Absolute, 117
Amitābha Buddha, 55–56, 119, 156
Amoghavajra, 55
Ānanda (Indian Patriarch), 6n, 8–9, 29, 72, 179
Army Ministry, 78
Aśvaghoṣa (Indian Patriarch), 8–9, 179
Avalokiteśvara, 158
Basiasita (Indian Patriarch), 9, 49, 102
Being, 136n
Birth, 136n
Bodhi, see Ultimate Enlightenment
Bodhidharma (Indian Patriarch), 7–9, 11–12, 19–23, 26–30, 34, 38–39, 40–42, 49–51, 55, 93, 102, 105, 118–19, 155, 179; legend of, 10, 21, 58; robe of, 27, 42–45, 74, 76, 80, 84, 86, 112–13, 128–29, 131, 133–34, 176; verse of, 176, 178
Body, 158
“Brief Preface” to Platform Sutra (Fa-hai), 59–64, 70
Buddha, 4, 6, 29–30, 38–39, 45, 48, 78, 82, 145–46, 150, 153, 156–58, 165–67, 175, 179–80, 183; three-fold body, 118, 141–43; Dharmakāya, 141–43, 156, 172, 181, 183; Nirmāṇaāya, 141–43, 172, 181; Sambhogakāya, 141–43, 172, 181; and Buddha-mind (verse), 180; see also Amitābha Buddha
Buddhamitra (Indian Patriarch), 8–9, 179
Buddhanandi (Indian Patriarch), 8–9, 179
Buddhism, 1; sects in eighth century, xii, 35; adaptation of teaching to Chinese ways, 1; opposition of Confucianists and Taoists, 1; imperial acceptance of, 1–2; regulation of temples, 2; regulations of monks and nuns, 2; in early years of T’ang dynasty, 2, 117; T’ien-tai School, 2, 6, 37–38, 39n, 48, 55; Chen-yen teaching, 2, 55; Pure Land School, 2, 43–44, 55, 84, 118–19, 156–58; Laṅkāvatāra School, 3–23 passim; Indian, 3; meditation as essential part, 3, 135, 137; persecution of by Emperor Wu, 12, 56–57; precepts of, 15–16; Mahāyāna teaching, 20, 22, 82, 118–19, 149, 154–55, 157, 161, 175; Hua-yen School, 55–56; harmony of sects, 55–56; Hīnayāna, 150
Buddhism, Ch’an, xii, 55, 56, 70, 139; rise in eighth century, xii, 4, 5–7, 16–23, 58, 88–89; early history of, xii, 4, 7, 48, 52; rise to dominant position, 2–3; establishment of history, 4–7, 27; Chinese Masters, 6, 18–19; traditional Patriarchs, 7, 8–9, 12, 14, 20; legend of Bodhidharma, 10, 21, 58 (see also Bodhidharma); transmission of teaching by Patriarchs, 11, 72, 162, 173–74; the Way, 11, 15, 60, 82, 140n, 141, 143–44, 151–52, 154–55, 160–63, 175, 181; growth of history and legend, 1–57; of Hung-jen, 3, 17; Northern School, 17, 24, 29, 32–34, 36–39, 40, 45–46, 58–59, 75, 77–78, 92–93, 95, 99, 115, 119–20, 152n, 162–64, 176–78; major schools of, 19, 23–24, 26; Shen-hui’s school, 23–37; Southern School, 24, 28–29, 36–38, 40, 45–47, 66, 92–93, 98–99, 125–83 passim; sitting in meditation (tso-ch’an), 33, 116–17, 137, 140; Tun-huang documents, 39–40; Szechuan School, 17, 45–46, 119; seven different schools of, 46; Niu-t’ou (Oxhead) School, 38n, 46, 55, 98; school of Hsüan-shih, 46; later histories of, 49, 59; Emperor Wu-tsung’s persecution of, 2, 56; as dominant sect of Chinese Buddhism, 57; school of Hsing-t’ao, 70, 76; Japanese Sōtō sect of, 100; transmission of text in, 120–21, 126, 153–54, 162, 173–74, 182; see also Patriarchs
