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Index
Cover
Title Page
Copyright
Dedication
Contents
Preface
I
II
III
Part One: Setting the Scene
Chapter One: The Target and the Arrows
1. Introduction: The Target
2. The Arrows
(i) Shooting at the Sun
(ii) Resurrection and History
(a) The Senses of ‘History’
(b) No Access?
(c) No Analogy?
(d) No Real Evidence?
(iii) Resurrection in History and Theology
(a) No Other Starting-Point?
(b) Resurrection and Christology
(c) Resurrection and Eschatology
3. The Historical Starting-Point
Chapter Two: Shadows, Souls and Where They Go: Life beyond Death in Ancient Paganism
1. Introduction
2. Shadows, Souls or Potential Gods?
(i) Introduction
(ii) Witless Shadows in a Murky World?
(iii) Disembodied but Otherwise Fairly Normal?
(iv) Souls Released from Prison?
(v) Becoming a God (or at Least a Star)?
3. Further Life from within the World of the Dead?
(i) Introduction
(ii) Eating with the Dead
(iii) Spirits, Souls and Ghosts
(iv) Returning from the Underworld
(v) Cheating Death: The Scheintod Motif in Novels
(vi) Translated to Be with the Gods
(vii) Transmigration of Souls
(viii) Dying and Rising Gods
4. Conclusion: The One-Way Street
Chapter Three: Time to Wake Up (1): Death and beyond in the Old Testament
1. Introduction
2. Asleep with the Ancestors
(i) Next to Nothingness
(ii) Disturbing the Dead
(iii) The Unexplained Exceptions
(iv) The Land of No Return
(v) The Nature and Ground of Hope
3. And Afterwards?
(i) Introduction
(ii) Delivered from Sheol?
(iii) Glory after Suffering?
(iv) The Basis of Future Hope
4. Awakening the Sleepers
(i) Introduction
(ii) Daniel 12: The Sleepers Wake, the Wise Shine
(iii) The Servant and the Dust-Dwellers: Isaiah
(iv) On the Third Day: Hosea
(v) Dry Bones and God’s Breath: Ezekiel
(vi) Resurrection and the Hope of Israel
5. Conclusion
Chapter Four: Time to Wake Up (2): Hope beyond Death in Post-Biblical Judaism
1. Introduction: The Spectrum
2. No Future Life, or None to Speak of: The Sadducees
3. Blessed (and Disembodied) Immortality
4. Resurrection in Second-Temple Judaism
(i) Introduction
(ii) Resurrection in the Bible: The More Greek the Better
(iii) New Life for the Martyrs: 2 Maccabees
(iv) Judgment and Life in God’s New World: Resurrection and Apocalyptic
(v) Resurrection as the Vindication of the Suffering Wise: The Wisdom of Solomon
(vi) Resurrection, in Other Words: Josephus
(vii) Resurrection at Qumran?
(viii) Pseudo-Philo, Biblical Antiquities
(ix) Pharisees, Rabbis and Targumim
5. Resurrection in Ancient Judaism: Conclusion
Part Two: Resurrection in Paul
Chapter Five: Resurrection in Paul (Outside the Corinthian Correspondence)
1. Introduction: The Early Christian Hope
2. 1 and 2 Thessalonians
3. Galatians
4. Philippians
5. Ephesians and Colossians
6. Philemon
7. Romans
(i) Introduction
(ii) Romans 1–4
(iii) Romans 5–8
(iv) Romans 9–11
(v) Romans 12–16
8. Interlude: The Pastoral Epistles
9. Paul (Outside the Corinthian Correspondence): Conclusion
Chapter Six: Resurrection in Corinth (1): Introduction
1. Introduction: The Problem
2. Resurrection in 1 Corinthians (Apart from Chapter 15)
(i) Introduction
(ii) 1 Corinthians 1–4: God’s Wisdom, God’s Power, God’s Future
(iii) 1 Corinthians 5–6: Sex, Lawyers and Judgment
(iv) 1 Corinthians 7: Marriage
(v) 1 Corinthians 8–10: Idols, Food, Monotheism and Apostolic Freedom
(vi) 1 Corinthians 11–14: Worship and Love
3. Resurrection in 2 Corinthians (Apart from 4:7–5:11)
(i) Introduction
(ii) 2 Corinthians 1–2: Suffering and Comfort
(iii) 2 Corinthians 3:1–6:13: The Apostolic Apologia
(iv) 2 Corinthians 6:14–9:15: Fragments?
