Notes
1. Jeffry D. Wert, A Glorious Army, Robert E. Lee’s Triumph, 1862-1863 (New York: Simon and Schuster, 2011), pp. xi, 12, 277-295.
2. Robert Stiles, Four Years Under Marse Robert (Marietta, GA: R. Bemis Publishing Company, 1995), p. 26; Bradley M. Gottfried, Brigades of Gettysburg, The Union and Confederate Brigades at the Battle of Gettysburg (New York: Skyhorse Publishing, 2012), p. 410; Clint Johnson, Civil War Blunders, Winston-Salem: John F. Blair Publishers, 1997), pp. 40-45; Ezekiel Armstrong Diary, Mississippi Department Archives and History, Jackson, MS.
3. Stiles, Four Years Under Marse Robert, pp. 64-65.
4. Joseph A. Miller Diary, Fredericksburg and Spotsylvania National Military Parks, Fredericksburg, VA; Compiled Military Service Records of Confederate Soldiers Who Served from the State of Mississippi, National Archives, Washington, D.C.
5. Pinkney M. Lewis to family, May 13. 1864 icollector.com live auction, item no. 3098.
6. Stiles, Four Years Under Marse Robert, pp. 98, 129; CMSR, NA; John K. Bettersworth, YourMississippi (Austin: Steck-Vaughn Company, 1975), pp. 2-14.
7. Bettersworth, Your Mississippi, pp. 206-217; Stephen W. Sears, Gettysburg (New York: Houghton Mifflin Company, 2004), pp. 2, 15; Carl Sandburg, Abraham Lincoln, The War Years, 1861-1864 (3 vols: New York: Dell Publishing Company, 1960), vol. 2, pp. 287-288.
8. William C. Nelson Collection, Special Collections, University of Mississippi, Jackson, Mississippi.
9. Ibid.
10. CMSR, NA; William C. Davis, The Man And His Hour: A Biography (New York: HarperCollins, Publishers, 1992), pp.154-159; Mark Mayo Boatner, The Civil War Dictionary (New York: David McKay Company, 1959) pp. 43-44; Humphreys, General Barksdale Biographical Sketch, UNL; Byron Farwell, Ball’s Bluff: A Small Battle and Its Long Shadow (McLean: EPM Publications, Inc., 1990), pp. 32-33; Harold A. Cross, They Sleep Beneath the Mockingbird: Mississippi Burial Sites and Biographies of Confederate Generals, Journal of Confederate History Series, Vol. XII (Murfreesboro, TN: Southern Heritage Press, 1994), pp. 11-15; Stiles, Four Years Under Marse Robert, p. 129; Dinkins, 1861-1865, By An Old Johnnie, p. 86; Grady McWhiney and Perry D. Jamie-son, Attack and Die: Civil War Military Tactics and the Southern Heritage (Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press, 1990), pp. xiii; Glenn Tucker, High Tide At Gettysburg (Dayton, Ohio: Morningside Bookshop, 1983), p. 275; Bobby Roberts and Carl Moneyhon, Portraits of Conflict: A Photographic History of Mississippi in the Civil War (Fayetteville: The University of Arkansas Press, 1993), p. 20.
11. William C. Davis, Jefferson Davis: The Man and His Hour, A Biography (New York: HarperPerennial, 1992), p. 159.
12. Ibid; CMSR, NA; Farwell, Ball’s Bluff, pp. 32-33, 130; Boatner, The Civil War Dictionary, pp. 43-44; Cross, They Sleep Beneath the Mockingbird, pp. 11-15, 20-21; Stiles, Four Years Under Marse Robert, p. 95; Humphreys, General Barksdale Biographical Sketch, UNL; Campfires and Battlefields: A Pictorial Narrative of the Civil War (New York: The Civil War Press, 1967), p. 259; Clifford Dowdey, Death of a Nation, The Story of Lee And His Men at Gettysburg (New York: Knopf Publishers, 1958), pp. 217-218; Bell Irvin Wiley, Embattled Confederates: An Illustrated History of Southerners at War (New York: Harper & Row, 1964), p. 7; Tucker, HighTide at Gettysburg, p. 275; Douglas Southall Freeman, Lee’s Lieutenants: Cedar Mountain to Chancellorsville (3 vols., New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1971), vol. 2, p. 332; Gottfried, Brigades of Gettysburg, p. 410; Roberts and Moneyhon, Portraits of Conflict, p. 46.
13. Moore, A Life for the Confederacy, p. 114; McNeily, Barksdale’s Mississippi Brigade at Gettysburg, p. 236.
14. Mississippians in the Confederate Army, website, internet
15. Joseph A. Miller Diary, Fredericksburg and Spotsylvania National Military Park, Fredericksburg, VA.
16. CMSR, NA; Humphreys, General Barksdale Biographical Sketch, UNL; Gottfried, Brigades of Gettysburg, p. 410.
17. Ezekiel Pickens Miller Diary, Fredericksburg and Spotsylvania National Military Park, Fredericksburg, VA; CMSR, NA; Gottfried, Brigades at Gettysburg, p. 410; Wert, A Glorious Army, pp. xi, 277-295.
18. John F. Henley, “Drove the Enemy Back,” Fredericksburg and Spotsylvania National Military Park, Fredericksburg, VA.
19. Ibid; CMSR, NA.
20. CMSR, NA.
21. Ibid; Ezekiel Pickens Miller and Joseph A. Miller Diaries, Fredericksburg and Spotsylvania National Military Park, Fredericksburg, VA.
22. Joseph A. Miller Diary, FSNMP.
23. Ibid.
24. CMSR, NA.
25. Ibid; Joseph A. Miller Diary, FSNMP.
26. Joseph A. Miller Diary, FSNMP.
27. CMSR, NA; Frank Allen Dennis, editor, Kemper County Rebel: The Civil War Diary of Robert Masten Holmes, C.S.A. (Jackson, MS: University and College Press of Mississippi, 1973), pp. xi, 3-5; Robert K. Krick, Lee’s Colonels: A Biographical Register of the Field Officers of the Army of Northern Virginia (Dayton, Ohio: Morningside Bookshop, 1992), p. 85; Shelby Foote, The Civil War, A Narrative: Fredericksburg to Meridian, vol. 2 (3 vols., New York: Random House, 1963), p. 26; Bettersworth, Your Mississippi, pp. 214.
28. Thurman Early Hendricks Memoir, Mississippi Department of Archives and History, Jackson, MS; CMSR, NA.
29. Ibid; CMSR, NA; John F. Henley undated newspaper articles from the Aberdeen Examiner, Mississippi, Fredericksburg and Spotsylvania National Military Park.
30. Wilbur Sturtevant Nye, Here Come The Rebels! (Dayton: Morningside Bookshop: 1988), p. 21; McWhiney, Cracker Culture, p. xxxii; Mississippians in the Confederate Army, website.
31. Nye, Here Come The Rebels!, p. 21.
32. Ibid.
33. Ibid.
34. Henley, “On the Way to Gettysburg,” FSNAMP.
35. Joseph A. Miller Diary, Fredericksburg and Spotsylvania National Military Park, Fredericksburg, VA; Ezekiel Armstrong, Mississippi Department Archives and History, Jackson, MS; Robert E. May, John A. Quitman, Old South Crusader (Baton Rouge, LA: Louisiana State University Press, 1985), pp. 84-95; Farwell, Ball’s Bluff, p. 89; Krick, Lee’s Colonels, pp. 34, 195; CMSR, NA; Moore, A Life For The Confederacy, p. 16; McNeily, “Barksdale’s Mississippi Brigade at Gettysburg,” PMHS, p. 260; Roberts and Moneyhon, Portraitsof Conflict, pp. 52, 68; Holder, Bowles, Limerick, Stuart and Related Families, Rootsweb, internet; Bettersworth, Our Mississippi, pp. 5, 10, 12; John F. Henley, “Drove the Enemy Back,” “One the Way to Gettysburg,” and “The Career of a Soldier,” Fredericksburg and Spotsylvania National Military Park, Fredericksburg, VA; Bettersworth, Your Mississippi, pp. 2, 174, 176, 181.
36. Moore, A Life For The Confederacy, pp. 54, 66-67, 82.
37. Joseph A. Miller Diary, FSNMP.
38. Ezekiel Armstrong Diary, Mississippi Department of Archives and History, Jackson, MS.
39. Joseph A. Miller Diary, FSNMP.
40. Compiled and edited Charles Kelly Barrow and J. H. Segars and Robert B. Rosenburg, “Forgotten Confederates: An Anthology About Black Southerners,” Journal of Confederate History Series, Volume XIV (1995), pp. 23, 117.
41. CMSR, NA; Ronald S. Coddington, African American Faces of the Civil War: An Album (Baltimore: The John Hopkins University Press, 2012), p. 51.
42. William Meshack Abernathy Manuscript, “‘Our Mess: Southern Army Gallantry and Privations, 1861-1865,” Mississippi Department of Archives and History, Jackson, MS; CMSR, NA; Tim Newark, Highlander, The History of the Legendary Highland Soldier (New York: Skyhorse Press, 2009), p. 18.
43. CMSR, NA; Abernathy Manuscript, MDAH; Bettersworth, Your Mississippi, p. 184.
44. CMSR, NA; Davis, Jefferson Davis, pp. 154-159.
45. William C. Nelson to Maria, January 15, 1862; UM; Hawley, “Barksdale’s Mississippi Brigade at Fredericksburg,” CWH, p. 17.
46. William C. Nelson to James H. Nelson, October 17, 1862, UM.
47. Ezekiel Armstrong Diary, MDAH; CMSR, NA.
48. Abernathy Manuscript, MDAH.
49. CMSR; Krick, Lee’s Colonels, pp. 77, 169; Farwell, Ball’s Bluff, pp. 96, 134-135.
50. Dinkins, Personal Experiences and Experiences in the Confederate Army, p. 86.
51. Dinkins, Personal Recollections and Experiences in the Confederate Army, pp. vii, 17, 24-25, 27, 27-28, 73-74, 77-78.
52. Ibid., pp. 37, 49, 87-88; McNeily, “Barksdale’s Mississippi Brigade at Gettysburg,” PMHS, p. 261; CMSR; George Alphonso Gibbs, “war is … a dirty, bloody mess,’ With a Mississippi Private in a Little Known Part Of the Battle of First Bull Run and at Ball’s Bluff,” Civil War Times Illustrated, Vol. 4, No. 1 (April 1965), pp. 42-43; Bettersworth, Your Mississippi, pp. 3, 13-14.
53. Dinkins, 1861-1865, By an old Johnnie, pp. 3-4, 17, 25.
54. J.E.B. Trammell, Jackson, Mississippi, Family Papers; CMSR, NA; J.E.B. Trammell email to author, September 18, 2012; “Narrative of Berkeley Green,” June 27, 1863, J.E.B. Trammel Family Papers..
55. J.E.B, Trammell Family Papers.
56. “Narrative of Berkeley Green,” June 27, 1863, J.E. B. Trammel Family Papers.
57. J.E.B. Trammell Family Papers.
58. Ibid.
59. “Narrative of Berkeley Green,” June 27, 1863, J.E.B. Trammell Family Papers.
60. Ibid.
61. Ibid.
62. Ibid.
63. Oscar Ewing Stuart letter to Annie E. Stuart, December 17, 1862, J.E.B. Trammell Family Papers.
64. ”Narrative of Berkeley Green,” June 27, 1863, J.E.B. Trammell Family Papers.
65. John A. Barksdale to Oscar J. E. Stuart, June 29, 1863, J.E.B. Trammell Family Papers; CMSR, NA.
66. J.E.B. Trammell Family Papers; CMSR, NA
67. Ibid., pp. 39, 41, 71; William Miller Owen, In Camp And Battle With The Washington Artillery (Dayton: Morningside, 1972) pp. 215, 231; Biographical Files of Mississippi Soldiers, Mississippi Department of History and Archives, Jackson, Mississippi; CMSR, NA.
68. Perry Lee Rainwater, editor, “The Autobiography of Benjamin Grubb Humphreys,” MississippiValley Historical Review (September 1934), vol. 20, pp. 244-245.
69. Wert, A Glorious Army, p. 16; CMSR; Boatner, The Civil War Dictionary, pp. 417-418; Cross, They Sleep Beneath the Mockingbird, pp. 36-38; Rochingham Post-Dispatch, Richmond County, North Carolina, November 30, 1949; “History of Itta Bena (Leflore County) Mississippi,” History50States.com, internet; The Delta General, August 2010, vol. 13, issue 8, Brig. Gen. Benjamin G. Humphreys, Mississippi Division, Sons of Confederate Veterans.
70. Cross, They Sleep Beneath the Mockingbird, pp. 38-39.
71. Dinkins, 1861-1865, By An Old Johnnie, p. 34.
72. Farwell, Ball’s Bluff, pp. 33-34, 39, 75, 96, 108, 130, 146-47; Stephen W. Sears, To The Gates of Richmond, The Peninsula Campaign (New York: Ticknor & Fields, 1992), p. 332; Bell I. Wiley, The Life of Johnny Reb, The Common Soldier of the Confederacy (Baton Rouge, Louisiana: Louisiana State University Press, 1978), p. 56; Cross, They Sleep Beneath the Mockingbird, p. 12; Abernathy Manuscript, MDAH; CMSR, NA; Bettersworth, Our Mississippi, pp. 10-11; Thomas P. Lowry, The Story The Soldiers Wouldn’t Tell (Mechanicsburg: Stackpole Books, 1994 ), pp. 70-71.
73. Joseph A. Miller Diary, FSNMP.
74. John F. Henley, “Winter Quarters at Leesburg,” Fredericksburg and Spotsylvania National Military Park, Fredericksburg, Virginia.
75. Guy R. Everson and Edward W. Simpson, Jr., “Far, Far from Home,” The War-time Letters of Dick and Tally Simpson, 3rd South Carolina Volunteers (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1994), p. 213; Stiles, Four Years Under Marse Robert, pp. 139, 143; Annals of the War, pp. 191-201; Joseph A. Miller Diary, FSNMP; CMSR, NA; Gottfried, Brigades of Gettysburg, p. 410.
