vii: “he savored … “ Author interview with Elaine Steinbeck, 1998
vii: “beat the pants … “ in Susan Shillinglaw and Jackson Benson (eds.), America and Americans and Selected Nonfiction (New York: Viking, 2002), p 36.
vii: “a Don-Quixote-ish … “: Elaine Steinbeck to John P. McKnight, 1958, University of Virginia, Folder 6239 V.
vii: “To the stars … “: Elaine Steinbeck letter, Center for Steinbeck Studies.
ix: “But it’s also true … “: Shillinglaw and Benson, America and Americans, p. 324.
ix: “California was, quite simply … “: 1948 Ledger, Pierpont Morgan Library.
3: “the story of this whole valley …”: Elaine Steinbeck and Robert Wallsten, Steinbeck: A Life in Letters (Life in Letters) (New York: Viking, 1975), p. 73.
3: “My wish is …”: John Steinbeck (JS), Journal of a Novel (New York: Viking, 1959), p. 61.
3: D. H. Lawrence, Studies in Classic American Literature (New York: Doubleday, 1951), pp. 4–5.
4: “On the level vegetable lands …”: JS, The Grapes of Wrath (New York: Penguin, 1992).
4: “My country is different …”: JS to Robert O. Ballou, 1933, Harry Ransom Humanities Research Center, University of Texas, Austin (University of Texas).
5: “the great word sounds …”: JS journal, April 17, 1948, Pierpont Morgan Library (Pierpont Morgan).
5: “and I think very few will follow …”: JS to Pascal Covici, July 7, 1941, University of Texas.
6: “The floor of the Salinas …”: JS, East of Eden (New York: Penguin, 1992).
6: “orange and speckled and fluted nudibranchs …”: JS, Cannery Row (New York: Penguin, 1994).
6: “Each figure is a population …”: JS, 1932, To a God Unknown notebook, Department of Special Collections, Stanford University Libraries (Stanford University).
8: “wall of background …”: Long Valley Ledger, Center for Steinbeck Studies, San Jose State University (SJSU).
8: “I don’t know who the dark watchers …”: JS to Miss Ridley, 1953, National Steinbeck Center (NSC) archives.
9: “After the valleys were settled …”: East of Eden.
10: “Behind each story, inside it …”: Joseph R. McElrath, Jr., Jesse S. Crisler, and Susan Shillinglaw, John Steinbeck: The Contemporary Reviews (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996), p. 178.
10: “You know the big pine tree … “: Life in Letters, p. 31.
10: “Adults haven’t the fine clean …”: JS to Ben Abramson, 1936, University of Texas.
10: “colors more clear than they …”: Jackson J. Benson, The True Adventures of John Steinbeck, Writer (New York, Penguin: 1984), pp. 325–26.
13: “Strange how I keep …”: JS journal, April 24, 1948, Pierpont Morgan.
13: “Portuguese and Swiss and Scandinavians”: “Always Something To Do in Salinas,” Shillinglaw and Benson, America and Americans, p. 5.
14: “the richest community … “: Shillinglaw and Benson, America and Americans, p. 5.
15: “a kind of local competition … “: Shillinglaw and Benson, America and Americans, p. 6.
15: “I can remember my mother … “: JS to Dorothy Vera, Salinas Californian, January 11, 1969.
16: “social structure of Salinas was a strange …” and “blackness …”: Shillinglaw and Benson, America and Americans, pp. 6–7.
16: “have condemned the action of Japan …”: Clifford Lewis, “John Steinbeck’s Alternative to Internment Camps: A Policy for the President, December 15, 1941,” Journal of the West, January 1995, pp. 55–61.
18: “a tough little monkey …”: “The Summer Before,” Kiyoshi Nakayama (ed.), The Uncollected Stories of John Steinbeck (Tokyo: Nan’Un-Do, 1986).
18: “He loved a sense of home …”: Terry Grant Halladay, “The Closest Witness: The Autobiographical Reminiscences of Gwendolyn Conger Steinbeck” (M.A. thesis, Stephen F. Austin State University, 1979).
18: “I think no one ever had …”: JS to Nelson Valjean, March 13, 1953, Life in Letters, p. 467.
18: “Wish I had a good farm and a sure crop …”: Mr. Steinbeck to Esther Steinbeck, January 20, 1911, Stanford University.