(v) 2 Corinthians 10–13: Weakness and Power
4. Conclusion: Resurrection at Corinth
Chapter Seven: Resurrection in Corinth (2): The Key Passages
1. 1 Corinthians 15
(i) Introduction
(ii) 1 Corinthians 15:1–11
(iii) 1 Corinthians 15:12–28
(a) Introduction
(b) 1 Corinthians 15:12–19
(c) 1 Corinthians 15:20–28
(iv) 1 Corinthians 15:29–34
(v) 1 Corinthians 15:35–49
(a) Introduction
(b) 1 Corinthians 15:35–41
(c) 1 Corinthians 15:42–9
(vi) 1 Corinthians 15:50–58
(vii) 1 Corinthians 15: Conclusion
2. 2 Corinthians 4:7–5:10
(i) Introduction
(ii) 2 Corinthians 4:7–15
(iii) 2 Corinthians 4:16–5:5
(iv) 2 Corinthians 5:6–10
(v) Conclusion
3. Conclusion: Resurrection in Paul
Chapter Eight: When Paul Saw Jesus
1. Introduction
2. Paul’s Own Accounts
(i) Galatians 1:11–17
(ii) 1 Corinthians 9:1
(iii) 1 Corinthians 15:8–11
(iv) 2 Corinthians 4:6
(v) 2 Corinthians 12:1–4
3. Paul’s Conversion/Call in Acts
4. Conversion and Christology
5. Conclusion
Part Three: Resurrection in Early Christianity (Apart from Paul)
Chapter Nine: Hope Refocused (1): Gospel Traditions outside the Easter Narratives
1. Introduction
2. Resurrection in Mark and Its Parallels
(i) Healing
(ii) Challenge
(iii) The Future Vindication of Jesus
(iv) Puzzles
(a) Herod
(b) The Disciples’ Perplexity
(v) The Sadducees’ Question
(a) Introduction
(b) No Marriage in the Resurrection
(c) God of the Living
(d) Patriarchs, Exodus and Kingdom
3. Resurrection in the Matthew/Luke Material (Sometimes Known as ‘Q’)
4. Resurrection in Matthew
5. Resurrection in Luke
6. Resurrection in John
7. Resurrection in the Gospels: Conclusion
Chapter Ten: Hope Refocused (2): Other New Testament Writings
1. Introduction
2. Acts
3. Hebrews
4. The General Letters
5. Revelation
6. Conclusion: Resurrection in the New Testament
Chapter Eleven: Hope Refocused (3): Non-Canonical Early Christian Texts
1. Introduction
2. Apostolic Fathers
(i) 1 Clement
(ii) 2 Clement
(iii) Ignatius of Antioch
(iv) Polycarp: Letter and Martyrdom
(v) The Didache
(vi) Barnabas
(vii) The Shepherd of Hermas
(viii) Papias
(ix) The Epistle to Diognetus
3. Early Christian Apocrypha
(i) Introduction
(ii) The Ascension of Isaiah
(iii) The Apocalypse of Peter
(iv) 5 Ezra
(v) The Epistula Apostolorum
4. The Apologists
(i) Justin Martyr
(ii) Athenagoras
(iii) Theophilus
(iv) Minucius Felix
5. The Great Early Theologians
(i) Tertullian
(ii) Irenaeus
(iii) Hippolytus
(iv) Origen
6. Early Syriac Christianity
(i) Introduction
(ii) The Odes of Solomon
(iii) Tatian
(iv) The Acts of Thomas
7. ‘Resurrection’ as Spirituality? Texts from Nag Hammadi and Elsewhere
(i) Introduction
(ii) The Gospel of Thomas
(iii) Other Thomas Literature
(iv) The Epistle to Rheginos
(v) The Gospel of Philip
(vi) Other Nag Hammadi Treatises
(vii) The Gospel of the Saviour
(viii) Nag Hammadi: Conclusion
8. The Second Century: Conclusion
Chapter Twelve: Hope in Person: Jesus as Messiah and Lord
1. Introduction
2. Jesus as Messiah
(i) Messiahship in Early Christianity
(ii) Messiahship in Judaism
(iii) Why Then Call Jesus Messiah?