76. Piston, Lee’s Tarnished Lieutenant, p. 40.
77. Ibid; Davis, Jefferson Davis, pp. 154-159; Gottfried, Brigades of Gettysburg, p. 410.
78. Wert, A Glorious Army, p. 65.
79. William Cowper Nelson to Maria, January 15, 1863, UM.
80. St. Clair A . Mulholland, The Story of the 116th Regiment, Pennsylvania Infantry (Gaithersburg: Old Soldier Books, Inc., n.d.), p. 54.
81. CMSR, NA.
82. Oscar Ewell Stuart to Ann L. Hardeman, February 20, 1862, Trammell Family Papers.
83. Ibid.
84. Nye, Here Come The Rebels!, pp. 6-20; Davis, Jefferson Davis, pp. 504-505.
85. Davis, Jefferson Davis, pp. 503-505.
86. Wert, A Glorious Army, pp. 212-213.
87. Dick Stanley, “13th Mississippi Infantry Regiment, Correspondence,” August 12, 2011, internet.
88. Wert, A Glorious Army, pp. 213-214, 219; Nye, Here Come The Rebels!, pp. 6-20; Davis, Jefferson Davis, pp. 504-505; Henley, “On the Way to Gettysburg,” FSNMP.
89. Dick Stanley, “13th Mississippi Infantry Regiment, Correspondence,” August 20, 2011, internet.
90. Wert, A Glorious Army, p. 204; Thomas, Robert E. Lee, p. 289; McWhiney and Jamieson, Attack and Die, pp. 1-88.
91. Thomas, Robert E. Lee, pp. 292-293.
92. Ibid; Wert, A Glorious Army, p. 212.
93. Ibid., p. 223.
94. Dick Stanley, “13th Mississippi Infantry Regiment, Correspondence,” September 6, 2011, internet; Gottfried, Brigades of Gettysburg, p. 410.
95. Wert, A Glorious Army, pp. 225-228; Sears, Gettysburg, p. 502.
96. Ken Allers, Jr., The Fog of Gettysburg: The Myths and Mysteries of the Battle (Naperville: Cumberland House, 2008), pp. 43-44; CMSR, NA; Wert, A Glorious Army, pp. 230-231.
97. Allers, The Fog of Gettysburg, pp. 43-44; Coddington, The Gettysburg Campaign, pp. 180-181; Thomas, Robert E. Lee, p. 292; Wert, A Glorious Army, pp. 230-231.
98. Dick Stanley, “13th Mississippi Infantry Regiment, Correspondence,” August 28, 2011, internet.
99. Thomas, Robert E. Lee, p. 293.
100. Walter Harrison, Pickett’s Men, A Fragment of War History (Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 2000), pp. 23, 103; Kathy Georg Harrison and John W. Busey, Nothing But Glory: Pickett’s Division at Gettysburg (Gettysburg: Thomas Publications, 1993), pp. 259.
101. Dick Stanley, “13th Mississippi Infantry Regiment, Correspondence,” September 6, 2011, internet.
102. Allers, The Fog of Gettysburg, pp. 45, 47, 58-59; Wert, A Glorious Army, pp, 231-232; Thomas, Robert E. Lee, pp. 292-294.
103. Jones, Civil War Command and Strategy, p. 168; Sandburg, Abraham Lincoln: The War Years, vol. 2, pp. 280-282, 351-354; Thomas, Robert E. Lee, p. 293; Wert, A Glorious Army, pp.232-233; Allers, The Fog of Gettysburg, pp.43-44.
104. Sears, Gettysburg, pp. 506-507; Thomas, Robert E. Lee, p. 293; Jones, Civil War Command and Strategy, p. 168.
105. Early, Narrative of the War Between the States, p. 269; Hunt, “The First Day at Gettysburg,” in Battles and Leaders, Vol. III, p. 282; Wert, A Glorious Army, pp. 245, 250.
106. Hood, Advance and Retreat, p. 57; Wert, A Glorious Army, p. 251.
107. Gottfried, Brigades of Gettysburg, p. 411; Henley, “On the Way to Gettysburg,” GNMP.
108. Frank Aretas Haskell, The Battle of Gettysburg (Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1969), pp. 2-3, 59; Noah Andre Trudeau, Gettysburg, A Testing of Courage (New York: Harper Collins, 2002), pp. 279-282.
109. Haskell, The Battle of Gettysburg, pp. 2-3, 59; Trudeau, Gettysburg, p. 279; Sears, Gettysburg, pp. 501-504, 236-237; Thomas, Robert E. Lee, pp. 288-289, 296-297; Wert, A Glorious Army, pp. 247, 249.
110. Haskell, The Battle of Gettysburg, pp. 5-6.
111. Ibid., p. 18.
112. Ibid.
113. Ibid., pp. 2-6; Wert, A Glorious Army, pp. 247, 251, 257; Trudeau, Gettysburg, p. 279.
114. Harry W. Pfanz, The Battle of Gettysburg, National Park Civil War Series (Washington, D.C.: Eastern National Park and Monument Association, 1994), pp. 33-34.
115. Henley, “On the Way to Gettysburg,” GNMP; Wert, A Glorious Army, pp. 251, 253-254; Harry W. Pfanz, Gettysburg: The Second Day (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1987), p. 82.
116. Henley, “On the Way to Gettysburg,” GNMP; Wert, A Glorious Army, pp. 254-256; Trudeau, Gettysburg, pp. 297, 312, 321; James I. Robertson, Jr., General A.P. Hill, The Story of a Confederate Warrior (New York: Random House, 1992), pp. 8-17; Pfanz, Gettysburg, The Second Day, pp. 113, 115; Gottfried, Brigades of Gettysburg, p. 411.
117. Humphreys to McLaws, January 6, 1875, UNCL; Henley, “On the Way to Gettysburg,” GNMP; Haskell, The Battle of Gettysburg, pp. 35-36; Trudeau, Gettysburg, pp. 292-293, 318, 321; Pfanz, Gettysburg: The Second Day, pp. 82, 94, 151; Gottfried, Brigades of Gettysburg, pp. 411, 696.
118. Trudeau, Gettysburg, p. 318; Wert, A Glorious Army, p. 257.
119. Edward Porter Alexander, Fighting for the Confederacy (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1989), pp. 236-237; Trudeau, Gettysburg, p. 297; Wert.
120. Annuals of the War (Edison: The Blue & Grey Press, 1996), p. 457; Wert, A Glorious Army, pp. 255-257; Trudeau, Gettysburg, pp. 279; 297.
121. CMSR, NA; Henley, “On the Way to Gettysburg,” GNMP; Dinkins, Personal Recollections and Experiences in the Confederate Army, p. 42; McNeily, “Barksdale’s Mississippi Brigade at Gettysburg,” PMSH; p. 233; Trudeau, Gettysburg, pp. 314, 321; Earl S. Miers and Richard A. Brown, Gettysburg (Armonk: M. E. Sharpe, Inc., 1996), pp. 41, 68-69, 84; Wert, A Glorious Army, pp. 256-257; Gottfried, Brigades of Gettysburg, p. 411; Pfanz, Gettysburg, The Second Day, pp. 94, 500-505.
122. Trudeau, Gettysburg, p. 321.
123. Wert, A Glorious Army, p. 234; Trudeau, Gettysburg, p. 112.
124. Humphreys to McLaws, January 6, 1878, UNCL; Trudeau, Gettysburg, p. 321; CMSR, NA.
125. Dinkins, Personal Recollections and Experiences in the Confederate Army, pp. 47, 49-50; Moore, A Life For The Confederacy, p. 69; Humphreys to McLaws, January 6, 1878, UNCL; Miers and Brown, Gettysburg, p. 89; CMSR, NA.
126. Henry Robinson Berkeley Diary, Virginia Historical Society, Richmond, VA.
127. Oscar Ewing Stuart to Annie E. Stuart, December 17, 1861, Trammell Family Papers.
128. Dinkins, Personal Recollections and Experiences in the Confederate Army, pp. 70-71.
129. Ibid., pp. 56, 70-71.
130. Ibid., p. 78; Moore, A Life for the Confederacy, p. 134; A.P. Andrews, “Gallantry At Gettysburg: An Act of Courageous Deeds of the Mississippi Brigades Commanded by William Barksdale and Joseph R. Davis,” Gettysburg National Military Park Archives, Gettysburg, Pennsylvania; Trudeau, Gettysburg, p. 112; Pfanz, Gettysburg: The Second Day, p. 301.
131. Dinkins, Personal Recollections and Experiences in the Confederate Army, p. 78.
132. Harrison, Pickett’s Men, p. 73.
133. Dinkins, Personal Recollections and Experiences in the Confederate Army, p. 78; John B. Gordon, Reminiscences of the Civil War (New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1904), p. 142.
134. Ibid., pp. 52-53.
135. Ibid., p. 78.
136. Dick Stanley, “13th Mississippi Infantry Regiment, Correspondence,” August 20, 2011, internet.
137. Rockingham Post-Dispatch, November 30, 1949; Moore, A Life For The Confederacy, pp. 133, 146-147; Edwin C. Bearss, Grant Strikes a Fatal Blow: The Campaign for Vicksburg, vol. 2 (3 vols: Dayton: Morningside Bookshop, 1986), pp. 348-349
138. Dick Stanley, “13th Mississippi Infantry Regiment, Correspondence,” August 8, 2011, internet.
139. Ibid., pp. 588-595; CMSR, NA; Trudeau, Gettysburg, p. 321.
140. Dick Stanley, “13th Mississippi Infantry Regiment, Correspondence,” August 20, 2011.
141. Trudeau, Gettysburg, p. 321; Haskell, The Battle of Gettysburg, p. 35; Thomas Keneally, American Scoundrel: The Life of the Notorious Civil War General Dan Sickles (New York: Doubleday, 2002), p. 279.
142. Haskell, The Battle of Gettysburg, pp. 22, 35-36; Trudeau, Gettysburg, pp. 294, 313-314.
143. Allers, The Fog of Gettysburg, pp. 96-97; Trudeau, Gettysburg, pp. 294, 301; Wert, A Glorious Army, pp. 256-257; Pfanz, Gettysburg, The Second Day, pp. 124-125.
144. Trudeau, Gettysburg, pp. 294, 313-314; Wert, A Glorious Army, pp. 256-257; Keneally, American Scoundrel, 264.
145. Keneally, American Scoundrel, pp. 12-59, 280; Haskell, The Battle of Gettysburg, pp. 35-36; Pfanz, Gettysburg, The Second Day, p. 93.
146. Keneally, American Scoundrel, p. 280; Trudeau, Gettysburg, p. 367.
147. Haskell, The Battle of Gettysburg, p. 6.
148. Ibid., p. 36.
149. Wert, A Glorious Army, p. 257.
150. Trudeau, Gettysburg, pp. 295, 301.
151. Haskell, The Battle of Gettysburg, pp. 25-26; Thomas, Robert E. Lee, p. 288; Allers, The Fog of Gettysburg, p. 97.
152. Wert, A Glorious Army, p. 257.
153. Gordon, Reminiscences of the Civil War, p. 141; Alexander, Fighting for the Confederacy, p. 229; Nye, Here Come The Rebels!, pp. 3-6; Pfanz, Gettysburg: The Second Day, pp. 72, 128.
154. Dick Stanley, “13th Mississippi Infantry Regiment, Correspondence,” September 6, 2011.
155. William Henry Hill Diary, Mississippi Department of Archives and History, Jackson, MS.
156. CMSR, NA; J.W. Duke, “Mississippians at Gettysburg,” Confederate Veteran, vol. 14, p. 216; Pfanz, Gettysburg, The Second Day, p. 320.
157. Duke, “Mississippians at Gettysburg,” CV, p. 216; Sears, Gettysburg, p. 51; Pfanz, Gettysburg, The Second Day, p. 304.
158. Wert, A Glorious Army, p. 260; Duke, “Mississippians at Gettysburg,” CV, p. 216; Pfanz, Gettysburg, The Second Day, p. 320.
159. Duke, “Mississippians at Gettysburg,” CV, p. 216; Pfanz, Gettysburg, The Second Day, p. 304.
160. Pfanz, Gettysburg, The Second Day, p. 320.
161. Duke, “Mississippians at Gettysburg,” CV, p. 216.
162. Ibid.
163. Ibid; Pfranz, Gettysburg, The Second Day, pp. 304, 320; CMSR, NA.
164. Duke, “Mississippians at Gettysburg,” CV, p. 216; Trudeau, Gettysburg, p. 294.
165. Allers, The Fog of Gettysburg, p. 97; Keneally, American Scoundrel, pp. 278-279; Trudeau, Gettysburg, pp. 301, 313-314.
166. Johnson and Buel, eds., Battles and Leaders, vol. 3, pp. 296, 333; Trudeau, Gettysburg, pp. 314, 326; Pinchon, Dan Sickles, p. 198; Sears, Gettysburg, pp. 250-251, 507; Mac Wyckoff, AHistory of the 2nd South Carolina Infantry: 1861-1865 (Fredericksburg, Va.: Sergeant Kirkland’s, 1994), p. 78; Keneally, American Scoundrel, pp. 52-53, 71, 73; Edwin B. Coddington, The Gettysburg Campaign, A Study in Command (New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1968), pp. 397-398, 415; Miers and Brown, Gettysburg, p. 95; O.R., vol. 27, ser. 1, pt. 1, pp. 234-35, 558, 569; Edward Longacre, “‘The Soul of Our Artillery’: General Henry J. Hunt,” Civil War Times Illustrated, vol. 12, no. 3 (June 1973), pp. 42-43; Pfanz, Gettysburg, The Second Day, pp. 130-131, 133-135, 304-305.
167. Alexander, Fighting for the Confederacy, p. 238; Trudeau, Gettysburg, p. 20; Jeffery Wert, General James Longstreet, The Confederacy’s Most Controversial Soldier (New York: Touchstone Books, 1993), p. 274.
