Index

 

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Accounting aggressive, 2–6, 16, 18, 42–43

as catalyst, 31

changes, 83–85

investors and, 84

issues, 32

management using, 83–85

percentage-of-completion, 42–50

principles, 84

trouble, 31

Accounts payable, cash flow improved by, 129

Accounts receivable

of Akamai Technologies, 116–117

allowance for doubtful accounts and, 85–89

cash flow boosted by, 129

DSO and, 247

of Jacobs Engineering, 148

tangible book value influenced by, 101–102

Accumulation/distribution rating, 207–208

Acquisitions, 85

Cisco Systems making, 162, 163

companies making, 161

EBITDA and, 145

free cash flow influenced by, 161

goodwill and, 89, 90–92

growth masked by, 162, 164

HP, made by, 114

investors omitting, 161, 162

management and, 161

of Quest Software, 162, 164

shareholder value added by, 191

taxes preventing, 113

value added by, 192

working capital influenced by, 135

Active managers, 249, 252, 265n4

Activist firms, 188–189

Aeropostale, 106–108

Age, 11

Aggressive accounting, 2–6, 16, 18, 42–43

Aggressive revenue recognition. See Revenue recognition

Akamai Technologies, 115–122

Alderwoods, 185–186, 192

Allowance for doubtful accounts, 85–89

Ambac, 26–28

America Online (AOL), 31–32, 93–94, 259n26

Analysts, 22–23, 77–78

Angry Birds, 25

Angstrom caps, 191

AOL. See America Online

Apple, OCF margin of, 139, 140

Artusi, Dan, 64

AsiaInfo Holdings, Inc., 43–50

Assets. See also Tangible book value

allocation, 252–253, 265n7

capitalizing, 92–94

companies writing down, 91

discounts and, 178–179

as earnings quality indicators, 85–94

fixed, 85

hard, 180–182, 183

liabilities’ relationship to, 83

management inflating, 89–90

other current, 92

shareholder equity’s relationship to, 83

value, 91, 180, 183

Average cost method, 79, 80

Balance sheet, 36, 66, 83, 96

Bankruptcy, 191–192

Baruch, Bernard, 186

Bear markets, 14, 165, 220–224, 257n11

Behavioral finance, 176–177

Behind the Numbers , 112–115

Berkshire Hathaway, 125, 175, 178

Biggs, Barton, 15

Biglari, Sardar, 158, 160–161

Bill-and-hold revenue, 53–54

Black Swan, 197

Blackstar Funds, 9–10

Bonds, 193–194, 233–234

Brennan, Russ, 64

Browne, Tweedy, 16, 173, 176, 177, 178, 186, 189

Buffett, Warren, 16, 125, 154, 256n7

on Berkshire Hathaway, 179

on gains, 229

Graham and, 175

on money, 179

rule of, 188

speech of, 176

on stock price, 175

Bull markets, 165, 220–224

Business model, failure of, 20–21, 26–29

Businesses. See Companies

Capital, 128–135, 235–236

Capital expenditures (capex), 120, 156–159, 161

Capitalizing, 92–94

Cash

of Cisco Systems, 113, 163

companies needing, 112

conversion cycle, 129

EPS, 152–154

from financing, 165–169

of Google, 114

from investing, 156, 158–165

investors on, 115, 167

of Merck, 114

of Motorola, 113–114

from operations, 124

repatriated, 112–113

at Steak ’n Shake, 159–160

taxes on, 111–112

U.S. and, 112–113

Cash conversion cycle (CCC), 129, 151

Cash flow, 114, 124–125, 126, 129, 150–151. See also Free cash flow; Operating cash flow