19: “In my struggle to be a writer …”: quoted in Benson, The True Adventures, p. 15.
19: “never knows when to quit …”: Mr. Steinbeck to Esther Steinbeck, October 27, 1910, Stanford University.
19: “Mother stated …”: JS to parents, March 1926, Stanford University.
20: “I had a cloth hat …”: JS to Esther Steinbeck, January 9, 1950, Stanford University.
21: “The novel of Salinas …”: JS to Ted Miller, September 1930, author’s collection.
21: “practice poetry”: JS journal, 1948, Pierpont Morgan.
21: “while I am talking to the boys …”: Journal of a Novel, p. 8.
23: “was a very good listener …”: Glenn Graves interviewed by Pauline Pearson, 1969, NSC archives.
24: “a perfect example, inside and out”: National Register of Historic Places proposal for historic status, NSC archives.
26: “name a bowling alley after me …”: JS to Mrs. Radcliffe, December 22, 1957, NSC archives.
26: “Your charming suggestion …”: JS to Mr. Ward, November 21, 1962, NSC archives.
26: “no town celebrates a writer …”: JS to “Editors, artists, writers of the Rodeo Edition,” July 25, 1963, NSC archives.
27: “I voted against it …”: quoted in Herb Caen, “Latest from Lettuceland,” San Francisco Chronicle, March 3, 1969.
27: “Your only weapon is your work”: Robert DeMott (ed.), Your Only Weapon is Your Work: A Letter by John Steinbeck to Dennis Murphy (San Jose: Steinbeck Research Center, 1985).
27: “set the cross…”: Winter of Our Discontent, p. 99.
28: “And do you remember …”: East of Eden.
30: “He set armed guards over … “: Shillinglaw and Benson, America and Americans, p. 11.
35: “an execrable place at best …”: Stephen Powers, A Walk from Sea to Sea (Hartford, CT: Columbian Book Co., 1872), p. 305.
36: “the howling wind came through …”: “Fingers of Cloud,” Stanford Spectator, February 1924, p. 149.
37: “The surges of the new restless …”: Shillinglaw and Benson, America and Americans, p. 320.
37: “The peak used to be …”: JS to Carl Wilhelmson, 1920s, Stanford University.
39: “found the old stage road …”: JS to Gwyn Steinbeck, February 17, 1948, Life in Letters, p. 307.
39: “Some workers testified …”: Court case documents on the short-handled hoe, NSC archives.
40: “Now if you farmers …” : Quoted in Jim Conway, “Spreckels Sugar Company: The First Fifty Years,” MA thesis, SJSU, December 1999, p. 19.
40: “the greatest of all undertakings …”: Salinas Index, April 27, 1899, quoted in Conway, p. 30.
40: “You’d soak the ground in March …”: John Vierra, quoted in Conway, p. 59.
42: “worked alongside …”: Thomas Fensch (ed.), Conversations with John Steinbeck (Jackson: University Press of Mississippi, 1988), p. 9.
42: “I have usually avoided using …”: JS to Harry Thornton Moore, March 26, 1939, University of Virginia.
42: “He saw the quail …”: JS, The Red Pony (New York: Penguin, 1994).
43: “And then the summer came …”: “The Summer Before,” Nakayama, The Uncollected Stories (New York: Penguin, 1995).
44: “The oaks had put on new leaves …”: JS, The Pastures of Heaven (New York: Penguin, 1995).
45: “The view from the ‘Pastures … “: David Ligare, Viewpoint: The Pastures of Heaven: An Exhibition in Celebration of the John Steinbeck Centenary, April 27-August 4, 2002, p. 4.
45: “It looks so large, especially …”: Author interview with David Ligare, July 2005.
47: “I would love to have the old place …”: JS to Bo Beskow, April 29,1948, Life in Letters, p. 311.
Unless noted otherwise, all letters in this chapter are held at Stanford University.
49: “What I do know …”: JS to Belle McKenzie, 1939, author’s collection.
50: “an institution for the relief …”: Quoted in David Starr Jordan, The Days of a Man: Being Memories of a Naturalist, Teacher and a Minor Prophet of Democracy, Vol. 1 and Vol. 11 (Younkers on Hudson, NY: World Book Company, 1922).
51: “have a sound practical idea …”: Ibid.
