Notes

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

    1. “Become a Member,” Jono Bacon, accessed January 9, 2019, https://www.jonobacon.com/join/.

FOREWORD

    1. Charles Lindbergh, Spirit of St. Louis (New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1953), 25, 34, 77, 102.

    2. Michelle Evans, “5 Stats You Need to Know About Connected Consumers,” Forbes, August 22, 2017, https://www.forbes.com/sites/michelleevans1/2017/08/22/5-stats-you-need-to-know-about-connected-consumers-in-2017/#7909aeec1962; Peter Diamandis, “4 Billion New Minds Online: The Coming Era of Connectivity,” Singularity, July 27, 2018, https://singularityhub.com/2018/07/27/4-billion-new-minds-online-the-coming-era-of-connectivity/#sm.000qnxowz119ye48z0y104iujpn9p.

    3. Tibi Puiu, “Your Smartphone Is Millions of Times More Powerful Than All of NASA’s Combined Computing in 1969,” ZMEScience, February 15, 2019, https://www.zmescience.com/research/technology/smartphone-power-compared-to-apollo-432/.

1: WHAT IS A COMMUNITY AND WHY DO YOU NEED TO BUILD ONE?

    1. “What Was It Like to Be Online During the 80s?” Gizmodo, September 25, 2014, https://gizmodo.com/what-it-was-like-to-be-on-the-internet-during-the-80s-1638800803; Benj Edwards, “The Lost Civilization of Dial-Up Bulletin Board Systems,” The Atlantic, November 4, 2016, https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2016/11/the-lost-civilization-of-dial-up-bulletin-board-systems/506465/.

    2. “Textfilesdotcom,” Text Files, accessed March 1, 2019, http://www.textfiles.com/.

    3. “About the GNU Project,” GNU, accessed March 1, 2019, https://www.gnu.org/gnu/thegnuproject.en.html.

    4. Calvin Reid, “Random House Acquires Figment,” Publisher’s Weekly, October 29, 2013, https://www.publishersweekly.com/pw/by-topic/childrens/childrens-industry-news/article/59745-random-house-acquires-figment.html.

    5. “Lego Ideas: Community,” LEGO.com, accessed November 2, 2018, https://ideas.lego.com/community?query=&sort=most_submissions.

    6. Asher Madan, “Xbox Live Grows to 59 Million Active Users,” Windows Central, January 31, 2018, https://www.windowscentral.com/xbox-live-grew-59-million-active-users-last-quarter.

    7. “SAP Community Home,” SAP, accessed November 2, 2018, https://www.sap.com/community.html.

    8. Jagdish N. Sheth and Rajendra S. Sisodia, Does Marketing Need Reform?: Fresh Perspectives on the Future (London: Routledge, 2006), 111.

    9. Rose Eveleth, “How Much Is Wikipedia Worth?,” Smithsonian, October 7, 2013, https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/how-much-is-wikipedia-worth-704865/.

  10. “Community and Collaboration,” Open Source Initiative, accessed March 2, 2019, https://opensource.org/community.

  11. Javelin VP, “The Power of Collaborative Media,” Medium, January 31, 2019, https://medium.com/@JavelinVP/power-of-collaborative-media-d6c32e617f71.

  12. Juliana J. Bolden, “Video: Joseph Gordon-Levitt on ‘HitRecord on TV’ on Winning an Emmy Award,” Television Academy, August 14, 2014, http://www.emmys.com/news/industry-news/video-joseph-gordon-levitt-hitrecord-tv-winning-an-emmy-award.

  13. Joseph Gordon-Levitt, telephone interview with Jono Bacon, November 7, 2018.

  14. Kate Clark, “Joseph Gordon-Levitt’s Artist Collaboration Platform HitRecord Raises $6.4m,” TechCrunch, January 31, 2019, https://techcrunch.com/2019/01/31/joseph-gordon-levitts-artist-collaboration-platform-hitrecord-raises-6-4m/.

  15. “Star Citizen by Cloud Imperium Games Corporation,” Kickstarter, accessed November 1, 2018, https://www.kickstarter.com/projects/cig/star-citizen; P. Ariyasinghe, “Star Citizen Hits $150 Million in Crowd Funding,” Neowin, May 20, 2017, https://www.neowin.net/news/star-citizen-hits-150-million-in-crowd-funding/.