Ch’an (Seeking forgiveness), 144
Ch’an Buddhism, see Buddhism, Ch’an
Ch’an-hui, see Repentance (ch’an-hui)
Chang Ch’ang-chi, 42
Chang Hsing-ch’ang, 28
Change, 136n
Ch’ao Chiung, 100
Ch’ao Tzu-chien, 100
Chen-ti, see Paramārtha
Ch’en Hui-ming, 73, 109–10, 134
Ch’en Ya-hsien, 61
Ch’eng Ching-ch’i, 76
Ch’eng-yüan, 43
Ch’i-to-lo, 60
Chih-ch’ang, 120, 128, 168, 170
Chih-ch’e, 170
Chih-chiang, 17
Chih-chü, 47
Chih-hai, 64
Chih-hsien, 16–17, 19, 42–43, 119; founds major Ch’an school, 19, 45–46
Chih-hui, see Prajñā
Chih-t’ung, 170
Chih-yüan, 80
Ch’ih-ching, 165n
Chin ho-shang, see Wu-hsiang
Chin Ta-pei, 87
Ching-ming ching, 136
Ching-te ch’uan-teng lu, 10n, 24n, 51, 64, 70, 79–88, 97, 104, 113
Ch’ing-yüan Hsing-ssu, 47, 54, 91n, 104
Chiu T’ang shu, 66
Ch’u-chi (T’ang ho-shang) 43–44, 46, 53
Ch’uan fa-pao chi, 5–8, 10–16, 18, 21, 23, 28, 34
Ch’üan Tang wen, 6n, 31, 59, 64–65
Chuang Tzu, 26
Chün-chai tu-shu chih (Ch’ü-chou ed.), 104
Chün-chai tu-shu chih (Yüan-chou ed.), 104n
Chung-hsing Temple, 83
Chung-nan, Mount, 17
Chung-tsung, Emperor, 23, 31, 65, 81–82, 86
Confucianism 11; opposition to Buddhism, 1
Daijōji edition, see Platform Sutra
Dana sutra, 92n
Death, 136n
Deva King Peak, 61
Dharma, 27, 31, 41–42, 55, 60–61, 65, 67, 72, 79, 81, 84, 86–87, 90, 109, 135–37, 141, 145, 151, 155, 157, 161–63, 165–68, 170–73, 176, 178, 181, 183; great, 80–81; eye, 85; of the Great Perfection of Wisdom, 125–26; of Sudden Enlightenment, 133; body, 138, 148; true, 142, 144, 155, 166; of prajñā, 148; of the Supreme Way, 149; of the Supreme Vehicle, 152, 166; of no-thought, 153; of birthlessness, 157; World, 159; of one vehicle, 165–67; of the Four Vehicles, 168
Dharmakāya Buddha, see Buddha
“Dharma-master Fei,” see Tu Fei
Dharma-treasure, 62
Dharmatrāta, 6n, 8, 29n, 30, 40, 72, 102 Dhyāna, 33, 82, 94; identity with prajñā, 33, 94, 115
Dhṛtaka (Indian Patriarch), 8–10, 179
Diamond Sutra, 34, 41, 79, 94, 112, 118, 127, 130, 133, 136n, 149, 151
Direct mind, 115
Discourses (Shen-hui), 32
Dōgen, 100
East Mountain, 3, 16, 50, 80–81, 127
E-hu Ta-i, 98
Eight improper practices, 157
Eighteen realms of sense, 171
Emptiness, 146
Enchin, 92
Enlightenment, 34, 117–18, 149–55, 180–81; see also Ultimate Enlightenment
“Erh-ju ssu-hsing,” see “Two Entrances and Four Categories of Conduct”
Fa-chen, 170
Fa-ch’in, see Ching-shan Fa-ch’in
Fa-ch’ung, 12
Fa-hai, 59, 63–65, 70, 77, 89–91, 95–97 passim, 99, 108, 121, 125–26, 170, 174, 176, 179–80, 182–83; biography of Huineng, 60–63; school, 103
