1. Jennifer B. Kahnweiler, Ph.D., Quiet Influence: The Introvert’s Guide to Making a Difference (Oakland, CA: Berrett-Koehler Publishers, 2013), 7.
2. Stephanie B. Goldberg, “Beyond the Socratic Method,” Student Law 36 (October 2007): 18–19. (“While the Socratic Method forces students to think on their feet, it also replicates the tension of standing before a judge in court, knowing he or she can humble you at any moment.”)
3. Susan Cain, Quiet: The Power of Introverts in a World That Can’t Stop Talking (New York: Crown Publishing Group, 2012), 6.
4. Burton Raffel, reply by P. N. Furbank, Lost in Translation, November 16, 2006, http://www.nybooks.com/articles/2006/11/16/lost-in-translation/.
5. Lawyers & Depression, http://www.daveneefoundation.org/scholarship/lawyers-and-depression/. See also Jennifer Jolly-Ryan, “Promoting Mental Health in Law School: What Law School Can Do for Law Students to Help Them Become Happy, Mentally Healthy Lawyers,” University of Louisville Law Review 48 (2009): 95, 103 (quoting Susan Grover, “Personal Integration and Outsider Status as Factors in Law School Well Being,” Washburn Law Journal 47 (2008): 419, 421 n.16). (“Empirical research shows that entering law students possess ‘normal psychological markers.’ However, they ‘shift quickly to major psychological distress during the first year of law school.’”).
6. Dan Lukasik, “Law School Depression,” http://www.lawyerswithdepression.com/law-school-depression/.
7. Grover, 419, 426. See also Hollee Schwartz Temple, “Speaking Up: Helping Law Students Break Through the Silence of Depression,” ABA Journal (February 2012): 23.
8. Susan Daicoff, “Lawyer, Be Thyself: An Empirical Investigation of the Relationship Between the Ethic of Care, the Feeling Decisionmaking Preference, and Lawyer Wellbeing,” Virginia Journal of Social Policy & the Law 16 (Fall 2008): 87.
9. Leonard Riskin, “The Contemplative Lawyer: On the Potential Contributions of Mindfulness Meditation to Law Students, Lawyers, and Their Clients,” Harvard Negotiation Law Review 7 (Spring 2002): 1, 10.
10. Temple, 23, citing Professor Krieger’s statistics.
11. Michael L. Perlin, “‘Baby, Look Inside Your Mirror’: The Legal Profession’s Willful and Sanist Blindness to Lawyers with Mental Disabilities,” University of Pittsburgh Law Review 69 (Spring 2008): 589, 592 n. 14, citing David M. Wooldridge, “Addressing the Unthinkable: How You Can Constructively Deal with the Problem of Suicide,” Alabama Law Review 68 (2007): 154, 155. Online: http://www.alabar.org/publications/pastissues/0107/addressing_suicide.pdf.
12. Cain, 104.
13. Marti Olsen Laney, Psy.D., The Introvert Advantage: How to Thrive in an Extrovert World (New York: Workman Publishing, 2002), 252.
14. Ibid.
15. Many of the ideas, language, and sources in the next few chapters were previously published in Heidi K. Brown, “Empowering Law Students to Overcome Extreme Public Speaking Anxiety: Why ‘Just Be It’ Works and ‘Just Do It’ Doesn’t,” Duquesne Law Review 53 (Winter 2015): 181–214; Heidi K. Brown, “The ‘Silent but Gifted’ Law Student: Transforming Anxious Public Speakers into Well-Rounded Advocates,” The Journal of the Legal Writing Institute 18 (2012): 291–337; and Heidi K. Brown, “Harness the Skills of the Introverted Lawyer,” New York Law Journal, August 15, 2016, http://www.newyorklawjournal.com/id=1202764878620.
