Chapter 1 1 Gordon W. Prange,
At Dawn We Slept: The Untold Story of Pearl Harbor (New York: Penguin, 1981), 539-540.
2 William Trimmer, “Bill Trimmer’s Story” (undated, unpublished memoir)
4 Doris Kearns Goodwin,
No Ordinary Time. Franklin & Eleanor Roosevelt: The Home Front in World War II (New York: Touchstone/Simon & Schuster, 1994), 288-289.
5 William L. O’Neill,
A Democracy at War: America’s Fight at Home and Abroad in World War II (New York: Free Press/Macmillan, 1993), 106.
6 Clay Blair, Jr.,
Silent Victory: The U.S. Submarine War Against Japan (New York: Lippincott, 1975), 77-80.
11 Ron Smith interview by Flint Whitlock, 1 February 2005.
12 Martin, Gilbert,
The Second World War: A Complete History (New York: Henry Holt, 1989), 275-276; John F. Wukovits,
Pacific Alamo, The Battle for Wake Island (New York: New American Library, 2003), 55-56; O’Neill, 111;
www.answerscom.
14 Louis Morton,
United States Army in World War II: The War in the Pacific—The Fall of the Philippines (Washington, D.C.: United States Army Center of Military History, 1995 [reprint]), 125-138; William Manchester,
Goodbye Darkness: A Memoir of the Pacific War (New York: Bantam, 1980), 71.
19 Theodore Roscoe,
United States Submarines Operations in World War II (Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press, 1976), 252.
20 Roscoe, p. 4, 12-13; Michael E. Haskew, ed.,
The World War II Desk Reference (New York: HarperCollins/Grand Central Press, 2004), 28.
23 Irvine E. Eastman, ed.,
World Almanac and Book of Facts for 1940 (New York: New York World-Telegram, 1940), 849.
Chapter 2 4 Skipjack and
Tarpon war patrol reports, Operational Archives Branch, Naval Historical Center, Washington, D.C.
5 Roscoe, 71; Blair, 148.
6 Grayback and
Sturgeon war patrol reports; Gilbert, 294; Blair, 144; Charles A. Lockwood,
Sink ’Em All: Submarine Warfare in the Pacific (New York: E. P. Dutton, 1951), 61.
7 Sargo war patrol report; Blair, 116-118.
8 Pollack, Plunger, Gudgeon war patrol reports; Roscoe, 34, 51; Blair, 89-91.
13 Duane Whitlock interview by Flint Whitlock, 23 January 2007.
14 Seadragon patrol report.
19 S-37 war patrol report; Roscoe, 73-74.
26 Gilbert, 302-307, 312, 316-318.
30 Smith interview, 1 February 2005.
Chapter 3 4 Skipjack war patrol report.
6 Tautog war patrol report.
7 Greenling, Drum, Silversides war patrol reports; Blair, 204-206.
8 Blair, 195-199; Robert D. Ballard and Michael H. Morgan,
Graveyards of the Pacific (Washington, D.C.: National Geographic/Madison Press, 2001), 73-89.
13 Blair, 70; Roscoe, 123-126.
14 Russell Spurr,
A Glorious Way to Die: The Kamikaze Mission of the Battleship Yamato (New York: Bantam, 1981), 22-26.
17 Blair, 214-215; Roscoe, 123-127.
18 Nautilus war patrol report; Blair, 220-221; Jonathan Parshall and Anthony Tully,
Shattered Sword: The Untold Story of the Battle of Midway (Washington: Potomac Books, 2005), 184-185.
19 Nautilus, Tambor, Trigger war patrol reports; Blair, 221-223.
22 Growler, Triton war patrol reports; Blair, 246-248.
Chapter 4 1 Samuel E. Morison,
History of United States Naval Operations in World War II: Breaking the Bismarcks Barrier, 22 July 1942 - 1 May 1944 (Vol. VI), (Boston: Little, Brown, 1949), ix-x.
3 James C. Fahey,
The Ships and Aircraft of the United States Fleet, Second War Edition (New York: Gemsco, 1944), 30; Blair, 43n, 55n, 61n, 112-118, 142, 147, 154, 167, 249, 250-257; Roscoe, 34-35, 144-145, 250 -252.
5 Morison,
Breaking the Bismarcks Barrier, ix.
8 Drum, Grayling, Greenling, Grenadier, and Gudgeon war patrol reports; Roscoe, 154.
10 William J. Ruhe,
War in the Boats: My WWII Submarine Battles (Washington, D.C.: Brassey’s/Potomac Books, 1996), 5.
13 S-39 war patrol report; Blair, 272-275; Roscoe, 153-154.
21 Miller, John, Jr.
United States Army in World War II: The War in the Pacific—
Guadalcanal: The First Offensive (Washington, D.C.: United States Army Center of Military History, 1989 [reprint]), 1-30, 350.
Chapter 5 1 Smith interview, 12 February 2005.
