Note: Page numbers followed by b, f, and t refer to text boxes, figures and tables, respectively.
A1C test, 288
Abandonment, fear of, 316
Abdominal and back exercises, 108–111
Abdominal strength self-test, 123
Acarbose (medication), 300t
Acceptance (stage of grief), 317
Accepting and asking for help, 147–149, 308, 314–316
Accolate (medication), 246t
Accommodations in the home, 28–29, 283
ACE (angiotensin-converting enzyme) inhibitors, 267t, 299, 303
Acetabutol (medication), 267t
Acetaminophen (medication), 218, 276–277
Acetylcysteine (medication), 246t
“Achilles stretch” exercise, 115–116
Actifed (medication), 63
Action plans
basics of, 23b
creating and carrying out, 21–23
for depression, 54–55
for healthy eating, 195
in PART strategy, 155
for weight management, 206, 208, 214
worksheet, 26
Activities of daily living (ADLs), 308–310
Actos (medication), 301t
Acute vs. chronic disease, 2–3, 3t
Adalat (medication), 266t
Adalimumab (medication), 279
Adult day care centers, 309
Adult protective services, 316
Advair (medication), 244t
Advanced directives, 318, 320–324
Adverse reactions to medication, 221, 223, 279, 302
Advertising of medications, 217–218, 222, 227, 231
Aerobic activity. See Exercise, aerobic
AeroBid (medication), 245t
Affirmations, positive, 85
Affordability issues
in-home and residential care, 308, 310–314
legal assistance expenses, 309
in treatment decision making, 155, 233
Agents (durable power of attorney), 321–322, 325–326. See also Durable power of attorney
Aging
Area Agencies on Aging, 20, 29, 311, 314, 324
osteoporosis and, 281
urinary incontinence and, 64
Air pollution, 239
Air sacs (lungs), 238
Albuterol (medication), 244t, 251b
carbohydrates and calories, 191–192
depression and, 53
diabetes and, 304
heart disease and, 264
osteoporosis and, 283
sleep problems and, 48
as a stressor, 61
symptoms exacerbated by, 228b
Alcoholics Anonymous, 53
Aleve (medication), 276–277
Allergens and lung disease, 239–240
Allergies to medications, 221
Allopurinol (medication), 279
Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors (medication), 300t
Alternative medications, 224
Alternatives, consideration of, 20. See also Decision making
Alupent (medication), 244t
Alveoli (lungs), 238
Alzheimer’s disease, 62, 252, 323
American Diabetes Association, 167, 186
American Heart Association, 166
Aminophylline (medication), 244t
Amiodarone (medication), 267t
Amlodipine (medication), 266t
Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), 267t, 299, 303
Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, 267t, 299, 303
Ankle strength and flexibility, 116–117, 120, 123, 131
Antiarryhthmic medications, 267t
Antibiotic medications, 246
Anticholinergic medications, 244t
Anticoagulant medications, 266t
Antidepressant medications, 52–53, 55, 222, 275, 281
Antihistamine medications, 63
Anti-inflammatory medications, 245–246t, 246
Anxiety and pain, 40
Apologies, 147
Appetite issues, 52, 197–198, 214. See also Healthy eating; Weight management
Appointments with health care providers
asking questions at, 154–155
delays in scheduling, 157–158
preparation for, 153–154
time in the waiting room, 159
time spent with doctor, 153, 159
Aquacize (exercise), 132–134
Arava (medication), 278
ARBs (angiotensin receptor blockers), 267t, 299, 303
Area Agencies on Aging, 20, 29, 311, 314, 324
Aristocort (medication), 246t
Aristotle, 56
Arm cranks (exercise equipment), 135–136
Arm exercises and shortness of breath, 131, 134, 136, 137
Arm flexibility self-test, 122
Arthritis, 273–281
differing responses to, 6–7
loss of function from, 5
management of, 280–281
overview, 273–274
prognosis for people with, 275–276
symptoms, 274–275
treatment of, 276–280
Arthritis Foundation, 28, 57, 133
Artificial sweeteners, 192
Asking for and accepting help, 147–149, 308, 314–316
Asking questions (PART strategy), 154–155
Aspirin (medication)
for arthritis, 276–277
for heart attack or stroke, 259
Assisted living, 309
Assistive devices. See Canes, walking sticks and walkers
Asthma. See also Lung disease
mechanical ventilation and, 323
medications and, 243, 244–246t, 246–249, 267
overview, 236–237
self-management of, 8, 241–243, 242–243b
strategies for breathing better, 249–250
visualization and, 79
Atenolol (medication), 267t
Atherosclerosis, 255, 256, 257, 263, 265
Atorvastatin (medication), 266t
Atrovent (medication), 244t
Attention refocusing. See Distraction
Attorneys, 309–310. See also Power of attorney
Autoimmune diseases, 274, 278, 287
Avandia (medication), 301t
Azathioprine (medication), 278
Azmacort (medication), 245t
Azulfidine (medication), 278
Back and abdominal exercises, 108–111
“Back kick” exercise, 113
“Back lift” exercise, 109
Bad moods, 50–51. See also Depression
Bad vs. good fats, 178–179, 178b, 185
Balance
alcohol and, 228
aquacize and, 134
exercises for, 113, 114, 115–116, 117–121
narcotics and, 43
self-test, 124
stroke and, 134, 259b, 260, 269
Balloon angioplasty, 265
Bargaining (stage of grief), 317
“Base of support” exercise, 119
Bathing
assistance with, 308, 310–311, 312–313
dry skin and itchiness and, 63
for relaxation, 71
Bathroom issues. See Urine and urination
Bathroom modifications, 283
Beclomethasone (medication), 245t
Beds and sleep problems, 47
“Beginning balance” exercise, 118
Ben Gay, 63
Benadryl (medication), 63
Benuryl (medication), 279
Benzocaine (medication), 63
Beta-2 agonists (medication), 244t
Beta-blockers (medication), 127, 240, 267t
Beta-carotene, 172
Bextra (medication), 278
Bicycling, stationary, 134–135, 135t, 269
Biguanides (medication), 300t
Bisphosphonates (medication), 282