Cash flow statement, 36, 123, 124, 169

Catalysts, 20

accounting trouble as, 31

as attributes, 191–192

short sellers influenced by, 26

stocks, working with, 180

CCC. See Cash conversion cycle

CDOs. See Collateralized debt obligations

CGM Focus Fund, 10, 14, 219–220

Changes in assets and liabilities. See Changes in working capital

Changes in working capital, 128–135

Charges

companies and, 91, 95, 109, 110

EPS influenced by, 109

of HP, 109, 110

impairment, 77–78, 91

inventory, 77–79

investors influenced by, 109

management and, 55, 109

one-time, 109, 110

reserves indicated by, 95

revenue influenced by, 55

serial, 95, 109, 110

Wall Street influenced by, 109

Chicanery, 1, 2-3, 247-248

Chipotle Mexican Grill, 201

Ciena, 207

Cisco Systems, 78-79, 113, 162, 163

Coach (luxury accessory maker), 55

Coca-Cola risks, 115

COGS. See Cost of goods sold

Coinstar, 202, 203

Collateralized debt obligations (CDOs), 27

Comiskey, Eugene, 4, 92—93

Commodities, stock as, 200

Communication from companies, 22-23

Companies

acquisitions made by, 161

assets written down by, 91

bankruptcy and, 190-191

in bear market, 165

in bull market, 165

cash needed by, 112

charges and, 91, 95, 109, 110

communication from, 22-23

costs controlled by, 105

as damaged goods, 191—192

with debt, 98-99

deferred revenue of, 51—52

distributors purchased by, 55

dividends, weighted based on, 250

doubtful accounts and, 86

drilling rig, 190

earnings quality of, 146, 148, 173-174

financial, 98-99

growth, 186, 250

highly acquisitive, 161-164

insiders, 187, 188

inventory buildup influencing, 76-77

inventory components reported by, 66

inventory sold by, impaired, 77-78

inventory written off by, 78-79

investors influenced by, 84, 109, 246

LIFO reserve used by, 77, 78

long side, considered for, 173-174

market influencing, 190

PP&E sold by, 156

price discounted by, 39

price-to-sales ratio valuing, 244

reserves disclosed by, 86

sales manipulated by, 245

SEC filings of, 23

shorting, 165

Silicon Valley, 165-169

software, 93

stock contrasted with, 204-205

stock repurchased by, 187-188

taxes and, 111-115

tangible bank value of, 179

tech, 70-71, 126, 161-164, 247-248

U.S., 111-112

Wall Street’s expectations of, 38-39, 52

working capital managed by, 128-135

Computer Associates, 54

Confirmation bias, 174, 210, 219-220

Cost of goods sold (COGS), inventory determining, 77

Costs

average, 16-17, 79, 80, 215, 216

capitalizing, 92-94

companies controlling, 105

fixed, 76

gross profit influenced by, 105

inventory, 80-82

inventory input, 105

management controlling, 105

stepped-up, 80-81

Cotton, 106, 107, 108

Crash of 1929, Graham almost finished by, 194

Crocs, 23-25, 70, 71

D&A. See Depreciation and amortization Dairy Queen, 125

Days in deferred revenue (DDR), 94-95

Days sales in inventory (DSI), 63-67

Days sales outstanding (DSO), 29, 40-42, 259n2

accounts receivable and, 247

change over time of, 247, 248

chicanery, 247-248

description of, 37-38

increase in, 39

of Jacobs Engineering, 148

price-to-sales ratio and, 248-249

revenue recognition influenced by, 37-38

revenue recognition pointed to by, 247

Wall Street and, 38

Days to cover, 31

DDR. See Days in deferred revenue De Bondt, Werner F.M., 190

Death Cross, 230–234, 236

Debt, 98–101, 167–169

Deferred revenue, 51–52, 94, 95

Del Vecchio Earnings Quality Index, 25–251, 252

Depreciation and amortization (D&A), 84–85, 124–125, 158

Digital River, 153–154

Discounts, 179–180

Distributors, 55

Divergences, 69, 208–210

Dividends, 99–100, 167–169, 250, 256n6

DJIA. See Dow Jones Industrial Average Dodd, David, 13, 175

Dollar-cost averaging, 11, 13–14, 16–17

Domtar Corp., 130, 131

Dow Jones Industrial Average (DJIA), 221–222, 223

Drawdowns, 219–220, 225, 226, 227, 228, 235, 252–253

DSI. See Days sales in inventory

DSO. See Days sales outstanding

Earl, Ralph Waldo, 193–194

Earnings, 3, 86–89, 91, 183–187

Earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization (EBITDA), 143–146, 150–151, 183–185