Fa-hsing Temple, 65, 80, 90–91, 182
Fa-ju, 7, 14–19, 21–22, 28, 170
Fa-lin, 50
Fa-ta, 112, 113, 120, 165–68, 170
Fa-ts’ai, 65
Fa-wo, 136n
Fan-wang ching Lu-sha-na fo-shuo p’u-sa hsin-ti chieh p’in ti-shih, 141n
Feng-kuo Shen-chao, 91n
Feng-mu, Mount, 3n
Fifth Patriarch, see Hung-jen
Five aggregates, 171
Flag, and wind, 80
“Formless Precepts,” 117–18, 125, 145–46
Formlessness, verse of, 154
Fourth Patriarch, see Tao-hsin
Fu fa-tsang yin-yüan chuan, 6n, 8
Fu-t’ien, 128n
Fujieda Akira, 90n
Gayaśāta (Indian Patriarch), 8–9, 179
Great Perfection of Wisdom, 146
Gunabhadra (Indian Patriarch), 8, 19–21, 29, 41, 60–61, 65, 81
Haklenayaśas (Indian Patriarch), 8–9, 179
“Hall of the Seventh Patriarch,” 28
Ho-tse ho-shang ch’an-yao, 68n
Hou Ching-chung, 62
Hsi-kuo Fo-tsu tai-tai hsiang-ch’eng ch’uan-fa chi, 39n
Hsi-tsung, Emperor, 54
Hsiang-mo, 32
Hsiang Ta, 92
Hsiang-yang, 26
Hsiang-ying, 175n
Hsien-tsung chi, 24n
Hsien-tsung lun, 24n
Hsin-chin wen-chi, 104
Hsing-t’ao (Ling-t’ao), 70, 75–77, 78, 87
Hsin-ti, 164n
Hsin-t’ung, 159n
Hsiu-fu, 154n
Hsü kao-seng chuan, 10–12, 14, 20, 34, 58
Hsüan-shih, 46
Hsüan-lang, see Tso-ch’i Hsüan-lang
Hsüan-tsang, 43
Hu Shih, 24–25, 32–33, 36, 53, 89–90, 98, 100, 105–6
Hua-kuo Temple, 62
Hua-t’ai, 26
Huan-kung Mountain, 12
Huang ch’an-shih, 75
Hui, sec Repentance (hui)
Hui-an (Lao-an), 17–19, 42, 46, 53, 62, 65, 81
Hui-chi, 72
Hui-ching, 60
Hui-chü, see Chih-chü
Hui-chung, see Nan-yang Hui-chung
Hui-hsiang, 76
Hui-k’o (Second Patriarch), 7, 8–9, 10–12, 19–20, 23, 27, 30, 39n, 41, 50, 179; biography of, 50; verse of, 176–77
Hui-ming, sec Ch’en Hui-ming
Hui-neng (Sixth Patriarch), xii, 5, 17–21, 26–31, 39, 42, 47, 50, 111, 155; Platform Sutra of, 18, 89–187 passim; founds major Ch’an school, 19, 29, 31, 43; death of, 31–32, 61, 64–65, 67, 78, 89, 174, 182; Southern School of, 36, 47; raised to Sixth Patriarch, 38, 45, 128; accepted as Sixth Patriarch, 42, 59–88 passim; disciples of, 44, 53–55, 113, 170, 174–84 passim; legends of, 55–88 passim, 95–96; biography of, 58–88, 92, 126–34; teachings of, 67, 93–96, 135–82; illiteracy of, 111–12, 132, 165; and Dharma of Great Perfection of Wisdom, 125–26; verses of, 132, 173–74; sermons of, 134–62; transmission of teachings, 162, 173–74
Hui-shan Temple, 18
Hung-chi ta-shih, see Ch’ing-yüan Hsing-ssu
Hung-jen (Fifth Patriarch), 3, 7, 13–14, 20, 23, 27, 35, 38n, 39n, 45–46, 50, 58, 66, 72, 79, 80, 113, 127–33, 179; disciples of, 3–4, 15–19, 31, 66, 72–73, 112, 127–28, 132, 151; verse of, 177
Hurting and not hurting, 169
I-fu (Ta-chih), 14n, 21–22, 23n, 38
l-hsing san-mei, 136n
Insentiency, 136
Intuitive wisdom, see Prajñā
Ishii Mitsuo, 24n
Jambūdvīpa, 149
Jayata (Indian Patriarch), 8–9, 179