  16. Lizette Chapman and Eric Newcomer, “Software Maker Docker Is Raising Funding at $1.3 Billion Valuation,” Bloomberg, August 9, 2017, https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2017-08-09/docker-is-said-to-be-raising-funding-at-1-3-billion-valuation.

  17. Johana Bhuiyan, “Drivers Don’t Trust Uber. This Is How It’s Trying to Win Them Back,” Recode, February 5, 2018, https://www.recode.net/2018/2/5/16777536/uber-travis-kalanick-recruit-drivers-tipping; Chris Matyszczyk “United Airlines Was Just Ranked Lower Than America’s Most Controversial Airline in Customer Satisfaction,” Inc., May 30, 2018, https://www.inc.com/chris-matyszczyk/united-airlines-was-just-ranked-lower-than-americas-most-controversial-airline-in-customer-satisfaction.html; Tom Chandler, “The Death of MySpace,” Young Academic, March 31, 2011, https://www.youngacademic.co.uk/features/the-death-of-myspace-young-academic-columns-953; Charles Arthur, “Digg Loses a Third of Its Visitors in a Month: Is It Dead?,” The Guardian, June 3, 2010, https://www.theguardian.com/technology/blog/2010/jun/03/digg-dead-falling-visitors.

  18. Emily Richardson, “Globally Offensive: Let’s Talk About Abuse in CS:GO,” Rock Paper Shotgun, July 17, 2015, https://www.rockpapershotgun.com/2015/07/17/cs-go-abuse/.

  19. “Support,” Fractal Audio Systems, accessed March 2, 2019, https://www.fractalaudio.com/support/.

  20. “Axe Change—The Official Site for Fractal Audio Presets, Cabs and More,” Axe Change, accessed March 2, 2019, http://axechange.fractalaudio.com/.

  21. Dan Ariely, “What Makes Us Feel Good About Our Work?,” TED, October 2012, https://www.ted.com/talks/dan_ariely_what_makes_us_feel_good_about_our_work.

  22. “Salesforce Customers List,” Sales Inside, accessed May 2, 2018, https://www.salesinsideinc.com/services-details/salesforce-customers-list.

  23. “Salesforce Trailblazer Community,” Salesforce, accessed February 25, 2019, https://success.salesforce.com/.

  24. “Firefox Crop Circle,” FirefoxCropCircle.com, accessed November 30, 2018, https://firefoxcropcircle.com/circle/; “SpreadFirefox,” Mozilla Firefox, November 2013, https://blog.mozilla.org/press/files/2013/11/nytimes-firefox-final.pdf.

  25. “Pebble Time—Awesome Smartwatch, No Compromises,” Kickstarter, accessed November 25, 2018, https://www.kickstarter.com/projects/getpebble/pebble-time-awesome-smartwatch-no-compromises/description; “Exploding Kittens,” Kickstarter, accessed November 25, 2018, https://www.kickstarter.com/projects/elanlee/exploding-kittens/description.

  26. Haydn Taylor, “Minecraft Exceeds 90m Monthly Active Users,” Games Industry, October 2, 2018, https://www.gamesindustry.biz/articles/2018-10-02-minecraft-exceeds-90-million-monthly-active-users.

  27. Minecraft Forum, accessed January 9, 2019, https://www.minecraftforum.net/forums; Minecraft Wiki, accessed January 9, 2019, https://minecraft.gamepedia.com/Minecraft_Wiki.

  28. Alex Sherman, and Lora Kolodny, “IBM to Acquire Red Hat in Deal Valued at $34 Billion,” CNBC, October 28, 2018, https://www.cnbc.com/2018/10/28/ibm-to-acquire-red-hat-in-deal-valued-at-34-billion.html.

  29. Jim Whitehurst, email interview with Jono Bacon, November 26, 2018.

  30. Desire Athow, “Linux Costs USD 10.8 billion to Build Says Linux Foundation,” IT Pro Portal, October 23, 2018, https://www.itproportal.com/2008/10/23/linux-costs-usd-108-billion-build-says-linux-foundation/.

  31. Paul Sawers, “WordPress Now Powers 30% of Websites, VentureBeat, March 5, 2018, https://venturebeat.com/2018/03/05/wordpress-now-powers-30-of-websites/.