Bladder control issues, 64–65, 166
Blood glucose. See also Diabetes
in digestion process, 192, 285–286
eating regularly and, 173
effects of illness upon, 297–298
management through diet, 192–194
monitoring and control, 289–293, 294–295t, 302
monitoring of, 288, 289–290, 291b, 296, 297
target levels, 290
Blood sugar. See Blood glucose
Blood tests, 262
Blood-thinning medications, 266
Board-and-care homes, 312
Body. See also Mind-based management techniques; Mind/body interactions
healing ability of, 218
Body mass index (BMI), 202–203
Body scans (relaxation), 73
Bones
bone spurs, 276
healthy eating for, 183, 194–195
osteoarthritis and, 273–274, 276
osteoporosis and, 92, 201, 281–282, 283b, 284
Brain damage, 260
Brain imbalances, 52
Bread, 171, 176–177, 177b, 181t, 188, 293
Breathing. See also Lung disease; Shortness of breath
anger management and, 57
breathing exercises, 106, 249, 251
chronic conditions affecting, 8–9t
during exercise, 269
exercises to improve, 104–105, 106–107, 108, 109, 113
meditation and, 81–82
Brethine (medication), 244t
Bricanyl (medication), 244t
Bronchioles (lungs), 236, 237f
Bronchitis, chronic, 237
Bronchodilator medications, 236, 244t
Bronchospasms, 236
Bumetanide (medication), 268t
Bumex (medication), 268t
Bursitis, 274
Burst medications (asthma), 243b, 246t
Byetta (medication), 301t
Bypass surgery, 265
CAD (coronary artery disease), 255, 256, 257, 263, 265
Caffeine, 48, 61, 65, 183, 240
Calan (medication), 266t
Calcium, 172, 183, 195, 281–282
Calcium channel blockers (medication), 266t
Calf muscles, 101, 115–116, 131
Calling 911 emergency services, 158–159, 243, 259, 260, 268t, 295, 298
Calories. See also Weight management
addition of, for weight gain, 214
eating right number of, 173–175, 176
nutrition facts label and, 184–185
Cancer
eating and, 172, 173, 177, 183
sex and, 167
visualization and, 79
Canes, walking sticks and walkers
for arthritis, 281
bedtime preparations, 47
lung disease and, 252
occupational therapy and, 309
osteoporosis and, 283b
travel and, 16
Capoten (medication), 267t
Captopril (medication), 267t
Carbohydrates, 176–177, 177b, 185, 187–193, 293
Cardiac catheterization, 263
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), 321
Cardizem (medication), 266t
Carvedilol (medication), 267t
Case managers, 316
Celebrex (medication), 277–278
Celecoxib (medication), 277–278
CellCept (medication), 278
Cells, disease-related damage to, 4
Centering prayers, 81
Cereals, 188
Certified nursing assistants (CNAs), 310
Cetirizine (medication), 63
Change
assistance in daily living as, 309, 315
changeable/unchangeable stressors, 60–61
of expectations, 57
success or failure in, 24
of thought patterns, 56–57
for weight gain/loss, 203–208
Checklists
to prevent diabetes complications, 302–304
for stationary bicycling, 135
for taking medications, 226
Chemotherapy, 8, 12, 79, 219–220
Chest pain (angina), 218, 256, 267t, 268t
Chlorpheniramine maleate (medication), 63
Chlorpropamide (medication), 300t
Chlorthalidone (medication), 268t
Chlor-Trimeton (medication), 63
Cholesterol
coronary artery disease and, 256
healthy eating and, 177, 178–179, 185, 194, 263–264
medications for lowering, 262, 266t, 299
target levels of, 303
Chronic bronchitis, 237. See also Lung disease
Chronic illness. See also specific illnesses
as an opportunity, 14
causes of, 4–5
common self-management problems, 7t
differing responses to same disease, 6–7, 10
medications for, 218
multiple conditions and drug efficacy, 221
self-management problems, 7t
self-management skills, 8t, 12
similar symptoms of different diseases, 5–6
understanding the disease, 10–11
Chronic inflammatory arthritis, 281–284, 282–284. See also Arthritis
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), 235. See also Lung disease
Claritin (medication), 63
Claudication (leg pain), 258, 270
Clorpheniramine maleate (medication), 63
Clothing, 47, 63, 258, 277, 304. See also Shoes
CNAs (certified nursing assistants), 310
Codeine (medication), 53
Cognitive techniques. See Mind-based management techniques
Colchicine (medication), 279
Colcrys (medication), 279
Cold, sensitivity to, 133, 236, 239, 251
Combivent (medication), 244t
Communication about chronic conditions, 141–160
asking for, accepting, and providing help, 147–149
body language and communication styles, 151–152
expressing feelings and “I” messages, 142–146
with health care providers, 152–156
information requests, 150–151
listening, 149
minimizing conflict, 146–147
overview, 141–142
working with the health care system, 157–159
Community resources. See Resources
Compromise, 147
Concentration issues, 52
Conflict, minimization of, 146–147
Constipation, 177
Continuous positive air pressure (CPAP), 252b
Control over one’s life, 51, 80
Controlled cough (breathing), 46, 250
Convalescent hospitals, 312–313
Conversational styles, 152
Cooking healthy meals. See Food; Healthy eating
Cooling down (exercise), 115, 129, 130, 137, 251
Cooling of warm joints, 280
Cooling off (anger), 57
Copayments, 224
COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease), 235. See also Lung disease
Cordarone (medication), 267t
Coreg (medication), 267t
Corgard (medication), 267t
Coronary angiography, 263
Coronary angioplasty, 265
Coronary artery bypass surgery, 265
Coronary artery disease (CAD), 255, 256, 257, 263, 265
Corticosteroids, 236, 245–246t, 248, 277, 278
Cortisol, 278
Costs. See Affordability issues
Coumadin (medication), 266t
Counseling, psychotherapeutic, 52, 53, 167–168, 315–316, 319
Cozaar (medication), 267t
CPAP (continuous positive air pressure), 252b
