Table of Contents

1. Title page
2. Copyright page
3. Acknowledgments
4. Introduction: Celebrity and Modernity
   1. Notes
5. 1: Voltaire in Paris
   1. “The Most Famous Man in Europe”
   2. Voltaire and Janot
   3. Notes
6. 2: Society of the Spectacle
   1. The Birth of Stars: The Economics of Celebrity
   2. Scandal at the Opera
   3. “Something Idolatrous”
   4. A European Celebrity
   5. The Invention of the Fan(atic)
   6. Notes
7. 3: A First Media Revolution
   1. The Visual Culture of Celebrity
   2. Public Figurines
   3. Idols and Puppets
   4. “Heroes of the Hour”
   5. Private Lives, Public Figures
   6. Notes
8. 4: From Glory to Celebrity
   1. Trumpeting Fame
   2. Conceptualizing Celebrity
   3. Celebrity
   4. “Chastisement for Merit”
   5. Notes
9. 5: Loneliness of the Celebrity
   1. “The Celebrity of Misfortune”
   2. Ami Jean-Jacques
   3. Eccentricity, Exemplarity, Celebrity
   4. The Burden of Celebrity
   5. Rousseau Judge of Jean-Jacques
   6. The Disfiguration
   7. Notes
10. 6: The Power of Celebrity
    1. A Fashion Victim?
    2. Revolutionary Popularity
    3. The President is a Great Man
    4. Sunset Island
    5. Notes
11. 7: Romanticism and Celebrity
    1. Byromania
    2. Prestige and Obligations
    3. Women Seduced and Public Women
    4. Virtuosos
    5. Celebrity in America
    6. Democratic Popularity and Popular Sovereignty
    7. “Celebrities of the Hour”
    8. Toward a New Age of Celebrity
    9. Notes
12. Conclusion
    1. Notes
13. Postface
    1. Notes
14. Illustration Credits
15. Index
16. Color Plates
17. End User License Agreement

List of Illustrations

1. Graph 1:  Use of the term “celebrity” in French publications.
2. Graph 2:  Use of the term “celebrity” in English publications.
3. Figure 1:  Jean Huber, Le lever de Voltaire, oil on canvas, 1772. The many engraved copies of this painting and the enthusiasm of the public irritated the Ferney patriarch.
4. Figure 2:  George Romney, Emma Hamilton as Circe, 1782, one of the numerous paintings of Emma Hamilton, whose face was among the most celebrated of her time.
5. Figure 3:  James Gillray, Dido in Despair, engraving, 1802, turns the celebrity of Emma Hamilton into caricature.
6. Figure 4:  Joseph Siffred Duplessis, Portrait of Benjamin Franklin, 1783. An often reproduced semi-official portrait that became the one fixed in the public mind.
7. Figure 5:  Jean-Baptiste Houdon, Bust of Benjamin Franklin, 1778. There were many plaster copies made of this sculpture.
8. Figure 6:  Pierre Adrien Le Beau, Benjamin Franklin, engraving, 1777. A cheap engraving, sold by Esnault and Rapilly.
9. Figure 7:  Jean-Baptiste Nini, a medal in terracotta representing Franklin, 1777. Numerous variations of this medal exist.
10. Figure 8:  A candy box, with a miniature by François Dumont, 1779.
11. Figure 9:  A porcelain cup by Sèvres which testifies to the celebrity of Franklin in the 1780s.
12. Figure 10:  One of the first ceramic medals of Franklin created by Josiah Wedgwood around 1774.
13. Figure 11:  A ceramic bowl ornamented with a portrait of Franklin, copying an engraving by Cochin. On the other side is a portrait of Washington.
14. Figure 12:  Thomas Gainsborough, David Garrick, 1770, one of the numerous portraits of the greatest English star of the eighteenth century, who knew how to manage his public image.
15. Figure 13:  Gilbert Stuart, George Washington, 1796, the great official portrait of the first president, austere and distant.
16. Figure 14:  After Élisabeth Vigée-Lebrun, Marie-Antoinette, 1783, an English-style portrait considered too informal, created a scandal when it was exhibited in the Academy salon.
17. Figure 15:  Allan Ramsay, Jean-Jacques Rousseau – Vitam impendere vero. From an original Picture by Mr. Ramsay, in the Possession of David Hume, engraving, 1766.
18. Figure 16: Auction sale of tickets for Jenny Lind performances in America, engraving, 1850.

Guide

1. Cover
2. Table of Contents
3. Start Reading
4. CHAPTER 1
5. Index