Earnings per share (EPS)

of Akamai Technologies, 117–118

cash, 152–154

charges influencing, 109

D&A period influencing, 84–85

media focusing on, 3

reserves boosting, 78, 95–96, 97

Earnings quality

aggressive accounting lowering, 4

analysis, 174

assets as indicators of, 85–94

of companies, 146, 173–174

description of, 3

doubtful accounts pointing to, 87

income statement, concerns of, 36

inventory and, 63, 82

liabilities as indicators of, 94–101

revenue recognition and, 36

SG&A expenses indicating, 109

of stocks, 250, 251

EBITDA. See Earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization

EBIX, 202

EDS. See Electronic Data Systems

Efficient market theory (EMT), 176–177, 251–252

Electronic Data Systems (EDS), 114

Emotion, 190, 203–204, 230

EMT. See Efficient market theory Enron, 25–26

Ensco, 190

Enterprise value (EV), 184–186

EPS. See Earnings per share eResearch Technology, 40–41

Esposito, Joseph, 41

EV. See Enterprise value

Expectations, 244, 246–248

Expenses, 92–94, 109

Experience, 152, 175–177

Fads, 20, 23–25

Fama, Eugene, 15, 19, 257n16

Fama-French three-factor model (FF3), 257n16

FASB. See Financial Accounting Standards Board

Fear, management influenced by, 97

FF3. See Fama-French three-factor model

FIFO. See First-in first-out

50-day moving average (50 DMA), 212–214, 230–233

Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB), 37, 57, 83, 125–126

Financial statements, 36, 84–85, 123–124. See also Income statement

Financing, 164–169

Firmness of character, 13–14

First-in first-out (FIFO), 77

Fischer, Jeff, 259n26

Fisher, Kenneth, 244–245, 246

Float, 31

Fossil, 130, 132

401(k) plans, 14–15, 224–225, 257n13

Fox, Justin, 177

Frauds, 20, 25–26

Free cash flow, 154

acquisitions influencing, 161

of Helen of Troy, 155–156, 157

investors using, 155

margin, 155

market capitalization to, 184

of Maxim Integrated Products, 138

of Quest Software, 162, 164

at Steak ‘n Shake, 159–160

working capital and, 128

French, Kenneth, 15, 19, 257n16

GAAP. See Generally accepted accounting principles

Gains, 10, 17, 228, 229

Gambling, 192

General Electric (GE), risk of, 114

Generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP), 77

Gold, 182

Goodrich Corp., 91–92

Goodwill, 89–92

Google, 114

Government, 112

Graham, Benjamin, 13, 16, 256n7

Buffett and, 175

Crash of 1929 almost finishing, 195

description of, 175

earnings yield of, 184

on gains, 229

liquidation value calculated by, 179

strategies, 175

Green Mountain Coffee Roasters, 134–135, 210–211

Gross, Ron, 182

Growth

acquisitions masking, 162, 164

capex, 156, 158–159, 161

companies, 185

of companies, 250

investors, 100

investors seduced by, 247

revenue, 59–61

stocks, 244

Gulf of Mexico spill, 189

Hastings, Reed, 20–21, 28–29

Heebner, Ken, 10, 14, 219–220

Helen of Troy, 41–42

free cash flow of, 155–156, 157

intangibles of, 101

net income of, 142, 144

non-monetary transactions of, 53–54

OCF of, 142–143, 144

revenue growth of, 59–61

stock of, 60

Hewlett-Packard (HP), 109, 110, 114, 167–169

Hot Topic, 182

Houston, Paul, 185

HP. See Hewlett-Packard Human nature

changing, 253

dollar-cost averaging influenced by, 13–14

investors influenced by, 10, 21, 210

RIAs hamstrung by, 18

IBM. See International Business Machines

Ikenberry, David, 264n8

Income statement

earnings quality concerns of, 36

items special to, 105–111

management manipulating, 83

net income on, 36, 123

reserves and, 96

revenue as driver of, 36

Indexes

active managers failing to outperform, 249, 265n4

description of, 17

investors, 224, 225, 226

market-capitalization weighted, 249, 250

stocks, individual, as alternative to, 17

stocks of, 249–250

Indicators, 205–208, 230–241

Inflation, 11, 12–13, 14, 100–101

Inputs, 78, 105–106, 107, 108

Institutions, 206, 209–210

Insurance, 26–28

Intangibles, 89–90, 101

Intel, 67, 68

The Intelligent Investor (Graham), 175, 184

InterDigital Communications, 55–57

Interest income, 54

International Business Machines (IBM), 44–46

Internet, 178

Inventory. See also Inventory components

on balance sheet, 66

buildup, 75–77

charges, 77–79

of Cisco Systems, 78–79

COGS determined by, 77

cost, 80–82

description of, 63

earnings quality and, 63, 82

expansion of, 129

GAAP on, 77

impaired, 77–78

input costs, 105

investors and, 77

management overseeing production of, 66

prices, 70–71

reduction of, 129

selling written-off, 78–79

of Skechers, 181–182

step-up, 80–82

TBV influenced by, 101–102

valuation, 79–80

written off by companies, 78–79

Inventory components, 66–67, 69. See also Negative divergence; Positive divergence