168. Love, William A., “Mississippi At Gettysburg,” Publications of the Mississippi Historical Society, vol. ix (1906), pp. 25-51; Pinchon, Dan Sickles, p. 200; Coddington, The Gettysburg Campaign, pp. 397-398; Carol Reardon, Pickett’s Charge in History and Memory (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1997), pp. 1-10, 154-213; Pfanz, Gettysburg, The Second Day, pp. 147-148,.
169. Gordon, Reminiscences Of The Civil War, p. 154.
170. Johnson and Buel, eds., Battles and Leaders, vol. 3, pp. 300-301; Haskell, The Battle of Gettysburg, pp. 35-36; Wert, A Glorious Army, p. 257; Trudeau, Gettysburg, p. 359.
171. William Henry Hill Diary, MDAH.
172. McNeily, “Barksdale’s Mississippi Brigade at Gettysburg,” PMHS, pp. 233-234, 256.
173. Dick Stanley, “13th Mississipi Infantry Regiment, Correspondence,” September 6, 2011.
174. Ibid; CMSR, NA.
175. ood, Advance and Retreat, p. 58; Longstreet, From Mannassas to Appomattox, p. 368; Wyckoff, A History of the 2nd South Carolina Infantry, p. 78; Johnson and Buel, eds., Battlesand Leaders, vol. 3, pp. 331-337.
176. Gerald J. Smith, “One of the Most Daring of Men,” The Life of Confederate General William Tatum Wofford (Murfreesboro: Confederate Heritage Press, 1997), pp. 1-21, 23-75, 81; Boatner, The Civil War Dictionary, p. 945; Wyckoff, A History of the 2nd South Carolina Infantry, p. 78; Alexander, Fighting for the Confederacy, p. 238; Humphreys to McLaws, UNCL; J. B. Polley, Hood’s Texas Brigade (Dayton: Morningside, 1988), pp. 19, 98, 101, 106, 117, and 122; Trudeau, Gettysburg, pp. 377, 379; Dowdey, Death of a Nation, p. 220; Pfanz, Gettysburg, The Second Day, p. 328
177. Alexander, Fighting for the Confederacy, pp. 238-239; Pfanz, Gettysburg, The Second Day, p. 303; Johnson and Buel, eds., Battles and Leaders, vol. 3, pp. 303-04; Jay Jorgensen, “ … I’ll go my arm, leg, or death on it”: Edward Porter Alexander, Confederate Cannoneer at Gettysburg, Gettysburg Magazine, no. 17 (n.d.), pp. 41-45; Trudeau, Gettysburg, p. 273.
178. Pfranz, Gettysburg, The Second Day, p. 320; Freeman, Lee’s Lieutenants, p. 117; Alexander, Fighting for the Confederacy, p. 238-249; W. C. Storrick, Gettysburg (Harrisburg: J. Horace McFarland Company, 1932), pp. 48-49; Wert, A Glorious Army, p. 258.
179. John S. Henley, “Career of a Veteran,” Fredericksburg and Spotsylvania National Military Park, Fredericksburg, Virginia; Pfranz, Gettysburg, The Second Day, pp. 152, 320.
180. Alexander, Fighting for the Confederacy, p. 240; Abernathy Manuscript, MDAH; Pfanz, Gettysburg, The Second Day, pp. 155-156, 303, 309-310; Jorgensen, Alexander, GM, p. 44; Trudeau, Gettysburg, pp. 328-329; Henry Woodhead, editor, Echoes of Glory, Arms and Equipment of the Confederacy (Alexandria: Time-Life Books, 1991), pp. 116-117.
181. Henley, “On the Way to Gettysburg,” FSNMP.
182. Owen, In Camp and Battle with the Washington Artillery, p. 244; Pfanz, Gettysburg, The Second Day, pp. 155, 309, 459; Jorgensen, Alexander, GM, pp. 44-46.
183. Alexander, “Artillery Fighting at Gettysburg,” in Battles and Leaders of the Civil War, Vol. III, pp. 359-60. Owen, In Camp and Battle with the Washington Artillery, p. 244; Smith, “One of the Most Daring of Men,” pp. 82-83; Pfanz, Gettysburg: The Second Day, pp. 117, 310; Paul Johnson, Napoleon, A Life (New York: Penguin Books, 2002), pp. 66-68.
184. Kershaw, “Kershaw’s Brigade at Gettysburg,” in Battles and Leaders, Vol. III, p. 334; OR, Series 1, Vol. XXVII. Gottfried, Brigades of Gettysburg, p. 412.
185. Petruzzi and Stanley, The Gettysburg Campaign in Numbers and Losses, p. 122; Joseph A. Miller Diary, FSNMP; CMSR, NA.
186. Ibid.
187. Ibid; CMSR, NA.
188. Joseph A. Miller, FSNMP; CMSR, NA.
189. CMSR, NA; Joseph A. Miller, FSNMP.
190. Joseph A. Miller, FSNMP.
191. McNeily, “Barksdale’s Mississippi Brigade at Gettysburg,” PMHS, p. 235; Pfranz, Gettysburg, The Second Day, p. 152.
192. Henley, “On the Way to Gettysburg,” FSNMP.
193. Brian C. Pohanka, Don Troiani’s Civil War (Mechanicsburg, Pa.: Stackpole Books, 1995), pp. 114; Foote, The Civil War, vol. 2, p. 508; McNeily, “Barksdale’s Mississippi Brigade At Gettysburg,” PMHS, pp. 235, 237; Smith, “One of the Most Daring of Men,” p. 81; McElfresh Map Company, Gettysburg Battlefield Map, The Second and Third Days’ Battlefield; Duke, “Mississippians at Gettysburg, CV, p. 216; Pfanz, Gettysburg, The Second Day, pp. 72, 152; William Allen, Ordnance Officer of the Mississippi Brigade, Ordnance Reports, April 1863, CMSR, NA; Earl J. Coates, Michael J. McAfee, and Don Troiani, Don Troiani’s Regiments and Uniforms of the Civil War (Mechanicsburg, Pa: Stackpole Books, 2002), pp. 138.
194. William Allen Ordnance Reports, September 1862 to April 1863, CMSR, NA; Trudeau, Gettysburg, p. 359; Coats, McAfee, and Troiani, Don Troiani’s Regiments and Uniforms of the Civil War, pp. 111, 138.
195. Ezekiel Armstrong Diary, MDAH; CMSR, NA.
196. CMSR, NA.
197. Ezekiel Armstrong Diary, MDAH; CMSR, NA.
198. CMSR, NA; Davis, Jefferson Davis, p. 8; Coco, Confederates Killed in Action, pp. 84-87.
199. Coco, Confederates Killed in Action, pp. 84-87.
200. Duke, “Mississippians at Gettysburg,” CV, p. 216.
201. Ibid; CMSR, NA.
202. Charles W. Squires Manuscript, Library of Congress, Washington, D.C; CMSR, NA; Dinkins, Personal Recollections and Experiences in the Confederate Army, pp. 86-87.
203. Dinkins, Personal Recollections and Experiences in the Confederate Army, p. 87.
204. Owen, In Camp And Battle with the Washington Artillery, p. 245; McNeily, “Barksdale’s Mississippi Brigade At Gettysburg,” PMHS, p. 236; Pfanz, Gettysburg: The Second Day, pp. 310-311, 320.
205. History of the 57th Pennsylvania Veteran Volunteers (Kearny: Belle Grove Publishing Company, 1995), p. 90; Pfanz, Gettysburg: The Second Day, p. 96.
206. Gottfried, Brigades of Gettysburg, p. 412; Pfanz, Gettysburg: The Second Day, pp. 310-311, 500-505; Dowdey, Death of a Nation, pp. 219-220.
207. McNeily, “Barksdale’s Mississippi Brigade At Gettysburg,” PMHS, pp. 235-236; Gottfried, Brigade of Gettysburg, p. 412; Wert, A Glorious Army, p. 261; Pfanz, Gettysburg: The Second Day, pp. 310-311.
208. Duke, “Mississippians at Gettysburg,” CV, p. 216; Pfanz, Gettysburg: The Second Day, p. 149; Dowdey, Death of a Nation, pp. 220-221.
209. Gottfield, Brigades of Gettysburg, p. 412; Pfanz, Gettysburg, The Second Day, pp. 310-311.
210. Freeman, Lee’s Lieutenants, vol. 3, p. 122; Love, “Mississippi At Gettysburg,” SHSP, pp. 31-32; Foote, The Civil War, vol. 2, p. 506; McNeily, “Barksdale’s Mississippi Brigade at Gettysburg,” PMHS, p. 235; Gottfield, Brigades of Gettysburg, pp. 410, 412; Piston, Lee’s Tarnished Lieutenant, pp. 17-18.
211. McNeily, “Barksdale’s Mississippi Brigade At Gettysburg,” PMHS, p. 236; Pfanz, Gettysburg, The Second Day, p. 303.
212. Gregory A. Coco, Wasted Valor: The Confederate Dead at Gettysburg (Gettysburg, Pa: Thomas Publications, 1990), p. 147; E.P. Harman to W.S. Decker, August 16, 1886 letter, Charles A. Richardson Papers, Ontario County Historical Society, Ontario, New York.
213. McNeily, “Barksdale’s Mississippi Brigade At Gettysburg,” PMHS, p. 236; Lavass and Nelson, eds., Guide to the Battle of Gettysburg, p. 62; Gottfried, Brigades of Gettysburg, p. 412; Wert, A Glorious Army, p. 257.
214. Owen, In Camp and Field with the Washington Artillery, p. 245; Pfanz, Gettysburg: The Second Day, p. 320.
215. Dinkins, Personal Recollections and Experiences in the Confederate Army, p. 86.
216. Dinkins, Personal Recollections and Experiences in the Confederate Army, p. 88; CMSR, NA; The Calhoun Monitier, Pittsboro, Mississippi, April 28, 1904; Davis, Jefferson Davis, pp. 154-159.
217. Oscar Ewell Stuart to Ann L. Hardeman, September 25, 1861 and to William Hardeman, January 18, 1863; Trammell Family Papers; McNeily, “Barksdale’s Mississippi Brigade At Gettysburg,” PMHS, pp. 236, 241, 243-46; Coddington, The Gettysburg Campaign, pp. 402-403; CMSR, NA; Abernathy Manuscript, MDAH; Pfanz, Gettysburg, The Second Day, pp. 302-304, 320-321, 335; The Aberdeen Examiner, Aberdeen, Mississippi, August 22, 1913; Duke Account, GNMPA; “Biographical Sketch of William Barksdale,” pp, 29-30; John Francis Hamtramck Claiborne Papers, 1797-1884, Southern Historical Collection, Louis Round Wilson Special Collections, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Boatner, The Civil War Dictionary, p. 270; John A. Crow, Spain, The Root and The Flower (Los Angeles: University of California Press, 2005), pp. 139-141; Gottfried, Brigades of Gettysburg, pp. 410-416; Piston, Lee’s Tarnished Lieutenant, pp. 16, 110; Compiled Military Service Records of Confederate Soldiers Who Served in Organizations from the State of Georgia, National Archives, Washington, D.C.; McWhiney and Jamieson, Attack and Die, pp. 170-191; Ethelbert Barksdale Papers, Mississippi Department of Archives and History, Jackson, Mississippi; Dick Stanley, “Mississippi Infantry Regiment, The Mississippi Brigade Attacks,” September 18, 2001, internet; Compiled Military Service Records of Confederate Soldiers Who Served in Organizations From the State of Virginia, Washington, D.C.; Trudeau, Gettysburg, p. 377; Dowdey, Death of a Nation, pp. 220-221; Smith, “One of the Most Daring of Men,” pp. 81-83, 85; Harrison, Pickett’s Men, pp. 33-35; John A. Barksdale, Barksdale Family History and Genealogy (Richmond: private printer, 1940), 1-25.
218. Trudeau, Gettysburg, p. 367; Pfanz, Gettysburg, The Second Day, pp. 304, 310-311, 318-321; Barksdale, Barksdale Family History and Genealogy, pp. 1-25; B.J. Jordan, One Final Charge! The Life and Times of Mississippi General William Barksdale, C.S.A. (Denver: Outskirts Press, Inc, 2008), p. 104.
219. “Biographical Sketch of William Barksdale,” pp. 29-30, Claiborne Papers, SHC.
220. Stanley, “Mississippi Infantry Regiment, The Mississippi Brigade Attacks,” internet.
221. CMSR, NA.
222. Humphreys to McLaws, January 6, 1878, UNCL; Time-Life editors, Gettysburg, p. 109; Harman to Decker, August 16, 1886, OCHS; The Aberdeen Examiner, August 22, 1913; Pfanz, Gettysburg: The Second Day, pp. 310-311, 322
223. Henley, “On the Way to Gettysburg,” FSNMP.
224. Ibid; Trudeau, Gettysburg, p. 367; Joseph A. Miller Diary, FSNMP; Freeman, Lee’s Lieutenants, vol. 3, p. 124; Humphreys, General Barksdale Biographical Sketch, UNL; Foote, The Civil War, vol. 2, p. 508; McNeily, “The Mississippi Brigade At Gettysburg,” PMHS, p. 236; Woodhead, editor, Echoes of Glory, pp. 116-117.
225. Henley, “On the Way to Gettysburg,” FSNMP.
226. Catalog of the Flags of the 13th, 17th, 18th and 21st Mississippi Regiments, Mississippi Department of Archives and History, Jackson, MS; Exhibit of the Burt Rifles Flag, Mississippi Department of Archives and History.
227. Trudeau, Gettysburg, p. 368.
228. McNeily, “Barksdale’s Mississippi Brigade At Gettysburg,” PMHS, p. 241; The Aberdeen Examiner, August 22, 1913.
229. McNeily, “Barksdale’s Mississippi Brigade At Gettysburg,” PMHS, p. 241; The Aberdeen Examiner, August 22, 1913; Trudeau, Gettysburg, p. 296.