16. Quiet law students and lawyers might consider taking the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) personality inventory. As explained on The Myers & Briggs Foundation website (http://www.myersbriggs.org/my-mbti-personality-type/mbti-basics/), “[t]he theory of psychological type was introduced in the 1920s by Carl G. Jung. The MBTI tool was developed in the 1940s by Isabel Briggs Myers and the original research was done in the 1940s and ‘50s. This research is ongoing, providing users with updated and new information about psychological type and its applications. Millions of people worldwide have taken the Indicator each year since its first publication in 1962.” Certified administrators conduct the “instrument,” comprised of 93 questions, and then provide written results—which can unveil deep insights into personality preferences, including the introversion and extroversion dichotomy. The Myers & Briggs Foundation website provides resources for finding a local certified administrator, or for accessing the instrument online. See http://www.myersbriggs.org/my-mbti-personality-type/take-the-mbti-instrument/.
17. There are two different spellings of extravert/extrovert. Jung used the former.
18. MBTI Basics: Extravert and Introvert. http://www.myersbriggs.org/my-mbti-personality-type/mbti-basics/extravert-and-introvert.htm (adapted from Gordon Lawrence & Charles Martin, Building People, Building Programs: A Practitioner’s Guide to Introducing the MBTI to Individuals and Organizations (2001)).
19. Erika B. Hilliard, MSW, RSW, Living Fully with Shyness and Social Anxiety (Philadelphia: Da Capo Press, 2005), 10.
20. Laney, 21.
21. Sophia Dembling, The Introvert’s Way: Living a Quiet Life in a Noisy World (New York: Penguin Group, 2012), 52.
22. Laney, 37.
23. Mark Tanner, The Introvert Charismatic: The Gift of Introversion in a Noisy Church (Grand Rapids, MI: Monarch Books, 2015), 207. (“[P]ublic intimacy … can be quite oppressive for introverts. Many do not really want to be in ‘group hug’ sessions or invited to bear their souls with no notice or preparation time.”)
24. Cain, 11.
25. Sophia Dembling, Introverts in Love: The Quiet Way to Happily Ever After (New York: Penguin Group, 2012), 20.
26. Dembling, The Introvert’s Way, 29, referring to Carl Jung’s characterization of introverts.
27. Ibid., 101.
28. Laurie Helgoe, Ph.D., Introvert Power: Why Your Inner Life Is Your Hidden Strength (Naperville, IL: Sourcebooks, Inc., 2008), 13. (“Introverts appear to do their best thinking in anticipation rather than on the spot; it now seems clear that this is because their minds are so naturally abuzz with activity that they need to shut out external distractions in order to prepare their ideas.”)
29. Ibid., 234.
30. Kahnweiler, Quiet Influence, 13.
31. Dembling, Introverts in Love, 20.
32. Dembling, The Introvert’s Way, 29.
33. Ibid., 30.
34. Ibid., 31.
35. Dembling, Introverts in Love, 32.
36. Laney, 69.
37. Ibid.
38. Ibid.
39. Ibid., 69–70.
40. Ibid., 72.
41. Ibid., 72–73.
42. Ibid., 71.
43. Neurotransmitters: Serotonin, GABA, Dopamine, and Acetylcholine. http://knowmental.com/neurotransmitters-serotonin-gaba-dopamine-acetylcholine/.
44. Laney, 51.
45. Arnie Kozak, Ph.D., The Everything Guide to the Introvert Edge (Avon, MA: Adams Media, 2013), 25.
46. Laney, 243.
47. Ibid., 48.
48. Cain, 46.
49. Tanner, 38, citing Adam McHugh, author of Introverts in the Church (Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity Press, 2009).
50. Laney, 86.
51. Cain, 122.
52. Laney, 197.
53. Flanagan, Bill, U2: At the End of the World (New York: Delacorte Press, 1995), 44–45.
54. Laney, 197.
55. Ibid., 83.
56. Tanner, 16.
57. Laney, 191–192.
58. Ibid., 192.
59. Dembling, The Introvert’s Way, 157.
60. Kahnweiler, Quiet Influence, 8–9.
61. Researchers note that public speaking is “an inherently stimulating activity,” and that overstimulation can interfere with focus and memory. Cain, 126.
