Lagos, Nigeria, 2.1 and n, 2.2
Landau, Irving
Langner, Lawrence, 13.1n, 14.1, 14.2n; Hughes’s letters to, 13.2
Langston, Charles, 2.1n, 7.1 and n
Langston, John Mercer, n
Langston, Mary Sampson Patterson Leary, itr.1, 1.1, 2.1n, 4.1 and n
Langston Hughes Reader, The
Larkin, Milton, 16.1n; Hughes’s letters to, 16.2
Larsen, Nella, 4.1 and n, 9.1n; Passing, 4.2 and n
La Touche, John, n
Laughing to Keep from Crying, 7.1n, 12.1, 12.2 and n
Lawrence, D. H., n
Lawrence, Frieda, and n
Lawrence, Jacob, 11.1 and n; Hughes’s letters to, 11.2; illustrations for One-Way Ticket, 11.3 and n, 11.4, 11.5
Lawrence, Kansas, itr.1, 1.1, 1.2n
Lawson, John Howard, 7.1 and n; Marching Song, 7.2n; Roger Bloomer, 7.3n
League of American Writers, 8.1n, 8.2
Leary, Lewis Sheridan, and n
Lee, Canada, 10.1 and n, 10.2 and n, 10.3n
Le Grand Duc, Paris, 2.1 and n, 2.2n, 7.1n
Lehman, Benjamin, 7.1 and n, 9.1, 9.2n
Lehmann, Lotte, and n
Lehmann, Rosamond, and n
Leiper, Maria, 11.1 and n, 12.1; Hughes’s letters to, 13.1
LeNoire, Rosetta, n
Leonard, Charles, 9.1 and n, 9.2, 9.3, 9.4, 9.5, 10.1
Lesser, Joseph C., 10.1, 10.2n
“Let America Be America Again,” 7.1, 8.1 and n, 13.1
“Letter,”
“Letter from Spain,”
“A Letter to Anne,”
“Letter to the Academy,” itr.1, 6.1n
“Let Us Remember,” n
Leyda, Jay, itr.1, 6.1n, 8.1n
Liberator, The, 1.1n, 1.2 and n, 1.3n, 7.1n
Lieber, Maxim, prf.1, 6.1 and n, 6.2n, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 7.4, 7.5, 8.1, 9.1n, 10.1, 10.2, 12.1n; Hughes’s letters to, 7.6, 7.7, 8.2, 9.2, 9.3, 10.3, 11.1, 11.2, 12.2, 12.3, 13.1
Lieber, Minna (Zelinka), 9.1 and n, 12.1 and n, 13.1 and n
“Lift Ev’ry Voice and Sing,”
Lincoln, Abraham, and n
Lincoln, Illinois, itr.1, 1.1
Lincoln Center, New York
Lincoln News, 5.1n
Lincoln Theater, Harlem, n
Lincoln University, itr.1, itr.2, itr.3, itr.4, itr.5, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3 and n, 3.4, 3.5 and n, 3.6, 4.1, 4.2 and n, 8.1n, 11.1n, 11.2 and n, 12.1 and n, 14.1n, 15.1n
Lincoln University Poets: Centennial Anthology, 1854–1954, 12.1 and n
Lindsay, John, and n
Lindsay, Vachel, prf.1, 3.1 and n, 3.2; Hughes’s letters to, 3.3
“Listen Here Blues,” n
Liston, Sonny, n
Literary America, 7.1n
Literary Digest, The, 1.1 and n
“Little Dog,”
Little Ham, 8.1 and n, 8.2, 8.3, 8.4; radio serialization, 9.1n, 9.2n
“The Little Virgin,” n
Liza (musical), 1.1 and n, 3.1n
Locke, Alain, itr.1, prf.1, 1.1, 1.2n, 1.3 and n, 1.4, 1.5, 2.1 and n, 2.2 and n, 3.1, 3.2, 4.1 and n, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.5, 4.6n, 4.7 and n, 4.8, 5.1n, 6.1, 10.1, 14.1; Hughes’s letters to, 1.6, 1.7, 1.8, 2.3 and n, 2.4, 3.3, 4.9; The Negro in Art, 1.9n; The New Negro, 1.10n, 2.5n, 4.10n; When Peoples Meet, 1.11n
Logan, Rayford, 10.1 and n; Hughes’s letters to, 10.2; What the Negro Wants, 10.3 and n, 10.4n
London, 2.1, 4.1 and n, 9.1, 14.1, 15.1
Los Angeles, 5.1, 6.1n, 7.1n, 9.1, 9.2 and n, 16.1n
