Page numbers in italic indicate illustrations and photographs. Page numbers in bold indicate charts and tables.
acidity, canning and, 33, 34–35
acorn squash (Cucurbita pepo), 232, 233
activators, fermentation and, 39
activism, 2
additives, wines and, 45
alfalfa (Medicago sativa), 310
Allium ampeloprasum. See Garlic
Allium sativum. See Garlic
Allium spp. See Garlic; Onions; Scallions
Althaea officinalis. See Marshmallow
altitude, canning and, 34
American mountain mints (Pycnanthemum spp.), 297
Anethum graveolens. See Dill
apple mint (Mentha suaveolens), 297
apples (Malus domestica)
best types, 268
growing of, 269
harvesting and storing, 270
overview of, 267
pests and diseases of, 269
preservation options for, 271–274, 272
applesauce, 274
Arctium lappa. See Burdock
ascorbic acid, for preventing discoloration, 23
Asian pears, 32, 32, 281, 281, 283. See also Pears
asparagus (Asparagus officinalis)
harvesting and storing, 56
pests and diseases of, 56
Pickled Asparagus recipe, 59
preservation options for, 57
asparagus beans. See Yard-long beans
‘Baby Pam’ pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo), 170, 172
Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt), 79
bacterial leaf spot, 286
bacterial wilt, 109
beans (Phaseolus spp.)
harvesting and storing, 66
overview of, 61
pests and diseases of, 66
Pickled Green Beans recipe, 69
preservation options for, 68
replanting of, 67
bee balm. See Monarda
beets (Beta vulgaris)
best types, 72
Fermented Beet Kvass recipe, 76
growing of, 73
preservation options for, 75–76
bentonite, 45
berries. See also specific berries
freezing of, 23
overview of, 239
Berry, Wendell, 2
Beta vulgaris. See Beets; Swiss chard
Beta vulgaris ssp. cicla. See Swiss chard
biodrill crops, 181
blackberries (Rubus spp. and hybrids), wine making and, 48, 48
black raspberries (Rubus occidentalis), 254
blanching
before drying, 25
freezing vegetables and, 21, 22
blossoms, drying of, 30
blueberries (Vaccinium spp.)
best types, 241
Double Blueberry Vinegar recipe, 245
growing of, 242
harvesting and storing, 243
overview of, 240
pests and diseases of, 242
preservation options for, 244–245
blueberry maggots, 242
bok choi (Brassica rapa subsp. chinensis), 91
bolting, onions and, 137
boron, beets and, 73
Brassica napus. See Collards
Brassica napus var. napobrassica. See Rutabagas
Brassica oleracea. See Cauliflower; Kale
Brassica oleracea var. gemmifera. See Brussels sprouts
Brassica oleracea var. gongylodes. See Kohlrabi
Brassica rapa subsp. chinensis. See Bok choi; Pak choi
Brassica rapa var. rapifera. See Turnips
broccoli (Brassica oleracea)
best types, 78
growing of, 79
harvesting and storing, 81
overview of, 77
preservation options for, 81
Brussels sprouts (Brassica oleracea var. gemmifera)
best types, 83
harvesting and preserving, 85
overview of, 82
pests and diseases of, 84
bunching onions (Allium fistulosum and hybrids), 138
burdock (Arctium lappa), 310
bush snap beans, 62
butternut squash (Cucurbita moschata), 18, 232, 233
butters
pumpkin, 177
radish, 183
cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata)
best types, 88
growing of, 89
harvesting and storing, 90
overview of, 87
preservation options for, 91–92
Savory Salt-Fermented Sauerkraut recipe, 93
cabbage loopers, 124
calendar of food preservation, 9
calendula (Calendula officinalis), 310, 311
Camellia sinensis (black tea), 309
candying, of rhubarb, 188
cane borers, 255
Canned Grape Drink, 251
canning
altitude and, 34
of apples, 274
of asparagus, 57
of beans, 68
of cabbage, 92
of corn, 105
for jams, jellies, and preserves, 35
jars and, 35
of peaches, 289
of pears, 284
of peas, 151
of pickled beets, 75
of potatoes, 168
of rhubarb, 188
sealing problems and, 38
of summer squash, 204
canning tomatoes, 220
