Contents

List of Illustrations

vii

List of Tables

ix

Notes on Transliteration, Names, Titles, and Currency

xi

Introduction

1

PART I: THE MAKING OF THE KHEDIVATE

17

1.The Ottoman Origins of Arab Patriotism

21

2.The Ottoman Legitimation of Power: The Khedivate

50

3.The European Aesthetics of Khedivial Power

84

PART II: “A GARDEN WITH MELLOW FRUITS OF REFINEMENT

121

4.A Gentle Revolution

125

5.Constitutionalism and Revolution: The Arab Opera

164

PART III: THE REINVENTION OF THE KHEDIVATE

199

6.Hārūn al-Rashīd under Occupation

203

7.Behind the Scenes: A Committee and the Law, 1880s–1900s

238

8.Distinction: Muṣṭafā Kāmil and the Making of an Arab Prince

268

Conclusion: The Ottoman Origin of Arab Nationalisms

303

Acknowledgments

309

Abbreviations

311

Works Cited

313

Index

345