Investing

attributes common to, 173, 177–192

cash from, 156, 158–165

as gambling, 192

long, 174, 175

process, 174

strategy, 175–177, 215–216

value, 174

Investments, 156, 200

Investors

accounting methods and, 84

acquisitions omitted by, 161, 162

aggressive accounting and, 16, 18

behavior of, 10

buy-and-hold, 221, 222

on cash, 115, 167

cash flow, knowledge of, 126

cash flow statement analyzed by, 169

charges influencing, 109

companies influencing, 84, 109, 246

confirmation bias influencing, 210, 219–220

cycles timed by, 228

D&A looked at by, 125

damaged goods perception influencing, 191–192

debt and, 98, 167

dividends and, 100

dollar-cost averaging used by, 13–14

with drawdowns, 220

emotion and, 190, 203–204

expectations of, 247–248

financial statements looked at by, 124

free cash flow used by, 155

fundamental, 199

growth, 100

growth seducing, 247

human nature influencing, 10, 21, 210

index, 224, 225, 226

individual, 224–225

Internet as worst enemy of, 178

inventory and, 77

long, 109, 211, 246

long term, 200

media influencing, 214

money influencing, 178

mutual funds of, 200

nominal returns and, 11

outside, 187, 188–189

patience of, 174

Priceline purchased by, 155

profit margins hypnotizing, 105

rational, 167

real returns and, 11

return maximized by, 230

revenue analyzed by, 35

risk maximized by, 230

shorting, 19–20, 30

of Steak ‘n Shake, 158, 161

stock charts studied by, 229

stock options and, 126

stocks chosen by, 11, 173

supply and demand and, 205

tax benefits reviewed by, 128

taxes reviewed by, 111

texts learned by, 177

trends and, 203–205

value, 16, 100, 144–145, 155, 173, 174, 175, 176–177, 179–181, 191, 194–195, 246

value influenced by, 174

Jacobs Engineering, 146, 148–151, 152–153

Jarden (consumer products company), 80–82

Jockeys, 189

Jones, Paul Tudor, 215, 216

Juniper Networks, 57–59, 213–214, 260n8

Kahneman, Daniel, 176–177

Keynes, John Maynard, 14

Knapp, Tom, 176

Kumar, Sanjay, 54

Lacey, John, 185

Lakonishok, Josef, 177, 264n8

Land, agricultural, 181

Large caps, professionals restricted to, 19

Last twelve months (LTM), 139, 145–147, 150, 155

Last-in first-out (LIFO), 77, 78

Leases, sales-type, 54–55

Lefèvre, Edwin, 18

Legg Mason Value Trust, 215, 216

Lemonade stand, 184

Liabilities, 83, 94–101, 152

LIFO. See Last-in first-out Lipman Electronic Engineering, 76–77, 262n4

Loewen Group, 185

Long book. See Long side Long-short percentages, 195–197

Long-short portfolio, 5

example regarding, 192–195

losses avoided by, 197

risk influenced by, 30

short side hedging, 183

uncertainties, helping with, 193–195

Long side

companies considered for, 173–174

odds and, 192

strategy for, 5, 15–16, 173, 194–195

Losses, 197, 227, 229, 253

Lost decade, 222

LTM. See Last twelve months

Lynch, Peter, 10

Maginot Line, 212–214

Management

accounting changes used by, 83–85

acquisitions and, 161

aggressive accounting of, 2–4, 42–43

assets inflated by, 89–90

balance sheet manipulated by, 83

charges and, 55, 109

chicanery of, 2

costs controlled by, 105

doubtful accounts manipulated by, 86–87

estimates of, 84–85

expectations, pressured to meet, 247–248

experience used by, 152

FASB leaving discretion with, 83

fear influencing, 97

fnancial statements manipulated by, 84–85, 123

goodwill manipulated by, 89–90