Capsicum annuum. See Peppers
Capsicum chinense. See Habanero peppers
Caramelized Onions, 141
carrots (Daucus carota var. sativus)
best types, 96
cold storage and, 17
growing of, 97
harvesting, storing, and preserving, 99
pests and diseases of, 98
catnip (Nepeta cataria), 304
cauliflower (Brassica oleracea), fermentation of, 42, 42
cedar-apple rust, 269
chamomile (Matricaria recutita), 305
chard. See Swiss chard
cherries (Prunus avium and P. cerasus)
best types, 276
growing of, 277
harvesting and storing, 277
overview of, 275
pests and diseases of, 277
preservation options for, 279
cherry tomatoes, 220
Chewy Candied Rhubarb, 189
chicory (Cichorium intybus), 310
Chinese cabbage, 91
Chinese mint (Mentha hapocalyx), 297
chitosan, 45
chutneys, apple, 274
Cichorium intybus. See Chicory
ciders, apple, 274
cilantro (Coriandrum sativum), 294
citric acid, for preventing discoloration, 23
Citrus × limon. See Lemons
Citrus × sinensis. See Oranges
citrus fruits, for tropical climates, 265
clean hands, 39
Click, Melissa A., 2
clovers (Trifolium spp.), 310
codling moths, 282
collards (Brassica napus)
cooking and, 127
growing of, 124
harvesting and storing, 124
overview of, 121
pests and diseases of, 124
preservation options for, 125–126
Colorado potato beetles, 164
common asparagus beetle, 56
common pears. See Pears
conditioning, drying process and, 25
constancy of care, 10
containers
for dried foods, 25
cooking, freezing vegetables and, 21
coriander, 294
Coriandrum sativum. See Cilantro
corn (Zea mays)
best types, 101
growing of, 102
harvesting and storing, 103
overview of, 100
pests and diseases of, 103
preservation options for, 104–105
Sunday Dinner Creamed Corn recipe, 105
corn smut, 103
country wines. See Fruit wines
cover crops, 181
covers, 8
creamed corn, 105
crisp, defined, 26
crocks, fermentation, 38
crowder peas (Vigna unguiculata), 148
cucumber beetles, 109, 201, 234
cucumbers (Cucumis sativus)
best types, 108
growing of, 109
harvesting and storing, 111
preservation options for, 111
saving seeds from, 112
Cucumis melo. See Muskmelon
Cucumis sativus. See Cucumbers
Cucurbita spp., 18. See also Buttercup squash; Kabocha squash; Pumpkins; Winter squash
curing
cold storage and, 16
of garlic, 119
of pumpkins, 175
of sweet potatoes, 211
of winter squash, 235
Cymbopogon citratus. See Lemongrass
daikon radishes (Raphanus sativus var. longipinnatus), 181
dandelion (Taraxacum officinale), 310
Daucus carota var. sativus. See Carrots
day-neutral strawberries, 260
deer, 66, 74, 98, 209, 215, 282
dehydrators, 24–25, 24. See also Drying
delicata squash (Cucurbita pepo), 232, 233
‘Dickinson Field’ pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata), 170, 172
dill (Anethum graveolens), 295
dinosaur kale, 122
discoloration, preventing, 23, 31
diseases. See Pests and diseases
dormant storage. See Cold storage
Double Blueberry Vinegar, 245
downy mildew, 293
Dried Kale Chips, 126
dry beans, 62
drying
of asparagus, 57
of beans, 68
of blueberries, 244
of cabbage, 92
of cherries, 279
of corn, 105
degrees of dryness and, 26
of grapes, 250
of herbs, 30
of kale, 126
of peaches, plums, and nectarines, 289
of pears, 284
of peppers, 157
preparing food for, 25
of pumpkin, 176
of rhubarb, 188
of seeds for storage, 27
of strawberries, 262
of sweet potatoes, 211
of tomatoes, 223
dry storage, 18
early tomatoes, 220
earwigs, 90
Easy Pumpkin Butter, 177
echinacea (Echinacea spp.), 310, 311
Egyptian onions (Allium cepa var. proliferum), 138
elephant garlic (Allium ampeloprasum var. ampeloprasum), 116, 116
elevation, impact of, 5
European pears. See Pears
European plums, 286
everbearing strawberries, 260
fall-bearing raspberries, 254
fallen fruits, 264
fennel (Foeniculum vulgare), 310
fermentation
activators and, 39
of beets, 76
of cabbage, 91