62. Cain, 122.
63. Laney, 19.
64. Ibid., 23.
65. Dembling, The Introvert’s Way, 34.
66. Tanner, 32.
67. Kahnweiler, Quiet Influence, 19.
68. Laney, 141.
69. Ibid., 152.
70. Ibid., 52.
71. Ibid., 193.
72. Ibid., 133.
73. Kahnweiler, Quiet Influence, 11.
74. Laney, 123.
75. Kozak, 135.
76. Laney, 184.
77. Ibid.
78. Ibid., 171.
79. Cain, 129.
80. Kozak, 21.
81. Dembling, The Introvert’s Way, 22.
82. Ibid., 87.
83. Kahnweiler, Quiet Influence, ix.
84. Laney, 166.
85. Dembling, The Introvert’s Way, 144.
86. Laney, 53.
87. Ibid., 28.
88. Ibid., 156.
89. Ibid., 55.
90. Peter R. Breggin, MD, Guilt, Shame, and Anxiety: Understanding and Overcoming Negative Emotions (Amherst, NY: Prometheus Books, 2014), 114.
91. Ibid., 125.
92. Ibid., 116.
93. Laney, 43.
94. Ibid., 156.
95. Ibid., 43.
96. Hilliard, 10.
97. Steve Flowers, The Mindful Path Through Shyness (Oakland, CA: New Harbinger Publications, 2009), 19.
98. Ibid., 18.
99. Barbara G. Markway, Ph.D. and Gregory P. Markway, Ph.D., Painfully Shy: How to Overcome Social Anxiety and Reclaim Your Life (New York: Thomas Dunne Books, 2001), 13; Flowers, 2.
100. Flowers, 2.
101. Ibid., 19.
102. Laney, 157.
103. Ibid., 156.
104. Ibid., 43.
105. Breggin, 77.
106. Ibid., 78.
107. Ibid., 79.
108. Ibid., 164.
109. Flowers, 95.
110. http://www.valhl.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/6Challenges-of-Practicing-Law-While-Struggling-with-Depression-and-Anxiety.pdf; http://www.daveneefoundation.org/scholarship/lawyers-and-depression/.
111. http://www.valhl.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/6Challenges-of-Practicing-Law-While-Struggling-with-Depression-and-Anxiety.pdf; http://www.daveneefoundation.org/scholarship/lawyers-and-depression/.
112. http://www.valhl.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/6Challenges-of-Practicing-Law-While-Struggling-with-Depression-and-Anxiety.pdf; http://www.daveneefoundation.org/scholarship/lawyers-and-depression/.
113. Paul Foxman, in Hilliard, xi.
114. Kozak, 47.
115. Foxman, in Hilliard, xi.
116. Flowers, 20 (citing the American Psychiatric Association, 2004).
117. Ibid., 69. (“Social anxiety is essentially created and perpetuated by the words in our heads about ourselves and other people. Anxiety feeds on the things we say to ourselves and therefore requires frequent verbal maintenance to keep regenerating itself.”).
118. Kozak, 47.
119. Hilliard, 9.
120. Flowers, 21 (citing D. H. Barlow, Anxiety and Its Disorders: The Nature and Treatment of Anxiety and Panic, 2d. ed. (New York: Guilford Press, 2002)); see also Hilliard, 12, 19, 28.
121. Kozak, 47; Hilliard, xvi.
122. Hilliard, 25.
123. Christopher Phillips, Socrates Café: A Fresh Taste of Philosophy (New York: W.W. Norton & Co., 2001).
124. William A. Bablitch, “Reflection on The Art and Craft of Judging,” The Judges’ Journal 42, no. 4 (2003): 7, 8.
125. Paul Johnson, Socrates: A Man for Our Times (New York: Penguin Books, 2011), 29–31.
126. Ibid., 28.
127. Ibid., 95.
128. Phillips, 8.
129. Ronald Gross, Socrates’ Way: Seven Master Keys to Using Your Mind to the Utmost (New York: Jeremy P. Tarcher/Putnam 2002), 82.