growth capex and, 156, 157

income statement manipulated by, 83

intangibles manipulated by, 89–90

inventory production, overseeing, 66

investments influenced by, 200

liability coverage inflated by, 89–90

maintenance capex and, 156, 157

mergers and, 161

nonmonetary transactions used by, 52–53

percentage-of-completion used by, 42–43

of portfolio, 200–216

return assumptions raised by, 98

revenue manipulated by, 35, 37, 38–42, 55

risk, 18, 33, 174, 215–216

shareholders influenced by, 1–2

of short side, 5, 200, 220

of Steak ‘n Shake, 158, 161

stock price managed by, 107–108

Wall Street and, 38, 52, 85, 86, 105, 123

Mandelbrot, Benoit, 196

Margin calls, 23

Margin of safety, 179–180, 181, 246

Market capitalization, 178, 183, 249, 250

Market composite signal, 239, 241

Market timing, 221, 229–230, 239

Markets. See also Bear markets; Bull markets; Market timing

companies influenced by, 190

conditions, 194

cycles, secular, 221

cycles of, 221–224

cyclical, 228

history of, 197–198

investors entering, individual, 224–225

performance, 239

shifts, 229–230

sideways, 223

stocks causing gains of, 10

time in, 220

MarketSmith charts, 205–208

Martin, Craig, 151

Maxim Integrated Products, 71–75, 88–89, 135–138

Media, 3, 214

Medidata Solutions, 94–95

Merck, 114

Mergers, 85, 161

Microsoft, 204–205

Miller, Bill, 16–17, 215, 216

Modern portfolio theory (MPT), 176–177, 251–252

Money

Buffett on, 178–179

inflation, preserved against, 14

investors influenced by, 178

short side, gained on, 70

stock as way to make, 200

stocks losing, 9, 10, 194–195

Montier, James, 161

Morgan, J. P., 197

Motorola, 113–114

Moving averages, price action smoothed out by, 230

MPT. See Modern portfolio theory

Mulford, Charles, 4, 92–93

Munger, Charlie, 22

Mutual funds of investors, 200

The Myth of the Rational Markets (Fox), 177

Negative divergence, 67, 69, 70, 71–75

Net cash from operations. See Operating cash flow

Net income, 150

cash EPS, greater than, 152

on cash flow statement, 36, 123

of Helen of Troy, 142, 144

on income statement, 36, 123

OCF and, 135–138, 139, 141–143

reserves bolstering, 96

Net operating loss carryforwards (NOLs), 111

Netflix, 20–21

investment in, 200

LTM spread of, 145–146, 147

as open situation, 28–29

stock of, 200

stock price of, 148

NOLs. See Net operating loss carryforwards

Nominal returns, investors and, 11

Nonmonetary transactions, 52–54

OCF. See Operating cash flow

Ockham’s Razor, 200

O’glove, Thornton, 4, 69

One-time gains. See Interest income Open situation, 26, 28–29

OpenTable, 29, 206

Openwave Systems, 142

Operating cash flow (OCF), 124, 150–151

of Helen of Troy, 142–143, 144

margin, 139, 140, 145–146

of Maxim Integrated Products, 135–138

net income and, 135–138, 139, 141–143

stock-based compensation added to, 125–126

working capital freeing, 128–135

Operating leverage of Akamai Technologies, 121

Opportunistic value, 183

Optionalities, 180–181, 184, 246

O’Shaughnessy, James P., 244–245

Outlier event, 197, 198

Oxford Health Plans, 186

Patience of investors, 174

Paulson, Hank, 197

P/E ratio. See Price-earnings ratio

Pension plans, 97–98

Percentage-of-completion accounting, 42–50

Poker, 192, 198

Portfolio, 200–216, 228. See also Long-short portfolio

Positive divergence, 67, 69