Louis, Joe, 9.1n, 13.1, 13.2n
“Lovely Dark and Lonely One,” n
Lovett, Robert Morss, and n
Lowell, A., Lawrence
Lowell, Amy, and n
“Luani of the Jungles,” n
Lucas, Bob
Lucas, W. Radcliffe, 5.1, 5.2n, 6.1n
Lueders, Edward, Carl Van Vechten and the Twenties, 13.1 and n
Luhan, Mabel Dodge, 3.1 and n, 3.2n, 7.1
Lulu Belle (play), 3.1 and n, 3.2n
Luppi, Romeo, 2.1 and n, 2.2
Lyles, Aubrey, n
lynching, itr.1, 4.1 and n, 10.1
Lyons, Leonard, and n
“lyrical” poems

MacArthur, Douglas, itr.1, 10.1
Macaulay, Robie, and n
“Madam” (Alberta K. Johnson) character
“Madam and the Phone Bill,”
Madariaga, Salvador de, and n
Madrid, 4.1 and n, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3 and n, 8.4
Mahoney, William P., and n
“Mailbox for the Dead,” and n
Maine, and n
Malcolm X, and n
“Ma Man,” n
Mann, Abby, n
Mann, Thomas, 3.1; The Magic Mountain, 7.1 and n
Manning, Richard, 11.1, 11.2 and n
Maran, René, 1.1 and n, 2.1 and n, 2.2, 2.3; Batouala, 1.2 and n
Marc, John
March, William, The Bad Seed, 14.1 and n
March of Time, The, 10.1 and n, 10.2, 10.3
Marinoff, Fania, 4.1 and n, 6.1, 10.1, 13.1
Market Place Gallery, Harlem, and n
Marks, Edward B., and n
Marquand, John P., 12.1 and n, 12.2n
Marshall, Thurgood, 3.1n, 14.1 and n
Marxism, 6.1, 6.2n, 11.1n
Maryland, 4.1, 4.2 and n
Mason, Charlotte L., itr.1, prf.1, 4.1 and n, 4.2, 4.3n, 4.4, 4.5 and n, 4.6 and n, 4.7n; collapse of relationship with Hughes, 4.8, 4.9 and n, 4.10, 4.11 and n, 4.12 and n; Hughes’s letters to, 4.13, 4.14
Masses, The, 1.1n, 7.1n
Matheus, John F., n
Matthias, Blanche, and n
Matthias, Russell, and n
Matthiessen, Peter, and n
Maugham, W. Somerset, “Miss Thompson,” n
Maxon, Constance, and n
Maynor, Dorothy Leigh, 13.1 and n, 13.2
McCarthy, Joseph, itr.1, itr.2, 9.1n, 12.1, 12.2n, 13.1, 14.1n; subcommittee on “un-American” activities, itr.3, itr.4, 9.2, 12.3, 12.4 and n, 12.5 and n, 13.2n
McClendon, Rose, itr.1, 4.1 and n, 4.2n, 8.1n, 8.2 and n, 8.3 and n
McConnell, Fanny, and n
McCormick, Robert Rutherford, and n
McCullers, Carson, 6.1n, 10.1 and n, 10.2, 10.3, 10.4, 14.1; The Heart Is a Lonely Hunter, 10.5n
McKay, Claude, itr.1, itr.2, prf.1, 2.1 and n, 2.2n, 2.3, 2.4, 4.1, 4.2n, 4.3n, 10.1n, 10.2; death of, 10.3n; Home to Harlem, 2.5n, 3.1n, 4.4 and n, 4.5, 4.6; Hughes’s letters to, 3.2, 4.7, 4.8, 4.9; A Long Way from Home, 4.10n
McKeesport, 2.1 and n, 2.2 and n
McNeil, Claudia, 15.1, 15.2 and n
McPherson, Aimee Semple, 9.1, 9.2, and n, 9.3, 11.1, 14.1
McPherson, Ozie, and n
“Me and the Mule,”
Meet the People, 9.1 and n, 9.2, 9.3 and n
Meller, Raquel, and n
Meltzer, Milton, 13.1n, 15.1n, 16.1n, 16.2 and n
Memphis, and n
Mencken, H. L., n
Menotti, Gian Carlo, 14.1n; Amahl and the Night Visitors, 14.2n
Mercer, Mabel, and n
Meschrabpom Film, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4, 6.5
Messenger, The, 3.1 and n, 3.2, 3.3n, 16.1n
Metropolitan Opera, 1.1n, 1.2n, 4.1 and n, 9.1n, 14.1 and n