52: “something in the pioneer tradition …”: Author’s collection.
53: “You’ll never find …”: Webster Street to JS, author’s collection.
53: “Neither this person …”: JS to Ruth Carpenter Sheffield, June 1926, Life in Letters, p. 13.
54: “My tattoo stands up pretty well …”: JS to George Mors, February 25, 1964, NSC archives.
55: “One should never miss …”: Robert De Roos, “Stanford Greats: Edith Mirrielees,” Stanford Observer, October 1988, p. 19.
56: “monstrous New York …”: Shillinglaw and Benson, America and Americans, pp. 33–34.
56: “I was scared …”: Life in Letters, p. 9.
59: “as a whole, utterly …”: JS to Sheffield, Life in Letters, p. 11.
61: “How beautiful …”: Shillinglaw and Benson, America and Americans, p. 15.
61: “The Caen type of gossip column …”: JS to Mr. Downie, April 12, 1963, NSC archives.
62: “vague and optimistic …”: Carlton Sheffield, John Steinbeck: The Good Companion (Berkeley, CA: Creative Arts Book Company, 2002), pp. 160–61.
63: “John and Carol enjoyed participating …”: Sheffield, p. 159.
67: “were coming back from Palo Alto …”: Pauline Pearson interview with Toby Street, NSC archives.
68: “There was the great Feast of Lanterns …”: JS, “This Is the Monterey We Love,” Monterey Peninsula Herald, July 3, 1946, Sec. 3. p. 1.
68: “I have been planting …”: Bancroft Library, University of California at Berkeley (UCB).
69: “we found ourselves to be in the best port”: Sandy Lydon, Chinese Gold: The Chinese in the Monterey Bay Region (Capitola, CA: Capitola Book Company, 1985), pp. 17–18.
70: “minds inflamed by moving pictures …”: “John Steinbeck States His Views on Cannery Row,” Monterey Peninsula Herald, March 8, 1957, p. 1.
70: “Hard, dry Spaniards came exploring …”: East of Eden.
71: “The Monterey of last year exists …”: Robert Louis Stevenson, Across the Plains (New York; Scribner’s, 1900).
72: “native Californians of Monterey …”: Lucy Morse, “Monterey, The Old Capital of California,” Noticias del Puerto de Monterey: A Quarterly Bulletin of Historic Monterey, February 2002.
72: “good people of laughter and kindness …”: JS, foreword to Tortilla Flat, 1937 edition (New York: Penguin, 1997).
72: “a chronic thorn …” and “truly an institution …”: Earl Hofeldt, “Monterey Paisano Dies,” Monterey Peninsula Herald, November 7, 1957.
72: “Absolutely, Pilon and me …”: Dudley Towe, “Pilon and Me,” Game and Gossip, January 20, 1958. p. 14.
72: “I protest Pilon’s arrest …”: JS to Judge Baugh, 1953, California History Room, Monterey Public Library.
73: “There was always available Pilon …”: “Memoirs of Sal Colleto,” Maritime Museum of Monterey.
73: “There are so many …”: JS to Annie Laurie Williams, December 8, 1937, Life in Letters, p. 150.
74: “those in the office representing …”: Del Monte File, California Room, Monterey Public Library.
75: “These were pretty good people …”: Dennis Copeland, “Susan Gregory’s ‘Tortilla Flat’,” Noticias del Puerto de Monterey: A Quarterly Bulletin of Historic Monterey, February 2002.
75: “We had a whole lot of fun …”: Towe, p. 14.
75: “bounded by First and Third Avenue …”: Emil White (ed.), Circle of Enchantment: Big Sur, Carmel, Pebble Beach, Monterey, Pacific Grove (Pacific Grove: Emil White 1964).
76: “we will startle …”: Ray A. March, “Dali Throws the Party of the Century,” Buying the Best: The Magazine for People Who Love The Monterey Peninsula, pp. 66–68.
76: “Dali Baffles Best People,” Monterey Peninsula Herald, September 3, 1941.
78: “splendid gallops …”: Teddy Roosevelt, 1903, Del Monte File, California Room, Monterey Public Library.
79: “might have grown …”: Mary Austin, Pebble Beach archives.
81: “There was a great fire last night …” JS to Carl Wilhelmson, Life in Letters, pp. 30–31.
83: “I expect to give myself …”: JS to Kate Beswick, early 1930, Stanford University.
