1. Miscellaneous Henry Clay Papers, Filson Historical Society, Louisville.
2. Eli Huston Brown III Papers, Filson Historical Society.
3. Catherine Carpenter Family Papers, Kentucky Historical Society, Frankfort.
4. William Hogeland, The Whiskey Rebellion: George Washington, Alexander Hamilton, and the Frontier Rebels Who Challenged America’s Newfound Sovereignty (New York: Scribner, 2006), 69.
5. Jon C. Miller, The Federalist Era: 1789–1801 (New York: Harper & Row, 1960), 159.
6. Weller Family Papers, Filson Historical Society.
7. J. Stoddard Johnston, Memorial History of Louisville from the First Settlement to the Year 1896 (New York: American Biographical Publishing Co., 1897), 283.
1. Reuben Thomas Durrett, The Centenary of Kentucky, Filson Club Publication no. 7 (Louisville, 1892), 79.
2. The recipe can be found in the Fenley-Williams Family Papers, Filson Historical Society.
3. Henry G. Crowgey, Kentucky Bourbon: The Early Years of Whiskeymaking (Lexington: University Press of Kentucky, 1971), 138.
4. Richard H. Collins, History of Kentucky, 2 vols. (Covington, Ky.: Collins & Co., 1874), 1:516.
5. Frankfort Argus of Western America, September 19, 1827, quoted in Crowgey, Kentucky Bourbon, 136. Crowgey provides a well-accepted argument that Craig is not the inventor of bourbon.
6. Western Citizen, June 26, 1821, quoted in Crowgey, Kentucky Bourbon, 120.
7. Crowgey, Kentucky Bourbon, 123.
8. Western Citizen, August 30, 1861.
9. Letter to John Corlis from his factor, June 19, 1820, Corlis-Respess Family Papers, Filson Historical Society.
10. The July 15, 1826, letter can be found in the Corlis-Respess Family Papers.
1. Patent papers, April 27, 1869, W. A. Gaines & Co. Papers, Oscar Getz Museum of Whiskey History, Bardstown, Kentucky.
2. Frederick Stitzel, patent model, Month 00, 1879, Filson Historical Society.
3. Louisville Board of Independent Insurance Agents, Inc., 1854– 1982, Filson Historical Society.
4. James E. Pepper to William F. Mitchell, November 11, 1867, Gaines Papers.
1. Pierre Lacour, The Manufacture of Liquors, Wines and Cordials without the Aid of Distillation (New York: Dick & Fitzgerald, 1863).
2. For a full discussion of the reimposition of the excise tax, see chapter 5.
3. Louisville Daily Express, July 7, 1862.
4. Richard Edwards, ed., Edward’s Annual Director: To the Inhabitants, Institutions, Incorporated Companies, Manufacturing Establishments, Businesses, Business Firms, etc., etc. in the City of Louisville (Louisville: Richard Edwards, 1864–1865), 551–52.
5. William Brown to E. H. Taylor Jr., January 11, 1870, and E. H. Taylor Jr., n.d., press release, Taylor-Hay Family Papers, Filson Historical Society.
1. Oscar Getz, Whiskey: An American Pictorial History (New York: David McKay, 1978), 189.
2. William Bennett, “Forty Years of Bottled in Bond,” American Wine and Liquor Journal, March 31, 1937.
3. I. W. Bernheim, “Reasons Why H.R.8582, to Allow Bottling of Distilled Spirits in Bond, Should Not Pass,” January 7, 1897, Bernheim Family Papers, University of Louisville Archives.
1. George G. Brown, The Holy Bible Repudiates “Prohibition”: Compilation of All Verses Containing the Words “Wine” or “Strong Drink,” Proving That the Scriptures Commend and Command the Temperate Use of Alcoholic Beverages (Louisville: G. G. Brown, 1910).
2. Sally Van Winkle Campbell, But Always Fine Bourbon: Pappy Van Winkle and the Story of Old Fitzgerald (Louisville: Limestone Lane, 1999), 38.
3. William A. Cook, King of the Bootleggers: A Biography of George Remus (Jefferson, NC: McFarland & Co., 2008).
1. The Book of Frankfort (New York: Frankfort Distilling Co., 1946), 32.
2. Ibid., 32–33.
3. Liquor Marketing and Liquor Advertising (New York: Bretzfield, Henry, Abelard-Schuman, 1955), 216.
4. The Record of the Alcoholic Beverage Industry in World War II (New York: Distilled Spirits Institute, 1946), 11, 23–24, 27–33.
5. Uncataloged report to Louis Rosenstiel, June 1943, United Distillers Archive, Shively, Kentucky.
6. Record of the Alcoholic Beverage Industry, 44.
1. William L. Downard, Dictionary of the History of the American Brewing and Distilling Industries (Westport, CT: Greenwood, 1980), 26.
2. Stitzel-Weller Label Book, United Distillers Archive.
3. Oral History Tape, Foote, Wilson and Hawes, University of Louisville Archive.
4. Bourbon Resolution File, Schenley Papers, United Distillers Archive.
1. F. Paul Pacult, American Still Life: The Jim Beam Story and the Making of the World’s #1 Bourbon (Hoboken, NJ: Wiley, 2003), 197–98.
2. Sally Van Winkle Campbell, But Always Fine Bourbon: Pappy Van Winkle and the Story of Old Fitzgerald (Louisville: Limestone Lane, 1999), 216.