of cucumbers, 111
of peas, 151
of radishes, 182
root crops and, 6
salt and, 39
in season, 39
of strawberries, 262
of turnips, 230
Fermented Beet Kvass, 76
field peas. See Crowder peas
fingerling potatoes, 162
fire blight, 282
Foeniculum vulgare. See Fennel
food activism, 2
food groups, 6
four-lined bugs, 298
Fragaria x ananassa. See Strawberries
freezer burn, 20
freezing
of apples, 273
of asparagus, 57
of basil, 293
of beans, 68
of cabbage, 92
of cherries, 279
containers for, 20
of corn, 104
discoloration and, 23
freezer burn and, 20
fruits and berries, 23
of kale and collards, 125
of peaches, plums, and nectarines, 289
of peppers, 157
of pumpkin, 176
of raspberries, 256
of rhubarb, 188
of strawberries, 262
tips for, 22
of tomatoes, 223
vegetables and herbs, 21–22, 21, 22
fruit flies, 277
fruit leathers, 31
fruit nectar, 271
fruits. See also Berries; specific fruits
freezing of, 23
overview of, 238
fruit trees, best types, 263–265
fusarium wilt, 293
Garden Pasta Sauce, 225
Garden Salsa, 225
garlic (Allium sativum and A. ampeloprasum)
curing, 119
growing of, 117
harvesting and storing, 118
overview of, 115
pests and diseases of, 117
Pickled Garlic with Hot Peppers recipe, 120
preservation options for, 120
using scrapes, 119
ginger mint (Mentha gracilis), 297
grapes (Vitis spp. and hybrids)
best types, 248
Canned Grape Drink recipe, 251
growing of, 249
harvesting and storing, 250
pests and diseases of, 250
preservation options for, 250–251
green beans, freezing of, 22
greens, 127. See also specific greens
Habanero peppers (Capsicum chinense), 154
half-dried, defined, 26
hand pollination, 102, 103, 202
hands, clean, 39
hard, defined, 26
hardneck garlic (Allium sativum var. ophioscorodon), 116, 116, 119
haricots verts, 62
Harvest Day Recipes
Canned Grape Drink, 251
for canning, 33
Caramelized Onions, 141
Chewy Candied Rhubarb, 189
Double Blueberry Vinegar, 245
Dried Kale Chips, 126
Easy Pumpkin Butter, 177
Fermented Beet Kvass, 76
Garden Pasta Sauce, 225
Garden Salsa, 225
overview of, 3
Pickled Asparagus, 59
Pickled Garlic with Hot Peppers, 120
Pickled Green Beans, 69
Radish Butter, 183
Refrigerator and Freezer Pickles, 112–113
Refrigerator Pickled Peppers, 159
Savory Salt-Fermented Sauerkraut, 93
Savory Sweet Potato Chips, 212
Sunday Dinner Creamed Corn, 105
Tomorrow’s Hash Browns, 169
Zucchini and Friends Relish, 206
harvesting, as priority, 10
headspace, canning and, 33
heating, canning and, 33
herbs. See also specific herbs
drying of, 30
hibiscus (Hibiscus sabdariffa), 310
hops (Humulus lupulus), 310
Hubbard squash (Cucurbita maxima), 232, 233
hydrometers, 45
hyssop (Hyssopus officinalis), 310, 311
icebox, seasonal, 17
ice crystals, freezer burn and, 20
Imperator carrots, 96
intermediate-day onions, 134, 135
Ipomoea batatas. See Sweet potatoes
jams
canning and, 35
strawberry, 262
Japanese plums, 286
‘Jarrahdale’ pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima), 170, 172
jars, canning, 35
jellies
apple, 271
canning and, 35
juice and jelly grapes, 248
juices
apple, 273
grape, 251
raspberry, 256
June-bearing strawberries, 260
kabocha squash, 18
kale (Brassica oleracea)
cooking and, 127
Dried Kale Chips recipe, 126
growing of, 124
harvesting and storing, 124
overview of, 121
pests and diseases of, 124
preservation options for, 125–126
ketchups, apples and, 274
kieselsol, 45
kitchen herbs, 292. See also specific herbs
kohlrabi (Brassica oleracea var. gongylodes)
best types, 129
growing of, 130
harvesting and storing, 130
overview of, 128
pests and diseases of, 130
preservation options for, 131
kumquats, 265
Lacinato kale, 122
late blight, 164
latitude
impact of, 5
lavender (Lavandula angustifolia), 310
leaf spot diseases, 137, 215, 261
leafy greens, as food group, 6
leathers, 31
leathery, defined, 26