130. Johnson, 7.
131. Plato, Phaedrus, 230a.
132. Johnson, 78.
133. Gross, 8.
134. Phillips, 200.
135. Ibid., 11.
136. Ibid., 18.
137. Ibid., 20.
138. Gross, 53.
139. Phillips, 235. See also Johnson, 112 (emphasizing “Socrates’ importance in revealing the need for definition of terms”).
140. Phillips, 234.
141. Gross, 59.
142. Johnson, 79.
143. Ibid., 88.
144. Ibid., 106.
145. Phillips, 49 (emphasis added).
146. Ibid., 210.
147. Ibid., 49.
148. Ibid., 159.
149. Gross, 65.
150. Ibid., 37.
151. Ibid., 85.
152. Ibid., 37.
153. Tanner, 182.
154. Cain, 255 (“Extroverts tend to like movement, stimulation, collaborative work. Introverts prefer lectures, downtime, and independent projects.”).
155. Ibid., 253.
156. Ibid.
157. Kozak, 152.
158. Katherine Schultz, “Why Introverts Shouldn’t Be Forced to Talk in Class,” Washington Post (February 12, 2013).
159. “Socrates Café are gatherings around the world where people from different backgrounds get together and exchange thoughtful ideas and experiences while embracing the central theme of Socratizing; the idea that we learn more when we question, and question with others.” http://www.philosopher.org/Socrates_Cafe.html.
160. Phillips, 29.
161. Cain, 51.
162. Ibid., 167.
163. Ibid., 168–169.
164. For more information about the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) personality inventory, please see Note 16.
165. Cain, 108.
166. Ibid., 265.
167. Gross, 92.
168. Kahnweiler, 10.
169. Michael Sullivan, “The Lawyer as Counselor,” Defense Counsel Journal 76 (April 2009): 253, 254.
170. Ibid.
171. William Prewitt Kralovec, “Contemporary Legal Education: A Critique and Proposal for Reform,” Willamette Law Review 32 (1996): 577, 578.
172. Kevin Houchin, Esq. https://lawyerist.com/29242/attorney-counselor-law-ambiguity/.
173. Ibid.
174. Jack W. Burtch, Jr., “The Lawyer as Counselor,” Virginia Lawyer 58 (April 2010): 27.
175. Ibid.
176. Thomas J. Ryan, “Attorney and Counselor at Law,” Michigan Bar Journal 79 (December 2000): 1624.
177. Ibid.
178. Ibid., 1625–1626.
179. Marjorie M. Shultz and Sheldon Zedeck, “Predicting Lawyer Effectiveness: A New Assessment for Use in Law School Admission Decisions” (July 31, 2009). CELS 2009 4th Annual Conference on Empirical Legal Studies Paper; http://www.albanylaw.edu/media/user/faculty_scholarship/wkshops/Presentation_Materials/Lawyering_Effectiveness.pdf.
180. http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/sympathy.
181. http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/empathy.
182. The Difference Between Sympathy and Empathy. http://themindunleashed.org/2015/01/difference-sympathy-empathy.html.
183. http://www.boundlessawareness.com/.
184. Kahnweiler, Quiet Influence, 76.
185. Joshua D. Rosenberg, “Teaching Empathy in Law School,” University of San Francisco Law Review 36 (Spring 2002): 621, 632.
186. Emily J. Gould, Esq., “The Empathy Debate: The Role of Empathy in Law, Mediation, and the New Professionalism,” Vermont Bar Journal 36, no. 3 (Fall 2010): 23.
187. Ian Gallacher, “Thinking Like Non-Lawyers: Why Empathy is a Core Lawyering Skill and Why Legal Education Should Change to Reflect Its Importance,” Legal Communication & Rhetoric: JALWD 8 (Fall 2011): 109–110.