  32. Liz Lanier, “‘Star Citizen’ Reaches $200 Million in Funding From 171 Countries,” Variety, November 19, 2018, https://variety.com/2018/gaming/news/star-citizen-reaches-200-million-1203032223/.

2: CONSUMERS, CHAMPIONS, AND COLLABORATORS

    1. “The History Of Iron Maiden—Part One,” 1:30:33, YouTube video, October 13, 2017, https://youtu.be/qDc5Px5f0OE?t=4308.

    2. Tom Hanks, A League of Their Own, directed by Penny Marshall (Culver City, CA: Columbia Pictures, 1992).

    3. xprize.org. (2019). Mojave Aerospace Ventures Wins The Competition That Started It All. [online] Available at: https://www.xprize.org/prizes/ansari/articles/mojave-aerospace-ventures-wins-the-competition [Accessed 29 Mar. 2019].

    4. “The Trek BBS,” TrekBBS, accessed May 17, 2018, https://www.trekbbs.com/.

    5. “Ardour—The Digital Audio Workstation,” Ardour, accessed May 25, 2018, https://ardour.org/.

    6. “/r/science metrics (Science),” Reddit Metrics, accessed May 9, 2018, http://redditmetrics.com/r/science. “/r/Sneakers metrics (Sneakerheads Unite!),” Reddit Metrics, accessed May 9, 2018, http://redditmetrics.com/r/Sneakers.

    7. Internet Archive, “The Long Tail,” Wired Blogs, September 8, 2005, https://web.archive.org/web/20170310130052/http://www.longtail.com/the_long_tail/2005/09/long_tail_101.html.

    8. “PSY–Gangnam Style,” 4:12, YouTube video, July 15, 2012, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9bZkp7q19f0.

    9. “Study Finds Our Desire for ‘Like-Minded Others’ Is Hard-Wired,” University of Kansas, February 23, 2016, https://news.ku.edu/2016/02/19/new-study-finds-our-desire-minded-others-hard-wired-controls-friend-and-partner.

  10. “Market Brief—2018 Digital Games & Interactive Entertainment Industry Year in Review,” SuperData Research, accessed May 25, 2018, https://www.superdataresearch.com/market-data/market-brief-year-in-review/.

  11. IGN Boards, accessed May 25, 2018, http://www.ign.com/boards/.

  12. Alexander van Engelen, interview with Jono Bacon via forum private message, May 10, 2018.

  13. “Kubernetes/Kubernetes: Production-Grade Container Scheduling and Management,” GitHub, accessed March 2, 2019, https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes.

  14. Gilbert Schacter et al., Psychology (New York: Worth Publishers, 2011), 295.

  15. L. Chapman, and E. Newcomer, “Software Maker Docker Is Raising Funding at $1.3 Billion Valuation,” Bloomberg, accessed May 10, 2018, https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2017-08-09/docker-is-said-to-be-raising-funding-at-1-3-billion-valuation; Red Hat Fact Sheet, https://investors.redhat.com/~/media/Files/R/Red-Hat-IR/documents/q218-fact-sheet.pdf; “Red Hat Reports Fourth Quarter and Fiscal Year 2018 Results,” RedHat, March 26, 2018, https://investors.redhat.com/news-and-events/press-releases/2018/03-26-2018-211600973.

  16. “Tensorflow,” GitHub, accessed January 4, 2019, https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow.

  17. “TensorFlow Case Studies and Mentions”. (n.d.). TensorFlow. [online] Available at: https://www.tensorflow.org/about/case-studies [Accessed 29 Mar. 2019].

  18. “Ubuntu Search Growth,” Google Trends, accessed May 25, 2018, https://trends.google.com/trends/explore?date=2004-01-01%202008-01-11&geo=US&q=ubuntu.

  19. “AC/DC—Touch Too Much (Official Video),” 4:26, YouTube video, March 7, 2013, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JGftIcp2SC0.

  20. “Seasoned Advice,” Stack Exchange, accessed May 26, 2018, https://cooking.stackexchange.com/.

  21. “Mathematics,” Stack Exchange, https://math.stackexchange.com/; “Music,” Stack Exchange, https://music.stackexchange.com/; and “Homebrewing,” Stack Exchange, https://homebrew.stackexchange.com/, all accessed May 26, 2018.

