CONTENTS
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TRANSLATOR’S NEW FOREWORD AND ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
INTRODUCTION by NISHIKAWA SHUNSAKU
A NOTE ON THE TEXT
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Section ONE
Section TWO
Foreword
The Equality of Men
Section THREE
The Equality of Nations
National Independence Through Personal Independence
Section FOUR
The Duty of Scholars
Section FIVE
Speech Delivered 1 January 1874
Section SIX
The Importance of National Laws
Section SEVEN
The Duties of the Citizens of the Nation
Section EIGHT
Respect for the Independence of Others
Section NINE
A Letter to Old Friends in Nakatsu Stating Two Ways of Learning
Section TEN
Letter to Old Friends in Nakatsu, Continued
Section ELEVEN
The Falsity of the Idea of Moral Subordination
Section TWELVE
An Encouragement of Public Speaking
The Refinement of Conduct
Section THIRTEEN
The Damage of Envy in Society
Section FOURTEEN
A Criticism of People’s Thoughts
The Meaning of the Word Sewa
Section FIFTEEN
Methodic Doubt and Selective Judgment
Section SIXTEEN
The Spirit of Independence in Everyday Affairs
The Compatibility of Intention and Activity
Section SEVENTEEN
On Popularity
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Appendix
A Defense of Gakumon no Susume
Chronology of Japanese history, with special reference to Fukuzawa Yukichi and An Encouragement of Learning
Fukuzawa Yukichi: Some Representative Writings and Further Reading
Index