Jen, Master, see Hung-jen
Jung, 38
Kāmadhātu, see Six heavens of desire
Kāṇadeva (Indian Patriarch), 8–9, 179
Kao-tsung, Emperor, 17, 31, 74
Kapimala (Indian Patriarch), 8–9, 179
Kāśyapa (Indian Patriarch), 6n, 9, 29, 38, 39n, 72, 179
Kattō-shū, 109
Ko-lao, 127n
Kōshōji edition, see Platform Sutra
Kuan-hsin, 152n
Kuang-hsiao ssu i-fa t’a-chi, 65
Kuang-hsiao Temple, 20n
Kumārata (Indian Patriarch), 8–9, 179
Kuo-en Temple, 74, 83, 85–86, 174
Lang (shih lang), 105
Laṅkāvatāra school, 3–23 passim
Laṅkāvatāra Sutra, 4, 6, 8, II, 20, 21, 34, 38, 41, 58, 129–30, 159n; four-chüan version, 20
Lao-an, see Hui-an
Leng-chia shih-tzu chi, 3n, 8, 16–17, 19–23, 27, 34, 41, 66
Leng-chia yao-i, 21
Li-tai fa-pao chi, 3n, 9, 20n, 30, 39–46, 48, 64, 67–68n, 77, 96, 125n, 140n, 164n
Ling-t’ao, see Hsing-t’ao
Ling-yün, 18
Liu (assistant magistrate), 16, 85, 87
Liu-ch’en, 153n
Liu Ch’eng, 25n
Liu Ch’u-chiang, 75
Liu Ch’ung-ching, 87
Liu-men, 153
Liu-tse, 153n
Liu-tsu fa-pao chi hsü, 105
Liu-tsu ta-shih yüan-ch’i wai-chi, 63
Liu-tsu t’an-ching, 104
Liu Tsung-yüan, 77
Liu Yü-hsi, 77
Lu Hsing-t’ao, 60
Lu I, 36
Lu-shan, Mount, 73
Lung-hsing Temple, 26
Ma-tsu Tao-i, 46, 50, 51, 53–55, 98
Madhyāntika (Indian Patriarch), 6n, 8–9, 29, 39n, 40, 48, 179
Mahākāśyapa (Indian Patriarch), 8–9
Mahāprajñāpāramitā, 93, 146–48
Mahāsthāmaprāpta, 158
Mahāyāna, 82–83, 117–18, 141–54 passim
Maitreya, 158
Man, see Chang Ching-man
Manorhita (Indian Patriarch), 8–9, 179
Meditation, 82, 115, 135–36; schools of, 38–39; sitting in, 117, 140–41
Mi-to, 60
Miccaka (Indian Patriarch), 8–9, 45, 179n
Mind, 80, 82–84, 115, 139–40, 145–46, 158–59, 164–69
Missionaries, Buddhist: Indian, 1; Central Asian, 1
Mo-ho chih-kuan, 6n
Nāgarjūna (Indian Patriarch), 6, 8–9, 39n, 179
Naishō Buppō sōjō ketsumyaku fu, 39n
Nan-ch’üan Pu-yüan, 91n
Nan-tsung, see Buddhism, Ch’an: Southern School
Nan-yang ho-shang tun-chiao chich-t’o ch’an-men chih-liao-hsing t’an-yü, 24–25n
Nan-yang Hui-chung, 97
Nan-yang Wen-ta tsa-cheng i, 25n, 68n
Nan-yüeh, Mount, 53
Nan-yüeh Huai-jang; Ch’an school of, 46
Nirmāṇakāya Buddha, see Buddha
Nirvāna Sutra, 67, 68, 71, 73, 79–80, 115, 135n
Niu-t’ou, Mount, 39
Niu-t’ou School, see Buddhism (Ch’an): Niu-t’ou (Oxhead) School
Nonbirth, 83
Nondestruction, 83
Northern Sung text, see Platform Sutra: Kōshōji edition
Ōkubo Dōshū, 101
One Vehicle sect, 29n
“Original face”, 110
Oxhead School, see Buddhism (Ch’an): Niu-t’ou (Oxhead) School
Pa-hsieh, 157n
Pao-en kuang-hsiao Temple, 93n
Pao-lin chuan, 9, 47–49, 51–53, 70, 77, 89, 91, 96, 103, 106, 120, 176n, 177n
Pao-lin Temple, 20, 61–62, 71, 74, 79–80, 81–83
Pāramitā (Po-lo-mi-to), 147–48
Pārśva (Indian Patriarch), 8–9, 179
