INDEX

A

acids 64, 102, 112, 122, 128, 132

acohol 36, 108, 110

adehyde 102, 110

akali metals 12

akaloids 112

alotrope 84, 96

auminium 86, 114, 115

amines 102, 112

amino acids 128

antacid 64

antibiotics 116

antimony 86

arsenic 86

atomic number 12, 18, 26

atomic theory 12, 14, 30, 31

atomic weights 31

atoms 6, 7, 9, 12, 13, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 28, 31, 32, 34, 36, 40, 42, 44, 51, 52, 60, 66, 78, 84, 86, 88, 90, 98, 102, 108, 118, 138, 142, 146

B

barium 72, 73

bases 64, 102, 112, 132

batteries 68, 72, 76

big bang, the 20

blood 8, 108, 110, 124, 128, 134

bonds, bonding 7, 9, 12, 13, 14, 24, 28, 32, 34, 36, 40, 41, 42, 52, 84, 85, 86, 90, 92, 102, 103, 106, 108, 110, 112, 118, 128, 146

covalent bonds and bonding 12, 28, 40, 42, 52, 102, 106

crystal field theory 84

ionic bonds and bonding 12, 28, 40, 42, 52

polar bond 36, 41, 108, 124

valence bond 34, 85

boron 86

Boyle, Robert 44, 50, 60

Boyle’s law 44, 50

Sceptical Chymist (1661) 50, 51

brain 8, 88

C

calcium 72, 73, 90

calcium chloride 54

cancer 8, 9, 116, 146, 150

carbohydrates 124, 132

carbon 20, 86, 96, 102, 106, 108, 110, 112, 118, 124

fullerenes 84, 96

graphene 84

carbon dioxide 60, 62, 86

carbon monoxide 90

carboxylic acid 102, 112, 122

cars 60, 68, 70, 74

nanocars 98

catalyst 58, 70, 84, 92, 96

catalytic cycle 92

cell growth 146

cellulose 124

centromere 40

cesium 12

CFCs 84, 94, 95

chemical reactions 9, 31, 92, 138

chloride 66, 90

chlorine 28, 86, 90, 95

chromium 92

chromosome 40, 41

Clausius, Rudolf 74, 76

coal 62, 106

coal miner’s safety lamp 72, 73

cobalt 92

codeine 112

collagen 128

colour 30, 31, 84, 85, 88

colour wheel 84

complementary colours 84

compounds 7, 9, 28

crystal 40, 52, 78

crystalline structure 40, 48

crystal field theory 84

Curie, Marie 140, 142

Curie, Pierre 140

D

Dalton, John 14, 30

Davy, Humphry 72, 92

diabetes 134

diamond 42, 96

dipole force 40, 42

disaccharide 124

dispersion force 40, 42

DNA 8, 122, 132, 146

E

Earth 26, 62, 86, 90, 95, 104, 140

Einstein, Albert 138, 142, 144

E=mc2 138, 142, 144

electricity 68, 84, 98

electrolysis 73

electrolyte 58

electromagnetism 44

electron 12, 16, 18, 22, 24, 28, 32, 34, 36, 42, 68, 85, 88, 90, 92, 138, 146

electron cloud 13

electronics 96

elements 7, 12, 18, 20, 26, 31, 36, 51, 86, 96, 140

energy 74, 76, 92, 96, 106, 124, 126

entropy 58, 76, 78, 80

enzyme 58, 134

ester 102, 110, 122

F

Faraday, Michael 68, 72, 73

fluorine 86

fossil fuels 62, 98, 106

coal 62, 106

gasoline 106

paraffin wax 106

G

gases 8, 9, 31, 36, 41, 42, 44, 70, 102, 106

genes 132

genetic engineering 134

genome, genomic instability 40, 122, 132, 134

germanium 86

Gmelin, Leopold 110, 115

gold 16

graphene 8, 84, 96

graphite 96

greenhouse gas 62

CFCs 84, 94, 95

H

haemoglobin 128

Hahn, Otto 142, 148

Harrison, Anna J. 130

heat 80

Heisenberg, Werner 22

Heisenberg’s Uncertainty Principle 12, 22

helium 13, 18, 20, 86, 140

Hooke, Robert 50, 51

hydrocarbon 62, 106, 126

hydrochloric acid 64

hydrogen 20, 28, 32, 36, 64, 86, 98, 103, 106, 132

hydroxide 64

I

insulin 128, 134

ions 6, 12, 28, 42, 64, 66, 84, 85, 90

iron 20, 80, 90, 92, 144

iron oxide 80

isomerism 103, 115

isotope 12, 18, 138, 142

K

kelvin scale 74, 78

ketones 103, 110

kinetic energy 44, 58, 74

kinetic molecular theory 44

kinetochore 40

krypton 13

L

Lavoisier, Antoine 60, 62, 72

lead 68, 86

Lewis, Gilbert N. 32

Lewis model 32, 34

ligands 84, 88, 92

light 84, 88, 92

‘like dissolves like’ principle 41, 54

liquids 9, 36, 42, 44, 46

lithium 12

M

magnesium 68, 72, 73

magnet 34, 36, 42

Manhattan Project 149

mass number 12, 18

mass of the atom 12, 18, 31

matter particulate model 6, 7

Meitner, Lise 144, 148, 149

metals 13, 26, 90

alkali metals 26

molecular compound 12

molecules 6, 7, 8, 9, 28, 31, 34, 36, 42, 44, 46, 51, 62, 66, 70, 78, 80, 84, 85, 90, 92, 98, 102, 118, 131, 132, 146