188. Rosenberg, 632.
189. Gallacher, 110.
190. Rosenberg, 637–638.
191. Gould, 23.
192. Gallacher, 113.
193. Gould, 23.
194. Janeen Kerper, “Creative Problem Solving vs. The Case Method: A Marvelous Adventure in which Winnie-the-Pooh Meets Mrs. Palsgraf,” California Western Law Review 34, no. 2 (1998): 351, 366.
195. Bablitch, 8.
196. Aharon Barak, “Let There Be Law: Judging as a Way of Life,” Legal Affairs 28 (2002). (“A judge should show intellectual humility. The strength of his judgments is displayed in his ability to admit errors.”); Aharon Barak, “The Role of a Judge in a Democracy,” Judicature 88 (March-April 2005): 199, 200. (“The strength of our judgment lies in our ability to be self-critical and to admit our errors in the appropriate instances. Law has not started with us. It will not end with us.”); Wayne D. Brazil, Jordan Eth, Thelton E. Anderson, “In Memory of Chief Judge Robert F. Peckham,” Hastings Law Journal 44 (1993): 973, 977. (In a memoriam to a Chief Judge of the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California: “Perhaps because of this fundamental intellectual humility, he could hear others without a trace of that defensiveness that can impede real access to other people’s suggestions or insights.”) Notably, Justice and Professor Aharon Barak was appointed Justice of the Supreme Court of Israel in 1978, and served as Supreme Court President from 1995 until 2006.
197. American Federation of Labor v. American Sash and Door Co., 335 U.S. 538, 557 (1949) (Frankfurter J., concurring).
198. John Sexton, “Structuring Global Law Schools,” Dickinson Journal of International Law (Spring 2000): 451, 452. (“[A]n essential feature of the defining perspective embraced by the global law school is intellectual humility. It is understanding that there is wisdom outside of our narrow world—and delighting in being asked the question that you would (have) never asked inside your own thought system.”) John Sexton, “‘Out of the Box’ Thinking About the Training of Lawyers in the Next Millennium,” University of Toledo Law Review 33 (2002): 198–199. (“[P]erhaps the most profound impact of globalization on the enterprise of legal education can be captured in the word ‘humility.’ Discovering a premise that unconsciously shaped one’s thinking is a dramatic moment intellectually, and the repetition of such discoveries should instill intellectual humility and a reluctance to assume that there is a single right answer.”)
199. Brett Scharffs, “The Role of Humility in Exercising Practical Wisdom,” University of California, Davis Law Review 32, no. 127 (1998): 162.
200. Phillip H. Miller, “Critical Thinking in Litigation,” 2013 Annual American Association for Justice Papers (2013): 35.
201. Kahnweiler, Quiet Influence, 9.
202. Scharffs, 162.
203. Laney, 35.
204. Ibid., 198.
205. Kozak, 17.
206. Ibid., 97.
207. Ibid.
208. M. F. Fensholt, The Francis Effect: The Real Reason You Hate Public Speaking and How to Get Over It, 67 (Ontario, CA: Oakmont Press 2006).
209. Flowers, 137.
210. Anna LeMind, “Science Associates Social Anxiety with High IQ Levels and Empathic Abilities,” http://themindunleashed.org/2015/05/science-associates-social-anxiety-with-high-iq-levels-and-empathic-abilities.html (May 15, 2015) (emphasis in original).
211. Hilliard, xvi.
212. Ibid., 38.
213. Kahnweiler, Quiet Influence, 1–2.
214. Ibid., 78.
215. Tanner, 36.
216. Ibid., 158.
217. Adam Clayton, Dave Evans, Larry Mullen, Paul David Hewson. Lyrics © Universal Music Publishing Group.
218. Kahnweiler, Quiet Influence, 73.
219. Cain, 57.
220. Kahnweiler, Quiet Influence, 54.
221. Jennifer Kahnweiler, The Introverted Leader: Building on Your Quiet Strength (Oakland, CA: Berrett-Koehler Publishers 2013), 39.
222. Barbara Roberts attributes her first therapist for those words.
223. Dembling, The Introvert’s Way, 39.
224. Laney, 19.
225. Tanner, 162.
226. Ibid., 41.
227. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Groupthink.