230. Pfanz, Gettysburg: The Second Day, p. 321; The Aberdeen Examiner, August 22, 1913; McNeily, “Barksdale’s Mississippi Brigade at Gettysburg,” PMHS, p. 241.
231. Henley, “On the Way to Gettysburg,” FSNMP.
232. Ibid; Wert, General James Longstreet, p. 275; Trudeau, Gettysburg, p. 368; Time-Life Editors, Gettysburg, p. 102; Owen, In Camp and Battle with the Washington Artillery, p. 245; Richard Wheeler, Witness to Gettysburg (New York: Meridan Books, 1987), p. 203; Trudeau, Gettysburg, p. 254; Tucker, High Tide At Gettysburg, pp. 276-277; Cross, They Sleep Beneath the Mockingbird, p. 12; Gottfried, Brigades of Gettysburg, pp. 410, 413, 416.
233. Pfanz, Gettysburg, The Second Day, p. 321.
234. McNeily, “Barksdale’s Mississippi Brigade At Gettysburg,” PMHS, p. 241.
235. Edward J. Hagerty, Collis’ Zouaves, The 114th Pennsylvania Volunteers in the Civil War (Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1997), p. 240; Trudeau, Gettysburg, p. 368; Pfanz, Gettysburg: The Second Day, pp. 130-132.
236. History of the 57th Pennsylvania Veteran Volunteers, p. 91; Haskell, The Battle of Gettysburg, p. 32.
237. History of the 57th Pennsylvania Veteran Volunteers, p. 91; Trudeau, Gettys-burg, p. 368.
238. Ibid., p. 260.
239. William A. Fletcher, Rebel Private: Front and Rear, Memoirs of a Confederate Soldier (New York: Meridian Books, 1997), p. 84.
240. Wert, A Glorious Army, pp. 260-262; Pfanz, Gettysburg, The Second Day, pp. 302-304.
241. Foote, The Civil War, vol. 2, p. 508; Miers and Brown, Gettysburg, p. 42; Time-Life Editors, Voices of Gettysburg, p. 90; Gottfried, Brigades of Gettysburg, p. 412; History of the 57th Pennsylvania Veteran Volunteers, p. 90; Haskell, The Battle of Gettysburg, pp. 35-36; Hagerty, Collis’ Zouaves, p. 240.
242. Haskell, The Battle of Gettysburg, p. 41.
243. Henley, “On the Way to Gettysburg,” FSNMP; Trudeau, Gettysburg, p. 367.
244. McNeilly, “Barksdale’s Mississippi Brigade At Gettysburg,” PMHS, p. 231.
245. Humphrey to McLaws, January 6, 1878, UNCL; Gottfried, Brigades of Gettysburg, pp. 412-413; Pfanz, Gettysburg: The Second Day, pp. 310-311, 318.
246. McNeily, “Barksdale’s Mississippi Brigade At Gettysburg,” PMHS, p. 231; Dowdey, The Death of a Nation, p. 221; Tucker, High Tide At Gettysburg, p. 276; Humphreys to McLaws, January 6, 1878, UNCL; Clark, Gettysburg, p. 109.
247. General Barksdale Biographical Sketch, UNCL; Pfanz, Gettysburg: The Second Day, pp. 132, 322.
248. History of the 57th Pennsylvania Veteran Volunteers, p. 89; Pfanz, Gettysburg: The Second Day, p. 322.
249. History of the 57th Pennsylvania Veteran Volunteers, p. 91; Gottfried, Brigades of Gettysburg, p. 188.
250. History of the 57th Pennsylvania Veteran Volunteers, p. 91.
251. Ibid, pp. 11, 16-17, 22, 41-42, 57-58, 68, 74, 195; Gottfried, Brigades of Gettysburg, p. 190; Compiled Service Records of Soldiers from the State of Pennsylvania, Record Group, National Archives, Washington, D.C.; Robert Fuhrman, “‘Yes, I think we will go now’: The 57th Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry at Gettysburg,” Gettysburg Magazine, no. 17 (n.d.), pp. 62-63; Laurence M. Hauptman, Between Two Fires, American Indians in the Civil War (New York: Free Press, 1996), pp. 72-73; Ray Raphael, Founders, The People Who Brought You A Nation (New York: MJF Books, 2009), pp. 366-367; Hargety, Collis’ Zouaves, p. 240.
252. History of the 57th Pennsylvania Veteran Volunteers, pp. 56-58, 73, 87, 90, 95; Fuhrman, “The 57th Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry at Gettysburg,” GM, pp. 63-64; Joseph Wheelan, Invading Mexico, America’s Continental Dream and the Mexican War, 1846-1848 (New York: Carroll and Graf Publishers, 2007), p. 359; Pfanz, Gettysburg: The Second Day, pp. 310-313, 320.
253. History of the 57th Pennsylvania Veteran Volunteers, p. 57.
254. Hagerty, Collis’ Zouaves, pp. 125-126, 239-230; Pfanz, Gettysburg: The Second Day, pp. 118, 132-133, 310-311, 320.
255. Pfanz, Gettysburg: The Second Day, pp. 132-133; Hagerty, Collis’ Zouaves, pp. 1-33, 74-82, 126-127; CMSR, NA.
256. Gottfried, Brigades of Gettysburg, p. 410; Hagerty, Collis’ Zouaves, p. 28.
257. Hagerty, Collis’ Zouaves, pp. 127, 167.
258. Hagerty, Collis’ Zouaves, pp. 109-110, 127, 167, 191, 226-227.
259. Jerry Thompson, editor, Tejanos in Gray, Civil War Letters of Captains Joseph Rafael de la Garza and Manuel Yturri (College Station: Texas A & M University Press, 2012), p. 12; Editors of Time-Life Books, Voices of Gettysburg, pp. 64, 97; Francis A. Lord, Civil War Collector’s Encyclopedia (New York: Castle Books, 1965), pp. 63, 314-315; Don Troiani’s Civil War, pp. 116-117; Pennsylvania At Gettysburg, Vol. 2 (2 vols., Harrisburg, Pa: William Stanley Ray, State Printer, 1904), pp. 606-611; History of the 57th Pennsylvania Veteran Volunteers, pp. 90-91; Oliver Wilson Davis, Sketch of Frederic Fernandez Cavada (Philadelphia, Pa: James B. Chandler Printer, 1871), pp. 7-14; Haskell, The Battle of Gettysburg, pp. 35-36; O.R., vol. 27, ser. 1, pt. 1, pp. 502, 585; Kent Gramm, Gettysburg, A Meditation On War And Values (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1994), p. 122; Hagerty, Collis’ Zouaves, pp. 22-23, 59, 93, 192-193, 203-204, 205-220, 225-226, 233, 239-241; Gottfried, Brigades at Gettysburg, p. 188; Pfanz, Gettysburg, The Second Day, pp. 314, 322-323; Phillip Thomas Tucker, editor, Cubans in the Confederacy: Jose Agustin Quintero, Ambrosio Jose Gonzales, and Loreta Janeta Velazquez (Jefferson: McFarland and Company, Inc., Publishers, 2002), pp. 1-237; Frank de Varona, editor, Hispanic Presence In the United States: Historical Beginnings (Miami: Mnemosyne Publishing Company, 1993), pp. 165-168; National Park Service, Hispanics and the Civil War, From Battlefield to Homefront (Washington, D.C.: Department of the Interior, n.d.), pp. 1-40; Franklin W. Knight, Slave Society in Cuba during the Nineteenth Century (Madison: The University of Wisconsin Press, 1974), pp. 25-46, 59-120.
260. Hagerty, Collis’ Zouaves, pp. 184-193, 199.
261. History of the 57th Pennsylvania Veteran Volunteers, pp. 89-91; Don Troiani’s Civil War, pp. 115-116; Gottfried, Brigades of Gettysburg, pp. 190-191; Pennsylvania At Gettysburg, pp. 606, 611-612; Roach, Gettysburg, p. 34; Fuhrman, “The 57th Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry at Gettysburg,” GM, p. 64; Pfanz, Gettysburg, The Second Day, p. 323;Given Diary, CWLM; Hagerty, Collis’ Zouaves, pp. 61, 226, 241-242; Haskell, The Battle of Gettysburg, p. 32; Editors of Time-Life, Voices of Gettysburg, pp. 64, 90-91, 97; CPSR, NA.
262. Keneally, American Scoundrel, p. 220; Eric A. Campbell, “Hell in a Peach Orchard,” America’sCivil War (July 2003), pp. 40-41.
263. Campbell, “Hell in a Peach Orchard,” ACW, pp. 40-41; Pfanz, Gettysburg, The Second Day, p. 323.
264. Campbell, “Hell in a Peach Orchard,” p. 41.
265. Ibid.
266. Editors of Time-Life, Voices of Gettysburg, pp. 64, 97.
267. Hagerty, Collis’ Zouaves, pp. 203-204.
268. Ibid; Tucker, ed., Cubans in the Confederacy, pp. 1-237.
269. Hagerty, Collis’ Zouaves, p. 242.
270. Campbell, “Hell in the Peach Orchard,” ACW, pp. 40-41.
271. Henley, “On the Way to Gettysburg,” FSNMP; History of the 57th Pennsylvania Veteran Volunteers, p. 91; McNeily, “Barksdale’s Mississippi Brigade At Gettysburg,” PMHS, p. 237; Wert, Longstreet, p. 275; Fuhrman, “The 57th Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry at Gettysburg,” GM, p. 64; Hagerty, Collis’ Zouaves, p. 242; Gottfried, Brigades of Gettysburg, p. 413; Pfanz, Gettysburg: The Second Day, pp. 323, 327-328; Trudeau, Gettysburg, p. 377.
272. Hagerty, Collis’ Zouaves, pp. 334; CPSR, NA; Pfanz, Gettysburg: The Second Day, p. 314.
273. Henley, “On the Way to Gettysburg,” FSNMP.
274. Ibid; Gottfried, Brigades of Gettysburg, p. 190.
275. Gregory A. Coco, Wasted Valor, The Confederate Dead at Gettysburg (Gettysburg: Thomas Publications, 1990), p. 49; CMSR, NA.
276. Ibid; CMSR, NA.
277. Pfanz, Gettysburg: The Second Day, p. 118.
278. Abernathy Manuscript, MDAH; Henley, “On the Way to Gettysburg,” FSNMP.
279. Henley, “On the Way to Gettysburg,” FSNMP.
280. Gottfried, Brigades of Gettysburg, p. 191.
281. Ibid.
282. Ibid.
283. CMSR, NA; Winston County Journal, Louisville, Mississippi, March 4, 1898; Dick Stanley, “13th Mississippi Infantry Regiment, The Mississippi Brigade Attacks,” September 18, 2011, internet.
284. History of the 57th Pennsylvania Veteran Volunteers, p. 91; Humphreys, General Barksdale Biographical Sketch, UNL; Pennsylvania At Gettysburg, p. 606; Love, Mississippi At Gettysburg, SHSP, p. 32; General Barksdale Biographical Sketch, UNCL; Gottfried, Brigades of Gettysburg, p. 413; Miers and Brown, Gettysburg, pp. 135-138; Fuhrman, “The 57th Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry at Gettysburg,” GM, pp. 64-66; Pfanz, Gettysburg, The Second Day, pp. 314, 326-327; Harman to Decker, August 16, 1886, OCHS; The Aberdeen Examiner, August 22, 1913.
285. Henley, “On the Way to Gettysburg,” FSNMP.
286. CMSR, NA; CPSR, NA; Hagerty, Collis’ Zouaves, pp. xi, 6-7, 65, 77, 81, 226, 228.
287. Editors of Time-Life Books, Voices of Gettysburg, p. 91.
288. Ibid.
289. Henley, “On the Way to Gettysburg,” FSNMP.
290. Thurman Early Hendricks Diary, Mississippi, Department of Archives and History, Jackson, MS.
291. Haskell, The Battle of Gettysburg, p. 42.
292. Henley, “On the Way to Gettysburg,” FSNMP; CMSR, NA; History of the 57th Pennsylvania Veteran Volunteers, p. 91; Don Troiani’s Civil War, p. 116; McNeily, “Barksdale’s Mississippi Brigade At Gettysburg,” PMHS, pp. 236, 238, 244; O.R., vol. 27, ser. 1, pt. 1, pp. 500-501, 503; Hagerty, Collis’-Zouaves, pp. 242-244, 320; Davis, Jefferson Davis, pp. 8, 40, 154-159; Coco, Confederates Killed in Action at Gettysburg, pp. 84-87, 132; Joseph A. Miller Diary, FSNMP; Pfanz, Gettysburg, The Second Day, pp. 131-132; 314, 326-327; Gottfried, Brigades of Gettysburg, pp. 191-192, 413; Luvaas and Nelson, eds., Guide to the Battle of Gettysburg, pp. 121-122.
293. Trudeau, Gettysburg, p. 368; Pfanz, Gettysburg: The Second Day, pp. 328-329.
294. CMSR, NA; Gottfried, Brigades at Gettysburg, p. 413; Lover, Mississippi At Gettysburg, SHSP, p. 32; Pfanz, Gettysburg: The Second Day, pp. 131-133, 314; Gottfield, Brigades of Gettysburg, p. 413.
295. Editors of Time-Life Books, Voices of Gettysburg, p. 91; Pfanz, Gettysburg: The Second Day, pp. 328-329; Hagerty, Collis’ Zouaves, p. 242.
296. Gottfried, Brigades of Gettysburg, p. 220; Campbell, “Hell in a Peach Orchard,” CWT, p. 41.
297. Editors of Time-Life Books, Voices of Gettysburg, p. 91; Gottfried, Brigades of Gettysburg, p. 220
298. Ibid.
299. Ibid., p. 43; Henley, “On the Way to Gettysburg,” FSNMP; Gottfriend, Brigades of Gettysburg, pp. 220-221, 413.
300. Gottfried, Brigades of Gettysburg, p. 221.
301. Luvaas and Nelson, eds., Guide to the Battle of Gettysburg, p. 122; Trudeau, Gettysburg, p. 380; Pfanz, Gettysburg: The Second Day, p. 329
302. Gottfried, Brigades of Gettysburg, pp. 413-414; Lavaas and Nelson, eds., Guide to the Battle of Gettysburg, p. 122; Trudeau, Gettysburg, p. 380.
