Figures
1.1 A general view of Barcelona, La Ilustración Española y Americana, 35, 8 July 1888 (Suplemento). Reproduced with permission of the Biblioteca de Catalunya
1.2 A visit to the Natural History Museum, photo by Frederic Ballell. Reproduced with permission of the Arxiu Fotogràfic de Barcelona
1.3 Laboratory of the Escola de Directors d’Indústries Químiques, 1916, photo by Frederic Ballell. Reproduced with permission of the Arxiu Fotogràfic de Barcelona
1.4 Electric lighting at the 1929 International Exhibition, unknown photographer. Reproduced with permission of the Arxiu Fotogràfic de Barcelona
2.1 Parc de la Ciutadella with installations devoted to natural history (1882–1917), located in a plan of 1902. Reproduced with permission of the Arxiu Històric de la Ciutat de Barcelona
2.2 The elephant Avi in the Barcelona Zoo. Reproduced with permission of the Arxiu del Parc Zoològic de Barcelona
2.3 The mammoth in the Parc. Reproduced with permission of the Arxiu Fotogràfic Centre Excursionista de Catalunya
2.4 The stuffed whale (caricature and photo). Caricature from L’Esquella de la Torratxa, 27 December 1912, p. 844. Reproduced with permission of the Biblioteca de Catalunya and of the Arxiu del Museu Darder de Banyoles
3.1 Martorell Museum’s Facade. Reproduced by courtesy of the Museu de Ciències Naturals de Barcelona (MCNB)
3.2 Ground and first floor plans of the Martorell Museum in 1916–17. Reproduced by courtesy of the MCNB
3.3 Plans of the ground and first floor of the Museu de Catalunya and view of the Fauna Catalana central showroom. Reproduced by courtesy of the MCNB
3.4 Classroom and laboratory in the new Museu de Catalunya, 1916–17. Reproduced by courtesy of the MCNB
4.1 Floor plans of the Clinicum, Cardenal’s ‘Healing House’, in 1899. Reproduced with permission of the Museu d’Història de la Medicina de Catalunya, Barcelona (MHMC)
4.2 Photograph of the trolley and lift at the Clinicum (1899). Reproduced with permission of the MHMC
4.3 Photograph of the facade of the Clinicum in 1899. Reproduced with permission of the MHMC
4.4 Advertisement of Botey’s clinic published in the Catalan medical press (1898). Reproduced with permission of the MHMC
5.1 Touristic map of Barcelona, around 1907. Reproduced with permission of the Institut Cartogràfic i Geològic de Catalunya, Barcelona
5.2 The toboggan, the witching waves, the water chute and the roller coaster at the Saturno Park, around 1913. Postcards, authors’ collection
5.3 Views of and from the Rabassada and the Tibidabo Park in Collserola Mountain, around 1915. Postcards, authors’ collection
5.4 Picture of people climbing up the Montjuïc Hill, 1910–1920 (‘Montjuïc abans de la reforma’, unknown author; with permission of the Arxiu Fotogràfic de Barcelona). Postcard of the well-planned Laribal garden, 1929 (authors’ collection). Promotional poster of the Maricel Park, around 1930 (reproduced with permission of the Biblioteca de Catalunya, Barcelona)
6.1 The geography of libertarian cultural activity in Barcelona and its hinterland (1888–1896) Modified version of D.J.M. Serra’s Map of Barcelona (Plano de Barcelona y sus alrededores en 1890: aprobado por el Excmo. Ayuntamiento). Reproduced with permission of the Institut Cartogràfic i Geològic de Catalunya
6.2 Anarchism and scientific education: young students at Francesc Ferrer’s Modern School. Boletín de la Escuela Moderna, 1901. Author’s private collection
6.3 Anarchist’s decentralized cultural network reaching the old industrial municipalities incorporated in 1897. El Clot’s Libertarian Athenaeum. Mundo Gráfico, March 1934. Author’s private collection
6.4 Revolution, technology and sexual reform in Barcelona. Contraceptive device’s advert. Salud y Fuerza, 1905. Author’s private collection