CPR (cardiopulmonary resuscitation), 321
Crackers and snacks, 189, 199, 214
Cramping during exercise, 131–132
Cromolyn sodium (medication), 236, 245t, 251b
“Curl-up” exercise, 111
Cyclophosphamide (medication), 278
Cyclosporine (medication), 278
Cytotoxic medications, 278
Cytoxan (medication), 278
Daily recommended servings, 180–181t, 185. See also Healthy eating; Portion sizes for food
Dairy products, 172, 175, 180t, 183, 187, 195
Dancing, 136
Dawn effect (blood glucose), 292
Day care for adults, 309
Day-to-day living assistance, 307–311
Death, planning for, 317–319
Decadron (medication), 246t
Decision making
about asking for help, 315
about medical treatment, 155, 156–157, 231–234, 279–280, 320–324
strategies for, 18–19
about weight management, 203–206
Deconditioned muscles, 38, 39–40, 43, 251, 280
Defibrillators, 265
Deltazone (medication), 278
Denial (stage of grief), 317
Depression
causes and symptoms of, 5, 38, 51–52
clinical vs. “normal,” 50–51
sexual intimacy and, 162
stage of grief, 317
treatments for, 53–55
visualization and, 80
Desserts, 191
Dexamethasone (medication), 246t
DiaBeta (medication), 300t
Diabetes, 285–306
blood glucose monitoring and control, 289–293, 294–295t, 302
diagnosis and symptoms, 288, 288b
exercise and, 296–297
healthy eating for, 185, 192–194, 293, 293f, 296
heart disease and, 264
hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia, 173, 294–295t
illness and, 297–298
medications, 298–302, 300–301t
prevention of, 288–289
self-management, importance of, 304–305
sex and, 167
Type 1 vs. Type 2, 287t
visualization and, 79
Diabinese (medication), 300t
Diagnoses. See also specific medical conditions
chronic vs. acute, 2–3
emotional reactions to, 12, 14, 17
symptom descriptions and, 153–155
Diaphragmatic breathing, 44–45
Diaries
for asthma, 242
for diabetes, 291b
exercise diaries, 100, 135, 206
pain diaries, 41b
for weight management, 209, 213, 259–260
Diastolic pressure, 261
Diclofenac (medication), 277
Diet. See Healthy eating; Nutrition; Weight management
Diet pills, 48
Dietary fiber, 176–177, 177b, 185, 194
Dietary supplements, 171–172, 233
Dietitians, registered, 176, 212, 296
Diets, fad, 210
Digestive system, 286f
Digoxin (medication), 268t
Dilacor (medication), 266t
Diltiazem (medication), 266t
Diphenhydramine (medication), 63
Disability benefits, 314
Disability from chronic illness, 5
Discharge from hospital, 309, 313
Discomfort. See Pain and physical discomfort
Discussion groups on the Internet, 32–33
Disease-modifying drugs, 278
Distraction
eating out of boredom and, 195
prayer as, 80
sleep problems and, 49
techniques for, 82–83
Diuretics and fluid retention, 48, 196, 258, 260, 268t
Do not resuscitate (DNR) orders, 321, 324
Doctors. See Health care providers
Dopidogrel (medication), 266t
Dosage of medication, 222, 227, 247. See also Medications
Double-voiding of bladder, 65
Drinking. See Alcohol; Water and fluids, drinking of
Drugs. See Medications; Recreational drugs
Dry powder inhalers (DPIs), 248–249
Durable power of attorney (DPA), 25, 309, 318, 320–326
DXA scans, 281–282
Dyazide (medication), 268t
Eating. See Healthy eating
Echocardiograms, 262
Eggs, 187
Elder law, 309–310
Electrocardiograms (EKGs), 262
Electronic medical records, 158
Emergency bracelets and cards, 292
Emergency medical services, 158–159, 243, 259, 260, 268t, 295, 298
Emotions. See also Fear
about death, 318–319
depression and, 51–52
diabetes and, 297
emotional stressors, 58–59
expression of, 142–147
as hormonal/chemical trigger, 69
about needing help, 314–316
pain and, 40
skills for dealing with, 12
stress and breathing problems, 240
Emphysema, 194, 238. See also Lung disease
Enalopril (medication), 267t
Enbrel (medication), 279
End-of-life issues. See Planning for the future
Endurance, 44, 93, 138. See also Exercise, aerobic
Energy, lack of. See Fatigue
Enjoying life, 13
Environmental factors for chronic conditions, 3, 59
Epinephrine, 44
Esidrix (medication), 268t
Estimated average glucose (eAG), 288, 289
Estrogen and osteoporosis, 281–282
Etanercept (medication), 279
Everyday living assistance, 307–311
Exenatide (medication), 301t
Exercise, aerobic, 125–139
endurance self-tests, 138
exertion levels and heart rate, 126–128, 128t, 130, 135
guidelines for, 128–129
modifications to, 136–137
setting goals and planning for, 21–23, 125–126
stationary bicycling and exercise equipment, 134–136
swimming and aquacize, 132–134
walking, 22, 130–132, 252, 282
warming up and cooling down, 129, 130
Exercise, generally, 91–102
as anger defuser, 57
arthritis and, 276, 280, 282–284
chronic conditions helped with, 8–9t
community-based classes, 98–99
depression and, 55
diabetes and, 296–297
fatigue and, 39
as “good stress,” 59
guidelines for, 97–98
heart disease and, 263, 265, 269–270
importance of, 92
lung disease and, 131, 132, 134, 135, 136, 137, 240, 250–253
overcoming barriers to, 94–96
as pain reliever, 41–42
problems during, 100–102, 101t
as self-management component, 6b
setting goals and planning for, 92–94, 96–97, 99–100
sex and, 166
sleep and, 49
stroke and, 269–270
tips for, 104
for weight loss, 208–209
Exercise equipment, 135–136
Exercise for flexibility, strength, and balance, 103–124
ankle and foot exercises, 116–117
back and abdominal exercises, 108–111
balance exercises, 117–122
hand and wrist exercises, 105
hip and leg exercises, 112–116
modifications to, 103–104, 134
muscle weakness problems, 93
neck exercises, 104–105
self-tests, 121–124
shoulder exercises, 106–108
tips for, 102–103
whole body stretches, 121
Exertion levels and heart rate, 126–128, 128t, 130, 135