303. Lavaas and Nelson, eds., Guide to the Battle of Gettysburg, p. 123; Gottfried, Brigades of Gettysburg, p. 191.
304. History of the 57th Pennsylvania Veteran Volunteers, pp. 91-92, 195; Fuhrman, “The 57th Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry at Gettysburg,” GM, pp. 66-68; Duke, “Mississippians at Gettysburg,” CV, p. 216; Gottfried, Brigades at Gettysburg, p. 413; CMSR, NA; Pfanz, Gettysburg: The Second Day, p. 413; Editors of Time-Life Books, Voices of Gettysburg, p. 91; Hagerty, Collis’ Zouaves, p. 235; Pfanz, Gettysburg, The Second Day, pp. 329-330
305. Hagerty, Collis’ Zouaves, p. 248.
306. Ibid., p. 250; Harrison, Pickett’s Men, pp. 90-104.
307. CPSR, NA; Hagerty, Collis’ Zouaves, pp. 249-250.
308. Coddington, The Gettysburg Campaign, p. 405; CPSR, NA; Henley, “On the Way to Gettysburg,” FSNMP; General Barksdale Biographical Sketch, UNCL; B. J. Jordan, One Final Charge!, p. 104.
309. Henley, “On the Way to Gettysburg,” FSNMP; Pennsylvania At Gettysburg, p. 612; McNeily, “Barksdale’s Mississippi Brigade At Gettysburg,” PMHS, p. 236; CMSR, NA; Gottfried, Brigades at Gettysburg, p.413; Pfanz, Gettysburg, The Second Day, p. 314; Luvaas and Nelson, eds., Guideto the Battle of Gettysburg, pp. 121-122; Hagerty, Collis’ Zouaves, pp. 248-249; Coates, McAfee, and Troiani, Don Troiani’s Regiments and Uniforms of the Civil War, p. 89.
310. Campbell, “Hell in a Peach Orchard,” ACW, p. 42; Pfanz, Gettysburg, The Second Day, p. 330.
311. Campbell, “Hell in a Peach Orchard,” ACW, p. 42; CMSR, NA.
312. Trudeau, Gettysburg, p. 380.
313. Trudeau, Gettysburg, pp. 371-372; Gottfried, Brigades of Gettysburg, pp. 191-192.
314. Trudeau, Gettysburg, pp. 371-372.; CMSR, NA; Gottfried, Brigades at Gettysburg, p. 413; Luvaas and Nelson, eds., Guide to the Battle of Gettysburg, pp. 121-122.
315. Trudeau, Gettysburg, pp. 371-372, 380; CMSR, NA; Gottfried, Brigades of Gettysburg, p. 413.
316. Gottfried, Brigades of Gettysburg, p. 192; Pfanz, Gettysburg: The Second Day,p. 132.
317. Trudeau, Gettysburg, pp. 372, 380.
318. Campbell, “Hell in a Peach Orchard,” ACW, p. 42.
319. Smith, “One of the Most Daring of Men,” p. 83.
320. Hagerty, Collis’ Zouaves, pp. 235, 242-244, 248-249; Campbell, “Hell in a Peach Orchard,” ACW, p. 42; Henley, “On the Way to Gettysburg,” FSNMP; CPSR, NA; Trudeau, Gettysburg, p. 380.
321. Haskell, The Battle of Gettysburg, pp. 44-45.
322. Trudeau, Gettysburg, pp. 368 (note).
323. McNeily, “Barksdale’s Mississippi Brigade at Gettysburg,” PMHS, p. 237; Pfanz, Gettysburg: The Second Day, p. 330.
324. General Barksdale Biographical Sketch, UNCL; CMRS, NA; Oscar Ewing Stuart to Ann L. Hardeman, September 21, 1861, Trammell Papers.
325. McNeily, “Barksdale’s Mississippi Brigade at Gettysburg,” PMHS, pp. 236-237.
326. McNeily, “Barksdale’s Mississippi Brigade at Gettysburg,” PMHS, pp. 237-238; CMSR, NA; “Geralds’ Theatrics—Florence Gerald and Judge G.B. Gerald,” Waco History Project, Waco, Texas, internet; Gottfried, Brigades of Gettysburg, p. 413; Editors of Time-Life Books, Voices of Gettysburg, pp. 90-91.
327. Editors of Time-Life Books, Voices of Gettysburg, p. 91.
328. Ibid., p. 90; “Geralds’ Theatrics—Florence Gerald and Judge G. B. Gerald,” WHP.
329. Editors of Time-Life Books, Voices of Gettysburg, pp. 90-91; McNeilly, “Barksdale’s Mississippi Brigade at Gettysburg,” PMHS, pp. 90-91.
330. McNeily, “The Mississippi Brigade at Gettysburg,” PMHS, pp.237-238; Editors of Time-Life Books, Voices of Gettysburg, p. 91..
331. Ibid.
332. Harman to Decker, August 16, 1886, OCHS.
333. Trudeau, Gettysburg, pp. 380-381; Gottfried, Brigades of Gettysburg, pp. 191-192, 413-414; Boatner, Civil War Dictionary, p. 638; Don Troiani’s Civil War, p. 116; Pennsylvania at Gettysburg, pp. 685-686; Pfanz, Gettysburg, The Second Day, pp. 132, 329, 332-333, 347; Tucker, High Tide at Gettysburg, p. 278; Humphreys to McLaws, January 6, 1878, UNCL; Wert, Longstreet, p. 275; Luvaas and Nelson, eds., Guide to the Battle of Gettysburg, pp. 121-122; O.R., vol. 27, ser. 1, pt. 1, p. 505; National Tribune, August 25, 1921.
334. Luvaas and Nelson, eds., Guide to the Battle of Gettysburg, pp. 123-124; Campbell, “Hell in a Peach Orchard,” ACW, pp. 41-42.
335. Luvaas and Nelson, eds., Guide to the Battle of Gettysburg, pp. 123-125; Pfanz, Gettysburg; The Second Day, p. 333
336. Coco, Killed in Action, pp. 65-66.
337. David Craft, History of the One Hundred Forty-First Regiment, Pennsylvania Volunteers, 1862-1865 (Towanda: Reporter-Journal Printing Company, 1885), p. 128.
338. Pennsylvania at Gettysburg, p. 609; Davis, Sketch of Frederic Fernandez Cavada, pp. 3-5, 14-19; Editors of Time-Life Books, Voices of Gettysburg, pp. 64, 97; Kevin O’Brien, “‘To Unflinchingly Face Danger And Death’: Carr’s Brigade Defends Emmitsburg Road,” Gettysburg Magazine, no. 12 (January 1, 1995), pp. 16-17; Varona, ed., Hispanic Presence in the United States, pp. 168-170; Coddington, The Gettysburg Campaign, p. 405; CPSR, NA; General Barksdale Biographical Sketch, UNCL.
339. Editors of Time-Life Books, Voices of Gettysburg, pp. 64, 97.
340. Roach, Gettysburg, p. 34; Hagerty, Collis’ Zouaves, pp. 37, 169; General Barksdale Biographical Sketch, UNCL; CMSR, NA; Pfanz, Gettysburg, The Second Day, p. 335.
341. Editors of Time-Life Books, Voices of Gettysburg, p. 91; General Barksdale Biographical Sketch, UNCL.
342. History of the 57th Pennsylvania Veteran Volunteers, pp. 95-96; Don Troiani’s Civil War, p. 116; Owen, In Camp and Battlefield with the Washington Artillery, p. 247; Pennsylvania at Gettysburg, p. 612; Gottfried, Brigades of Gettysburg, p. 191; Trudeau, Gettysburg, pp. 378; Luvaas and Nelson, eds., Guide to the Battle of Gettysburg, pp. 123-124; Pfanz, Gettysburg: The Second Day, p. 333
343. Campbell, “Hell in a Peach Orchard,” ACW, pp. 42-43.
344. Bigelow, The Peach Orchard, p. 16; Don Troiani’s Civil War, p. 116; Trudeau, Gettysburg, pp. 377-380; Tucker, High Tide at Gettysburg, p. 279; Pfanz, Gettysburg, the Second Day, pp. 131, 95, 135, 151, 314, 331-332; Wert, Longstreet, p. 275; Coddington, The Gettysburg Campaign, p. 405; General Barksdale Biographical Sketch, UNCL; McNeily, “Barksdale’s Mississippi Brigade At Gettysburg,” PMHS, pp. 246-47; Coco, Killed In Action, pp. 69-70; Miers and Brown, Gettysburg, p. 138; O.R., vol. 27, ser. 1, no. 1, p. 501; CMSR NA; Gottfried, Brigades of Gettysburg, pp. 188, 192, 413-414; Editors of Time-Life Books, Voices of Gettysburg, p. 91; Campbell, “Hell in a Peach Orchard,” ACW, pp. 41-43; Smith, “One of the Most Daring of Men,” pp. 81-83, 85-89.
345. McNeily, “Barksdale’s Mississippi Brigade At Gettysburg,” PMHS, p. 237; Coddington, The Gettysburg Campaign, p. 414; Hagerty, Collis’ Zouaves, pp. 242-243; Pfanz, Gettysburg: The Second Day, p. 314; Luvaas and Nelson, eds., Guide to the Battle of Gettysburg, pp. 124-125; Gottfried, Brigades of Gettysburg, pp. 413-414.
346. Trudeau, Gettysburg, p. 379.
347. Ibid.
348. John Heiser, “Action On The Emmitsburg Road,” Gettysburg Magazine, No. 1, July 1, 1989, p. 81; National Tribune, New York, NY, November 6, 1890; Trudeau, Gettysburg, pp. 379, 572; Roach, Gettysburg, p. 36; CMSR, NA; Pfanz, Compiled Service Records of Soldiers Who Served in Organizations from the State of New York, Record Group. National Archives, Washington, D.C.; Hagerty, Collis’ Zouaves, p. 176; Gottfried, Brigades of Gettysburg, pp. 188, 216, 219-222; Keneally, American Scoundrel, pp. 7, 219-220; Jordan, One Final Charge!, p. 104.
349. Henley, “The Career of a Veteran,” FSNMP; Trudeau, Gettysburg, p. 379; Gottfried, Brigades of Gettysburg, pp. 219-221.
350. Trudeau, Gettysburg, p. 379; Gottfried, Brigades of Gettysburg, p. 221.
351. Campbell, “Hell in a Peach Orchard,” ACW, p. 43.
352. Trudeau, Gettysburg, p. 380; Haskell, The Battle of Gettysburg, p. 42; Gottfried, Brigades of Gettysburg, pp. 413-414; Lavaas and Nelson, eds., Guide to the Battle of Gettysburg, p. 124
353. Haskell, The Battle of Gettysburg, p. 42; Trudeau, Gettysburg, p. 380.
354. Ibid; Gottfried, Brigades of Gettysburg, pp. 413-416; Smith, “One of the Most Daring of Men,” pp. 83, 86, 88-89; CMSR, NA; McNeily, “Barksdale’s Mississippi Brigade at Gettysburg,” PMHS, p. 237.
355. McNeily, “Barksdale’s Mississippi Brigade at Gettysburg,” PMHS, p. 237.
356. Humphreys to McLaws, January 6, 1878, UNCL.
357. Gottfield, Brigades of Gettysburg, p. 226; Tucker, High Tide at Gettsyburg, pp. 278-279; Boatner, The Civil War Dictionary, p. 350; Humphreys to McLaws, January 6, 1878, UNCL; McNeily, “Barksdale’s Mississippi Brigade at Gettysburg,” PMHS, p. 237; Trudeau, Gettysburg, p. 380; Foote, The Civil War, vol. 2, p. 508; General Barksdale Biographical Sketch, UNCL; Pfanz, Gettysburg: The Second Day, pp. 130-31, 338.
358. McNeily, “Barksdale’s Mississippi Brigade At Gettysburg,” PMHS, p. 237; Gottfried, Brigades of Gettysburg, p. 413; Trudeau, Gettysburg, p. 380; Pfanz, Gettysburg: The Second Day, pp. 130-131.
359. Trudeau, Gettysburg, p. 380.
360. Humphreys to McLaws, January 6, 1878, UNCL; Pfanz, Gettysburg, The Second Day, pp. 130-131, Gottfried, Brigades of Gettysburg, pp. 413-414; Trudeau, Gettysburg, p. 380; Tucker, High Tide at Gettysburg, p. 278; Owen, In Camp And Battlefield with the Washington Artillery, p. 246; Humphreys to McLaws, January 6, 1878, UNCL; McNeily, “Barksdale’s Mississippi Brigade at Gettysburg,” PMHS, p. 237; Wert, Longstreet, p. 276; Heiser, “Action on the Emmitsburg Road,” Gettysburg Magazine, p. 80.
361. Gottfried, Brigades of Gettysburg, p. 413; Trudeau, Gettysburg, p. 380.
362. Gottfried, Brigades of Gettysburg, p. 413; Humphreys to McLaws, January 6, 1878, UNCL; Trudeau, Gettysburg, p. 380; Smith, “One of the Most Daring of Men,” p. 83.
363. Trudeau, Gettysburg, p. 384; Pfanz, Gettysburg: The Second Day, pp. 311-312, 329; Gottfried, Brigades of Gettysburg, p. 414.
364. Trudeau, Gettysburg, p. 380; Humphreys to McLaws, January 6, 1878, UNCL; B. T. Arrington, The Medal of Honor at Gettysburg (Gettysburg, PA: Thomas Publications, 1996), p. 11; Pfanz, Gettysburg: The Second Day, pp. 311, 338-41; O.R., vol. 27, ser. 1, no. 1, pp. 585-86; Gottfried, Brigades of Gettysburg, p. 190; Haskell, The Battle of Gettysburg, p. 45; Luvaas and Nelson, Guide to the Battle of Gettysburg, pp. 122-124; CMSR, NA.
