The History of Northern Africa by Publishing, Britannica Educational -- Read -- Imperial Library of Trantor

Index

Cover Page Title Page Copyright Page Contents Introduction Chapter 1: Early History

Early Humans and Stone Age Society Arab The Carthaginian Period

The Phoenician Settlements Carthaginian Supremacy Trade Wars Outside Africa Treatment of Subject Peoples Political and Military Institutions

The City

Religion and Culture Carthage and Rome Human Sacrifice The Greeks in Cyrenaica

The Rise and Decline of Native Kingdoms

Chapter 2: Roman North Africa

Administration and Defense The Growth of Urban Life Economy Later Roman Empire Christianity and the Donatist Controversy Extent of Romanization The Vandal Conquest The Byzantine Period Arianism Roman Cyrenaica

Chapter 3: From the Arab Conquest to 1830

Khārijite Berber Resistance to Arab Rule The Maghrib Under Muslim Dynasties in the 8th–11th Centuries

The Rustamid State of Tāhart The Banū Midrār of Sijilmāssah The Idrīsids of Fez The Aghlabids The Fātimids and Zīrids

The Maghrib Under the Almoravids and the Almohads Political Fragmentation and the Triumph of Islamic Culture (c. 1250–c. 1500) The Maghrib from About 1500 to 1830

Morocco Under Sharifian Dynasties Ottoman Rule in the Maghrib

Chapter 4: North Africa After 1830

Advent of European Colonialism Nationalist Movements Sanūsiyyah

Chapter 5: Algeria

Early History French Algeria

The Conquest of Algeria Colonial Rule Nationalist Movements World War II and the Movement for Independence The Algerian War of Independence

Independent Algeria

From Ben Bella to Boumedienne Bendjedid’s Move Toward Democracy Civil War: the Islamists Versus the Army Foreign Relations

Chapter 6: Egypt

Early History Through the 19th Century British Occupation Constitutional Monarchy The Republic

The First Decades The Republic in the 1970s and ’80s The Republic Since the 1980s

Chapter 7: Libya

Early History Ottoman Rule Italian Colonization Independence

The Discovery of Oil

Muammar al-Qaddafi

The Qaddafi Regime

Chapter 8: Morocco

Early History ‘Abīd al-Bukhārī Decline of Traditional Government The French Protectorate World War II and Independence

The French Zone The Spanish Zone

Independent Morocco

Foreign Policy Western Sahara Hassan’s Last Years Into the 21st Century

Chapter 9: Sudan

Ancient Nubia

Egyptian Influence The Kingdom of Kush

Darfur Christian and Islamic Influence

Medieval Christian Kingdoms Islamic Encroachments The Funj The Spread of Islam

Egyptian-Ottoman Rule

Muhammad ‘Alī and His Successors Ismā‘īl Pasha and the Growth of European Influence

The Mahdiyyah

The Reign of the Khalīfah The British Conquest

The Anglo-Egyptian Condominium

The Early Years of British Rule The Growth of National Consciousness

The Republic of The Sudan

The ‘Abbūd Government Sudan Since 1964

Chapter 10: Tunisia

Early History The Growth of European Influence The Protectorate Young Tunisians World War II Independence

Domestic Development Foreign Relations

Chapter 11: Western Sahara Conclusion Glossary Bibliography Index

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