p. 13.
13. Auguste Parenty, Les anciennes corporations d’arts et métiers de la ville d’Arras. Paris, 1868, p. 42.
14. Vaudoré, Arts et métiers à Poitiers, p. 18.
15. Proceedings, Minutes and Enrolments of the Company of Soapmakers of Bristol, 1562–1642, ed. H. E. Matthews. Bristol, 1940, pp. 47, 52.
16. English Guilds, p. 182.
17. Ibid., p. 180.
18. Sylvia Thrupp, The Merchant Class of Medieval London. Ann Arbor, Mich., 1962, p. 152.
19. H. T. Riley, Memorials of London and London Life, 1276–1419. London, 1868, p. 52.
1. Iris Origo, The Merchant of Prato, Francesco di Marco Datini. New York, 1957, p. 160.
2. Ibid., p. 161.
3. Ibid., p. 66.
4. Ibid., p. 264.
5. Le Ménagier de Paris, trans. Eileen Power. London, 1928, pp. 50–51.
6. Origo, Merchant of Prato, p. 250.
7. Ibid., p. 250.
8. Leon Battista Alberti, I Libri della Famiglia, trans. Renee Neu Watkins as The Family in Renaissance Florence. Columbia, S.C., 1969, pp. 222–224.
9. Origo, Merchant of Prato, p. 192.
10. Ibid., p. 193.
11. Ibid., p. 193.
12. “Le lettere di Margherita Datini a Francesco di Marco,” ed. Valeria Rosati, Archivio di Stato Pratese, 1975, p. 33.
13. Alberti, I Libri della Famiglia, pp. 220–221.
14. Ibid., p. 224.
15. Origo, Merchant of Prato, p. 162.
16. “Lettere di Margherita Datini,” p. 12.
17. Origo, Merchant of Prato, p. 210.
18. Ibid., pp. 210–211.
19. Christine de Pisan, Citye of Ladyes, I, 11, cited in Not in God’s Image, p. 181.
20. “Lettere di Margherita Datini,” p. 19.
21. Ibid., p. 25.
22. Ibid., p. 27.
23. Ibid., p. 9.
24. Ibid., pp. 35–36.
25. Ibid., p. 18.
26. Ibid., pp. 57, 58.
27. Ibid., p. 47.
28. Origo, Merchant of Prato, p. 186.
29. Ibid., p. 186.
30. Ibid., p. 187.
31. Ibid., p. 188.
32. Ibid., pp. 200–201.
33. Saint Bernardine of Siena, Sermons, p. 89.
34. Origo, Merchant of Prato, p. 330.
35. Menagier de Paris, pp. 171–172.
36. Origo, Merchant of Prato, p. 338.
37. Ibid., p. 299.
38. Two Memoirs of Renaissance Florence, the Diaries of Buonaccorso Pitti and Gregorio Dati, trans. Julia Martines. New York, 1967, pp. 115–117.
1. The Paston Letters and Papers of the Fifteenth Century, ed. Norman Davis. Oxford, 1971, Vol. I, p. 26.
2. Ibid., pp. xli-xlii.
3. Ibid., p. 7.
4. Ibid., p. 218.
5. Ibid., p. 251.
6. Ibid., p. 254.
7. T. D. Fosbroke, Abstracts and Extracts of Smyth’s Lives of the Berkeleys, London, 1821, pp. 152–153.
8. Paston Letters, Vol. I, p. 225.
9. Ibid., Vol. I. p. 268.
10. Ibid., Vol. II, p. 358.
11. Ibid., Vol. I, p. 251.
12. Ibid., Vol. I, p. 243.
13. Ibid., Vol. I, p. 339.
14. The Italian Relation of England, ed. C. A. Sneyd, London, 1847, p. 24, cited in H. S. Bennett, The Pastons and Their England. Cambridge, Eng., 1970 (reprint of 1922 edition), p. 82.
15. The Plumpton Correspondence, ed. T. Stapleton. London, 1839, pp. 190–191.
16. Paston Letters, Vol. II, p. 32.
17. id., Vol. I, p. 370.
18. Ibid., Vol. I, p. 330.
19. Ibid., Vol. I, p. 300.
20. Ibid., Vol. I, p. 361.
21. Ibid., Vol. I, p. 340.
22. Ibid., Vol. I, p. 541.
23. Ibid., Vol. I, p. 613.
24. Ibid., Vol. I, p. 639.
25. Ibid., Vol. I, p. 287.
26. Ibid., Vol. II, p. 498.
27. Ibid., Vol. I, p. 342.
28. Ibid., Vol. I, p. 342.
29. Ibid., Vol. I, p. 343.
30. Ibid., Vol. I, p. 662.
31. Ibid., Vol. I, p. 665.
32. Ibid., Vol. I, p. 472.
33. Ibid., Vol. I, p. 437.
34. Ibid., Vol. I, p. 450.
1. Alberti, I Libri della Famiglia, p. 208.
2. Dante, Divine Comedy, III, Paradiso, trans. Louis Biancolli. New York, 1966, p. 59.
3. Giovanni Villani, Chronica, 2:96, Florence, 1823, cited in David Herlihy, “Life Expectancies for Women in Medieval Society,” The Role of Woman in the Middle Ages, Albany, 1975, p. 19.
4. Guido Rossi, “Statut juridique de la femme dans l’histoire du droit italien, époque mediévale et moderne,” Société Jean Bodin, Recueils: La Femme II. Brussels, 1962, p. 120.