1. Joel B. Green, Seized by Truth: Reading the Bible as Scripture (Nashville: Abingdon, 2007), 56.
2. Adapted from Markus Bockmuehl, Seeing the Word: Refocusing New Testament Study, Studies in Theological Interpretation (Grand Rapids: Baker Academic, 2006), 68–74.
3. This metaphor of front-wheel drive versus rear-wheel drive comes from Neil B. MacDonald, Metaphysics and the God of Israel: Systematic Theology of the Old and New Testaments (Grand Rapids: Baker Academic, 2006).
4. Erich Auerbach, Mimesis: The Representation of Reality in Western Literature, trans. Willard R. Trask (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1953), 12.
Chapter 2 The New Testament as a Book
1. For more information, see Edmon L. Gallagher and John D. Meade, The Biblical Canon Lists from Early Christianity: Texts and Analysis (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2017).
Chapter 3 The World around the New Testament
1. Adapted from Luke Timothy Johnson, The Writings of the New Testament: An Interpretation, 3rd ed. (Minneapolis: Fortress, 2010); quotation from Luke Timothy Johnson, “Imagining the World Scripture Imagines,” Modern Theology 14, no. 2 (April 1998): 165.
2. David Wenham and Steve Walton, Exploring the New Testament: A Guide to the Gospels and Acts (Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity, 2001), 25–36.
3. David A. deSilva, “Honor and Shame,” in Dictionary of New Testament Background, ed. Craig A. Evans and Stanley E. Porter (Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity, 2000), 518.
Chapter 4 Jesus’s Life and Teaching
1. John Calvin, Commentary on a Harmony of the Gospels, vol. 3, trans. William Pringle, on Matthew 26:37, https://ccel.org/ccel/calvin/calcom33/calcom33.i.html.
2. For further study, see Joan E. Taylor, What Did Jesus Look Like? (London: Bloomsbury T&T Clark, 2018).
Chapter 5 The Fourfold Gospel Book
1. Richard A. Burridge, What Are the Gospels? A Comparison with Graeco-Roman Biography, 25th anniversary ed. (Waco: Baylor University Press, 2018).
2. For more reading along these lines see Jonathan T. Pennington, Reading the Gospels Wisely: A Narrative and Theological Introduction (Grand Rapids: Baker Academic, 2012); N. T. Wright, How God Became King: The Forgotten Story of the Gospels (New York: HarperOne, 2016).
3. Augustine, Harmony of the Gospels 2.4.
4. See John Navone, Seeking God in Story (Collegeville, MN: Liturgical Press, 1990), chap. 3.
5. Frederick Dale Bruner, Matthew: A Commentary, rev. ed. (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2004), 1:xxix–xxx
6. Francis Watson, The Fourfold Gospel: A Theological Reading of the New Testament Portraits of Jesus (Grand Rapids: Baker Academic, 2016).
7. Mark L. Strauss, Introducing Jesus: A Short Guide to the Gospels’ History and Message (Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 2018), 9.
8. Justin Martyr, Apology 1.67.
9. The whole translation can be found in Scott McGill, Juvencus’ Four Books of the Gospels: Evangeliorum libri quattuor (London: Routledge, 2016).
10. Origen, Contra Celsus [sic], Documenta Catholica Omnia, http://www.documenta-catholica.eu/d_0185-0254-%20Origene%20-%20Contra%20Celsus%20-%20EN.pdf.
11. For more information, see Watson, The Fourfold Gospel, chap. 5; Matthew R. Crawford, The Eusebian Canon Tables: Ordering Textual Knowledge in Late Antiquity (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2019).
Chapter 6 The Gospel according to Matthew
1. R. T. France, Matthew: Evangelist and Teacher (Exeter, UK: Paternoster, 1989), 20.
Chapter 7 The Gospel according to Mark
1. These examples can be found collected in Thomas C. Oden and Christopher A. Hall, eds., Mark, Ancient Christian Commentary on Scripture (Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity, 1998), 157.
Chapter 8 The Gospel according to Luke
1. Ben Myers, The Apostles’ Creed: A Guide to the Ancient Catechism (Bellingham, WA: Lexham, 2018), 33.
2. For more on the idea of physiognomy and how it functions in Luke and Acts, see Mikeal Parsons, Body and Character in Luke and Acts: The Subversion of Physiognomy in Early Christianity (Waco: Baylor University Press, 2011).
Chapter 9 The Gospel according to John
1. A recent translation of this commentary is available in two volumes, Cyril of Alexandria, Commentary on John, trans. David Maxwell, ed. Joel C. Elowsky, Ancient Christian Texts (Downers Grove, IL: IVP Academic, 2013–15).
2. See Cyril of Alexandria, Commentary on John, 1:165.
3. Ben Myers, The Apostles’ Creed: A Guide to the Ancient Catechism (Bellingham, WA: Lexham, 2018), 103–6.
4. Jerome, Commentary on Galatians, trans. Andrew Cain, Fathers of the Church 121 (Washington, DC: Catholic University of America Press, 2010), on Gal. 6:10.