84: “I must have at least one book …”: JS to Ted Miller, Life in Letters, p. 25.
84: “Such a nice little place …”: JS journal, February 10, 1948, Pierpont Morgan.
84: “Sometimes I catch eels …”: JS to Kate Beswick, early 1930, Stanford University.
85: “I Don’t Like Mr. Hearst …”: Carol Steinbeck, “A Slim Volume to End Slim Volumes,” Center for Steinbeck Studies, SJSU.
85: “ Nothing mattered but John …”: Helen Worden, “Mrs. John Steinbeck Fights for Her Man,” San Francisco News, August 12, 1941.
86: “almost an unconscious state …”: JS journal, 1948, Pierpont Morgan.
86: “when there is no writing …” “foetus …” “my own children …” “satisfaction …”: Life in Letters, pp. 25, 35, 48, 119.
87: “I think flowers …”: JS to Pascal Covici, September 1948, Life in Letters, pp. 333–34.
87: “It is a gloomy day …”: JS to Carl Wilhelmson, Life in Letters, p. 30.
87: “The little Pacific… “: UCB.
88: “We went to PG …”: JS to Pat Covici, January 1943, University of Texas.
88: “Must have anonymity …”: JS to Elizabeth Otis and Annie Laurie Williams, March 19, 1937, Life in Letters, p. 138.
89: “and planted me …”: Almira Steinbeck to Esther Steinbeck, April 10, 1905, Stanford University.
89: “very wild and full of weeds …”: JS to Kate Beswick, February 1929, Stanford University.
89: “My garden is so lovely …”: JS to Ted Miller, 1931, Life in Letters, p. 45.
89: “Pacific Grove and Monterey … “: JS, Sweet Thursday (New York: Penguin, 1996).
90: “It took …”: Mary Austin, Carmel Cymbal, September 8, 1926, p. 11.
90: “Belgian shepherd puppy …”: All references to dogs are from Life in Letters.
91: “It wasn’t all fun …”: “A Primer on the Thirties,” Shillinglaw and Benson, America and Americans, pp. 22–23.
91: “John went completely …”: Author interview with Marjorie Lloyd, March 1990.
91: “Minor tragedy stalked …”: JS to Elizabeth Otis, May 27, 1936, Life in Letters, p. 124.
92: “Abbott nabs brewery …” and all other quotes in this paragraph: Pacific Grove Tribune, 1931-32, Pacific Grove Public library.
93: “the one who feels …”: Benson, The True Adventures, p. 477.
94: “mysterious marvel …”: Monterey Peninsula Herald, June 17, 1932, p. 6.
94: “No, I’m afraid it wasn’t your man …”: JS to John S. Coats, Monterey Peninsula Herald, February 22, 1964.
95: “Why don’t those men …”: Julia Platt, quoted in Pacific Grove Tribune, 1932.
97: “Today I have been thinking ….” JS to parents, fall 1927, Stanford University.
98: “It was wartime …”: Author interview with Red Williams, August 18, 1993.
99: “Among themselves, when … “ Ricketts, Between Pacific Tides.
100: “little trailing glasses …”: Sweet Thursday.
102: “They go out at night and burn fagots …”: C. B. Wilson, “Hopkins Marine Laboratory: Interesting California Institution” (Hopkins scrapbook 1), p. 10.
102: “The wind is ashore tonight …”: Life in Letters, p. 337. 102: “amazing people …”: Author’s collection.
103: “I remember it well …”: “John Steinbeck States His View on Cannery Row,” Monterey Peninsula Herald, March 8, 1957, p. 1.
104: “visited Dohrn’s Marine Station …”: David Starr Jordan to O. L. Elliott, August 13, 1923 (Hopkins scrapbook 1), p. 5.
104: “It proves a perfect paradise …”: Oliver Peebles Jenkins, “Hopkins Seaside Laboratory,” (Hopkins scrapbook 1), p. 58.
104: “It is within the scope …” and “bears a very”: W. K. Fisher, “Hopkins Marine Station,” Stanford Review, 1919.
104: “little known research project”: “Scientists at Hopkins Laboratory also prying into Sardines Affairs,” Monterey Peninsula Herald, February 28, 1941.
105: “largely for scientific purposes …”: Donation letter, Ricketts folder, Miller Library.