Patriarchs, 46, 49, 51, 89; Indian, 4, 6–9, 29–30, 38–40, 45, 48–51, 69, 78, 101–2, 179; Chinese, 4, 7, 16, 20, 29–30, 41, 49–50, 67, 72, 78, 96, 120, 176–79; transmission of Ch’an teaching by, 11, 72; succession, 48, 58, 72; see also names of individual patriarchs, e.g., Tao-hsin
P’ei Ts’ui, 7n
Pen-chüeh, 143n
Person, 136n
Pi-an, 91n
Pien, 129n
Pien-hsiang, 129n
Platform Sutra, 5, 18, 32, 34, 40, 45–46, 48–49, 52–53, 64, 69, 77, 89–110 passim; Kōshōji ed. xii, 24n, 90n, 98–101, 103–4, 108, 126n, 129n, 132n, 133n, 136n, 152n, 161n, 172n, 184; Fahai’s “Brief Preface” to, 59, 63, 65; autobiographical section of, 68, 92, 111, 126–127; Northern Sung versions, 90–91, 99, 103; parallels with works of Shen-hui, 93–94; sermons in, 92, 95, 97, 111, 114; material to condemn Northern Ch’an, 92; sections relating to Fa-hai, 92; verses, 92, 96, 154–55, 160–161, 175–78, 180–81; “Gozan” ed., 99; preface by Ch’ao Tzu-chien, 100; Daijōji ed., 90n, 100–1, 103–4, 108; Hui-hsin text, 101, 103–4; evolution of text (diagram), 103; first printed ed., 103; Ch’ao Chiung copy, 103; Ts’un-chung ed., 103; Ch’i-sung ed., 103–4; two Yüan eds., 106, 108; Te-i ed., 107–8; Tsung-pao ed., 107–8; analysis of contents, 111–20; major concepts, 115–18
Platform Sutra: Tun-huang manuscript version, xii, xii, 5, 30, 32, 89–92, 94, 96–101, 103–4, 108, 129n, 132n, 136n, 152n, 154n, 161n, 164n, 170n, 172n, 173n, 184–85; translation, 123–83; Chinese text, 213 ff
Po-chang Huai-hai, 91n
Po-lo-mi-to, see Pāramitā
P’o-t’ou, Mount, see Shuang-feng, Mount
Practice, formless verse of, 159–61
Prajñā, 3, 33, 94, 115, 117, 128, 135, 140–41, 143–44, 147–48, 150, 152–53, 178; identity with dhyāna, 33, 94, 115
Prajñāpāramitā, 102, 118, 149–50
Prajñāpāramitā Sutras, 13, 34, 41, 49, 94, 117–18
Prajñātāra (Indian Patriarch), 9, 29, 50–51, 102
Pratyekabuddha, 82
Preaching concerning Prajñāpāramitā, 118
Precepts of Formlessness, see Formless Precepts
“Priest Chin,” see Wu-hsiang
“Priest Tang,” see Ch’u-chi
P’u-chi, 14n, 19n, 20–23, 26, 28–29, 31–32, 37, 39n; death of, 36; head of Northern School of Ch’an, 46, 58
P’u-t’i ta-mo Nan-tsung shih-fei lun, 24–25n, 26, 29, 40, 68n
Puṇyamitra (Indian Patriarch), 9, 29n, 49, 102
Puṇyayaśas (Indian Patriarch), 8–9, 179
Pure Land, see Buddhism: Pure Land School
Rāhulata (Indian Patriarch), 8–9, 179
Repentance (ch’an-hui), 144–45; see also Formless repentance
Saddharmapuṇḍarīka Sutra, 22
Śākyamuni, see Buddha
Samādhi, 83, 115, 172; of one form, 83; of oneness, 83, 115, 136; prajñā, 149, 153
Samhhogakāya, see Buddha
San-chan, 160n
Śaṇavāsa (Indian Patriarch), 6n, 9, 29, 45, 48, 50–51, 72, 102, 179
Sangha, 145
Saṅghānandi (Indian Patriarch), 8–9, 179