Mexico, itr.1, 1.1 and n, 1.2n, 1.3n, 1.4, 1.5, 3.1n, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3 and n, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 8.1, 12.1n
Mexico City, 1.1n, 4.1, 4.2, 7.1 and n, 7.2 and n, 7.3, 8.1
Meyerhold, Vsevolod Emilevich, and n
Meyerowitz, Jan, itr.1, 11.1, 11.2 and n, 12.1n, 12.2n, 13.1n, 13.2n, 14.1n, 14.2; Hughes’s letters to, 13.3, 13.4, 14.3, 14.4
Michaëlis, Karin, and n
Micheline, Jack, and n
“Midwinter Blues,” and n
Millay, Edna St. Vincent, 2.1, 3.1 and n; “Travel,” 1.1
Miller, Doris “Dorie,” and n
Miller, Flournoy, n
Miller, Henry, 9.1 and n, 14.1; The Air-Conditioned Nightmare, 9.2n; Tropic of Cancer, 9.3n; Tropic of Capricorn, 9.4n
Miller, Irvin C., and n
Miller, Loren, and n
Miller, Warren, The Cool World, 14.1n
Milner, Ronald, and n
Mills College, 14.1 and n, 16.1
miscegenation, 4.1n, 6.1n, 8.1n
Mississippi, 5.1, 10.1, 14.1n, 16.1
Mississippi River, and n
Mistral, Gabriela, and n
Mitchell, Franklin B., Jr., n
Mitchell, Loften, 14.1 and n; Hughes’s letters to, 14.2
Mitchell, Margaret, Gone with the Wind, 9.1 and n
modernism, 5.1n, 7.1n
Modern Quarterly, 3.1 and n
Modisane, William “Bloke,” itr.1, 14.1n, 14.2n; Hughes’s letters to, 14.3
Modotti, Tina, and n
Mojica, José, and n
Montage of a Dream Deferred, itr.1, 12.1, 12.2 and n
Moon, Henry Lee, 1.1 and n, 1.2n, 12.1n, 13.1n
Mooney, Thomas J., and n
Mora, Joseph Jacinto, and n
Morand, Paul, Magie Noire, 4.1 and n, 4.2
Morehouse College, and n
Morford, Richard, 12.1 and n; Hughes’s letters to, 12.2
Moscow, itr.1, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4 and n, 6.5, 7.1 and n, 7.2 and n
Moscow Art Theatre, 1.1 and n, 1.2 and n, 1.3, 1.4 and n, 4.1n
“Mother and Child,” and n
“Mother to Son,” 1.1 and n, 15.1 and n
Motley, Archibald J., Jr., and n
Motley, William, and n
Mphahlele, Ezekiel (Es’kia), itr.1, 14.1 and n, 14.2, 14.3n
“Mr. Five by Five,” and n
“Mulatto,” and n
Mulatto, itr.1, xxxiii, 3.1n, 4.1n, 4.2n, 8.1, 8.2n, 12.1n, 13.1, 14.1; Broadway production, 8.3, 8.4, 8.5 and n, 8.6 and n, 8.7, 8.8, 8.9, 8.10 and n, 11.1n, 11.2 and n
“Mule Bone,” itr.1, 4.1; controversy, itr.2, 4.2 and n, 4.3 and n, 14.1
Muni, Paul, 10.1 and n, 10.2n, 12.1
Muñoz, Rafael, “Shot into Space,” and n
Muray, Nickolas, and n
Murphy, Dudley, and n
Murray, Pauli, 5.1 and n; Proud Shoes, 5.2n
Muse, Clarence, n
music. See blues; gospel; jazz; opera; specific musicians, bands, genres, songs, musicals, and styles; spirituals
Mussorgsky, Modest, Boris Godunov, 1.1n
“My America,” n
Myerberg, Michael, and n
“My People,”
My Simple Minded Friend column, 10.1, 10.2n, 10.3, 11.1, 11.2, 11.3 and n, 11.4

Nashville, itr.1, 3.1n, 7.1n
Nathan, George Jean, n
Nation, The, 3.1, 7.1n
National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), itr.1, 1.1n, 3.1, 3.2n, 4.1n, 4.2 and n, 5.1, 5.2n, 5.3n, 7.1n, 8.1n, 8.2n, 9.1n, 9.2n, 12.1, 12.2n, 12.3n, 12.4 and n, 13.1 and n, 14.1, 14.2, 14.3n, 14.4 and n, 14.5n, 14.6, 14.7n, 15.1