105: “Quite aside from the aquarium …”: Memo to Mr. Walker from Lawrence Blinks, February 23, 1945, Ricketts folder, Miller Library.
107: “Everyone found himself …”: JS, “About Ed Ricketts,” preface to Log from the Sea of Cortez, 1951 edition (New York: Penguin, 1995).
108: “mutual interdependence …”: W. C. Allee, Animal Aggregations: A Study in General Sociology (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1931) and Cooperation Among Animals: With Human Implications (New York: Henry Schuman, 1938).
108: “decided that it would be best …”: “Recollections,” Anna Maker Ricketts, Martha Heasley Cox Center for Steinbeck Studies.
109: “had more fun …”: “About Ed Ricketts.”
110: “a primitive biological …”: Ed Ricketts to Joseph Campbell, April 11, 1947, Stanford University.
110: “a predictable rhythm in the changes …”: “Marine Station Studies May Aid Local Canneries,” Monterey Peninsula Herald, July 15, 1937.
111: “I am a water fiend”: JS journal, April 17, 1948, Pierpont Morgan.
111: “a spiritual streak”: Author interview with Elaine Steinbeck, November 6, 1998.
111: “I don’t like Yosemite at all …”: JS to Elizabeth Baily, May 1935, NSC archives.
111: “went up and down the escalator at a major …”: Benson, The True Adventures.
111: “I consider the last of …”: JS to Harry Guggenheim, April 26, 1966, Harmon collection, SJSU.
111: “Modern sanity and religion …”: JS to Carl Wilhelmson, Life in Letters, p. 31.
112: “Always prone …”: JS to Carl Wilhelmsen, August 8, 1933, Life in Letters, p. 88.
112: “the true things …”: Ed Ricketts, “2 p ms.,” Stanford University.
112: “not only the ‘beauty’ of ugliness …”: Ed Ricketts, “Non-Teleological Thinking,” Stanford University.
112: “There were great …”: “About Ed Ricketts.”
113: “People who are concerned …”: Ricketts’s diary, December 22, 1942, Stanford University.
113: “I went over there …”: Rolf Bolin, author’s collection.
113: “Some kind of release of the spirit …”: 1948 notebook, Pierpont Morgan.
113: “Wouldn’t it be interesting …”: JS to Ritch and Tal Lovejoy, Life in Letters, p. 316.
114: “our year of crazy beginnings”: Joseph Campbell to Ed Ricketts, September 14, 1939, Stanford University.
114: “Since my last letter …” and “synthesis of Spengler …”: Joseph Campbell to Ed Ricketts, August 22, 1939, Stanford University.
114: “Extra-humanists, the breaking-thru gang”: Ed Ricketts, “My Literary Classification,” Stanford University.
114: “You and your life-way …”: Joseph Campbell to Ed Ricketts, September 14, 1939, Stanford University.
117: “that’s how we became interested in the bust …”: Author interview with Carol Brown, August 16, 1992.
118: “sad story of the Lone Star …”: Ed Ricketts to Sparky Enea, September 16, 1942, Stanford University.
119: “Your suggestion …”: JS to Mr. Adair, May 8, 1959, NSC archives.
119: “niche concept”: Edward F. Ricketts, “Zoological introduction to ‘The Outer Shores,’” in Katherine Rodger, Breaking Through: Essays, Journals, and Travelogues of Edward F. Ricketts (Berkeley: University of California Press, 2006).
121: “magnificent story about Monterey …”: JS to Annie Laurie Williams, September 11, 1938, Columbia University.
121: “people [are] so wise naturally …”: “The God in the Pipes” manuscript, published in The Steinbeck Newsletter (Fall 1995), pp. 4–9.
122: “A number of these buildings …”: “John Steinbeck States His View on Cannery Row,” Monterey Peninsula Herald, March 8, 1957, p. 1.
123: “We could have made …”: Peggy Rink, “Pilgrimage to Wing Chong’s,” Game and Gossip, May 9, 1953, p. 32.
124: “We bought a house …”: JS to Pat Covici, University of Texas.
125: “Where the new …”: Cannery Row.
126: “Cannery Row is Monterey’s”: Ritch Lovejoy, Monterey Peninsula Herald, January 3, 1945, p. 9.
127: “as though on little wheels”: Cannery Row.
