List of illustrations
1
The tide at Juneau, Alaska, on two consecutive days
2
The tide at Juneau in March 2017 with the phases of the Moon
3
Strandlines left by successive high tides
Photo: D.G. Bowers.
4
A small storm surge in New York harbour
5
The monthly motion of the Earth about the barycentre
6
The tidal forces created on the surface of the Earth by the Moon
7
The equilibrium tide
8
A standing wave created in a basin by an oscillating force
9
The response of an ocean basin to the Moon’s tide-generating force
10
(a) A sketch of a forced semi-diurnal tidal wave in a closed ocean basin in the northern hemisphere on a rotating Earth, represented as a co-tidal chart. (b) A co-tidal chart of the Moon’s tide in the North Atlantic Ocean
11
Tidal ellipses offshore and rectilinear flow in an estuary
12
Currents in a tidal river
13
Motion of a tagged seabird near Anglesey in Wales
14
A tidal harmonic
15
Hourly observations of water level at Juneau and the curve fitted by multiple regression on five harmonics
16
The S
2
harmonic at Juneau, Alaska
17
A tide-predicting machine
Courtesy of the National Oceanography Centre.
18
Principle of operation of a tide-predicting machine
Adapted with permission from J. Boon (2011).
Secrets of the Tide
. Woodhead. Copyright © 2011 Woodhead Publishing Limited. All rights reserved.
19
A progressive wave in shallow water
20
A standing wave produced by a perfect reflection of a progressive wave at a coastline
21
Co-tidal and co-range lines for the M
2
tide in the approaches to Adelaide, South Australia
Reproduced with permission from D. Bowers and G. Lennon (1990). Tidal progression in a near-resonant system—A case study from South Australia.
Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science
, 30(1): 17−34. Copyright © 1990 Published by Elsevier Ltd. <
https://doi.org/10.1016/0272-7714(90)90074
>-2.
22
The shape of the water surface in Investigator Strait and Gulf St Vincent at hourly intervals
23
(a) A sketch of an amphidromic system, created by a Kelvin wave reflected off the head of a bay in the southern hemisphere. (b) Co-tidal lines for the diurnal tide in the Gulf of Carpentaria
Adapted from D. J. Webb (2012). On the shelf resonances of the Gulf of Carpentaria and the Arafura Sea,
Ocean Science
, 8: 733−50. <
https://doi.org/10.5194/os-8-733-2012
>, 2012 © D. J. Webb 2012 (CC BY 2.0).
24
Double high water at Port Ellen in Scotland
25
A tidal bore (a) on the River Dee (UK) and secondary waves (b) behind the bore front
Photos: E.M. Roberts.
26
Funnelling and progressive distortion of an incoming tidal wave in an estuary
27
Bore on the River Seine before the 1960s
© Editions La Cigogne.
28
Formation of a tidal race
29
Turbulent exchange of parcels of water between layers in a tidal flow
30
Internal tides
(a) Photo: E.M. Roberts; (b) Photo: NASA.
31
The ocean thermohaline circulation
32
An illustration of a tidal whirlpool or maelstrom
Lebrecht Music & Arts / Alamy Stock Photo.
33
Variation of water temperature and depth in the Menai Strait, North Wales
34
A tidal mixing front
35
Brightness of the Irish Sea measured from space
Satellite data were received and processed by the NERC Earth Observation Data Acquisition and Analysis Service (NEODAAS) at Dundee University and Plymouth Marine Laboratory (<
www.neodaas.ac.uk
>). SeaWiFS data courtesy of the NASA SeaWiFS project and Orbital Sciences Corporation.
36
(a) A foam line down the middle of a well-mixed estuary on the flood tide; and (b) sketch of the process creating the axial convergence
(a) Photo: D.G. Bowers.
37
Power output and rotor speed for a small tidal electricity plant
38
(a) A cold-water coral reef; and (b) an Arctic sponge ground
Photos: Hans Tore Rapp, UiB.
39
Tidal processes affecting seabed light
40
Daily and spring-neap patterns in seabed light
41
Tidal amplification of seabed light
42
The length of the month and of the day plotted against the distance between the Earth and the Moon