National Book Award, itr.1, 10.1n, 13.1n
National Committee for the Defense of Political Prisoners, 5.1 and n, 6.1n
National Council of American-Soviet Friendship, 12.1 and n, 12.2
National Institute of Arts and Letters, 14.1 and n, 14.2 and n, 14.3 and n
National Urban League, 3.1n, 4.1n, 11.1n, 11.2, 13.1n, 14.1n
Nation of Islam, n
Nazimova, Alla, and n
Nazism, 6.1n, 9.1n, 10.1
NBC, 10.1n, 12.1, 14.1n
Negritude movement, 13.1n, 14.1n, 14.2 and n
“The Negro,” 1.1, 1.2n, 2.1n
“The Negro and American Entertainment,” n
“The Negro Artist and the Racial Mountain,”
Negro Book Society, n
Negro Dance Group, n
“Negro Dancers,”
Negro Digest, 10.1 and n, 10.2, 12.1 and n, 16.1n
Negro Mother and Other Dramatic Recitations, The, 5.1 and n, 5.2 and n, 5.3
Negro Playwrights Company, 9.1 and n, 9.2, 9.3
Negro Poets and Their Poems, 1.1n
“The Negro Speaks of Rivers,” itr.1, prf.1, 1.1, 1.2, 8.1 and n, 9.1, 9.2n, 10.1, 12.1, 16.1
Negro Worker, 9.1n
Negro Writers Conference (1964), and n
Negro Year Book, 11.1, 11.2 and n
Neiman, Gilbert, and n
Nemirovich-Danchenko, Vladimir, 1.1n1.2n
Nevada, 7.1 and n, 7.2 and n, 7.3
New Deal, 7.1, 8.1, 8.2n, 9.1n
New Directions, and n
New Masses, 6.1n, 6.2n, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3 and n, 9.1, 10.1n
New Mexico, 3.1n, 7.1
New Negro, The
New Negro literature, n
New Negro Poets: USA, 12.1n, 14.1 and n, 14.2n, 15.1, 16.1n
New Orleans, 3.1n, 3.2, 3.3 and n, 3.4 and n, 3.5, 4.1, 7.1, 7.2n
New Orleans Times-Picayune, 3.1 and n
New Republic, The, 1.1n, 2.1n, 3.1 and n, 3.2n, 7.1n, 7.2 and n, 11.1, 12.1n
“A New Song,” and n
New Song, A, 6.1n, 7.1n, 8.1
New York Amsterdam News, see Amsterdam News
New York City, itr.1, itr.2, 1.1, 3.1, 4.1, 4.2n, 5.1, 8.1, 9.1; black policemen, 12.1 and n; Depression-era, 6.1, 6.2; Hughes settles in Harlem, 10.1, 10.2n, 11.1, 12.2. See also Broadway; Greenwich Village; Harlem; specific neighborhoods and locations
New Yorker, The, 3.1n, 3.2n, 7.1, 9.1, 9.2, 10.1, 12.1n, 14.1n
New York Evening Graphic, 4.1 and n
New York Post, itr.1, 10.1, 14.1n, 15.1n; Hughes’s columns in, 10.2, 14.2n, 15.2 and n, 15.3 and n
New York Sun, 10.1n
New York Times, The, 7.1, 10.1n
New York Times Book Review, The, itr.1, 13.1 and n
New York World’s Fair (1964), and n
Ngugi wa Thiong’o, itr.1, 14.1 and n
Nicaragua, n
Nichols, Charles
Nietzsche, Friedrich, 1.1, 1.2
Nigeria, itr.1, 2.1 and n, 2.2, 12.1 and n, 12.2, 13.1n, 13.2, 14.1, 14.2n, 14.3
“The Nine O’Clock Bell,” and n
Nkrumah, Kwame, n
“Nonette,” and n
North America Newspaper Alliance, n
North Carolina, and n
Northwestern University, and n
“Note on Commercial Theatre,”
Not Without Laughter, 4.1 and n, 4.2n, 7.1, 8.1n, 10.1
Novarro, Ramón, and n
Nugent, Richard Bruce, 4.1n, 4.2 and n, 5.1n
Nussbaum, Anna, and n
Nweke, Chuba, 13.1 and n; Hughes’s letters to, 13.2
Nxumalo, Henry, and n