Expectations, management of, 57, 164, 218–220
Expectorants (medication), 246t
Expressing feelings, 142–144. See also Emotions
Faith, 80–81
Falling, 16–17, 23, 95, 96, 283
Family and friends. See also Sex and intimacy; Support
accepting help from, 315
communication with, 141–142
misunderstanding of pain, 41
as a resource, 28–29
talking about death with, 318–319, 324–325
Fatigue
chronic conditions causing, 7t
as depression symptom, 52
exercise and, 95
food preparation and, 197
heart failure and, 258
management of, 8–9t
overview, 38–39
sex and, 167
Fats and oils in food, 177–179, 185, 191, 214
Fear
of sexual activity, 162–163
Febuxostat (medication), 279
Feeding tubes, 323
Feelings, expression of, 142–147. See also Emotions
Felodipine (medication), 266t
Fiber, dietary, 176–177, 177b, 185, 194
Fibromyalgia, 275
Financial issues, 308, 313–314, 318. See also Affordability issues
FIT (Frequency, Intensity and Time) approach, 128–129
Flecainide (medication), 267t
Flexibility, 92–93, 107, 122–123, 129, 283. See also Stretching
Flovent (medication), 245t
Fluid retention and diuretics, 48, 196, 258, 260, 268t
Fluids. See Water and fluids, drinking of
Flunisolide (medication), 245t
Fluticasone propionate (medication), 245t
Food. See also Healthy eating; Nutrition
arthritis and allergies to, 281
emotions and, 195
flavor of, 196
interaction with medication, 223
preparation of, 178b
Foot and ankle exercises, 116–117
Foradil (medication), 244t
Forgetting to take medications, 225–226
Formoterol (medication), 244t
Fortimet (medication), 300t
Frequency of taking medication, 222–223
Friends. See Family and friends
Fruits, 190–191
Funeral planning, 318
Furosemide (medication), 268t
Future. See Planning for the future
Gas, intestinal, 197
Gastric reflux, 7t, 9t, 47, 240
Gender. See Men; Women
Getting help, 147–148, 149, 308, 314–316
Getting information, 150–151
Glinides (medication), 300t
Glipizide (medication), 300t
Glucophage (medication), 300t
Glucosamine (dietary supplement), 277
Glucose. See Blood glucose
Glucotrol (medication), 300t
Glumetza (medication), 300t
Glyburide (medication), 300t
Glyset (medication), 300t
Goals
action plans for achieving, 21–23, 54–55
rewards for achieving, 24–25, 100
setting, 19–20
Gold sodium thiomalate (medication), 278
“Good morning” exercise, 106
“Good stress,” 59
Good vs. bad fats, 178–179, 178b, 185
Government regulations, 172, 233, 324
Grains, 171–172, 175f, 176–177, 181t, 188–189, 293
Gratitude, practice of, 86–87, 149
Grief, 316–317
Guaifenesin (medication), 246t
Gum disease and diabetes, 302
“Gut test” (decision making), 18–19
Habits, 173, 226–227. See also Lifestyle
Hamstring self-test, 122
“Hamstring stretch” exercise, 115
Harming one’s self, 52
HCTZ (medication), 268t
HDL (high-density lipoprotein) cholesterol, 209, 266
“Heads up” exercise, 104–105
Health care providers
communication with, 10–11, 150–151, 152–155, 157–159, 220–225, 233
contacting by phone/email, 158–159
giving feedback to, 156
talking about death with, 325–326
when to call, 158–159, 221, 223, 243, 260, 294–295t, 298
Health insurance, 224, 313–314
Healthy eating, 169–200. See also Nutrition; Weight management
appetite issues, 52, 197–198, 214
challenges to, 196–199
for diabetes, 185, 192–194, 293, 293f, 296
gout and, 281
heart disease and, 260, 263–264
for high blood pressure, 170, 182, 194
importance of, 169–170
for lung disease, 194
nutrition facts labeling, 184–185
nutritional guidelines, 175–181
for osteoporosis, 194–195
portion management, 174–175, 210, 293, 296
principles of, 170–174
serving sizes, 180–181t, 184b, 186–192b
sleep problems and, 48
spacing of meals, 173, 193, 198, 214
speed of eating and, 206, 209, 211–212
thoughts and feelings and, 195
vitamins and minerals, 182–183, 219
Healthy thinking. See Positive thinking
Heart, 256f
Heart disease
advance directives regarding, 323–324
diabetes and, 302
diagnosis of, 262–263
healthy eating for, 194
overview, 4
prevention and treatment, 263–265
types of, 256–260
visualization and, 78–79
Heart failure, 258–260
Heart rate, 127–128, 128t, 269
Heart valve replacement, 265
Heartbeat, irregular, 257
Heat and pain relief, 42, 274, 277; 17:284
Heel spurs, 276
“Heel walk” exercise, 120
Help, accepting and asking for, 147–148, 149, 308, 314–316
Hemoglobin A1C, 288
Hemorrhagic stroke, 260
Herbal medicine, 220
HHS (Department of Health and Human Services), 97
High blood pressure
healthy eating for, 170, 182, 194
medications for, 266–268t
overview, 261–262
prevention of, 263–264
self-management skills for, 9t
weight management and, 202–203
High-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, 209, 266
Hip and leg exercises, 112–116
Hippocrates, 42
Hiring in-home help, 310–311, 319–320
HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, 266t
Holding chambers (inhalers), 247–248
Home, accommodations in, 28–29, 283
Home sharing, 311
Home-based assistance, 310–311, 319–320
Hormones
cortisol, 278
diabetes and, 218, 299–301, 301t
emotions, stress and, 44, 69, 80
estrogen, 281–282
heart failure and, 262
incontinence and, 64
injectable, 301t
sex and, 162
thyroid hormone replacement, 219
Hospital discharge planning, 309, 313
Huffing (breathing), 45
Humira (medication), 279
Humor, 144
Hunger, 195. See also Healthy eating
Hyaluronan (medication), 277
Hydrochlorothiazide (medication), 268t
Hydrochlorothiazide + triamterene (medication), 268t
Hydrogenated oils, 179, 185, 191
Hydroxychloroquine (medication), 278
Hygroton (medication), 268t
Hyperglycemia, 294–295t
Hypertension. See High blood pressure
“I” messages, 57, 144–146, 325