Molina, Mario 94

monosaccharides 122, 124

morphine 112

myosin 128

N

negative charge 12, 16, 28, 36, 40, 42, 85, 132, 138, 140

neon 13

neutralization 64

neutrons 12, 13, 16, 18, 138, 142, 144

nicotine 112

nitrogen 70, 86, 102, 103, 112, 132

nitrous oxide 72

Nobel Prize

in Chemistry

1901 van’t Hoff, Jacobus Henricus 70

1902 Emil Hermann Fischer 124

1913 Alfred Werner 88

1920 Walther Hermann Nernst 78

1943 George de Hevesy 150

1944 Otto Hahn 142, 148

1953 Hermann Staudinger 118

1954 Linus Pauling 48, 66

1958 Frederick Sanger 134

1980 Paul Berg 134

1983 Henry Taube 70

1995 Mario J. Molina 94, 95

1996 Harry Kroto, Richard Smalley 96, 98

2000 Hideki Shirakawa 118

in Medicine

1923 Frederick Banting 134

1946 Hermann J. Muller 146

Peace Prize

1962 Linus Pauling 66

in Physics

1915 Bragg, William Lawrence 48

1926 Jean Perrin 14

1965 Richard Feynman 98

noble gases 13, 26

nonpolar 36, 41, 122, 126, 128, 132

nuclear bomb 142, 144, 149

nuclear fission 138, 142, 144, 148, 149

nuclear fusion 13, 20

nuclear model 13, 16

nucleic acids 132

nucleosynthesis 13, 20

nuclei 13, 16, 18, 22, 24, 140, 142, 144

O

orbital theory 34

osmotic pressure 41

oxidation 68, 84

oxides 58, 62, 64, 70, 73, 80

oxygen 20, 28, 32, 34, 36, 60, 62, 70, 80, 86, 90, 92, 98, 103, 110, 128, 132

P

particle 7, 9, 12, 13, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 31, 42, 44, 54

Pauling, Linus 28, 34, 36, 48, 66

penicillin 116

periodic table 18, 19, 26, 27, 86, 87

phosphorus 51, 86

photosynthesis 90

plastics 48, 92, 95, 110

platinum 92

plutonium 142

polar

bond 36, 41, 108, 124

molecule 36, 40, 41, 123, 128, 132

solute 41, 54

pollution 70

polonium 140

polymers 102, 106, 118, 122, 126, 128

porcelain 52

positive charge 13, 16, 28, 36, 40, 42, 138, 140, 142

potassium 12, 72, 73

potential energy 58, 62, 74, 106

precipitation 66

probability 22, 24

progesterone 110

proteins 90, 122, 128, 132, 134

proton 12, 13, 16, 18, 138, 142, 144

Q

quantum mechanics 13, 22, 24, 34

R

radioactivity 13, 140

radium 140

radon 13

Ramsay, William 140, 148, 149

redox reactions 68

reduction 68

Royal Society 30, 50, 114

rubber 118

rubidium 12

Rutherford, Ernest 16, 140, 148 149

S

salt 28, 42, 48, 54, 104

Schrödinger, Erwin 13, 22, 24

Schrödinger’s Cat thought experiment 13, 22

selenium 86

silicon 52, 86

silver 66

sodium 12, 18, 28, 72, 73

sodium chloride 54

sodium chlorine 28

solids 9, 26, 40, 42, 44, 48, 66

solution 54, 66

stars 20, 96

Strassmann, Fritz 148, 149

sugars 28, 104, 124, 150

artificial sweeteners 108

glucose 124

sucrose 124

sulfur 86, 90, 103

Sun 22, 24, 95

sunlight 90, 98

supernova 20

T

tellurium 86

telomere 41

testosterone 110

thermodynamics

first law 74

second law 76, 80

third law 78

thorium 140

tin 86

transition metals 58, 70, 84, 88, 90, 92

U

uranium 20, 140, 142, 144

urea 104, 114, 115

V

vacuum 51

valence electrons 13, 32, 85, 86

valence bond 34

van der Waals, Johannes Diderik

36, 42

velocity 13, 22

Volta, Alessandro 726, 48, 52, 54, 60, 62, 64, 66

W

water, (also ice) 14, 28, 32, 36, 42, 4, 78, 80, 90, 98, 108, 124, 126, 128, 146

Wöhler, Frederich 104, 114

X

X-rays 96, 146

xenon 13

Z

zinc 68

Zintl ions 85