leeks (Allium porrum), 28, 28, 138
lemon balm (Melissa officinalis), 306
lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus), 310, 311
lemon juice, for preventing discoloration, 23
lemons (Citrus × limon), 265
Lima beans (Phaseolus lunatus), 64, 64
‘Long Island Cheese’ pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata), 170, 172
‘Long Pie’ pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo), 170, 172
Malus domestica. See Apples
mandarin oranges, 265
marjoram (Origanum majorana), 296
marshmallow (Althaea officinalis), 310
Matricaria recutita. See Chamomile
Medicago sativa. See Alfalfa
medicine, blossoms for, 30
Melissa officinalis. See Lemon balm
mentha spp. See Mints
Mexican bean beetles, 66
‘Meyer’ lemons, 265
milling, of apples, 273
monarda (Monarda didyma), 307
Mother Earth News Fair, 2
mountain mints. See American mountain mints
muffin pans, 22
Muscadine grapes, 248
muskmelon (Cucumis melo), drying of, 28, 28
Myrrhis odorata. See Sweet cicely
Nantes-type carrots, 96
nectarines (Prunus persica)
best types, 286
growing of, 287
harvesting and storing, 287
overview of, 285
preservation options for, 289
nectars, 271
Nepeta cataria. See Catnip
nettles (Urtica dioica), 310, 311
nitrogen fixation, 65
Ocimum spp. See Basil
onion root maggots, 117
onions (Allium spp.)
Caramelized Onions recipe, 141
growing of, 136
harvesting and storing, 18, 140–141
pests and diseases of, 137
preservation options for, 141
sweet vs. pungent, 135
orange-fleshed vegetables, 6
oranges (Citrus × sinensis), 265
oregano (Origanum vulgare), 296, 298
Origanum majorana. See Marjoram
Origanum vulgare. See Oregano
overwintering
of turnips, 229
oxalic acid, 186
pak choi (Brassica rapa subsp. chinensis), 91
parsley (Petroselinum crispum), 299
parsnips (Pastinaca sativa)
best types, 143
growing of, 144
harvesting and storing, 145
overview of, 142
preservation options for, 145
passionflower vine (Passiflora incarnata), 310
paste tomatoes, 220
pea aphids, 149
peaches (Prunus persica)
best types, 286
growing of, 287
harvesting and storing, 287
overview of, 285
preservation options for, 288, 289
pears (Pyrus spp. and hybrids)
best types, 281
growing of, 282
harvesting and storing, 283
overview of, 280
pests and diseases of, 282
preservation options for, 284
peas (Pisum sativum)
best types, 148
growing of, 149
harvesting and storing, 150, 150
pests and diseases of, 149
preservation options for, 151
pectic enzymes, 45
peppermint (Mentha × piperita), 297
peppers (Capsicum annuum)
best types, 154
growing of, 155
harvesting and storing, 156
pests and diseases of, 155
preservation options for, 157
Refrigerator Pickled Peppers recipe, 159
sauces, salsas and, 158
specialty types, 154
pests and diseases
of apples, 269
of asparagus, 56
of beans, 66
of blueberries, 242
of Brussels sprouts, 84
of carrots, 98
of cherries, 277
of collards, 124
of corn, 103
of garlic, 117
of grapes, 250
of kale, 124
of kohlrabi, 130
of onions, 137
overview of, 7
of pears, 282
of peas, 149
of peppers, 155
of potatoes, 164
of pumpkins, 174
of raspberries, 254
of rhubarb, 186
of rutabagas, 192
of spinach, 196
of summer squash, 201
of sweet potatoes, 209
of Swiss chard, 215
of tomatoes, 221
of turnips, 229
of winter squash, 234
Petroselinum crispum. See Parsley
pH. See Acidity
Phaseolus spp. See Beans
Pickled Asparagus, 59
Pickled Garlic with Hot Peppers, 120
Pickled Green Beans, 69
pickling
of peppers, 157
of summer squash, 204
Pisum sativum. See Peas
planting, 10
plums (Prunus spp. and hybrids)
best types, 286
growing of, 287
harvesting and storing, 287
overview of, 285
preservation options for, 288, 289
pollination
fruit trees and, 264
potassium metabisulfite, 45
potassium sorbate, 45
potatoes (Solanum tuberosum)
best types, 162
dry storage for, 18