Saṅgharakṣa (Indian Patriarch), 6n, 8–9, 29, 102, 179
Seeing and not-seeing, 169
Seeking forgiveness (ch’an), 144
Self, 136n
Self-nature, 158–59, 164–65, 171–73, 174–75, 180–81
Seng-k’o, see Hui-k’o
Seng-ts’an (Third Patriarch), 7, 11–14, 19, 23, 27, 38, 50, 179; verse of, 177
Sentient beings, 180
Seven Buddhas of the Past, 9, 45–46, 48, 103, 179
Shan-chien Temple, 71
Shan-chih-shih, 126n
Shan-ku Temple, 50
Shan-pei Temple, 38
Shao-chou, 27
Shao-lin ssu pei, 7n
Shao-lin Temple, 7n, 11, 15, 18, 22
Shen-hsiu, 5n, 7, 15–16, 18–23, 27–29, 31, 38, 39n, 42, 58, 65, 66, 74, 77, 81, 130–31, 163; head of Northern School of Ch’an, 19, 23, 41, 46, 162–63; biography of, 66; verse of, 130–32; Hui-neng’s triumph over, 93, 132–33
Shen-hui, 9, 23–57 passim, 58–59, 67, 68n, 69–70, 73, 91n, 93, 97, 112, 129, 169–70, 174; texts, 24-25n; Discourses of, 32; raises Hui-neng to Sixth Patriarch, 38, 58; initiates conflict between North and South, 45; school of, 47, 59, 89–90, 97; parallels in work of Huineng, 93–95
Shen-hui ho-shang i-chi (Hu Shih), 24–25n
Shen-hui yü-lu (Suzuki text), 24–25n, 41–42, 68n, 70, 133n, 135n
Shih-chüeh, 143n
Shih-hsin, 151n
Shih-o, 157n
Shih-tzu hsieh-mo chuan, see Lì-tai fa-pao chi
Shōshitsu rokumon, 21n
Shuang-feng, Mount, 3n, 13, 15, 17
Shuo-t’ung, 159n
Siṁha bhikṣu (Twenty-fourth Patriarch), 6, 8–9, 39n, 72, 179
Sitting in meditation, see Meditation
Six consciousnesses, 171
Six heavens of the world of desire, 159
Six thieves, 153
Sixth Patriarch, see Hui-neng
Sohō, 70n
Sōkei daishi betsuden, 70–77, 101, 105–6
Soul, 136n
Śrāvaka, 82
Storehouse consciousness, 171
Śubhamitra (Indian Patriarch), 9, 29–30, 40, 45, 48, 102, 179
Sudden Doctrine of the Great Perfection of Wisdom, 111, 114, 120, 125, 150n
Sudden Enlightenment, 115–16, 133, 163, 179
Sudden Teaching, 67, 115–16, 137, 153, 155, 157, 161, 163, 180–81
Sumeru, Mount, 158
Sung Chih-wen, 78
Sung Ching, 78
Sung kao-seng chuan, 36, 64, 65, 70, 78
Supreme Dharma Treasure, 71
Supreme Vehicle, 61, 81, 120, 152, 166, 168–69
Suzuki, D. T., xii, 24n, 25n, 41, 90n, 94
Ta-chao ch’an-shih t’a-ming, 14n, 23n
Ta-ch’eng ch’i-hsin lun, 115, 116
“Ta-chi ch’an-shih,” see Ma-tsu
Ta-chih, see I-fu
Ta-chih ch’an-shih pei-ming, 23n
Ta-fan Temple, 81, 93, 97, 111, 125
Ta-jung, 75
Ta-mo ch’an-shih lun, see Leng-chia yao-i
Ta-mo lun, see Leng-chia yao-i
Ta-mo-to-lo ch’an-ching, 6, 8, 30, 40, 48
“Ta-t’ung ch’an-shih,” see Shen-hsiu
Ta-yü, Mount, 109
Ta-yün Temple, 26
T’an 125n
T’an-ching, 9
T’an ching, 81
T’an-lin, 21
T’ang ho-shang, see Ch’u-chi
Tao, 79, 82, 84–85, 136, 140; see also Way, the
Tao-an, see Lao-an
Tao-heng, 12
Tao-hsin (Fourth Patriarch), 3n, 7, 11–14, 19, 23, 27, 28, 39n, 46, 50, 179; verse of, 177