PP&E. See Property, plant, and equipment

Precious metals, 181

Press releases, 22, 106–107

Price action, 205, 209–210, 229, 230–241

Price charts. See Stock charts

Price-earnings (P/E) ratio in The Intelligent Investor , 184

Priceline, 155

Prices. See also Price action

allowance for doubtful accounts influencing, 86

companies discounting, 39

cotton, 106, 107, 108

distributors influencing, 55

dividends influencing, 100

earnings in relation to, 182–186

indicators derived from, 205

input, 78, 105–106, 107, 108

institutions influencing, 209–210

inventory, 70–71

margin calls influenced by, 23

marked-down, 79–80

Netflix, 148

nonmonetary transactions fueling, 52–53

purchase, 90–92

revenue recognition influencing, 243

reverting to mean, 189–190

short sellers and, 30, 31

stock, 23, 52–53, 70, 77, 86, 100, 107–108, 175, 186, 189, 212–214, 243

Price-to-asset value. See Tangible book value

Price-to-earnings ratio v. price-to-sales ratio, 245

Price-to-sales ratio, 243, 244, 245–246, 248–249

Professionals restricted to large caps, 19

Profit margins, 48, 105, 118–121

Profits, 95–96, 105, 112, 119

Property, plant, and equipment (PP&E), 156

Protective stop. See Stop-loss order

PRTIX. See T. Rowe Price U.S. Treasury Intermediate Fund

Quality of Earnings (O’glove), 4, 69

Quest Software, 51–52, 102, 104–105, 162, 164, 260n4

RAE Systems, 139, 141

Rambus, 126–128, 165–167

Rangel, Charles, 112

Real estate, commercial, 180–181

Real returns, investors and, 11

Registered investment advisers (RIAs), 15–16, 18, 217, 252–253

Reinhart, Carmen, 197

Related-party revenue, 50–52

Relative strength line, 208–209

Reminiscences of a Stock Operator (Lefèvre), 18

Reports, 22–23, 85

Research, 175–177

Reserves, 77–79, 86, 95–97, 117–118

Retail method, 79, 80

Returns. See also Nominal returns; Real returns

assumption for, 97, 98

inflation influencing, 11, 12–13

investors maximizing, 230

monthly, 227

price-to-sales ratio influencing, 244

risk and, 230

SPY, 227

Revenue

balance sheet driven by, 36

bill-and-hold, 53–54

cash flow statement driven by, 36

charges influencing, 55

deferred, 51–52, 94, 95

earned, 37

financial statements driven by, 36

frauds indicated by, 26

growth, 59–60

income statement driven by, 36

interest income in, 54

investors analyzing, 35

management manipulating, 35, 37, 38–42, 55

realizable, 37

realized, 37

related-party, 49–51

reserves boosting, 79

Revenue recognition, 32

bill-and-hold revenue influencing, 54

distributors influencing, 55

DSO influencing, 37–38

DSO pointing to, 247

earnings quality and, 36

FASB on, 37, 56

interest income influencing, 54

nonmonetary transactions influencing, 52–54

percentage-of-completion method and, 42–50

policy, 55–59

price influenced by, 243

related-party revenue influencing, 49–51

revenue growth and, 59–60

sales-type leases influencing, 54–55

stock influenced by, 243

stuffng the channel influencing, 38–42

RIAs. See Registered investment advisers

Risk

Coca-Cola, 115

debt representing, 98

fads as, 23, 25

of General Electric, 114

investors maximizing, 230

long-short portfolio influencing, 30

management, 18, 33, 174, 215–216

returns and, 230

of salesforce.com, 262n5

stock, 15

technical tools reducing, 211

timing, of wrong, 211

Rogoff, Kenneth, 197

Rolling LTM. See Last twelve months (LTM)