4 Smith interview, 15 February 2005.
5 Reynold Dittrich, interview by Thomas Saylor, Ph.D., Director, Oral History Project, Concordia University, St. Paul, MN, 5 March 2002.
6 Smith interview, 15 February 2005.
8 Smith interview, 15 February 2005.
Chapter 6 1 Smith interview, 15 February 2005.
2 Michael C. Geletka, interview by Flint Whitlock, 3 September 2005.
3 U.S.S.
Pampanito pamphlet, n.d.
4 Smith interview, 15 February 2005.
5 Plaque in U.S.S.
Cobia, Manitowoc, WI.
6 Frank Toon, interview by Flint Whitlock, 3 September 2005.
9 Norman Polmar,
The American Submarine (Annapolis, MD: Nautical and Aviation Publishing Co., 1981), 51.
10 Carl W. Vozniak, interview by Flint Whitlock, 3 September 2005.
Chapter 7 1 Steep Angles and Deep Dives (Bangor, WA: Submarine Research Center [n.d.]), 49-50.
3 Polmar, 53; James F. Calvert,
Silent Running: My Years on a World War II Attack Submarine (New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1995), 7.
4 Smith interview, 22 February 2005.
5 Gilbert, 355, 361, 367, 369, 370, 398.
7 Haddock war patrol report.
9 Blair, 303-304; Roscoe, 162.
13 Morison,
The Struggle for Guadalcanal, 288-315.
14 Albacore,
Greenling,
Guardfish,
Nautilus,
Triton war patrol reports; Blair, 308.
Chapter 8 1 Smith interview, 22 February 2005.
3 Harlan Lebo,
Casablanca: Behind the Scenes (New York: Simon & Schuster/ Fireside, 1992), 128.
4 Smith interview, 22 February 2005.
5 Smith interview, 1 March 2005.
8 Greenling,
Growler,
Guardfish,
Nautilus,
Swordfish war patrol reports.
9 Growler war patrol report; Blair, 347-348; home.st.netau/dunn/usnavy/fremantlesubmarinebase.
10 Smith interview, 1 March 2005.
Chapter 9 2 George Grider (as told to Lydel Sims),
War Fish (Boston: Little, Brown, 1958), 68-69.
3 Grider, 100-101; Blair, 357-358.
4 William Tuohy,
The Bravest Man: The Story of Richard O’Kane and U.S. Submariners in the Pacific War (Sparkford, England: Sutton, 2001), 33-34.
6 Smith interview, 1 March 2005, Fahey, 30; Blair, 43n, 55n, 61n, 142, 154, 167, 249, 250-257.
7 Edward L. Beach,
Submarine! (New York: Henry Holt, 1952), 121-122.
8 Smith interview, 1 March 2005.
10 Seal war patrol report; Roscoe, 118, 165-166.
11 Smith interview, 3 March 2005.
12 Smith interview, 3 March 2005.
15 Smith interview, 3 March 2005.
17 Smith interview, 3 March 2005.
18 Robert J. Casey,
Battle Below: The War of the Submarines (New York: Bobbs-Merrill, 1945), 358-365.
22 Smith interview, 3 March 2005.
Chapter 12 1 Smith interview, 21 March 2005; Lockwood, 118-119.
2 Smith interview, 4 April 2005.
3 Robert P. Beynon,
U.S.S. Bowfin:
The Pearl Harbor Avenger (Deland, FL: Just Books 1, 2005), 95.
5 Smith interview, 4 April 2005.
Chapter13 1 Smith interview, 4 April 2005.
5 Smith interview, 14 April 2005;
Seal war patrol report.
7 Manchester, 258-270, 282.
11 Smith interview, 14 April 2005;
Seal war patrol report.
12 Morison,
Breaking the Bismarcks Barrier, 389-391, 410.
13 Albacore war patrol report.
14 Gilbert, 488-489, 491, 495.
15 Bowfin, Skipjack, and
Tinosa war patrol reports.
16 Eric Hammel,
Pacific Warriors: The U.S. Marines in World War II (St. Paul, MN: Zenith Press, 2005), 163-170; Philip A. Crowl,
United States Army in World War II: The War in the Pacific—
Campaign in the Marianas (Washington, D.C.: United States Army Center of Military History, 1993 [reprint]), 206-301.
17 Smith interview, 14 April 2005.
19 Smith interview, 14 April 2005.
21 Smith interview, 14 April 2005.
23 Guardfish,
Parche,
Seahorse,
Steelhead war patrol reports; Blair, 654.
Chapter 14 1 Decker interview, 15 February 2003.
6 Richard H. O’Kane,
Clear The Bridge! The War Patrols of the U.S.S. Tang (New York: Rand McNally, 1977), 39- 40; DeRose, 144-145.
9 O’Kane,
Clear the Bridge, 50; Beach, 152.
10 O’Kane,
Clear the Bridge, 25-34.
12 O’Kane,
Clear the Bridge, 55-126.