Ibuprofen (medication), 276–278
Ice and pain, 280
Ice and pain relief, 42
Ignoring problems, 61, 74, 85, 297
Ignoring symptoms, 11, 82, 165, 260
Imagery
medications and, 219
mind/body connection and, 74–75
for pain management, 42
sex and, 165
Imuran (medication), 278
Independent living centers, 308–309
Inderal (medication), 267t
Indigestion, 197
Inflammation
arthritis and, 273–274, 275, 276–277, 279
in chronic bronchitis, 237
chronic inflammatory arthritis, 277–280, 282–284
ice and heat treatments, 42
Infliximab (medication), 279
Influenza vaccines, 237
Information, asking for, 150–151. See also Resources for self-management
Ingredients in food, 185
Inhaled corticosteroids, 236, 245t
Inhalers (asthma), 241, 247–249
In-home help, 310–311, 319–320
Injectable hormones, 301t
Injuries, visualization and, 78
Insulin, 218, 286–287, 299–301, 301t. See also Blood glucose; Diabetes
Insulin resistance, 287
Insurance, medical, 224, 313–314
Intal (medication), 245t, 251b
Intensity of exercise, 126, 128–129, 128t
Interaction among medications, 220–221, 223, 227, 301–302
Internet. See also “Other Resources” sections at the end of each chapter
discussion groups on, 55
finding in-home care via, 311
finding resources via, 31–33
instructional videos on, 247
PictureRx (Web site), 226
Quackwatch (Web site), 234
recipes available on, 196
Intimacy. See Sex and intimacy
Iodinated glycerol (medication), 246t
Ipratropium bromide (medication), 244t
Irregular heartbeat, 257
Irreversible conditions, 237, 239, 250, 278, 299, 322
Irritants and triggers of asthma, 236, 238–241
Ischemia and exercise, 265
Ischemic stroke, 260
Isoptin SR (medication), 266t
Isordil (medication), 268t
Isosorbide dinitrate (medication), 268t
Itching, 62–64
Joint damage. See Arthritis
Journals. See Diaries
Kegel exercises, 65
Kidneys and kidney disease
calcium and, 183
causes of kidney disease, 5
diabetes and, 240, 299, 302–303
in digestion process, 286
heart failure and, 258
high blood pressure and, 261, 267t
itching and, 62
sodium and, 182
Kindness, practicing acts of, 87
Kitchen redesign, 28–29
“Knee strengthener” exercise, 113
“Knee to chest stretch” exercise, 108
Kübler-Ross, Elizabeth, 316–317
Labeling of medications, 224, 227, 228
Lanoxin (medication), 268t
Lasix (medication), 268t
LDL (low-density lipoprotein) cholesterol, 256, 266t, 303
Leflunomide (medication), 278
Leg and hip exercises, 112–116
Leukotriene inhibitors (medication), 246t
Library resources, 30–31
Librium (medication), 53
Licensed vocational nurses (LVNs), 310
Lidocaine (medication), 63
Life care facilities, 311
Life sustaining treatment, 322
Lifestyle
as cause of chronic disease, 3
changes in, 24
heart disease, high blood pressure, stroke and, 263–264
lifestyle tracking diary, 207t
out-of-home care and, 311
positive treatment results and, 232
weight maintenance and, 212–213, 215
Lifting of heavy objects, 283
Lipitor (medication), 266t
Lisinipril (medication), 267t
Listening (communication), 149, 151–152
Liver disease, 5
Living wills, 320
Logging. See Diaries
Loratidine (medication), 63
Losartan (medication), 267t
Losing weight. See also Weight management
benefits of, 65, 252, 281, 282, 296
strategies for, 209–213
Loss of control, 51
Lovastatin (medication), 266t
“Low back rock and roll” exercise, 110
Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, 256, 266t, 303. See also Cholesterol
Low-impact aerobics, 136–137. See also Exercise, aerobic
Lung disease, 235–253. See also Asthma; Shortness of breath
advance directives regarding, 323
chronic bronchitis, 237
emphysema, 238
exercise and, 131, 132, 134, 135, 136, 137, 250–253
healthy eating for, 194
irritants and triggers, 238–241
medications, 243, 244–246t, 246–249
monitoring of, 241–242
overview, 4
strategies for breathing better, 249–250
visualization and, 79
Lungs, 236f
LVNs (licensed vocational nurses), 310
Manipulative behavior, 146
“Marble pickup” exercise, 117
Massage and pain relief, 42
Maxair (medication), 244t
MDIs (metered-dose inhalers), 247–248
Meals, spacing of, 173, 193, 198, 214. See also Healthy eating
Meat and meat substitutes, 186–188
Medicaid, 314
Medical history, 221–222
Medical information, evaluating sources of, 232
Medical insurance, 224, 313–314
Medical personnel. See Health care providers
Medical records, 158
Medical treatment decisions, 155, 156–157, 231–234, 320–324
MedicAlert necklaces and bracelets, 292, 304
Medicare, 313–314
Medications, 217–229. See also Over-the-counter (OTC) remedies; specific medication names
for arthritis, 277–280
as cause of fatigue, 39
as cause of pain/discomfort, 40
communication with medical professionals about, 221–224
for depression, 52–53
for diabetes, 298–302, 300–301t
diet pills, 48
disease-modifying drugs, 278
diuretics (water pills), 48, 268t
heart medications, 264, 266–268t
interactions among, 220–221, 223, 227, 301–302
for itching, 63
for lung disease, 243, 244–246t, 246–249
monitoring of, 154, 223–224, 248
for pain, 42–43
positive thinking about, 218–220
prescriptions refills, 226, 248
problems with taking, 225–227
self-medication, 227–229
side effects, 221, 223, 279, 302
sleeping pills, 48
toxicity of, 279
as triggers of breathing problems, 240
“Medigap” insurance, 313
Meditation, 80–82
Medrol (medication), 246t
Men
alcohol consumption, 228b, 264
communication styles, 152
healthy weight ranges, 202–203
nutrition for, 172, 173, 180–181t
Mental health problems, 5, 162, 321. See also Dementia; Depression; Psychotherapy
Metaprel (medication), 244t
Metaproterenol (medication), 244t
Metered-dose inhalers (MDIs), 247–248