  22. “Build Anything on Android,” Android Developers, accessed May 26, 2018, https://developer.android.com/.

  23. “Civilized Discussion,” Discourse, accessed May 26, 2018, https://www.discourse.org/; “Choose Freedom, Choose Fedora,” Get Fedora, accessed May 26, 2018, https://getfedora.org/.

  24. Lanco News, “GOP Presidential Hopeful Ted Cruz Gets Booed on Colbert,” 0:31, YouTube video, September 22, 2015, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4NgmpZ2aXtE.

  25. Jim Zemlin, email interview with Jono Bacon, November 28, 2018.

  26. Zemlin, interview.

3: BUILD IT AND THEY (MAY) COME

    1. “Definition of Value,” Merriam-Webster, accessed November 26, 2018, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/value.

4: HUMANS ARE WEIRD

    1. Michael I. Norton, Daniel Mochon, and Dan Ariely, The “IKEA Effect”: When Labor Leads to Love, (working paper, Harvard Business School, 2011), https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Publication%20Files/11-091.pdf.

    2. Daniel Kahneman, Thinking, Fast and Slow (New York: Farrar, Straus & Giroux, 2011).

    3. Colleen Walsh, “Layers of Choice,” Harvard Gazette, February 5, 2014, https://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2014/02/layers-of-choice/#pq=v10mwP.

    4. David Rock, “SCARF: A Brain-Based Model for Collaborating with and Influencing Others,” NeuroLeadership Journal, June 15, 2008, http://web.archive.org/web/20100705024057/http://www.your-brain-at-work.com/files/NLJ_SCARFUS.pdf.

    5. Rock, “SCARF.”

5: CREATE AN INCREDIBLE ADVENTURE

    1. Ben Sillis, “The Greatest Video Game Opening Levels of All Time,” Red Bull, October 5, 2016, https://www.redbull.com/us-en/the-greatest-ever-video-game-opening-levels.

    2. “H.O.G. Members Site,” Harley-Davidson, accessed January 9, 2019, https://members.hog.com/.

    3. “The Organizer Guide,” Meetup, accessed January 8, 2019, https://help.meetup.com/hc/en-us/categories/115000229871-The-Organizer-Guide.

    4. “Search: Good First Issue,” GitHub, accessed January 5, 2019, https://github.com/search?q=good-first-issue&type=Issues.

    5. Antoine de Saint-Exupéry, The Airman’s Odyssey (New York: Mariner Books, 1984), 39.

    6. “Adventures,” Fitbit, accessed January 15, 2019, https://www.fitbit.com/challenges/adventures.

    7. “2019 Event Schedule,” Jeep Jamboree USA, accessed January 15, 2019, https://jeepjamboreeusa.com/tripsregister/.

    8. “Top Questions,” Stack Overflow, accessed January 15, 2019, https://stackoverflow.com/?tab=interesting.

    9. “Mentors,” APS Physics, accessed January 15, 2019, https://www.aps.org/programs/minorities/nmc/mentors.cfm.

  10. “Ubuntu Open Week,” Ubuntu Wiki, last updated March 18, 2014, https://wiki.ubuntu.com/UbuntuOpenWeek.

  11. “How Long Does It Take to Form a Habit? (Backed by Science),” James Clear, accessed November 26, 2018, https://jamesclear.com/new-habit.

  12. Nick Saint, “If You’re Not Embarrassed by the First Version of Your Product, You’ve Launched Too Late,” Business Insider, November 13, 2009, https://www.businessinsider.com/the-iterate-fast-and-release-often-philosophy-of-entrepreneurship-2009-11.

7: GLUE PEOPLE TOGETHER TO CREATE INCREDIBLE THINGS

    1. “Miles Davis Quote,” AZ Quotes, accessed November 30, 2018, https://www.azquotes.com/quote/636581.

    2. Mike Shinoda, email interview with Jono Bacon, October 28, 2018.

    3. Ali Velshi, email interview with Jono Bacon, November 3, 2018.

    4. Jono Bacon, “Global Learning XPRIZE,” Indiegogo, last updated April 9, 2015, https://www.indiegogo.com/projects/global-learning-xprize#/.