130: “The settlement has been built …”: Harold Gilliam and Ann Gilliam, Creating Carmel: The Enduring Vision (Salt Lake City: Peregrine Smith, 1992), p. 77.
130: “thousands of standardized towns …”: Carmel Pine Cone, November 14, 1930.
131: “The Carnival time …”: Robinson Jeffers, “To George Sterling,” San Francisco Review, 1926.
132: “Others who had come …”: Franklin Walker, The Seacoast of Bohemia: An Account of Early Carmel (Santa Barbara: Peregrine Smith, 1973).
132: “there are several volumes …”: “Carey McWilliams Tells About Carmel Writers,” Carmel Pine Cone, June 16, 1931.
132: “H. Pease, and his shopkeeper’s attitude …”: JS to A. Grove Day, November 5, 1929, author’s collection.
132: “We have literary acquaintances …”: JS to George Albee, 1931, author’s collection.
132: “We went to a party at John Calvin’s …”: JS to Carl Wilhelmson, 1930, Life in Letters, p. 30.
134: “It is the only paper of …”: JS to parents, April 19, 1927, Stanford University.
135: “At last …”: Stephen Larsen and Robin Larsen, A Fire in the Mind: The Life of Joseph Campbell (New York: Doubleday, 1991).
135: “Miss hearing the music …”: JS to Mary Bulkley, August 17, 1936, Center for Steinbeck Studies, SJSU.
135: “To Miss Mary Bulkley …”: Inscription to Mary Bulkley, Center for Steinbeck Studies, SJSU.
136: “the most powerful …”: New York Herald Tribune, 1928 as quoted in “Whatever Happened to Robinson Jeffers?” by David Rains Wallace, Los Angeles Times, October 29, 2000, p. 1.
136: “Really, I’ve got the message …”: Larsen and Larsen, A Fire in the Mind, pp. 179–80.
136: “The whole book …”: Author’s collection.
136: “modern soul movements …”: Ed Ricketts, “The Philosophy of Breaking Through,” in Joel Hedgpeth, The Outer Shores (Eureka, CA: Mad River Press, 1978), p. 72.
136: “People have always taken themselves …” Toni Jackson, “The Hawk and the Rock,” What’s Doing, April 1947, p. 15.
136: “He wanted to do it …” and “I think he realized …”: Author interview with Gordon Newell, 1989.
137: “Cabins still stand there …”: Beth Ingels, Carmel Pine Cone, August 29, 1930.
137: “a parody …”: Beth Ingels’s notebook, author’s collection.
138: “The only advantage I can see …”: JS to Ted Miller, UCB.
138: “qualities foreign to the actual …”: Naomi Rosenblum, “f. 64 and Modernism,” in Terese Heyman (ed.), Seeing Straight (Oakland, CA: The Oakland Museum, 1992), pp. 48–49.
139: “In the 1930s if you weren’t …”: Author interview with Caroline Decker, 1989.
139: “A lot of social things …”: Author interview with Richard Criley, June 20, 1990.
139: “I am not a Communist …”: Martin Flavin Jr., “Conversations with Lincoln Steffens,” Harvard Advocate, June 1938.
139: “stunning, straight, correct …”: Author’s collection.
139: “made people believe not in …”: Justin Kaplan, Lincoln Steffens: A Biography (New York: Simon and Schuster, 1974), p. 327.
142: “A few times I have …”: JS, 1947, Wayward Bus Journal, Pierpont Morgan.
142: “intent of the book …”: JS to Annie Laurie Williams, April 1936, Columbia University.
142: “I haven’t gone proletarian …”: JS to Harry Thornton Moore, March 1936, University of Virginia.
143: “nonpartisan” and “Your card alarms me …”: John D. Barry, “Ways of The World … With Letters from John Steinbeck That Reflect Labor’s Point of View,” San Francisco News, July 13, 1938, p. 14.
144: “For too long the language …”: JS to Elizabeth Baily, no date, NSC archives.
145: “It seemed to me an irony …”: JS to Tom Collins, no date, Benson collection.
146: “by driving willow branches …”: Shillinglaw and Benson, America and Americans, p. 80.
146: “I’ve seen such terrific things …”: JS to Elizabeth Otis, fall 1936, Columbia University.
147: “the Proletariat …”: JS to Harry Thornton Moore, March 1936, University of Virginia.