Metformin (medication), 300t
Methotrexate (medication), 278
Methylprednisolone (medication), 246t
Methylxanthines (medication), 244t
Metoprolol (medication), 267t
Mevacor (medication), 266t
Micronase (medication), 300t
Miglitol (medication), 300t
Mind-based management techniques, 69–88
designated worry time, 85–86
distraction, 82–84
imagery and visualization, 74–80
maintaining a healthy perspective, 86–88
overview, 69–70
positive self-talk, 84–85
prayer and meditation, 80–82
relaxation, 70–74
Mind/body interactions
degree of disability and, 10
medication and, 218–220
sex and intimacy, 162, 164, 165
stress and symptoms of chronic conditions, 40–43
Mindful eating, 209
Mindfulness meditation, 81–82
Minerals and vitamins, 182–183, 219, 283
Ministroke, 260
Misunderstanding of pain, 41
Moisturizing the skin, 62–63
Monitoring of medications, 223–224, 248. See also Medications
Montelukast (medication), 246t
Moodiness, 50–51
Moods and food, 195
Motion, range of, 104, 132, 282
Motrin (medication), 276–278
Muscles. See also Exercise for flexibility, strength, and balance
deconditioned, 38, 39–40, 43, 251, 280
protein and, 179–181
weight loss and, 209
Mycophenolate (medication), 278
Myochrysine (medication), 278
Mypicturerx.com (Web site), 226
MyPlate.gov (Web site), 175f, 185
Nadolol (medication), 267t
Naproxen (medication), 276–277
Narcotic medications, 42–43, 53
Natural remedies, 233
Nature therapy, 72
Nebulizers, 249
Neck and arthritis, 280
Neck exercises, 104–105
Negative self-talk, 42, 55, 84–85
Neoral (medication), 278
Nerve damage from diabetes, 302
Nifedipine (medication), 266t
911 emergencies, 158–159, 243, 259, 260, 268t, 295, 298
Nitrate medications, 268t
Nitro-Bid (medication), 268t
Nitro-Dur (medication), 268t
Nitroglycerin (medication), 259, 268t
Nitrostat (medication), 268t
Nonprescription medications. See Over-the-counter (OTC) remedies
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), 276–278
Norvasc (medication), 266t
Nuclear heart scans, 263
Nursing homes, 312–313
Nutrition
chronic conditions affected by, 8–9t
dietary supplements, 171–172, 233
fatigue and, 38
guidelines for, 175–181
medical treatments and, 232–233
nutrition facts label, 184–185b
vitamins and minerals, 182–183, 219, 283
Occupational therapy, 309
Oils and fats in food, 177–179, 185, 191, 214
Omega-3 fatty acids, 178
“One-legged stand” exercise, 121
Options for achieving goals, 20
Organ meats, 186
Organidin (medication), 246t
Orinase (medication), 300t
Osteoarthritis, 273, 276–277, 282. See also Arthritis; Bones
Osteopenia, 282
Osteoporosis, 194–195, 281–282, 283b, 284. See also Bones
Overexertion and pain, 40
Overprotectiveness, 41
Over-the-counter (OTC) remedies
drug interactions and, 220–221, 223, 227, 301–302
for itching, 63
for pain, 42
self-medication and, 227–228
Oxygen therapy, 249
Pacemakers, 265
Pain and physical discomfort
causes of, 39–40
chronic conditions causing, 7t
claudication (leg pain), 258, 270
eating and, 197
exercise and, 95, 100, 130, 137, 270
narcotic painkillers, 53
pain diaries, 41b
power of mind over, 70, 78–79, 80, 82
sex and, 167
as symptom of heart issues, 259, 268t
Pain diaries, 41
“Pain gates,” 40
Palpitations of the heart, 257
Pancreas, 286
Paralysis, partial, 134, 166. See also Stroke
Paraphrasing and effective communication, 150
PART (Prepare, Ask, Repeat, Take Action) strategy, 153–155
Partners. See Family and friends
“Pat and reach” exercise, 107
Peak flow monitoring (asthma), 241–242
Pedometers, 138
Pelvic floor muscles, 65
“Pelvic tilt” exercise, 109, 111
Periodontal disease and diabetes, 302
Peripheral vascular disease (PVD), 257–258, 270
Perspective, change of, 86–88
PFTs (pulmonary function tests), 238
Pharmaceutical companies, 225
Pharmacists, 222–225
Phlegm, 44, 46. See also Shortness of breath
Physical discomfort. See Pain and physical discomfort
Physical stressors, 58
Physicians. See Health care providers
Phytochemicals in food, 172, 177
Pioglitazone (medication), 301t
Pirbuterol (medication), 244t
Placebo effect, 218–219
Planning for the future. See also Action plans
advance directives for health care, 320–321
anxiety and, 51
day-to-day living assistance, 307–311
durable power of attorney, 318, 320–326
emotional aspects of needing help, 314–316
fear of death, 317–319
grieving process, 316–317
making one’s wishes known, 324–327
out-of-home care, 311–313
palliative and hospice care, 43, 319–320
paying for care, 313–314
Plant-based protein sources, 187, 188
Plaquenil (medication), 278
Plateaus in weight loss, 211
Plavix (medication), 266t
Pleasure, planning for, 54
Plendil (medication), 266t
Pneumonia vaccines, 237
Points of view, 147
Portion sizes for food, 174–175. See also Daily recommended servings; Healthy eating
Positions to ease shortness of breath, 46i
Positive affirmations, 85
Positive thinking. See also Thoughts
depression and, 55
medications and, 218–220
pain and, 42
techniques for, 84–85
Posture
exercises for, 104–105, 106–107, 108, 109, 113
lung disease and, 250
osteoporosis and, 283
Potassium (mineral), 182–183
Potassium iodide (medication), 246t
“Power knees” exercise, 114
Power of attorney, 309, 318, 320–326
Pramlintide (medication), 301t
Pramoxine (medication), 63
Prandin (medication), 300t
Pravachol (medication), 266t
Pravastatin (medication), 266t
Prayer, 80–81
Precose (medication), 300t
Prednisone (medication), 246t, 278
Preexisting conditions, 313
Prepare, Ask, Repeat, Take Action (PART) strategy, 153–155
Prescription labels, 224
Prescriptions. See Medications
Prevention, medication as used for, 218, 245t, 246, 298–299