harvesting and storing, 164–167
pests and diseases of, 164
preservation options for, 168
Tomorrow’s Hash Browns recipe, 169
potato onions (Allium cepa var. aggregatum), 138, 139
powdery mildew, 109, 149, 174, 234, 250
preservation time, 12
preserves
apple, 274
blueberry, 244
canning and, 35
peach, 289
strawberry, 262
pressing, of apples, 273
pressure canners, 34
priming, of spinach seeds, 196
processing time, canning and, 34
Prunus avium. See Cherries
Prunus cerasus. See Cherries
Prunus spp. See Cherries; Nectarines; Peaches; Plums
pumpkin butter, 177
pumpkin chews, 176
pumpkins (Cucurbita pepo, C. maxima, C. moschata)
cold storage and, 18
Easy Pumpkin Butter recipe, 177
growing of, 174
harvesting, curing, and storing, 175
pests and diseases of, 174
preservation options for, 176
seeds from, 173
pungency, onions and, 135
puréeing, of peaches, plums, and nectarines, 289
Pycnanthemum spp. See American mountain mints
Pyrus spp. and hybrids. See Pears
Radish Butter, 183
radishes (Raphanus sativus)
growing of, 180
harvesting and storing, 180
overview of, 178
preservation options for, 182
Radish Butter recipe, 183
rainfall patterns, impact of, 5
raisins, 250
Raphanus sativus. See Radishes
raspberries (Rubus spp.)
best types, 254
growing of, 254
harvesting and storing, 255
overview of, 253
pests and diseases of, 254
preservation options for, 255
teas and, 308
recipes
Canned Grape Drink, 251
for canning, 33
Caramelized Onions, 141
Chewy Candied Rhubarb, 189
Double Blueberry Vinegar, 245
Dried Kale Chips, 126
Easy Pumpkin Butter, 177
Fermented Beet Kvass, 76
Garden Pasta Sauce, 225
Garden Salsa, 225
overview of, 3
Pickled Asparagus, 59
Pickled Garlic with Hot Peppers, 120
Pickled Green Beans, 69
Radish Butter, 183
Refrigerator and Freezer Pickles, 112–113
Refrigerator Pickled Peppers, 159
Savory Salt-Fermented Sauerkraut, 93
Savory Sweet Potato Chips, 212
Sunday Dinner Creamed Corn, 105
Tomorrow’s Hash Browns, 169
Zucchini and Friends Relish, 206
red wine grapes, 248
Refrigerator Pickled Peppers, 159
Refrigerator Pickles, 112
refrigerators, cold storage and, 17
relishes
cabbage, 92
zucchini, 206
rhizobia, 65
rhubarb (Rheum × hybridum)
best types, 185
Chewy Candied Rhubarb recipe, 189
death by, 186
growing of, 186
harvesting and storing, 187
overview of, 184
pests and diseases of, 186
preservation options for, 188
teas and, 310
Ridberg, Ronit, 2
ripening times, 264
ristras, 157
root crops. See also specific vegetables
as food group, 6
root rot diseases, 117
rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis), 300
row covers, 7
Rubus spp. See Raspberries
runner beans, 65
rutabagas (Brassica napus var. napobrassica)
growing of, 192
harvesting and storing, 193
overview of, 190
pests and diseases of, 192
preservation options for, 193
sage (Salvia officinalis), 301
salt, fermentation and, 39
salt fermentation, 38, 93, 111, 158
salt-fermented dill pickles, 111
Salvia officinalis. See Sage
Satsuma oranges, 265
sauces
hot peppers and, 158
Savory Salt-Fermented Sauerkraut, 93
Savory Sweet Potato Chips, 212
scallions (Allium spp.), 137, 139
scapes, garlic, 119
sealing problems, 38
seasonal calendar, 9
seasons, fermentation and, 39
second-season sowing, 11
seedless grapes, 248
seeds
for bean replanting, 67
coriander, 294
from cucumbers, 112
dill, 295
drying of, 27
parsley, 299
from peas, 151
pumpkin, 173
spinach, 196
summer squash, 201
se gene corn varieties, 101
shallots (Allium cepa var. aggregatum, A. oschaninii), 138, 139
shelf life, 13
shell peas, 146, 148, 150, 150
short pole beans, 65
shoulder seasons, 7
slicing tomatoes, 220
slips, sweet potato, 210
smoking, of peppers, 157
smoothies, 289
snails, 261
snap beans, fermentation of, 43, 43
snowfall patterns, impact of, 5
softneck garlic (Allium sativum var. sativum), 116, 116