    5. Richard Read, “Garmin Launches Cryptic Teaser Campaign, We Unravel It, Motor Authority, August 19, 2011, https://www.motorauthority.com/news/1065202_garmin-launches-cryptic-teaser-campaign-we-unravel-it.

    6. Virgin Red (@virginred), “What’s @richardbranson burying on Necker Island? All will be revealed in just a few short days! #VMarksTheSpot,” Twitter, July 25, 2016, 4:21 a.m., https://twitter.com/VirginRed/status/746634493704929280.

    7. “Hack the World 2017,” HackerOne, accessed January 10, 2019, https://www.hackerone.com/hacktheworld/2017.

    8. Clare Mason, “Light Up the Room With These LED Earrings,” Make, May 9, 2018, https://makezine.com/projects/light-room-led-earrings/.

    9. “SpreadFirefox,” Mozilla Firefox.

8: MOBILIZE YOUR COMMUNITY ARMY

    1. John Leyden, “Like My New Wheels? All I Did Was Squash a Bug, and They Gave Me $72k,” The Register, July 11, 2018, https://www.theregister.co.uk/2018/07/11/hackerone_bug_bounty_sitrep/.

    2. “Mattermost Security Researcher Mug,” Mattermost, accessed January 11, 2019, https://forum.mattermost.org/t/mattermost-security-researcher-mug/1318.

    3. Nicole Miller, “Inside Buffer’s Community Delight Headquarters: How and Why We Send Swag and What It All Costs,” Buffer, last updated June 2, 2015, https://open.buffer.com/community-delight/.

    4. Psychestudy. (2018). Yerkes - Dodson Law - Psychestudy. [online] Available at: https://www.psychestudy.com/general/motivation-emotion/yerkes-dodson-law [Accessed 30 Nov. 2018].

    5. Gordon-Levitt, interview.

    6. Everett, N. (2018). The Story of Twitpic. [online] Medium. Available at: https://medium.com/@noaheverett/the-story-of-twitpic-3c3a81157c6c [Accessed 30 Mar. 2019].

    7. Noah Everett, email interview with Jono Bacon, October 22, 2018.

    8. Reddit.com. (2015). Could someone explain how the reddit karma system works? : firstdayontheinternet. [online] Available at: https://www.reddit.com/r/firstdayontheinternet/comments/30b44n/could_someone_explain_how_the_reddit_karma_system/ [Accessed 30 Mar. 2019].

    9. Jono Bacon, “First Ubuntu Accomplishments Release,” Jono Bacon, May 1, 2012, https://www.jonobacon.com/2012/05/01/first-ubuntu-accomplishments-release/.

9: CYBERSPACE AND MEATSPACE: BETTER TOGETHER

    1. SCOREcast, “12th Annual SCOREcast NAMM Meetup,” Facebook, January 27, 2018, https://www.facebook.com/events/326049557801853/.

    2. “Community Leadership Summit,” accessed January 11, 2019, http://www.communityleadershipsummit.com/.

    3. CasinoCoin, “Community Q&A with John Caldwell—CasinoCoin Director of Advocacy,” 27:41, YouTube video, August 15, 2018, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b9B5pNN3nu8.

    4. Jono Bacon, “Dealing with Disrespect: How to Handle Your Critics, No Matter What They Throw at You,” 44:20, YouTube video, November 1, 2014, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N5zDHqrFh-M; Jono Bacon, “10 Avoidable Career Mistakes (and How to Conquer Them),” 29:21, YouTube video, October 19, 2018, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=woEuqMxmJvw.

    5. Adobe, “Photoshop Magic Minute,” YouTube videos, updated February 26, 2019, https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLXw7EK7EUaUHcijd8lwc9VP6zC7HaGwTg.

    6. Internet Archive, “Ubuntu Developer Summit,” Ubuntu, accessed January 12, 2019, https://web.archive.org/web/20121103153904/http://uds.ubuntu.com/.

    7. Jono Bacon, “Keep On Rocking in the Free World,” 1:13, YouTube video, November 12, 2011, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dox2nQ3eabg.

10: INTEGRATE, EVOLVE, AND BUILD

    1. Whitehurst, interview.

    2. “Understanding Discourse Trust Levels,” Discourse, June 25, 2018, https://blog.discourse.org/2018/06/understanding-discourse-trust-levels/.