Prevention of Type 2 diabetes, 288–289
Prinivil (medication), 267t
Probenecid (medication), 279
Problem solving
getting help for daily living, 307–310
midcourse corrections to action plans, 23
for stress reduction, 61
Procardia (medication), 266t
Processed foods, 171, 172, 182
Propranolol (medication), 127, 240, 267t
Proventil (medication), 15:255b, 244t
Psychotherapy, 52, 53, 167–168, 315–316, 319
Pulmonary function tests (PFTs), 238
Pulse (heart rate), 127–128
Pursed-lip breathing, 45
PVD (peripheral vascular disease), 257–258, 270
Quackwatch (Web site), 234
Quieting reflex, 72–73
QVAR (medication), 245t
Range of motion, 104, 132, 282
Raynaud’s phenomenon, 133
“Ready-go” exercise, 114
Recumbent stationary bicycles, 269. See also Stationary bicycling
Refilling prescriptions, 226, 248
Registered dietitians (RDs), 176, 212, 296
Registered nurses, 310
Rehabilitation, physical, 261, 313
Relaxation
chronic conditions helped by, 8–9t
prayer and, 80
techniques for, 70–74
weight loss and, 212
Religious faith, 80–81
Remedy foods for diabetes, 293, 294t
Remedy foods for hypoglycemia, 294t
Remembering to take medications, 226–227
Remicade (medication), 279
Repaglinide (medication), 300t
Repeating (PART strategy), 155
Resbid (medication), 244t
Residential homes, 312
Resources for self-management, 27–33. See also Internet; “Other Resources” sections at the end of each chapter
in the community, 6b, 17, 20, 98–99
on the Internet, 31–33
libraries, books and magazines, 30–31
organizations and referral services, 29–30
overview, 27–29
Respect for others, 143
Restaurant food, 198–199
Restorators (exercise equipment), 135, 252–253
Restoril (medication), 53
Resuscitation, artificial, 321, 324
Retinopathy, 302
Retirement communities, 308–309, 315
Reverse mortgages, 314
Rewards for achieving goals, 24–25, 100
Rheumatic diseases, 274–275, 277. See also Arthritis
Rheumatoid arthritis, 178, 278–279, 281
Rheumatrex (medication), 278
Riomet (medication), 300t
Risks
of alcohol use, 228b
of being overweight, 203
of diabetes, 289, 296, 299, 303–304
of heart attack and stroke, 93, 95, 264, 266t
of heart disease, 170, 178–179, 194, 262, 263–264, 266–267t
of high blood pressure, 261
of osteoporosis, 281–282
Rituxan (medication), 278
Rituximab (medication), 278
Rofecoxib (medication), 278
“Roll-out” exercise, 111
Rosiglitazone (medication), 301t
Salmeterol (medication), 244t
Saying no, 148
Scientific journals, 232
Scratching, 64
Second opinions, 155–156
Second-line drugs, 278
Secretions and shortness of breath, 44, 46
Sectral (medication), 267t
Selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs), 282
Self-blame, 13
of asthma, 237, 241–242, 242–243b
of common symptoms, 7t
deciding to undertake, 15
of depression, 53–55
healthy eating, 199
keeping records of medications, 154, 221–222
living with uncertainty, 17
of lung disease, 241–242
making changes, 24b
making decisions, 18–19
management skills overview, 6b, 8–9t, 12
positive management, 1–2
rewarding yourself, 24–25
of stress, 60–62
taking action, 19–20
tips for using tools of, 37b
Self-massage, 42
Self-medication, 227–228
Self-tests for strength, flexibility, and balance, 121–123
Selye, Hans, 58
Sensitivity to cold, 133
Serevent (medication), 243, 244t
SERMS (selective estrogen receptor modulators), 282
Serving sizes (food), 174–175, 180–171t, 184b, 186–192b, 210
Sex and intimacy, 161–168
benefits of, 161–162
depression and, 52
misconceptions about, 163
obstacles to, 166–168
overcoming fear of, 162–163
overcoming symptoms during, 164–166
sexual positions, 166
Shock (emotional), 317
Shoes, 116, 131, 133, 137, 283b, 304
Shortness of breath. See also Asthma; Lung disease
arm exercises and, 131, 134, 136, 137
causes of, 249
chronic bronchitis and, 237
chronic conditions causing, 7t
diabetes and, 297
while eating, 197
emphysema and, 238
exercise and, 100, 101t, 126, 251, 269
fluid retention and, 260
as heart attack/stroke symptom, 259b
as heart disease symptom, 256–257
as heart failure symptom, 258
medications as cause of, 240
medications to relieve, 243, 244t
overview, 43–44
oxygen therapy, 249
self-management tools, 44–46
smoking and, 239
swimming and, 132
Shoulder exercises, 106–108
Shoulder flexibility self-test, 122
Side effects of medication, 221, 223, 279, 302
Simvastatin (medication), 266t
Singulair (medication), 246t
Skin itching, 62–64
Sleeping
arthritis and, 280–281
as depression symptom, 52
medications for, 48
pain and, 40
professional help for, 50
sunshine and, 49
tips for managing, 46–50
Slo-Bid (medication), 244t
Slophyllin (medication), 244t
Small vessel heart disease, 256
Smartphones as self-management tool, 226
Smoking
heart disease and, 263
lung disease and, 237, 238, 239
osteoporosis and, 283
shortness of breath and, 44
sleep and, 48
as a stressor, 61
Snacks and crackers, 189, 199, 214
Snoring, 49–50
Social networking Web sites, 32
Social Security, 314
Social workers, 309
Socializing and depression, 55
Somophyllin (medication), 244t
Spacer devices for inhalers, 247–248
Spiriva (medication), 244t
Spirometry tests, 238
Spouses. See Family and friends; Sex and intimacy; Support
Statins (medication), 266t, 299
Stationary bicycling, 134–135, 135t, 269
Stents, 265
Steroid creams, 63
Steroids, anabolic, 246. See also Corticosteroids
abdominal muscle exercises, 108–109, 111
digestive system, 286f
eating and fullness of, 81, 174, 197, 210
gastric reflux, 7t, 9t, 47, 240
medications and, 223, 246t, 266, 277–278
“Stop!” distraction technique, 83
Straight leg raises, 112
Strength, physical, 93, 103–104, 123. See also Exercise for flexibility, strength, and balance
