Oxford Handbook of Epidemiology for Clinicians (9780191654787) by Ward, Helen -- Read -- Imperial Library of Trantor

Index

Cover Page Series Page Title Page Copyright Page Foreword Preface Acknowledgments Contents Detailed contents Symbols and abbreviations Glossary of terms Statistical formulae Section 1: Epidemiology in the clinic

Chapter 1: The diagnostic process

Introduction: epidemiology in the clinic Measures of disease frequency Distribution of disease Is there anything wrong? Risk factors Identifying risk factors Validity of diagnostic tests Clinical uses of predictive value Pre-test probability Likelihood ratios and post-test probabilities So what has my patient got? The Bayesian clinician

Chapter 2: Management decisions

Decisions, decisions . . . the principles of clinical management What is prognosis? Looking into the crystal ball Prognosis: mortality Prognosis: morbidity Evidence-based management Clinical guidelines How effective is the treatment? Interpreting reports of clinical trials How appropriate is the treatment? Patient-centred decision-making

Chapter 3: Risk communication and promoting health

Health promotion in clinical practice Could it have been prevented? Communicating risk Health promotion in the clinic Smoking and alcohol advice Exercise, weight, and dietary advice Sexual health Outbreak investigation Breaking the chain of infection

Section 2: Evidence-based practice

Chapter 4: Finding and summarizing evidence

Finding and evaluating existing evidence Electronic resources Critical appraisal Appraisal checklists CONSORT statement Systematic review Meta-analysis Analysis and interpretation of a meta-analysis

Chapter 5: Preventive medicine and screening

Prevention strategies Levels of prevention Preventing communicable disease Preventing non-communicable disease: example of cardiovascular disease Basic infectious disease epidemiology Vaccination Screening overview Screening programmes Evaluating screening programmes Major UK screening programmes (See Table 5.5.)

Chapter 6: Evaluating clinical practice

Introduction Clinical governance and ethics Carrying out an audit: getting started Choosing the standards Writing your protocol Choosing the sample Data collection Data collection: examples Analysing data Interpreting findings Changing practice Completing the process

Section 3: Epidemiological methods

Chapter 7: Types of study

Types of evidence and study designs Basic concepts in epidemiological research Interpreting associations Confounding Association or causation? The nature of causality Time trend and geographical (ecological) studies Ecological studies: examples Surveys and cross-sectional studies Cross-sectional studies: examples Case–control studies Case–control studies: examples Cohort studies Cohort studies: examples Intervention studies and clinical trials Clinical trials: examples Clinical trial phases Choosing the right type of study

Chapter 8: Sources of data

Introduction: good quality data Routine data Clinical uses of routine data Death certification Referral to the coroner Infectious disease notification Cancer registration

Chapter 9: Statistical concepts

Introduction Data and variables Summarizing sample data Measures of central location Measures of dispersion Sampling variability Probability distributions Confidence intervals Hypothesis tests Statistical or clinical significance Sample size and power calculations When to consult a statistician

Chapter 10: Statistical techniques in clinical medicine

Independent t-test Paired t-tests Confidence intervals for a proportion Normal test for difference in proportions Chi-squared test for association Parametric and non-parametric tests Mann–Whitney U test Wilcoxon’s signed-rank test Linear regression Correlation coefficients T-tests for regression coefficients Multiple regression Analysis of variance Logistic regression Measuring survival Kaplan–Meier product limit estimator Log-rank test Cox proportional hazards model Receiver operating characteristic curves

Section 4: Epidemiology of common diseases

Chapter 11: Global burden of disease

Terminology Global burden of non-communicable disease Burden of non-communicable disease in the UK Global burden of communicable disease Burden of communicable disease in the UK

Chapter 12: Epidemiology of diseases

Arthritis Asthma Bladder cancer Brain and CNS cancer Breast cancer Cardiovascular disease Cerebrovascular disease Cervix cancer Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Cirrhosis of the liver Colorectal cancer Coronary heart disease Dementia Depression Diabetes Emerging infectious disease Gastroenteritis Healthcare associated infections High blood pressure and hypertension HIV/AIDS Influenza Kidney cancer Leukaemia Liver cancer Lung cancer Malaria Malignant melanoma Measles Meningococcal disease Neglected tropical diseases Non-Hodgkin lymphoma Oesophageal cancer Pancreatic cancer Peptic ulcer disease Prostate cancer Road traffic accidents Self-inflicted injuries Sexually transmitted infections Stomach cancer Tuberculosis Viral hepatitis

Index References

← Prev
Back
Next →

← Prev
Back
Next →