Contents

List of Plates

Acknowledgements

Foreword

Introduction

Chapter 1 1808 – Success, Controversy and Disaster

Chapter 2 1809 – Hard Lessons for All

Chapter 3 The Lines of Torres Vedras and the Defence of Portugal

Chapter 4 1810 – A Year of Waiting

Chapter 5 1811 – Goodbye to Lisbon

Chapter 6 1812 – Taking the Frontier

Chapter 7 1812 – Triumph and Failure

Chapter 8 1813 – The Road to France

Chapter 9 1813–14 – Into France

Conclusion

Appendix 1: Commanding Royal Engineers (CRE) with Wellington’s Army, 1808–14

Appendix 2: Engineer Officers who Served in the Iberian Peninsula

Appendix 3: Military Reconnaissance and Surveying

Appendix 4: Military Bridging

Appendix 5: Military Education

Notes

Bibliography