Chapter 10 The Acts of the Apostles
1. Heidi J. Hornick and Mikeal C. Parsons, The Acts of the Apostles through the Centuries (Chichester, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2017), 2–11.
Chapter 11 The Apostle Paul’s Life and Teaching
1. Translation is from Michael W. Holmes, ed. and trans., The Apostolic Fathers: Greek Texts and English Translations, 3rd ed. (Grand Rapids: Baker Academic, 2007).
Chapter 12 The Letter to the Romans
1. Based on Ambrosiaster, Commentaries on Romans and 1–2 Corinthians, trans. and ed. Gerald L. Bray, Ancient Christian Texts (Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity, 2009), 1.
2. These observations come from the introduction in William of St. Thierry, Exposition on the Epistle to the Romans, ed. John D. Anderson, trans. John Baptist Hasbrouck, Cistercian Fathers (Kalamazoo, MI: Cistercian Publications, 1980).
3. The Journals of John Wesley, May 24, 1738, Christian Classics Ethereal Library, https://www.ccel.org/ccel/wesley/journal.vi.ii.xvi.html.
Chapter 13 The First Letter to the Corinthians
1. Quoted in Ambrosiaster, Commentaries on Romans and 1–2 Corinthians, trans. and ed. Gerald L. Bray, Ancient Christian Texts (Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity, 2009), 119–20.
2. Ambrosiaster, Commentaries on Romans and 1–2 Corinthians, 182.
3. These insights come from Chris L. de Wet, “John Chrysostom’s Exegesis on the Resurrection in 1 Corinthians 15,” Neotestamentica 45, no. 1 (2011): 92–114.
Chapter 14 The Second Letter to the Corinthians
1. Quoted in Gerald Bray, ed., 1–2 Corinthians, Ancient Christian Commentary on Scripture (Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity, 1999), 197–98.
2. These notes come from Jacob Cherian, “2 Corinthians,” in South Asia Bible Commentary, ed. Brian C. Wintle (Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 2015), 1585–614.
Chapter 15 The Letter to the Galatians
1. This paragraph is dependent on the work of Stephen J. Chester, Reading Paul with the Reformers: Reconciling Old and New Perspectives (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2017), 13–20.
2. This paragraph is largely influenced by two essays: David A. deSilva, “Neither Tamil nor Sinhalese: Reading Galatians with Sri Lankan Christians,” and Nijay Gupta, “Response: What Does Sri Lanka Have to Do with Galatia? The Hermeneutical Challenges, Benefits, and Potential of Global Readings of Scripture,” in Global Voices: Reading the Bible in the Majority World, ed. Craig S. Keener and M. Daniel Carrol R. (Peabody, MA: Hendrickson, 2013), 39–55, 57–63, respectively.
3. See Richard Bauckham, God Crucified: Monotheism and Christology in the New Testament (Carlisle, UK: Paternoster, 1998).
4. See Larry Hurtado, Lord Jesus Christ: Devotion to Jesus in Earliest Christianity (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2003).
5. See Chris Tilling, Paul’s Divine Christology (Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2012).
Chapter 16 The Letter to the Ephesians
1. These reflections come from Claire M. Powell, “Ephesians,” in The IVP Women’s Bible Commentary, ed. Catherine Clark Kroeger and Mary J. Evans (Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity, 2002), 694–706.
Chapter 17 The Letter to the Philippians
1. These thoughts come from Markus Bockmuehl, “A Commentator’s Approach to the ‘Effective History’ of Philippians,” Journal for the Study of the New Testament 60 (1995): 57–88.
Chapter 19 The First Letter to the Thessalonians
1. From Luther’s treatise On the Jews and Their Lies (1543), as discussed in Anthony Thiselton, 1 & 2 Thessalonians through the Centuries (Chichester, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2011), 72.
2. Quotations from and references to Calvin, Henry, Augustine, and Aquinas are from Thiselton, 1 & 2 Thessalonians through the Centuries, 5.
Chapter 20 The Second Letter to the Thessalonians
1. Homily 8.539. Quotations from Chrysostom are from Anthony Thiselton, 1 & 2 Thessalonians through the Centuries (Chichester, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2011), 4.
2. Irenaeus, Against Heresies 4.28.1–2; Tertullian, Against Marcion 5.16. References to Irenaeus and Tertullian are from Thiselton, 1 & 2 Thessalonians through the Centuries, 4, 193.
Chapter 21 The Pastoral Epistles: 1–2 Timothy and Titus
1. Quotations from Wesley and Cheever are from Jay Twomey, The Pastoral Epistles through the Centuries (Chichester, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2009), 25.
Chapter 22 The Letter to Philemon
1. David A. deSilva, An Introduction to the New Testament: Contexts, Methods, and Ministry Formation (Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity, 2004), 141–42.
Chapter 23 The Letter to the Hebrews
1. This analysis is informed by Douglas Sweeney, Edwards the Exegete: Biblical Interpretation and Anglo-Protestant Culture on the Edge of the Enlightenment (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2015).
2. These comments come from the introductory essays in John H. Augustine, ed., A Commentary on Hebrews 11 (1609 Edition) by William Perkins (New York: Pilgrim, 1991).
Chapter 24 The Letter of James