List of Illustrations

Frontispiece

The Taiping seal

Pages 10–11

Foreign Factory Site at Canton

The American Factory in Canton

Karl Gutzlaff

Pages 40–41

Images from the Jade Record:

The Sixth Layer of Hell

“Life-is-short”

“Death-has-gradations”

Page 175: A Taiping household registration document

Pages 212–15

Scenes from the retreat and defeat of the Taiping Northern Expeditionary Forces, 1853–1855

Between pages 274 and 275

Letter of the British missionary Joseph Edkins, “covered with vermilion corrections” from Hong Xiuquan

Page 281: Images from Hong Xiuquan’s 1853 edition of Pilgrim’s Progress

Page 313: The Ever-Victorious Army

Pages 318–21

“Pacify the Southern Bandits”: Qing paintings depicting their victories over the Taiping