16 Smith interview, 19 May 2005.
17 Morison,
History of U.S. Naval Operations in World War II: Leyte, Vol. XII (Boston: Little Brown, 1960), 86-87.
18 O’Kane,
Clear the Bridge, 140.
19 Smith interview, 19 May 2005.
21 O’Kane,
Clear the Bridge, 169-192.
25 Smith interview, 19 May 2005.
30 Flint Whitlock,
The Fighting First: The Untold Story of the Big Red One on D-Day (Boulder, CO: Westview, 2004), 236.
31 Smith interview, 19 May 2005.
33 O’Kane,
Clear the Bridge, 202.
Chapter 15 1 Harder war patrol report; Beach 102-103.
2 Harry “Bud” Dunn, interview by Flint Whitlock, 3 September 2005.
7 Harder war patrol report.
11 Smith interview, 19 May 2005.
12 Cavalla war patrol report; Paul S. Dull,
A Battle History of the Imperial Japanese Navy (1941-1945) (Annapolis: Naval Institute Press, 1978), 308; en.wikipedia .org/wiki/Japanese_aircraft_carrier_ Shokaku.
15 O’Kane,
Clear the Bridge, 207-231.
17 O’Kane,
Clear the Bridge, 231-266.
19 O’Kane,
Clear the Bridge, 268.
20 O’Kane,
Clear the Bridge, 441.
25 O’Kane,
Clear the Bridge, 269-303.
Chapter 16 1 Flint Whitlock,
The Rock of Anzio: From Sicily to Dachau -
A History of the 45th Infantry Division (Boulder: Westview, 1998), 314-318.
2 Carl W. Vozniak, interview by Flint Whitlock, 3 September 2005.
3 F. Willard Robinson,
Navy Wings of Gold (Eugene, OR: River Park Press, 2001), 296-301.
8 Smith interview, 19 May 2005.
12 Robert B. Smith, “Tragic Voyage of
Junyo Maru.”
World War II magazine, March 2002.
15 Richard L. Himmell, Robert S. LaPorte, and Ronald E. Marcello, eds.
With Only the Will to Live: Accounts of Americans in Japanese Prison Camps, 1941-1945 (Wilmington, DE: Scholarly Resources, 1994), 41-43.
Chapter 17 1 Robinson, 297; Gilbert, 592.
3 Wukovits, “Clash in the Sibuyan Sea,”
WWII History magazine, November 2004.
6 Jim Clepper correspondence with Ron Smith (n.d.).
10 Harry Popham, “Eyewitness to Tragedy: Death of U.S.S.
Princeton,”
World War II magazine, May 1997.
12 Wukovits, “Clash in the Sibuyan Sea.”
20 Smith interview, 19 May 2005.
Chapter 20 1 Morison,
History of United States Naval Operations in World War II: The Liberation of the Philippines—
Luzon, Mindanao, the Visayas, 1944-
1945, Vol. XIII (Boston: Little, Brown, 1959), 179, 184-210, 280.
2 Besugo and
Hardhead war patrol reports.
3 Blackfin, Boarfish, and
Pampanito war patrol reports.
4 Batfish war patrol report.
5 Pargo war patrol reports.
6 Blenny and
Hammerhead war patrol reports.
7 Flounder and
Hoe war patrol reports; Keith, 165-193; Morison,
The Liberation of the Philippines, 178-185.
9 Manchester, 395; Gilbert, 642-643; Keith Wheeler,
The Road to Tokyo (Alexandria, VA: Time-Life Books, 1979), 57.
10 Roy E. Appleman, James M. Burns, Russell A. Gugeler, and John Stevens,
United States Army in World War II: The War in the Pacific—
Okinawa: The Last Battle (Washington, D.C.: United States Army Center of Military History, 1993 [reprint]), 1-9.
13 Appleman, et al, 473-474.
15 Tirante war partrol report; Blair, 816-819.
17 Eugene B. Fluckey,
Thunder Below! The USS Barb
Revolutionizes Submarine Warfare in World War II (Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1992), 421; Morison,
The Liberation of the Philippines, 298.
18 Fluckey, 219-220, 257-277, 367-385, 409; Peter Collier,
Medal of Honor: Portraits of Valor Beyond the Call of Duty (New York: Artisan/Workman, 2003), 83;
www.ussnautilus.org/fluckey.
Chapter 21 2 Smith interview, 2 September 2005.
4 Lansing Lamont,
Day of Trinity (New York: Atheneum/ Signet, 1965), 108-109.
7 J. Lee Ready,
World War Two Nation by Nation (London: Arms and Armour Press, 1995), 65, 93, 118, 167, 181; Hans Dollinger,
The Decline and Fall of Nazi Germany and Imperial Japan (New York: Bonanza, 1967), 422.
12 Dollinger, 397; Gilbert, 716-717.
14 Smith interview, 2 September 2005.
21 Michel T. Poirier, “Results of the German and American Submarine Campaigns of World War II” (unpublished monograph), 1999.