365. Humphreys to McLaws, January 6, 1878, UNCL; Coddington, The Gettysburg Campaign, pp. 414-415; Trudeau, Gettysburg, pp. 376-381; Gottfried, Brigades of Gettysburg, pp. 221, 413-414.
366. Bradley M. Gottfried, The Artillery of Gettysburg (Nashville: Cumberland House, 2008), pp. 126-127; Gottfried, Brigades of Gettysburg, p. 221.
367. Humphreys to McLaws, Janury 6, 1878; UNCL; Martin Haynes, A History of the Second Regiment, New Hampshire Volunteer Infantry in the War of the Rebellion (Lakeport, NH: Republcian, 1896), p. 178; Trudeau, Gettysburg, pp. 380-381; Gottfried, Brigades of Gettysburg, pp. 413-414.
368. Don Troiani’s Civil War, p. 116; Owen, In Camp and Battlefield with the Washington Artillery, p. 245; Humphreys to McLaws, January 6, 1878, UNCL; Gottfried, Brigades of Gettysburg, pp. 412-413; Wert, Longstreet, p. 275; McNeily, “Barksdale’s Mississippi Brigade at Gettysburg,” PMHS, pp. 246-47; Trudeau, Gettysburg, pp. 377, 380-381; Smith, “One of the Most Daring of Men,” pp. 83, 85-86.
369. Trudeau, Gettysburg, p. 389; Wheeler, Witness to Gettysburg, pp. 203-204
370. CMSR, NA; Trudeau, Gettysburg, pp. 380-381.
371. Pennsylvania at Gettysburg, pp. 612-613, 997; Humphreys to McLaws, Jan-uary 6, 1878, UNCL; Wert, Longstreet, p. 275; O’Brien, “‘To Unflinchingly Face Danger And Death’: Carr’s Brigade Defends Emmitsburg Road,” GM, p. 17; Pfanz, Gettysburg: The Second Day, pp. 347, 349; O.R., vol. 27, series 1, pt. 1, pp. 503, 533; McNeily, “Barksdale’s Mississippi Brigade at Gettysburg,” PMHS, pp. 239, 245.
372. Abernathy Manuscript, MDAH; CMSR, NA.
373. CMSR, NA.
374. Winschel, “To Assuage The Grief,” GM, pp. 77-81; CMSR, NA; Historic Mo-bile: An Illustrated Guide (Mobile: The Junior League of Mobile, Alabama, Inc., 1974), pp. xi-87.
375. Frank A. Haskell and William C. Oates, Gettysburg (New York: Bantam Books, 1992), pp. 170-175; McNeily, “Barksdale’s Mississippi Brigade at Gettysburg,” PMHS, p. 247; Trudeau, Gettysburg, p. 377.
376. Wheeler, Witness to Gettysburg, p. 204; Tucker, High Tide at Gettysburg, p. 276.
377. Henley, “The Career of a Veteran,” FSNMP.
378. Gottfried, Brigades of Gettysburg, p. 416; McNeily, “Barksdale’s Mississippi Brigade at Gettysburg,” PMHS, p. 237; Wert, Longstreet, p. 278; CMSR, NA.
379. O’Brien, “‘To Unflinchingly Face Danger and Death’: Carr’s Brigade Defends Emmitsburg Road,” Gettysburg Magazine, no. 12 (January 1, 1995), p. 14-18; Abernathy Manuscript, MDAH; O.R., vol. 27, ser. 1, pt. 1, pp. 501, 553-54, 559; McNeily, “Barksdale’s Mississippi Brigade at Gettysburg,” PMHS, p. 239; Miers and Brown, Gettysburg, p. 138; Harman to Decker, August 16, 1886, OCHS; Roberts and Moneyhon, Portraits of Conflict, p. 89; Trudeau, Gettysburg, p. 571; Gottfried, Brigades of Gettysburg, pp. 25, 216.
380. Compiled Military Service Records of Soldiers from Organizations of the State of New Hampshire, Washington, D.C.; James A. Burns, “The 12th New Hampshire Regiment at Gettysburg and Beyond,” Gettysburg Magazine, no. 20, pp. 113-117; Trudeau, Gettysburg, p. 571.
381. Burns, “The 12th New Hampshire at Gettysburg and Beyond,” GM, p. 115.
382. Ibid., 115-116; CNHSR, NA; Willard Sterne Randall, Benedict Arnold, Patriot and Traitor (New York: Quill/William Morrow, 1990), pp. 92-99.
383. Burns, “The 12th New Hampshire at Gettysburg and Beyond, GM, pp. 117-118.
384. Henley, “On the Way to Gettysburg,” FSNMP; Trudeau, Gettysburg, p. 571; Compiled Service Records of Men Who Served from the State of Massachusetts, National Archives, Washington, D.C.; Eleventh Regiment Massachusetts Regiment, Acton Memorial Library, Civil War Archives, Acton, Massachusetts.
385. Trudeau, Gettysburg, p. 571; Henley, “On the Way to Gettysburg,” FSNMP; Eleventh Regiment Massachusetts Regiment, AML.
386. Gottfried, Brigades of Gettysburg, p. 416; Hagerty, Collis’ Zouaves, p. 240; Henley, “On the Way to Gettysburg,” FSNMP; Henley, “The Career of a Veteran,” FSNMP; Pfanz, Gettysburg: The Second Day, p. 361; CMSR, NA.
387. Haskell, The Battle of Gettysburg, pp. 35-36; Hagerty, Collis’ Zouaves, p. 240; Gottfried, Brigades of Gettysburg, pp. 410, 414.
388. Haskell, The Battle of Gettysburg, pp. 35-47; Burns, “The 12th New Hampshire Regiment at Gettysburg And Beyond,” GM, pp. 114, 117-117; Editors of Time-Life Books, Voices of Gettysburg, p. 92; Gottfried, Brigades of Gettysburg, pp. 412-416; Hagerty, Collis’ Zouaves, p. 240; Henley, “On the Way to Gettysburg,” FSNMP; Henley, “The Career of a Veteran,” FSNMP.
389. Hagerty, Collis’ Zouaves, p. 240; Haskell, The Battle of Gettysburg, p. 35-36.
390. Editors of Time-Life Books, Voices of Gettysburg, p. 92; Wert, A Glorious Army, p. 262.
391. George G. Meade Collection, Historical Society of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: Trudeau, Gettysburg, pp. 351-352, 377, 379-381; Tucker, High Tide at Gettysburg, p. 275; Humphreys to McLaws, January 6, 1878, UNCL; McWhiney and Jamieson, Attack and Die, p. 24; Miers and Brown, Gettysburg, p. 142; Harman to Decker, August 16, 1886, OCHS; Wert, A Glorious Army, p. 262; Editors of Time-Life Books, Voices of Gettysburg, p. 92; Burns, “The 12th New Hampshire Regiment at Gettysburg and Beyond,” GM, p. 114; Haskell, The Battle of Gettysburg, pp 35-47; Smith, “One of the Most Daring of Men,” pp. 85, 90-91.
392. Haskell, The Battle of Gettysburg, p. 45; Hagerty, Collis’ Zouaves, p. 240; Haskell, The Battle of Gettysburg, pp. 35-47.
393. Burns, “The 12th New Hampshire Regiment at Gettysburg and Beyond,” GM, pp. 117-118; Gottfried, Brigades of Gettysburg, pp. 413-416.
394. Thomas, Robert E. Lee, pp. 288, 292; Longstreet, From Manassas to Appomattox, p. 371.
395. Love, “Mississippi At Gettysburg,” SHSP, p. 32; Trudeau, Gettysburg, pp. 380-381.
396. David Craft, History of the One Hundred Forty-First Regiment, Pennsylvania Volunteers, 1862-1865 (Towanda, PA: Reporter-Journal Printing Company, 1885), p. 128; Gottfried, Brigades of Gettysburg, pp. 413-416; Burns, “The 12th New Hampshire Regiment at Gettysburg and Beyond,” GM, pp. 117-118..
397. McNeily, “Barksdale’s Mississippi Brigade At Gettysburg,” PMHS, pp. 238-239; Editors of Time-Life Books, Voices of Gettysburg, p. 91.
398. Ibid.
399. CMSR, NA; Lauderdale County, Mississippi, Census Records for 1860, Mississippi Department of Archives and History, Jackson, Mississippi; Charles A. Earp, “The Seven McElroys of the 13th Mississippi Infantry C.S.A.,” Confederate Veteran (September-October 1993), pp. 36-42; McWhiney and Jamieson, Attack and Die, p. 4; Jordan, One Final Charge!, p. 77.
400. CMSR, NA.
401. William H. Hill Diary, MDAH; Dick Stanley, “13th Mississippi Infantry Regiment, Gen. Barkdale’s New Horse,” August 6, 2011, internet.
402. William H. Hill Diary, MDAH.
403. William H. Hill Diary, MDAH; Stanley, “13th Mississippi, Infantry Report, Gen. Barksdale’s New Horse,” internet.
404. Stanley, “Mississippi Infantry Regiment, The Mississippi Brigade Attacks,” internet.
405. Haskell, The Battle of Gettysburg, pp. 46-47.
406. Bigelow, The Peach Orchard, p. 31.
407. Bigelow, The Peach Orchard, p. 39.
408. Pfanz, Gettysburg: The Second Day, pp. 117, 336; Alexander, Fighting for the Confederacy, p. 240.
409. Alexander, Fighting for the Confederacy, p. 240.
410. Ibid.
411. Humphreys to McLaws, January 6, 1878, UNCL; Pfanz, Gettysburg: The Second Day, p. 336.
412. Pfanz, Gettysburg, The Second Day, pp. 117, 337.
413. Alexander, Fighting for the Confederacy, p. 244.
414. lexander, “The Great Charge and Artillery Fighting at Gettysburg,” in Battles and Leaders, Vol. III, p. 360; Cowell, Tactics at Gettysburg, p. 57; Haskell, The Battle of Gettysburg, p. 32; Pennsylvania At Gettysburg, pp. 612-613.
415. Alexander, Fighting For the Confederacy, p. 240; Humphreys to McLaws, January 6, 1878, UNCL.
416. Alexander, Fighting For the Confederacy, p. 240.
417. Ibid.
418. Wert, A Glorious Army, pp. 263-265; Bigelow, The Peach Orchard, pp. 32, 39; Humphreys to McLaws, January 6, 1878, UNCL; Pfanz, Gettysburg: The Second Day, p. 336.
419. Haskell, The Battle of Gettysburg, p. 27; Bigelow, The Peach Orchard, pp. 32, 39; Humphreys to McLaws, January 6, 1878, UNCL.
420. Haskell, The Battle of Gettysburg, pp. 35-36; Thomas, Robert E. Lee, pp. 288, 292; Hagerty, Collis’ Zouaves, p. 240; Wert, A Glorious Army, pp. 262-265; Bigelow, The Peach Orchard, pp. 32, 39, Humphreys to McLaws, January 6, 1878, UNCL.
421. Thomas, Robert E. Lee, p. 288.
422. Hagerty, Collis’ Zouaves, p. 240; Wert, A Glorious Army, pp. 262-265; Bigelow, The Peach Orchard, pp. 32, 39; Humphreys to McLaws, January 6, 1878, UNCL.
423. Wert, A Glorious Army, pp. 262-265; Bigelow, The Peach Orchard, pp. 32, 39; Humphreys to McLaws, January 6, 1878, UNCL; Sears, Gettysburg, p. 506.
424. Bigelow, The Peach Orchard, p. 39.
425. Haskell and Oates, Gettysburg, p. 175; Miers and Brown, Gettysburg, p. 134; Gottfried, Brigades of Gettysburg, pp. 410-416.
426. Trudeau, Gettysburg, p. 381.
427. Sears, Gettysburg, p. 503.
428. Ibid., pp. 302; 503; Trudeau, Gettysburg, pp. 377, 379.
429. Sears, Gettysburg, pp. 500-505.
430. Trudeau, Gettysburg, p. 381; Alexander, Fighting for the Confederacy, p. 240; Thomas, Robert E. Lee, pp. 296-298; Smith, “One of the Most Daring of Men,” pp. 85, 90-91; Jordan, One Final Charge!, pp. 106-107.
431. Trudeau, Gettysburg, pp. 377, 379, 380-381; Gottfried, Brigades of Gettysburg, p. 420; Tucker, High Tide at Gettysburg, p. 279; Bailey George McCle-len, I Saw the Elephant (Shippensburg, Pa: White Mane Publishing Company, 1995), pp. 41-42; Sears, Gettysburg, pp. 303-304; Humphreys to McLaws, January 6, 1878, UNCL; Coddington, The Gettysburg Campaign, pp. 405-406; McNeily, “Barksdale’s Mississippi Brigade at Gettysburg,” PMHS, p. 243; Hagerty, Collis’ Zouaves, p. 250; Smith, “One of the Most Daring of Men,” pp. 81, 83, 85-86.
432. Smith, “One of the Most Daring of Men,” p. 86.
433. Coddington, The Gettysburg Campaign, p. 416; Humphreys to McLaws, January 6, 1878, UNCL; Trudeau, Gettysburg, pp. 380-381, 572; Coddington, The Gettysburg Campaign, pp. 415-416; David M. Jordan, Winfield Scott Hancock, A Soldier’s Life (Indianapolis, IN: University Press, 19), p. 92; Pfanz, Gettysburg: The Second Day, pp. 128-129; Paul J. Lader, “The 7th New Jersey in the Gettysburg Campaign,” Gettysburg Magazine, no. 16 (1997), pp. 46-65; O.R., vol. 27, ser. 1, pt. 1, p. 587; McNeily, “Barksdale’s Mississippi Brigade at Gettysburg,” PMHS, pp. 246-47; CMSR, NA; John B. Hood, “Tribute of Gen. Barksdale,” Gettysburg National Military Park Archives, Gettysburg, PA; Gottfried, Brigades of Gettysburg, p. 413; Pfanz, Gettysburg: The Second Day, pp. 129, 263-264; The Aberdeen Examiner, August 22, 1913; Wert, A Glorious Army, pp. 262-265.