Solanum lycopersicum. See Tomatoes
Solanum tuberosum. See Potatoes
sour cherries (Prunus cerasus), 276, 276
Southern peas. See Crowder peas
sowing, 11
spaghetti squash (Cucurbita pepo), 232, 233
spiced apples, 274
spinach (Spinacia oleracea)
best types, 195
cooking and, 127
growing of, 196
harvesting, storing, and preserving, 197
overview of, 194
pests and diseases of, 196
priming of seeds, 196
spoon cabbage, 91
squash. See also specific squash types
cold storage and, 18
squash vine borers, 174, 201, 234
sriracha sauce, 158
steaming
of apples, 273
canning and, 33
freezing vegetables and, 21
stevia (Stevia rebaudiana), 309
stone fruits, 263. See also Nectarines; Peaches; Plums
storage, of dried foods, 25
storage methods
canning. See Canning
cold storage. See Cold storage
for cold storage materials, 17
drying. See Drying
fermentation. See Fermentation
freezing. See Freezing
overview of, 16
storage time, 13
strawberries (Fragaria × ananassa)
best types, 260
growing of, 261
harvesting and storing, 262
overview of, 259
preservation options for, 262–263
sugars
canning and, 35
freezing fruit and, 23
summer red raspberries (Rubus idaeus), 254
summer squash (Cucurbita pepo)
best types, 200
growing of, 201
hand pollinating of, 202
harvesting and storing, 203
pests and diseases of, 201
preservation options for, 203–204
seeds of, 201
Zucchini and Friends Relish recipe, 206
Sunday Dinner Creamed Corn, 105
sunscald, 155
sweet cherries (Prunus avium), 276
sweet cicely (Myrrhis odorata), 310
sweeteners, 309
sweet potatoes (Ipomoea batatas)
best types, 208
growing of, 209
growing slips, 210
harvesting and storing, 211
overview of, 207
pests and diseases of, 209
preservation options for, 211
Savory Sweet Potato Chips recipe, 212
sweet potato squash. See Delicata squash
Swiss chard (Beta vulgaris ssp. cicla)
best types, 214
cooking and, 127
growing of, 215
harvesting and storing, 216
overview of, 213
pests and diseases of, 215
preservation options for, 216
Tabasco sauce, 158
Taraxacum officinale. See Dandelion
teas
blossoms for, 30
commercial, 309
herbs for, 291, 303. See also specific herbs
temperature, canning and, 33
tepary beans (Phaseolus acutifolius), 64, 64
thyme (Thymus spp.), 302
tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum)
best types, 220
easy-peel, 222
freezing of, 19
Garden Pasta Sauce recipe, 225
Garden Salsa recipe, 225
growing of, 221
harvesting and storing of, 222
pests and diseases of, 221
preservation options for, 223
tomato hornworms, 155
Tomorrow’s Hash Browns, 169
traps, apple maggot, 265
Trifolium spp. See Clovers
turnips (Brassica rapa var. rapifera)
best types, 228
cooking greens, 127
growing of, 229
harvesting and storing, 230
overview of, 227
overwintering, 229
pests and diseases of, 229
preservation options for, 230
Tuscan kale, 122
twelve-spotted asparagus beetle, 56
Urtica dioica. See Nettles
USDA zones, 4
Vaccinium spp. See Blueberries
vacuum sealers, 20
valerian (Valeriana officinalis), 310
vegetable powders, 27
vegetables. See also specific vegetables
food groups and, 6
vinegar-brined pickles, 111
viruses
chard and, 215
peppers and, 155
vitamin C (ascorbic acid), for preventing discoloration, 23
Vitis spp. See Grapes
voles, 164
whey activators, 39
white onion root maggots, 137
white wine grapes, 248
wines
apple, 274
fermentation and, 16
plum, 289
raspberry, 256
winter spinach, 195
winter squash (Cucurbita pepo, C. maxima, C. moschata)
cold storage and, 18
growing of, 234
harvesting, curing, and storing, 235
overview of, 231
pests and diseases of, 234
preservation options for, 237
sticky juices of, 236
yard-long beans (Vigna unguiculata ssp. sesquipedalis), 64, 64
zone system, 4
zucchini, 200, 206. See also Summer squash
Zucchini and Friends Relish, 206