Rothschild, Nathan, 195

Rovio, 25

Russell 3000, 9–10, 249

Sales, companies manipulating, 245

salesforce.com, 90, 93, 94, 262n5

Sales-type leases, 54–55

Schilit, Howard, 245

Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), 23

Security Analysis (Graham and Dodd), 175

Selling, 14, 78–79, 257n11

Selling, general, and administrative (SG&A) expenses, 109

Sex, 177

SG&A expenses. See Selling, general, and administrative expenses

Shareholder equity, 83. See also Tangible book value

Shareholder value, 113, 192

Shareholders, 1–2, 100, 128, 186–188. See also Shareholder equity

Shares. See Stocks

Short book. See Short side

Short sellers

catalysts influencing, 26

price and, 30, 31

short thesis of, 211

short-only, 29–30

targets of, 20–22

Short side

drawdown reduced by, 220

long-short portfolio hedged by, 182

managing, 5, 200, 220

money gained on, 70

Short squeeze, 31

Shorting, 19–22, 30, 216

companies, 165

Siegel, Jeremy, 14, 257n10, 257n11

Silicon Laboratories, 63–66, 86–87

Skechers, 102, 103, 182–183

Skilling, Jeffrey, 25–26

Small caps, 190–191, 235–236

Small-cap value, 15–16, 173, 175–177

Small-cap/bond spread indicator, 236–237

Son, Masayoshi, 51

S&P 500, 17, 195–198, 251, 252

S&P 500 index ETF (SPY), 225–227, 233–236

S&P 1500 Index, 245–246, 248–249

Sprott, Eric, 181

SPY. See S&P 500 index ETF

Steady-state business, 183, 186

Steak ’n Shake, 158–161

Stock charts

analyzing, 201

of Chipotle Mexican Grill, 201

of Ciena, 207

of Coinstar, 203

of EBIX, 202

of Green Mountain Coffee Roasters, 211

investors studying, 229

of Juniper Networks, 213

of Microsoft, 204

of OpenTable, 206

technicians reviewing, 199, 214

trend shown by, 202–203, 205

of WMS Industries, 209

Stock market. See Markets

Stock-based compensation, 125–128

Stock-bond spread indicator, 236, 238–239, 240–241

Stocks. See also Large caps; Shorting; Small caps; Stock charts

of Akamai Technologies, 122

allowance for doubtful accounts influencing, 86

attributes of, 173, 177–192

based compensation, 125–128

brand-name, 10

buybacks, 165–169, 187–188, 264n8

buying, 17

catalysts working with, 179

as commodity, 200

companies contrasted with, 204–205

companies repurchasing, 187

debt issued for, 167–169

decline of, 17

dollar-cost averaging, 16–17

earnings quality of, 250, 251

expectations shown by, 244, 246

gains caused by, 10

gains of, 17

growth, 244

Helen of Troy, 59–60

of indexes, 249–250

indexes as alternative to, 17

individual, 17

institutions moving, 206

investors choosing, 11, 173

management managing price of, 107–108

market’s gains caused by, 10

mispriced, 175

money, as way to make, 200

money lost by, 9, 10, 193–194

of Netflix, 200

Netflix, price of, 148

options, 125–128, 165, 186

price, 23, 52–53, 70, 77, 86, 100, 107–108, 175, 187, 190, 212–214, 243

price action of, 209–210

revenue recognition influencing, 243

reverting to mean, 189

risk, 15

shorting influenced by, 216

tangible book value, low, 178–183

technology, 245–246

value, 264n8

value, below intrinsic, 188

Stocks for the Long Run (Siegel), 14

Stop-loss order, 216

Store of value, 15

Strategy

Graham, 175