434. Trudeau, Gettysburg, p. 384; Pfanz, Gettysburg: The Second Day, pp. 339-340; CMSR, NA.
435. Humphreys to McLaws, January 6, 1878, UNCL; Pfanz, Gettysburg: The Second Day, p. 336.
436. Humphreys to McLaws, January 6, 1878, UNCL; Wheeler, Witness to Gettysburg, p. 204; McNeily, “Barksdale’s Mississippi Brigade at Gettysburg,” PMHS, p. 239.
437. McNeily, “Barksdale’s Mississippi Brigade at Gettysburg,” PMHS, p. 239.
438. Humphreys to McLaws, January 6, 1878, UNCL; Coddington, The Gettysburg Campaign, pp. 406-407, 413.
439. Smith, “One of the Most Daring of Men,” pp. 85, 90-91; Humphreys to McLaws, January 6, 1878.
440. Wheeler, Witness to Gettysburg, p. 204; Coddington, The Gettysburg Campaign, pp. 414-415; Humphreys to McLaws, January 6, 1878, UNCL; Pfanz, Gettysburg, The Second Day, p. 333; Trudeau, Gettysburg, p. 376.
441. Trudeau, Gettysburg, p. 376.
442. Ibid.
443. Alexander, Fighting For The Confederacy, p. 240.
444. Ibid; Coddington, The Gettysburg Campaign, pp. 416.
445. Humphreys to McLaws, January 6, 1878, UNCL; Trudeau, pp. 277, 279; Wheeler, Witness to Gettysburg, p. 209; Coddington, The Gettyburg Campaign, pp. 414-415; Harman to Decker, August 16, 1886, OCHS; Wert, A Glorious Army, pp. 262-265; Dowdey, Death of a Nation, pp. 220-222; Smith, “One of the Most Daring of Men,” pp. 81, 85-86, 90-91; Sears, Gettysburg, pp. 500-505.
446. Pfanz, Gettysburg: The Second Day, pp. 358, 367; CMSR, NA; Henley, “On the Way to Gettysburg,” FSNMP.
447. Coddington, The Gettysburg Campaign, p. 416.
448. Abernathy Manuscript, MDAH.
449. Pfanz, Gettysburg, p. 367; Gottfried, Brigades of Gettysburg, p. 222.
450. Henley, “On the Way to Gettysburg,” FSNMP; CMSR, NA.
451. Henley, “On the Way to Gettysburg,” FSNMP.
452. Roach, Gettysburg, p. 35.
453. Dick Stanley, “13th Mississippi Infantry, Night on the Battlefield,” September 2011, internet.
454. CMSR, NA; Henley, “On the Way to Gettysburg,” FSNMP.
455. Bigelow, The Peach Orchard, p. 56.
456. William A. Frassanito, Gettysburg: A Journey In Time (New York: Macmillan Publishing Company, 1975), p. 149; Trudeau, Gettysburg, pp. 275, 286, 384-385; Coddington, The Gettysburg Campaign, pp. 415-416; Bigelow, The Peach Orchard, pp. 55-56; Trudeau, Gettysburg, p. 385; CMSR, NA; Eric Campbell, “We Saved the Line from Being Broken: Freeman McGilvery, John Bigelow, Charles Reed and the Battle of Gettysburg,” Gettysburg National Park Service, Unsung Heroes of Gettysburg, Programs of the Fiftieth Annual Gettysburg Seminar (Gettysburg: National Park Service, 1996), pp. 43-45, 53-55; Levi W. Baker, The History of the Ninth Massachusetts Battery (Lancaster: Vanberg Publishing, 1996), pp. vii, 60, 66, 195, 201, 213-14; McNeily, “Barksdale’s Mississippi Brigade at Gettysburg,” PMHS, pp. 249, 262; Thomas, Robert E. Lee, p. 288; Sears, Gettysburg, p. 507; Gottfried, Brigades of Gettysburg, p. 417; Wert, A Glorious Army, pp. 262-265; Pfanz, Gettysburg: The Second Day, pp. 341-345; 367, 455; Lowry, The Story The Soldiers Wouldn’t Tell, pp. 72-75.
457. Haskell, The Battle of Gettysburg, p. 45.
458. Coddington, The Gettysburg Campaign, p. 416.
459. Frank Putnam Deane, editor, “My Dear Wife,” The Civil War Letters Of David Brett, 9th Massachusetts Battery, Union Cannoneer (Little Rock, Arkansas: Pioneer Press, 1964), pp. 1-4, 8, 14, 22, 24, 32; Coddington, The Gettysburg Campaign, pp. 416-417; Bigelow, The Peach Orchard, pp. 39, 42; Trudeau, Gettysburg, pp. 384-385; Campbell, “We Saved the Line from Being Broken,” Unsung Heroes of Gettysburg, pp. 43, 54-55; Levi W. Baker, History of the Ninth Massachusetts Battery, pp. ii-iii, ix-x, 8-9, 11, 17, 19, 214, 259-260; Bigelow, The Peach Orchard, pp. 24, 31-32, 39, 42.
460. Deane, ed, “My Dear Wife,” pp. 33, 38-39; Baker, History of the Ninth Mas-sachusetts Battery, pp. iii, 23, 44, 46, 48-50, 56-57, 60-61, 214, 219-21; Trudeau, Gettysburg, pp. 385-386; Coddington, The Gettysburg Campaign, p. 416.
461. Deane, ed., “My Dear Wife,” pp. 33, 67, 122; Trudeau, Gettysburg, pp. 385-386; Coddington, The Gettysburg Campaign, p. 416; Pfanz, Gettysburg: The Second Day, p. 344; Bigelow, The Peach Orchard, pp. 57-59; Baker, History of the Ninth Massachusetts Battery, pp. 8, 17, 60-61, 76-77, 214-15, 220-21, 223-26; Augustus Hesse to Deborah Weston, July 12, 1863, Boston Public Library, Boston, MA; Campbell, “We Saved the Line from Being Broken,” Unsung Heroes of Gettysburg, pp. 56-57.
462. Deane, “My Dear Wife,” pp. 59, 121; Pfanz, Gettysburg: The Second Day, p. 344; Bigelow, The Peach Orchard, pp. 59-60; Campbell, “We Saved the Line from Being Broken,” Unsung Heroes of Gettysburg, pp. 56-57; CMSR, NA.
463. McNeily, “The Mississippi Brigade at Gettysburg,” PMHS, pp. 247-48.
464. Ibid., pp. 33-34; Coddington, The Gettysburg Campaign, p. 417; Bigelow, The Peach Orchard, pp. 57-61; Deane, “My Dear Wife,” pp. xvii, 60-61, 63, 73; Survivors’ Association, History of the Corn Exchange Regiment, 118th Pennsylvania Volunteers (Philadelphia, PA: J.L. Smith Publishers, 1888), p. 249; McWhiney and Jamieson, Attack and Die, pp. 170-191; Trudeau, Gettysburg, p. 385; CMSR, NA; McNeily, “Barksdale’s Mississippi Brigade At Gettysburg,” PMHS, pp. 244, 247-48; Baker, History of the Ninth Massachusetts Battery, pp. iii, 9, 60-62, 66, 76-77, 96, 196, 200, 215-216, 229-233, 247-248; Cunliffe, The Ancient Celts, pp. 93-104; Campbell, “We Saved The Line From Being Broken,” Unsung Heroes of Gettysburg, pp. 56-57.
465. Arrington, The Medal of Honor at Gettysburg, p. 22; Deane, “My Dear Wife,” p. 61; Eric Campbell, “Baptism of Fire: The Ninth Massachusetts Battery at Gettysburg, July 2, 1863,” Gettysburg Magazine, No. 5 (July 1, 1991), pp. 74-76; Trudeau, Gettysburg, pp. 385-386; Campbell, “We Saved the Line from Being Broken,” Unsung Heroes of Gettysburg, pp. 44-45, 56-57; Pfanz, Gettysburg: The Second Day, p. 345; Baker, The History of the Ninth Massachusetts Battery, pp. 62, 69-70, 80, 189-192, 200, 226-228, 254-256; Chandler, The Campaigns of Napoleon, pp. 81-84, 290-296.
466. McNeily, “Barksdale’s Mississippi Brigade at Gettysburg,” PMHS, p. 249; CMSR, NA.
467. Ibid.
468. Ibid.
469. Ibid; Henley, “On the Way to Gettysburg,” FSNMP; Henley, “The Career of a Veteran,” FSNMP; McWhiney and Jamieson, Attack and Die, p. 115; Humphreys to McLaws, January 6, 1878, UNCL; Wert, A Glorious Army, p. 263; Time-Life editors, Gettysburg, pp. 107-108; Coddington, The Gettysburg Campaign, pp. 416-418; Trudeau, Gettysburg, pp. 275, 377-379; Luvaas and Nelson, Guide to the Battle of Gettysburg, pp. 136-137; Baker, The History of the Ninth Massachusetts Battery, pp. v, 62-65, 200-203; Gottfried, Brigades of Gettysburg, pp. 415-417; Dowdey, Death of a Nation, p. 284; Campbell, “We Saved the Line from Being Broken,” Unsung Heroes of Gettysburg, pp. 57-59.
470. Trudeau, Gettysburg, p. 387; Pfanz, Gettysburg:The Second Day, p. 346.
471. Trudeau, Gettysburg, pp. 300, 383, 377-378, 385-386; Gottfried, Brigades of Gettysburg, p. 415; Wert, A Glorious Army, pp. 262-263; Henley, “On the Way to Gettysburg,” FSNMP; Humphreys to McLaws, January 6, 1878, UNCL; Time-Life Editors, Gettysburg, p. 108; Letters Home: A Collection of Original Civil War Soldiers’ Letters (Gettysburg, Pa: Alan Sessarego, 1990), p. 21; Coddington, The Gettysburg Campaign, pp. 401-402, 411, 416-417; McWhiney and Jamieson, Attack and Die, p. 115; Michael Aikey, “’Boys, Remember Harper’s Ferry’!” Civil War Magazine, vol. 17 (1989), pp. 31-33; McNeily, “Barksdale’s Mississippi Brigade At Gettysburg,” PMHS, p. 249; Haskell, The Battle of Gettysburg, pp. 45-46; Hood, “Tribute to Gen. Barksdale,” GNMPA.
472. Wayne, Mahood, ’Written in Blood’: A History of the 126th New York Infantry in the Civil War (Hightstown: Longstreet House, 1997), p. 129; Trudeau, Gettysburg, pp. 383-384.
473. Trudeau, Gettysburg, p. 384.
474. Henley, “The Career of a Veteran,” FSNMP.
475. Trudeau, Gettysburg, p. 388.
476. John Saunders Henley, “Battle of Harpers Ferry and Sharpsburg,” Fredericksburg and Spotsylvania National Military Park, Fredericksburg, Virginia; Murray, The Redemption of the Harpers Ferry Cowards, pp. 44, 46, 49, 51, 61, 88-89, 93, 95, 99; Gottfried, Brigades of Gettysburg, p. 177; Trudeau, Gettysburg, pp. 299, 388; Mahood, “Written in Blood,” pp. 27-46, 129-130.
477. Trudeau, Gettysburg, p. 299.
478. Ibid.
479. Ibid., p. 300
480. Ibid.
481. Ibid, p. 388; Gottfried, Brigades of Gettysburg, p. 178.
482. Trudeau, Gettysburg, pp. 388, 570; Coddington, The Gettysburg Campaign, pp. 417-418; Mahood, “Written In Blood,” pp. 129-131, 135; Murray, The Redemption of the “Harpers Ferry Cowards,” pp. 101-102; Abernathy Manuscript, MDAH; Baker, History of the Ninth Massachusetts Battery, p. 198; Mahood, “Written In Blood,” pp. 129-131, 135; Gottfried, Brigades of Gettysburg, pp. 177-178; Miers and Brown, Gettysburg, p. 138; Henley, “On the Way to Gettysburg,” FSNMP; Henley, “The Career of a Veteran,” FNSMP; McNeily, “Barksdale’s Mississippi Brigade at Gettysburg,” PMHS, p. 250; Crandell Diary, GNMPA; Trudeau, Gettysburg, p. 299..
483. Murray, The Redemption of the “Harpers Ferry Cowards,” pp. 102-112; Love, “Mississippi At Gettysburg,” SHSP, pp. 32-33; Trudeau, Gettysburg, p. 388; Gottfried, Brigades of Gettysburg, p. 178; Miers and Brown, Gettysburg, pp. 95-97; Crandell Diary, GNMPA; Mahood, “Written In Blood,” pp. 132-133.
484. Charles A. Richardson Papers, Ontario County, New York, Historical Society, Canandaigua, NY; Abernathy Manuscript, MDAH; Trudeau, Gettysburg, p. 388; Crandell Diary, GNMPA; Mahood, “Written In Blood,” pp. 131-132, 135; CMSR, NA; Gottfried, Brigades of Gettysburg, pp. 177-178.
485. McNeily, “Barksdale’s Mississippi Brigade at Gettysburg,” PMHS, p. 230; Henley, “On the Way to Gettysburg,” FSNMP; Trudeau, Gettysburg, p. 388.
486. The Mississippi Index, June 13, 1866; Trudeau, Gettysburg, p. 388; CMSR, NA.
487. Coddington, The Gettysburg Campaign, pp. 417-418; Abernathy Manuscript, MDAH; McNeily, “Barksdale’s Mississippi Brigade at Gettysburg,” PMHS, p. 250; CMSR, NA; Trudeau, Gettysburg, p. 388; Crandell Diary, GNMPA; Mahood, “Written In Blood,” pp. 130-131.
488. Haskell and Oates, Gettysburg, p. 175; Wert, Longstreet, p. 277; Dowdey, Death of a Nation, pp. 224-225; Foote, The Civil War, vol. 2, p. 509; Mc-Neily, “Barksdale’s Mississippi Brigade at Gettysburg,” PMSH, p. 250; Crandell Diary, GNMPA; CMSR, NA; Trudeau, Gettysburg, pp. 388, 570.
