Color Illustrations

Color Figure 1 ▲

These Cretaceous ammonites still have their rainbow-colored iridescence from “mother of pearl” aragonite preserved in their shells (see also fig. 2.1D). (Photograph by the author)

Color Figure 2 ▲

This ammonite shell has been completely replaced by pyrite (see also fig. 2.3B). (Courtesy of Wikimedia Commons)

Color Figure 3 ▲

The living inarticulate brachiopod Lingula, shown on the sediment surface after having been extracted from its burrow (see also fig. 13.5). (Courtesy of Wikimedia Commons)

Color Figure 4 ▲

Restoration of the bryozoan Archimedes in life (see also fig. 14.3D). (Illustration by Mary Persis Williams)

Color Figure 5 ▲

Occasionally, black shales preserve the soft parts of trilobites, here replaced by pyrite. This specimen shows the legs, gills, and antennae (see also fig. 15.5B). (Courtesy of Wikimedia Commons)

Color Figure 6 ▲

Diorama of the orthocone nautiloid as it would have appeared in the Ordovician (see also figure 16.12B). (Photograph by the author)

Color Figure 7 ▲

Diorama of the Cretaceous seafloor showing a large normally coiled ammonite, a corkscrew-spiraled heteromorph, the long straight Baculites, and the squid-like belemnites (see also fig. 16.14I). (Photograph by the author)

Color Figure 8 ▲

A typical graptolite colony of Diplograptus and Dictyonema as they might have looked floating on the Ordovician sea surface (see also fig. 18.3). (Illustration by Mary Persis Williams)

Color Figure 9 ▲

Head shield of Pteraspis (see also fig. 19.2C). (Courtesy of Wikimedia Commons)

Color Figure 10 ▲

Head and body shield of the giant arthrodire Dunkleosteus (see also fig. 19.3A). (Courtesy of Wikimedia Commons)

Color Figure 11 ▲

Reconstruction of the school-bus-sized Paleocene anaconda Titanoboa (see also fig. 19.11G). (Photograph by the author)

Color Figure 12 ▲

The giant brachiosaur sauropod Giraffatitan, on display in Museum für Naturkunde in Berlin (see also fig. 19.16D). (Courtesy of Wikimedia Commons)

Color Figure 13 ▲

The primitive rhino-like group known as brontotheres (see also fig. 19.24B). (Photograph by the author)

Color Figure 14 ▲

The short-faced bear, one of the largest land predators that ever lived; it is bigger than any living bear (see also fig. 19.30G). (Photograph by the author)