3. Jesus, the Messiah, Is Lord
(i) Introduction
(ii) Jesus and the Kingdom
(iii) Jesus and Caesar
(iv) Jesus and YHWH
4. Conclusion: Resurrection Within the Early Christian Worldview
Part Four: The Story of Easter
Chapter Thirteen: General Issues in the Easter Stories
1. Introduction
2. The Origin of the Resurrection Narratives
(i) Sources and Traditions?
(ii) The Gospel of Peter
(iii) The Form of the Story
(iv) Redaction and Composition?
3. The Surprise of the Resurrection Narratives
(i) The Strange Silence of the Bible in the Stories
(ii) The Strange Absence of Personal Hope in the Stories
(iii) The Strange Portrait of Jesus in the Stories
(iv) The Strange Presence of the Women in the Stories
4. The Historical Options
Chapter Fourteen: Fear and Trembling: Mark
1. Introduction
2. The Ending
3. From Story to History
4. Easter Day from Mark’s Point of View
Chapter Fifteen: Earthquakes and Angels: Matthew
1. Introduction
2. Ruptured Earth and Rising Corpses
3. The Priests, the Guards and the Bribe
4. Tomb, Angels, First Appearance (28:1–10)
5. On the Mountain in Galilee (28:16–20)
6. Matthew and the Resurrection: Conclusion
Chapter Sixteen: Burning Hearts and Broken Bread: Luke
1. Introduction
2. Luke 24 and Acts 1 within Luke’s Work as a Whole
3. The Unique Event
4. Easter and the Life of the Church
5. Luke and the Resurrection: Conclusion
Chapter Seventeen: New Day, New Tasks: John
1. Introduction
2. John 20 within the Gospel as a Whole
3. The Contribution of John 21
4. The Gospel Easter Stories: Conclusion
Part Five: Belief, Event and Meaning
Chapter Eighteen: Easter and History
1. Introduction
2. The Tomb and the Meetings
3. Two Rival Theories
(i) ‘Cognitive Dissonance’
(ii) A New Experience of Grace
4. The Necessary Condition
5. The Historical Challenge of Jesus’ Resurrection
Chapter Nineteen: The Risen Jesus as the Son of God
1. Worldview, Meaning and Theology
2. The Meanings of ‘Son of God’
(i) Introduction
(ii) Resurrection and Messiahship
(iii) Resurrection and World Lordship
(iv) Resurrection and the Question of God
3. Shooting at the Sun?
Bibliography
Abbreviations
1. Stylistic Shorthands
2. Primary Sources
3. Secondary Sources, Etc.
A: Primary Sources
1. Bible
2. Other Jewish Texts
3. Other Early Christian and Related Texts
4. Pagan Texts
B: Secondary Literature
Indexes
Index of Ancient Sources
1. Old Testament
2. Apocrypha
3. Pseudepigrapha
4. Qumran
5. Josephus
6. Philo
7. Rabbinic Works
8. New Testament
9. Christian and/or Gnostic Works
10. Greco-Roman Texts
11. Persian Texts
12. Egyptian Texts
Index of Modern Authors
Index of Selected Topics
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