489. McNeily, “Barksdale’s Mississippi Brigade at Gettysburg,” PMHS, pp. 250; Mahood, “Written In Blood,” p. 134; Crandell Diary, GNMPA; Trudeau, Gettysburg, p. 388; CMSR, NA;
490. Coddington, The Gettysburg Campaign, pp. 370-384; Wert, A Glorious Army, pp. 255, 263; Dowdey, Death of a Nation, pp. 220-221.
491. Coddington, The Gettysburg Campaign, pp. 370-384; CMSR, NA; Dowdey, Death of a Nation, pp. 220-221; Wert, A Glorious Army, pp. 255, 263.
492. Harrison, Pickett’s Men, p. 88; Hood, Advance and Retreat, p. 57.
493. Gottfried, Brigades of Gettysburg, pp. 222, 410-416, 420-421; Henley, “On the Way to Gettysburg,” FSNMP; The Mississippi Index, June 13, 1866, MDAH; Coddington, The Gettysburg Campaign, pp. 370-384;Foote, The Civil War, vol. 2, pp. 508-509; Tucker, High Tide at Gettysburg, pp. 280-281; Cross, They Sleep Beneath the Mockingbird, p. 12; Samuel Toombs, New Jersey Troops in the Gettysburg Campaign (Orange, New Jersey: Evening Mail Publishing House, 1888), p. 239; Murray, The Redemption of the “Harpers Ferry Cowards,” p. 102; Pfanz, Gettysburg: The Second Day, p. 348; O.R., vol. XXVII, ser. 1, pt. 1, p. 436; Wert, A Glorious Army, pp. 248-263; Richardson Papers, OCHS; General Barksdale Biographical Sketch, UNCL; McNeily, “The Mississippi Brigade at Gettysburg,” PMHS, p. 243; Roach, Gettysburg, p. 36; Henry Stevens Willey, “The Story of My Experiences During the Civil War,” Collections of the Manuscript Division, Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.; CMSR, NA; Dowdey, Death of a Nation, pp. 220-221; Mahood, “Written In Blood,” pp. 133-134; Trudeau, Gettysburg, pp. 377, 381, 388-379, 572; Hood, “Tribute to Gen. Barksdale,” GNMPA; Wert, A Glorious Army, pp. 262-265.
494. Mahood, “Written In Blood,” pp. 133-134; Wert, A Glorious Army, p. 251; Trudeau, Gettysburg, p. 572.
495. The Mississippi Index, June 13, 1866, William Barksdale Subject File, Mississippi Department Archives and History, Jackson, Mississippi.
496. The Mississippi Index, June 13, 1866, MDAM; Mahood, “Written In Blood,” pp. 35-46, 133-134; Henley, “On the Way to Gettysburg,” FSNMP; Pfanz, Gettysburg: The Second Day, p. 435; CMSR, NA.
497. The Mississippi Index, June 13, 1866, MDAH; Henley, “On the Way to Gettysburg,” FSNMP; Coco, Wasted Valor, pp. 147-148; Cross, They Sleep Beneath the Mockingbird, p. 12; Love, “Mississippi at Gettysburg,” SHSP, p. 33; General Barksdale Biographical Sketch, UNCL; William Youngblood, “Unwritten History of the Gettysburg Campaign,” Southern Historical Society Papers, vol. 38 (1907), pp. 316, 318; Trudeau, Gettysburg, p. 388; CMSR, NA; The Aberdeen Examineer, August 22, 1913; Mahood, “Written In Blood,” pp. 133-134.
498. The Mississippi Index, June 13, 1866.
499. McNeilly, “Barksdale’s Mississippi Brigade At Gettysburg,” PMHS, p. 239; Aikey, “’Boys, Remember Harpers Ferry!’,” CWM, p. 33; Harman to Decker, August 16, 1886, OCHS; The Mississippi Index, June 13, 1866, MDAH; Pfanz, Gettysburg: The Second Day, p. 435.
500. Hill Diary, MDAH; CMSR; CMSR, NA; Luvaas and Nelson, eds., Guide to the Battle of Gettysburg, p. 137; Gottfried, Brigades of Gettysburg, pp. 410-416; “Henley,” On the Way to Gettysburg,” FSNMP.
501. General Barksdale Biographical Sketch, UNCL; Aikey, “’Boys, Remember Harpers Ferry!’,” CWM, p. 33; Baker, History of the Ninth Massachusetts Battery, p. 198; CMSR, NA; Mahood, “Written in Blood,” p. 131.
502. Richardson Papers, OCHS; Campbell, “We Saved the Line from Being Broken,” Unsung Heroes of Gettsyburg, p. 59.
503. Dick Stanley, “13th Mississippi Infantry Regiment, The Death of Private Nash,” September 26, 2011, internet; CMSR, NA.
504. Arrington, The Medal of Honor at Gettysburg, p. 15.
505. General Barksdale Biographical Sketch, UNCL.
506. Mahood, “Written in Blood,” pp. 133-134.
507. Ibid.
508. Ibid., p. 471, note 69; The Mississippi Index, June 13, 1866, DMAH.
509. Trudeau, Gettysburg, p. 391; Gottfried, Brigades of Gettysburg, pp. 410-416.
510. Charles W. Squires Manuscript, LC.
511. Ibid; CMSR, NA; Joseph A. Miller Diary, FSNMP.
512. Arrington, The Medal of Honor at Gettysburg, p. 15; Lavaas and Nelson, eds., Guide to the Battle of Gettysburg, p. 136; Bigelow, The Peach Orchard, pp. 24, 31-32, 39, 42; Baker, History of the Ninth Massachusetts Battery, pp. 71, 198-199; Campbell, “We Saved The Line From Being Broken,” Unsung Heroes at Gettysburg, pp. 58-59; McNeily, “Barksdale’s Mississippi Brigade At Gettysburg,” PMHS, p. 249; The Wilkes-Barre Record, July 17, 1925; Catalog of the Flags of the 13th, 17th, 18th, and 21st Mississippi Regiments, MDAH; CMSR, NA; Trudeau, Gettysburg, pp. 372, 390-391; Hood, “Tribute to Gen. Barksdale,” GNMPA; “Major Malbone Francis ’Peggy” Watson (1939-1891), Find A Grace,” internet; Wert, A Glorious Army, pp. 262-265; Gottfried, Bri -gades of Gettysburg, pp. 178, 410-416; Pfanz, Gettysburg: The Second Day, pp. 317, 346-347.
513. CMSR, NA; Trudeau, Gettysburg, p. 390.
514. CMSR, NA; Confederate Veteran, vol. 33 (1925), p. 185.
515. Eric Campbell, “’Remember Harpers Ferry’: The Degradation, Humiliation, and Redemption of Col. George L. Willard’s Brigade,” Gettysburg Magazine, no. 7 (July 1, 1992), p. 52; Michael Bacarella, Lincoln’s Foreign Legion: The 39th New York Infantry, The Garibaldi Guard (Shippensburg, Pa: White Mane Publishing Company, 1996), p. 69; Trudeau, Gettysburg, p. 390; Gottfried, Brigades of Gettysburg, p. 178.
516. Bacarella, Lincoln’s Foreign Legion, pp. 20, 26, 28, 44-45.
517. CMSR, NA; Bigelow, The Peach Orchard, pp. 24, 31-32, 39, 42.
518. Humphreys to McLaws, January 6, 1878, UNCL.
519. Alexander, Fighting for the Confederacy, p. 242; McNeily, “Barksdale’s Mississippi Brigade at Gettysburg,” PMHS, p. 249.
520. Trudeau, Gettysburg, pp. 390-391; CMSR, NA; Humphreys to McLaws, January 6, 1878, UNCL; Garrison, Civil War Stories, p. 179
521. Bigelow, The Peach Orchard, pp. 24, 31-32, 39, 42; Gottfried, Brigades of Gettysburg, p. 415.
522. Arrington, The Medal of Honor at Gettysburg, p.15; Bacarella, Lincoln’s Foreign Legion, p. 138; McNeily, Barksdale’s Mississippi Brigade at Gettysburg, p. 249; CMSR, NA; CNYSR, NA.
523. CMSR, NA; Trudeau, Gettysburg, p. 390; Gottfried, Brigades of Gettysburg, p. 178.
524. Alexander, “Artillery Fighting at Gettysburg,” in Battles and Leaders, Vol. III, p. 367; Luvaas and Nelson, eds., Guide to the Battle of Gettysburg, p. 137.
525. Trudeau, Gettysburg, p. 391.
526. Humphreys to McLaws, January 6, 1878, UNCL; O.O. Howard’s Commencement Address to Syracuse University, Gettysburg Magazine, no. 11 (July 1, 1994), p. 76; Gottfried, Brigades of Gettysburg, p. 415; McNeily, “Barksdale’s Mississippi Brigade at Gettysburg,” PMHS, p. 249.
527. Humphreys to McLaws, January 6, 1878, UNCL; Baker, History of the Ninth Massachusetts Battery, pp. 203-04; McNeily, “Barksdale’s Mississippi Brigade at Gettysburg,” PMHS, pp. 244-251, 262; CMSR, NA; Hood, “Tribute to Gen. Barksdale,” GNMPA; Andrews, “Gallantry at Gettysburg,” GNMPA; Trudeau, Gettysburg, pp. 377, 379; Gottfried, Brigades of Gettysburg, pp. 410-416, 419.
528. Humphreys to McLaws, January 6, 1878, UNCL; Trudeau, Gettysburg, p. 380; Cross, They Sleep Beneath the Mockingbird, pp. 38-39.
529. Trudeau, Gettysburg, p. 551.
530. Wert, A Glorious Army, pp. 262-265; Gottfried, Brigades of Gettysburg, pp. 410-416.
531. Sears, Gettysburg, pp. 504-505.
532. Ibid., p. 506.
533. Ibid., pp. 506, 508.
534. Ibid., p. 498; Trudeau, Gettysburg, p. 529..
535. Sears, Gettysburg, p. 498.
536. Coco, Wasted Valor, p. 107; McNeily, “Barksdale’s Mississippi Brigade at Gettysburg,” PMHS, pp. 257, 260; Trudeau, Gettysburg, p. 551.
537. Love, “Mississippi at Gettysburg,” SHSP, p. 33.
538. Cross, They Sleep Beneath the Mockingbird, pp. 12-13; Coco, Wasted Valor, p. 147.
539. Willey, “The Story of My Experiences During the Civil War,” LC; Trudeau, Gettysburg, p. 417.
540. Willey, “The Story of My Experiences During the Civil War,” LC.
541. Coco, Wasted Valor, p. 147; Time-Life Editors, Gettysburg, p. 108; Hill Diary, MDAH; McNeily, “Barksdale’s Mississippi Brigade at Gettysburg,” PMHS, p. 241.
542. Clark, Gettysburg, p. 108.
543. Harpers Weekly, New York, New York, February 2, 1861.
544. Cross, They Sleep Beneath the Mockingbird, p. 13; General Barksdale Biographical Sketch, UNCL.
545. The Mississippi Index, June 13, 1866, MDAH.
546. Ibid.
547. Ibid.
548. Ibid; Pfanz, Gettysburg, p. 435.
549. Letters Home, p. 24; O.R., vol. 27, ser. 1, pt. 1, p. 371; Wert, A Glorious Army, p. 265.
550. Coco, Wasted Valor, p. 148; O.R., vol. XXVII, ser. 1, pt. 1, pp. 74, 260. 596; Clark, Gettysburg, p. 109; Trudeau, Gettysburg, p. 321; Jordan, One Final Charge!, p. 104.
551. Dinkins, Personal Recollections and Experiences in the Confederate Army, p. 86; CMSR, NA.
552. Moore, A Life for the Confederacy, p. 162.
553. Moore, A Life for the Confederacy, p. 153; Cross, They Sleep Beneath the Mockingbird, pp. 13-14; CMSR, NA.
554. Humphreys to McLaws, January 6, 1878, UNCL; CMSR, NA; McNeily, “Barksdale’s Mississippi Brigade at Gettysburg,” PMHS, p. 243; Gottfried, Brigades of Gettysburg, pp. 410-416; Wert, A Glorious Army, p. 262; Trudeau, Gettysburg, p. 381; Dowdey, Death of a Nation, pp. 220-221; John C. Oeffinger, A Soldier’s General: The Civil War Letters of Major General Lafayette McLaws (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2002), 197.
555. General Barksdale Biographical Sketch, UNCL; McNeily,”Barksdale’s Mississippi Brigade at Gettysburg,” PMHS, pp. 243-244, 251; Trudeau, Gettysburg, pp 371-391; Sears, Gettysburg, pp. 297-319; Coddington, The Gettysburg Campaign, p. 405; CPSR, NA; CNYSR, NA; Gottfried, Brigades of Gettysburg, pp. 410-416; Humphreys to McLaws, January 6, 1878, UNCL; Jordan, One Final Charge!, p. 104.
556. Duke, “Mississippians at Gettysburg,” CV, p. 216.
557. Ibid; CMSR, NA.
558. CMSR, NA.
559. CMSR, NA; William Burton Owen to Luman Baker, Greene County Historical Society, Coxsackie, New York.
560. “13th Mississippi Infantry Regiment, Correspondence,” September 6, 2011, internet.
561. Longstreet, From Manassas to Appomattox, p. 373
562. Coddington, The Gettysburg Campaign, pp. 421-422.
563. Trudeau, Gettysburg, pp. 332-333; Harrison, Pickett’s Men, p. 146.
564. Ibid.
565. Baker, History of the Ninth Massachusetts Battery, p. 261.
566. McNeily, “Barksdale’s Mississippi Brigade at Gettysburg,” PMHS, p. 261; Hood, “Tribute to Gen. Barksdale,” GNMPA.
567. Keneally, American Scoundrel, p. 291.
568. Bigelow, The Peach Orchard, p. 32, 39.
569. Coddington, The Gettysburg Campaign, p. 443.
570. Ibid.