148: “There are riots in Salinas …”: JS to George Albee, Life in Letters, p. 132.
148: “They used to get the 300-pound blocks …”: J. J. Crosetti interview, “Pajaro Valley Agriculture, 1927-1977,” http://library.ucsc.edu/reg-hist/crosetti.html.
149: “battle of Salinas …”: Helen Boyden Lamb, “Industrial Relations in the Western Lettuce Industry,” (Ph.D. dissertation, Radcliffe College, 1942).
149: “For a full fortnight …”: Kevin Starr, Endangered Dreams: The Great Depression in California (New York: Oxford University Press, 1996), pp. 187–88.
149: “Now what happened …”: Shillinglaw and Benson, America and Americans, p. 11.
149: “a vicious book …”: JS to Annie Laurie Williams, April 20, 1938, Columbia University.
149: “four pound book …”: Annie Laurie Williams to JS, January 9, 1937, Columbia University.
149: “Yes, I’ve been writing …”: JS to Elizabeth Otis, March 23, 1938, Stanford University.
150: “I’ve worked out a plan …”: JS to Tom Collins, no date, Benson collection.
152: “with a very pretty, Irish …”: Jackson J. Benson interview with Sandy Oliver, Stanford University.
154: “The new house is fine …”: JS to agents, fall 1936, Columbia University.
154: “a little tiny room …”: JS to Elizabeth Otis, 1936, Stanford University.
155: “the most beautiful place …”: Robert DeMott (ed.), Working Days: The Journals of The Grapes of Wrath (New York: Viking, 1989), p. 51.
155: “an estate … forty-seven acres …”: Benson, The True Adventures, p. 459.
155: “Californians are wrathy …”: Frank Taylor, “California’s Grapes of Wrath,” Forum, November 19, 1939, pp. 232–38.
155: “It’s a beautiful morning …”: JS to Elizabeth Otis, October 1939, Life in Letters, p. 189.
157: “Although the Associated Farmers …”: “Wrath, but No Ban,” NSC archives.
157: “banned from all libraries …”: “Grapes of Wrath Under Library’s Ban at San Jose, “ San Jose Mercury News, June 29, 1939.
157: “A lie, a damned infernal lie …”: Lyle Boren, Congressional Record, January 10, 1940, pp. 139–40.
157: “Steinbeck became interested …”: Barbara Marinacci, “Friendship with a California Winegrower: John Steinbeck and Martin Rey,” John Steinbeck’s Americas (forthcoming).
158: “He was dressed … “: Fensch, Conversations, pp. 11–12.
161: “There’s an illogic there …”: JS to Ritch and Tal Lovejoy, May 27, 1948, Bancroft Library, University of California, Berkeley.
163: “and from there I shall….”: JS to Elizabeth Otis, October 2, 1932, Stanford University.
163: “Mexicans and Yuakis …”: JS to Mavis McIntosh, Life in Letters, p. 67.
164: “It is impossible for me to …”: JS to Elizabeth Otis, October 12, 1935, Stanford University.
165: “John liked to be around …”: Pauline Pearson interview with Frank Raineri, February 14, 1980, NSC archives.
165: “Steinbeck would buy a slide …”: Jayne Ellison, “Dog Thieves Mourn Steinbeck,” Dayton Daily News, December 22, 1968.
165: “considerate as only …”: Sea of Cortez.
166: “the most difficult work …”: Quoted in Louis Gannett, “John Steinbeck: Novelist at Work,” Atlantic Monthly (in ital), December 1945, p. 60.
172: “more here…”: Lewis Gannett, New York Herald Tribune.
172: “there are four…”: Life in Letters, p. 232.
172: “We collected…” JS Log from the Sea of Cortez.
174: “New York is the only city …”: “Making of a New Yorker,” in Shillinglaw and Benson, America and Americans, p. 32.
177: “You must know that the …”: JS, “Letters to Alicia,” The Acts of King Arthur and His Noble Knights: From the Winchester Manuscripts of Thomas Malory & Other Sources (New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 1993).
177: “No I am not becoming …”: JS to Katherine Beswick, circa 1930, Stanford University.
178: “related to Spanish people …”: Pauline Pearson interview with Frank Raineri.
180: “taking Charley …”: Author interview with Elaine Steinbeck, November 6, 1998.