Tao-tsung, Emperor, 52
Tao-yü, 8
Taoism, 22, 35; opposition to Buddhism, 1
Taste, 171
Tathāgata, see Buddha
Te-ch’un Temple, 43
Te-i, 107
Te-tsung, Emperor, 38n
Teaching, Ch’an methods of, 112–14
“Teaching of the East Mountain,” 3n, 50
Ten evils, 157
Tendai, see T’ien-t’ai
Three evil ways, 130
Three-fold body of the Buddha, 118
Three obstacles, 160
Three poisons, 148, 158–59, 180–81
Three Vehicles, 166
Third Patriarch, see Seng-ts’an
Thirty-six confrontations of activity, 170–73
Ti-i-wu, 135n
Tieh, 33
T’ien-kung Temple, 16
T’ien-t’ai School, 2, 6, 37, 48, 55
Ting, see Meditation
“Transmission verses” of Patriarchs, 49, 51, 84, 120, 176–78
Tripitaka: Northern Sung, 52; Chin, 52; Ming, 107
True-false moving-quiet, verse of, 175
True Reality, 139, 149, 151, 152, 175, 180
Ts’ao-ch’i, 69, 70–76 passim, 86, 90, 162–70 passim, 182
Tso-ch’an, see Meditation: sitting in
Tso-ch’i Hsüan-lang, 38–39, 61
Tsu-t’ang chi, 3n, 10n, 51, 53, 54, 70, 170n
Ts’un-chung, 101
Tsung-ching lu, 25
Tsung-mi, 37–38, 46, 47, 53, 56, 77, 103
Tsung-t’ung 159n
Tun-huang, xii, 12, 21n; documents, 19, 24, 25n, 30, 39
Tun-wu wu-shang pan-jo sung, 24–25n
Tung-shan fa-men (School of the East Mountain), 3n, 50
T’ung-kuang, 37
T’ung shang-jen, 107
Twelve entrances, 170n
Twenty-fourth Patriarch, see Siṃha bhikṣu
“Two Entrances and Four Categories of Conduct (Ehr-ju ssu-hsing),” 9n, 10n, 21
Tzu-tsai, 44
Ui Hakuju, 89, 92n, 97–98, 105
Uich’ŏ, 52n
Ultimate Enlightenment (bodhi), 84, 130–32, 135, 148, 153, 159–61, 166–67
Upagupta (Indian Patriarch), 6n, 8–9, 29, 45, 48, 72, 102, 179
Vasubandhu (Indian Patriarch), 8–9, 179
Vasumitra, 6n, 8–9, 30, 40, 45, 48, 102
Vimalakīrti Sutra, 22, 44, 93, 115, 137, 139, 141, 175n
Vinaya, 37
Wei Ch’ü, 75, 81, 86, 111, 118, 125, 126n, 154–58, 159n, 182
Wei Li-chin, 75
Wen-hsien t’ung-k’ao, 104
Wen-yüan, see Ch’ao
Chiung Western Land, 157–59; see also Buddhism: Pure Land School
Wind, and flag, 80
Wisdom (hui), 135, 137, 147, 167; Great Perfection of, 146
Wisdom, intuitive, see Prajñā
Wondrous Law, wheel of, 81
Wu, Emperor (Chou), 12
Wu, Emperor (Liang), 27, 41, 93, 118, 155
Wu, Empress, 1, 16–18, 22, 31, 35, 42, 43, 66–67
“Wu-chi ta-shih,” see Shih-t’ou Hsi-ch’ien
Wu-hsiang (Chin ho-shang), 43–46
Wu-nien, see No-thought
Wu-tsung, Emperor, 56
Wu-wei, 67
Yanagida Seizan, 51
Yang Chien, 87
Yang Ch’ung-ching, General, 76
Yao-shan Wei-yen, 91n
Yin-tsung, 60–61, 65, 67, 69, 73–74, 77, 81–82, 88
Yin-yüan fu fa-tsang chuan, 40
Ying-shih, 159n
Yü-ch’üan, Mount, 15n
Yü-ch’üan Temple, 15, 16, 18, 22, 72, 162–63
Yuan ch’an-shih, 71
Yüan-chüeh ching ta-shu ch’ao, 36, 46, 77, 103
Yüan-ho Ling-chao, 87
Yüan-hui, 91n
Yüan-kuei, 18
Zen Buddhism, see Buddhism, Ch’an