7.1 First International Spiritist Congress (1888). Federación Espiritista Internacional, Libro resumen. V Congreso Espiritista Internacional. Barcelona, 1 al 10 de septiembre 1934 (Barcelona: Federación Espiritista Internacional/Federación Espírita Española, 1934), p. 72. Reproduced by courtesy of the Biblioteca Nacional de España (BNE)
7.2 Amalia Domingo’s funeral parade leaving her home in Gràcia neighbourhood (1909). Luz y Unión, 10/5 (1909), p. 137. Reproduced by courtesy of the BNE
7.3 Anticlerical demonstration of women (1910). ‘Manifestación femenina en Barcelona’, Nuevo mundo, 27/862 (1910). Reproduced by courtesy of the BNE
7.4 Spiritists after a banquet organized for the poor (1908). Luz y Unión, 9/6 (1908), p. 179. Reproduced by courtesy of the BNE
8.1 The reception of the CIRPAC commission (Comité International pour la Réalisation de l’Architecture Contemporaine) (Barcelona, April 1932); and a picture of DCA under construction planned by Sert, Torres-Amat and Subirana, c 1934. Reproduced with permission of the Museu d’Història de la Medicina de Catalunya, Barcelona (MHMC)
8.2 Barcelona, map of the streets of the Fifth District, 1916. Reproduced with permission of the MHMC
8.3 Ephemera from the Roca Museum, Barcelona, c 1920s. Reproduced with permission of the MHMC
8.4 Front page and picture of the audience attending the museum published by Roca in his Diario del Museo, c 1935. Reproduced with permission of the MHMC
9.1 Photograph of the building of the Reial Acadèmia de Ciències i Arts de Barcelona (RACAB) with its two towers, 1914 (Fiestas científicas celebradas con motivo del CL aniversario de su fundación: 1914. Barcelona, 1915, p. 268). Reproduced with permission of the RACAB
9.2 Josep Domènech’s 1895 project of a new Observatory. Reproduced with permission of the RACAB
9.3 Comas i Solà during the visit of a group of women from the Instituto de Barcelona (Ilustració Catalana, 9 [405], 12 March 1911). Reproduced with permission of the RACAB
9.4 Map of Barcelona, 1929. Reproduced with permission of the Institut Cartogràfic i Geològic de Catalunya
10.1 The antennas at the Grand Hotel Colón (left), Radio Barcelona magazine (RBM), 7 February 1925, cover and the Tibidabo mountain, RBM, 19 September 1925, cover. Reproduced with permission of the Arxiu Històric de la Ciutat de Barcelona (AHCB)
10.2 The wire networks built from the stations at the Grand Hotel Colón (left), RBM, 16 September 1924, p.4, and the Tibidabo Mountain, RBM, 19 September 1925, p. 5. Reproduced with permission of the AHCB
10.3 The construction of wire networks in the 1929 International Exhibition. RBM, 19 January 1929, p. 9. Reproduced with permission of the AHCB
10.4 Teyá’s public school and wireless telephony. Reproduced with permission of the AHCB
11.1 The 1929 International Exhibition. Avinguda Maria Cristina. (left: Roisin Collection / right: Merletti Collection). Reproduced with permission of Institut d’Estudis Fotogràfics de Catalunya
11.2 The main entrance of the Exposición de la Luz; and the Street of Light at the Exposición de la Luz. (Emili Godés, La Exposición de la Luz: en el Certamen Internacional de Barcelona 1929–1930). Reproduced with permission of the Biblioteca de Catalunya
11.3 Left: The electric obelisk at the Plaça de Catalunya (Author’s private collection). Right: Cartoon published at L’Esquella de la Torratxa, 2658, 6 June 1930, p. 377, reproduced with permission of the Biblioteca de Catalunya
11.4 Customers at the entrance of the Compañía de Aplicaciones Eléctricas showroom at Plaça Catalunya, 20 in 1930; and the same place lighted by night. (FECSA Collection, autored by Enric Solanes). Reproduced with permission of the Arxiu Nacional de Catalunya
Maps
1 Barcelona in 1888. Plano general de Barcelona y sus alrededores. Leopoldo Rovira. RM.2480. Reproduced with permission of the Institut Cartogràfic i Geològic de Catalunya
2 Barcelona in 1929. Plano de Barcelona. Gráficas Bobes S. A., RM.275297. Reproduced with permission of the Institut Cartogràfic i Geològic de Catalunya