Strengths, personal, 87
Stress
breathing problems and, 240
as cause of pain, 40
diabetes and, 297
heart disease and, 264
itching and, 63
management of, 60–62
overview, 58–59
writing and relief of, 87–88
Stress tests, 262–263
“The stretcher” exercise, 121
Stretching. See also Flexibility
aerobics and, 137
stretching exercises, 105, 106, 108, 115, 121
Stroke
healthy eating for, 194
sex and, 166
Sugar, blood. See Blood glucose
Sulfasalazine (medication), 278
Sulfonylureas (medication), 300t
Sulindac (medication), 277
Sunshine and sleep problems, 49
Supplemental Security Income (SSI), 312, 314
Supplements, nutritional, 171–172, 233
Support. See also Family and friends
asking for help, 314–316
for diabetes patients, 297
for exercising, 101–102
support groups, 57
for weight gain/loss, 204, 212
Sweet treats, 191
Swimming (exercise), 132, 251, 269
“Swing and sway” exercise, 118–119
Symlin (medication), 301t
Symptoms, 35–67. See also specific types of symptoms (e.g. pain)
communicating about, 154
differing symptoms to same disease, 6–7
of heart attacks, 256–257
medication for, 218
sexual activity and, 164
side effects of medications, 221, 223, 279, 302
similar symptoms of different diseases, 5–6
of stress, 59
of stroke, 260
vicious cycle of, 4f
Synovium (joint membrane), 276
Systemic corticosteroid medications, 246t
Systolic pressure, 261
Take Off Pounds Sensibly (TOPS), 212
Taking action. See Action plans
“Talk test” (exercise intensity), 126
Tambocor (medication), 267t
Tenormin (medication), 267t
Terbutaline (medication), 244t
Termination of life-sustaining treatment, 322
TheoDur (medication), 244t
Theolair-SR (medication), 244t
Theophylline (medication), 244t
Therapy, psychological, 52, 53, 167–168, 315–316, 319
Thiazolidinedione medications, 301t
Thoughts. See also Positive thinking
anger and changing of, 51
eating and, 195
as hormonal/chemical trigger, 69–70
negative/positive self-talk, 42, 55, 84–85
“Thumb walk” exercise, 105
TIA (transient ischemic attack), 260
Time exercising and endurance, 142
Time with doctors, 153
Tiotropium (medication), 244t
“Tiptoes” exercise, 116
TNF (tumor necrosis factor), 278–279
“Toe walk” exercise, 120
Toes and toenails, 116–117, 131, 303–304
Toilet issues. See Bowel issues; Urine and urination
Tolazamide (medication), 300t
Tolbutamide (medication), 300t
Tolinase (medication), 300t
Toprol XL (medication), 267t
TOPS (Take Off Pounds Sensibly), 212
“Towel grabber” exercise, 116
Toxicity of medications, 279
Tracking. See Diaries
Tranquilizers and depression, 53
Transient ischemic attack (TIA), 260
Treatment decisions, 155, 156–157, 231–234, 320–324
Triamcinolone (medication), 245t, 246t
Triamterene + hydrochlorothiazide (medication), 268t
Triggers of asthma, 236, 238–241
Triglycerides, 209, 256, 262, 266t, 296
Triprolidine (medication), 63
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF), 278–279
“200 Plan” for weight change, 206, 208, 214
Tylenol (medication), 218, 276–277
Type 1 vs. Type 2 diabetes, 287t. See also Diabetes
U. S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), 175, 186
U. S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), 97
Uloric (medication), 279
Uncertainty, living with, 17
Understanding and communication, 141, 146b
Unlabeled medications, 228
Urine and urination
assistance with, 313
bladder control issues, 64–65, 166
diabetes and, 286, 288b, 292, 294–295t, 297, 298, 302
Vaginal lubrication, 167
Valdecoxib (medication), 278
Valium (medication), 53
Valve (heart) replacement, 265
Vanceril (medication), 245t
Ventilators, 323. See also Lung disease
Ventolin (medication), 15:255b, 244t
Verapamil (medication), 266t
Vicious cycle of symptoms, 4f
Vicks Vap-O-Rub, 63
Vicodin (medication), 53
Victim, playing role of, 27, 144
Vioxx (medication), 278
Vision problems and diabetes, 302
Visualization, 42, 75, 78–80, 165
Vitamin D, 283
Vitamins and minerals, 182–183, 219, 283. See also Nutrition
Voltaren (medication), 277
Vomiting and diabetes, 297
Waist circumference, 202–203
Waiting for medical appointments, 159
Walkers and walking sticks. See Canes, walking sticks and walkers
Walking for exercise, 22, 130–132, 252, 282
“Wand” exercise, 107
Warfarin (medication), 266t
Warming up (exercise), 22, 129, 130, 137, 166, 251
Water and fluids, drinking of, 44, 48, 65, 183, 228, 246t, 250, 294t, 298
Water exercise programs, 132–134. See also Swimming (exercise)
“Water pills.” See Diuretics and fluid retention
Web sites. See also “Other Resources” sections at the end of each chapter
PictureRx, 226
Quackwatch, 234
Weight management, 201–215. See also Exercise; Healthy eating
action plans for, 206, 208, 210
arthritis and, 281
body mass index classifications, 203t
diabetes and, 194
diet pills, 48
food diary, 207t
heart disease and, 258–260, 264
importance of, 201–202
osteoporosis and, 283
shortness of breath and, 43
target weight ranges, 202–203
weight gain strategies, 213–215
weight gain/loss decision making, 203–206
weight loss strategies, 209–213, 296
Weight training (exercise), 103–104, 136
Weight Watchers, 212
Whole grains, 171–172, 175f, 176–177, 181t, 188–189, 293
Wills, 318
Women
alcohol consumption, 228b, 264
bladder control issues, 64
communication style, 152
diabetes and, 287t
healthy weight ranges, 202–203
heart disease/heart attack symptoms, 257, 259b
osteoporosis, 281
Wrist and hand exercises, 105
Writing and stress relief, 87–88
Yogurt, 187–188
“You” messages, 144–146
Zarfirlukast (medication), 246t
Zestril (medication), 267t
Zocor (medication), 266t
Zyloprim (medication), 279
Zyrtec (medication), 63