REFERENCES

1. Richard Feynman, The Key to Science, Lecture at Cornell University, 1964 (www.youtube.com/watch?v=b240PGCMwV0)

2. William Gilbert, On the Loadstone and Magnetic Bodies, and On the Great Magnet the Earth, trans. P. Fleury Mottelay (New York: John Wiley and Sons, 1893)

3. P. A. M. Dirac, The Principles of Quantum Mechanics, 1893 (Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1958)

4. Galileo Galilei in Dialogue Concerning Two New Sciences 1638 (Prometheus Books 1991)

5. Letter from Périer to Pascal, 22 September 1648, in Blaise Pascal, Oeuvres complètes (Paris: Éditions du Seuil, Paris, 1964)

6. Royal Society archive: ‘Letter of Benjamin Franklin Esq. to Mr. Peter Collinson F. R. S. concerning an Electrical Kite. Read at R.S. 21 Decemb. 1752. Ph. Trans. XLVII. p. 565’

7. Joseph Black and John Robison, Lectures on the Elements of Chemistry (Longman and Rees, London, 1803)

8. Quoted in Andrew Carnegie, James Watt (Doubleday, Page & Company, New York, 1905)

9. Antoine Lavoisier, Mémoires of the French Academy (1786)

10. J. L. E. Dreyer (ed.), The Scientific Papers of Sir William Herschel, 2 vols (The Royal Society, London, 1912)

11. Clifford Cunningham, ‘William Herschel and the First Two Asteroids’ in The Minor Planet Bulletin (Dance Hall Observatory, Ontario, 11:3, 1984)

12. J. J. Berzelius, Essai sur la théorie des proportions chimiques (Paris, 1819)

13. Lucretius, The Nature of Things (trans. A. E. Stallings, Penguin Books, London, 2007)

14. Charles Darwin, Voyage of the Beagle (Penguin Books, London, 1989; first published 1839)

15. Ibid.

16. Louis Agassiz, ‘Discours prononce a l’ouverture des seances Société Helvétique des Sciences Naturelles’, address delivered at the opening of the Helvetic Natural History Society, at Neuchâtel, 24 July 1837 (The Edinburgh New Philosophical Journal v.24, Oct. 1837–April 1838, pp.364–383)

17. Louis Agassiz, Études sur les Glaciers (Jent et Gassmann, Neuchâtel, 1(3) 122, 1840)

18. John Tyndall, Light and electricity, notes of two courses of lectures before the Royal Institution of Great Britain (D. Appleton and Co., New York, 1883)

19. Thomas Lefroy, Memoir of Chief Justice Lefroy (Hodges, Foster & Co., Dublin, 1871)

20. Crawford Long, An account of the first use of Sulphuric Ether by Inhalation as an Anaesthetic in Surgical Operations (Southern Medical and Surgical Journal, vol. 5, 705–713, 1849)

21. Letter to the editor of the Medical Times and Gazette, September 1854

22. Ibid.

23. Louis Pasteur, Methode pour prevenir la rage apres morsure (C. R. Acad. Sci. 101, 765–774, 1885) quoted at: www.historylearningsite.co.uk/a-history-of-medicine/louis-pasteur/

24. Reprinted in R. S. Shankland, ‘Michelson–Morley experiment’ (American Journal of Physics, 31(1), 1964)

25. Quoted at: http://web.archive.org/web/20090925102542/ http://chem.ch.huji.ac.il/history/hertz.htm

26. Lord Rayleigh, ‘The Density of Gases in the Air and the Discovery of Argon’, Nobel Lecture, 12 December 1904

27. Sir William Ramsay, ‘The Rare Gases of the Atmosphere’, Nobel Lecture, 12 December 1904

28. J. J. Thomson, ‘On the Masses of the Ions in Gases at Low Pressures’ (Philosophical Magazine, 5:48, No.295, pp.547–567 (page 565), December 1899)

29. Antoine H. Becquerel, ‘On radioactivity, a new property of matter’, Nobel Lecture, 11 December 1903

30. Philipp E. A. Lenard, ‘On Cathode Rays’, Nobel Lecture, 28 May 1906

31. Robert A. Millikan, ‘The electron and the light-quant from the experimental point of view’, Nobel Lecture, 23 May 1924

32. Ivan Pavlov, ‘Physiology of Digestion’, Nobel Lecture, 12 December 1904

33. Ibid.

34. William Lawrence Bragg, ‘The diffraction of X-rays by crystals’, Nobel Lecture, 6 September 1922

35. Clinton J. Davisson, ‘The discovery of electron waves’, Nobel Lecture, 13 December 1937

36. Alexander Fleming, ‘Penicillin’, Nobel Lecture, 11 December 1945

37. Ibid.

38. Albert Szent-Györgye, ‘Oxidation, energy transfer, and vitamins’, Nobel Lecture, 11 December 1937

39. Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin, ‘X-Ray Photographs of Crystalline Pepsin’, in Nature, 133, 795, 1934

40. Frédéric Joliot and Irène Joliot-Curie, ‘Artificial Production of Radioactive Elements’, Nobel Lecture, 12 December 1935

41. Frédéric Joliot, ‘Chemical evidence of the transmutation of elements’, Nobel Lecture, 12 December 1935

42. Otto Hahn, ‘From the natural transmutations of uranium to its artificial fission’, Nobel Lecture, 13 December 1946

43. Enrico Fermi, ‘Fermi’s Own Story’, in The First Reactor (United States Department of Energy, DOE/NE-0046, pp.25–26, 1982)

44. Linus Pauling, The Nature of the Chemical Bond (Cornell UP, 1939)

45. Milly Dawson, ‘Martha Chase dies’, The Scientist, 20 August 2003

46. From the University of Cambridge Darwin Correspondence Project: http://www.darwinproject.ac.uk/letter/DCP-LETT-7471.xml

47. Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin, ‘The X-ray analysis of complicated molecules’, Nobel Lecture, 11 December 1964

48. Robert W. Wilson, ‘The Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation’, Nobel Lecture, 8 December 1978.

49. J. D. Hays, John Imbrie, N. J. Shackleton, Variations in the Earth’s Orbit: Pacemaker of the Ice Ages’ (Science, 194: 4270, pp. 1121–1132, 10 December 1976).

50. Laura Helmuth, ‘Watch Francis Collins Lunge for the Nobel Prize’, Slate, 4 November 2013