investing, 175–177, 215–216

long side, 5, 15–16, 173, 194–195

long-short, 198, 253

results from, comparison of, 233

small-cap value as, 15–16, 173

temperament required by, 174

Street. See Wall Street

Stuffing the channel, 38–42

Super Stocks (Fisher), 244

“The Superinvestors of Graham-and Doddsville” (Buffett), 176

Supply and demand, 205–208

Swenson, David, 179

Synaptics, 86–88, 96–97

T. Rowe Price U.S. Treasury Intermediate Fund (PRTIX), 233–234, 236

Taleb, Nassim Nicholas, 197

Tangible book value (TBV)

accounts receivable influencing, 101–102

of companies, 179

inventory influencing, 101–102

of Quest Software, 102, 104–105

of Skechers, 102, 103

stocks, 178–182

Tweedy Browne defining, 178

Tax-advantaged accounts, 14–15, 257n13. See also 401(k) plans

Taxes

acquisitions prevented by, 113

benefits, 126, 128, 137–138

on cash, 111–112

companies and, 111–115

on Google, 114

holiday, 112–113

investors reviewing, 111

on Merck, 114

on Motorola, 113–114

profits as source of, 112

rate, 111–112, 113, 114, 115

rules, 113

shareholder value hurt by, 113

stock options, benefits from, 126, 128

U.S., 111–112

valuation allowance, 111

TBV. See Tangible book value

Technical analysis, 199–200, 205, 229, 230

Technical tools, risk reduced by, 211

Technicians, 199, 214, 229

Teenybopper Inc., 80

Templeton, John, 174

Terminal short, 30

Thaler, Richard, 176–177, 189

Theory

Efficient market, 176–177, 251–252

Modern portfolio, 176–177, 251–252

Tice, David, 245

Tilson, Whitney, 20–21, 28–29, 258n20

Timing, risk of wrong, 211. See also Market timing

Trading around 50 DMA, 212–213

Trends, 202–205

Tudor Investments, 215, 216

Tversky, Amos, 176–177

250-day moving average (250 DMA), 232–233

200-day moving average (200 DMA), 231–233

Under Armour, 132–134, 145, 146

United States (U.S.), 111–113. See also Government

Up/down volume ratio, 205–207

U.S. See United States

UTStarcom (UTSI), 49–51

Value. See also Shareholder value; Small-cap value; Tangible book value

acquisitions adding, 192

asset, 91, 180, 183

enterprise, 184

investing, 174

investors, 16, 100, 144–145, 155, 173, 174, 175, 176–177, 179–181, 191, 194–195, 246

investors influencing, 174

liquidation, 179

opportunistic, 183

price-to-sales ratio estimating, 243

stocks, 264n8

stocks below intrinsic, 187

Value-with-catalyst, 20

VeriFone, 76, 77, 84, 262n4

Vermaelen, Theo, 264n8

Volcker, Paul, 224

WAC. See Weighted average unit cost

Wall Street

on Akamai Technologies, 118–119

analysts, 22–23, 77–78

charges influencing, 109

companies, expectations of, 38–39, 52

DSOs and, 38

estimates of, 123

impairment charge added by, 77–78

management and, 38, 52, 85, 86, 105, 123

profit margins influencing, 105

reports, 22–23

Warranties, reserves for, 96–97

Wealth, War and Wisdom (Biggs), 15

Weighted average unit cost (WAC), 77

“What Has Worked in Investing” (Tweedy Browne), 173, 176, 177

What Works on Wall Street (O’Shaughnessy), 244

Whipsaws, 232–233, 237

William O’Neil + Co., Inc., 205–208, 210, 217

WMS Industries, 134–135, 208–209

WONDA, 217

Working capital, 128–135

Zhang, Steve, 46–47

Zweig, Jason, 13, 257n10