228. Kozak, 95.
229. Ibid., 132.
230. Tanner, 163.
231. Kozak, 118.
232. Ibid., 156.
233. Cain, 74 (italics in original).
234. Susan Cain, “The Rise of the New Groupthink,” New York Times, January 13, 2012, SR1.
235. Helgoe, 88.
236. Kozak, 80.
237. Cain, Quiet, 74.
238. Kerper, 366. (“Creative problem-solving begins with an assumption of not knowing, a confession of ignorance, a kind of bafflement, and a surrender to curiosity.”)
239. Ibid.
240. Cain, 11.
241. Kozak, 17.
242. Kahnweiler, Quiet Influence, 111.
243. Thoughts from Places: The Tour, Nerdfighteria Wiki, January 17, 2012; https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qy6FdaJ6Ayc&feature=BFa&list=UUGaVdbSav8x-WuFWTadK6loA.
244. Gallacher, 110.
245. Ibid., 147.
246. Ibid., 112.
247. Kahnweiler, Quiet Influence, x.
248. Laney, 204.
249. Gould, 24, citing Dorothy J. Della Noce, “Seeing Theory in Practice: An Analysis of Empathy in Mediation,” 15 Negotiation Journal 15, no. 3 (1999): 271.
250. Rosenberg, 633. See also Gould, 23. (“[E]mpathy is a valuable skill for creating good outcomes.”)
251. http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/02/21/women-talk-more-than-men-study_n_2734215.html.
252. Other introverts concur. See http://introvertspring.com/introverts-stay-quiet/ (Michaela Chung).
253. Tanner, 182.
254. Dembling, The Introvert’s Way, 32.
255. Tanner, 176.
256. Theoi Greek Mythology: Exploring Mythology in Classical Literature and Art. http://www.theoi.com/Daimon/Nike.html.
257. The Simpsons: “Bart’s Inner Child” (#5.7) (Fox 1993).
258. Many of the ideas, language, and sources in the second half of this book were previously published and cited in Heidi K. Brown, “Empowering Law Students to Overcome Extreme Public Speaking Anxiety: Why ‘Just Be It’ Works and ‘Just Do It’ Doesn’t,” Duquesne Law Review 53 (Winter 2015): 181–214.
259. Barbara G. Markway, Ph.D.; Cheryl N. Carmin, Ph.D.; C. Alec Pollard, Ph.D.; and Teresa Flynn, Ph.D., Dying of Embarrassment: Help for Social Anxiety & Phobia (Oakland, CA: New Harbinger Publications, Inc., 1992), 24–25.
260. Flowers, 2 (citing J. J. Gross and R. W. Levenson, “Hiding Feelings: The Acute Effects of Inhibiting Negative and Positive Emotion,” Journal of Abnormal Psychology 106, no. 1 (1997): 95–103; C. Purdon, “Thought Suppression and Psychopathology,” Behavior Research and Therapy 37, no. 11 (1999): 1029–1054).
261. Markway, Carmin, et al., 14.
262. Flowers, 41.
263. Ibid.
264. Markway & Markway, 63.
265. Flowers, 108.
266. Plato, Apology, 38a.
267. Flowers, 90.
268. Markway & Markway, 50.
269. Cara Santa Maria, Insanity: The Real Definition, Huffington Post (Feb. 19, 2012), http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/12/20/insanity-definition_n_1159927.html; Daniel D’Addario, “The definition of insanity” is the most overused cliché of all time, Salon (Aug. 6, 2013, 10:33 AM), http://www.salon.com/2013/08/06/the_definition_of_insanity_is_the_most_overused_cliche_of_all_time/; Michael Becker, Einstein on misattribution: ‘I probably didn’t say that.’, Becker’s Online J. (Nov. 13, 2012), http://www.news.hypercrit.net/2012/11/13/einstein-on-misattribution-i-probably-didnt-say-that/.
270. Flowers, 43 (citing M. G. Williams, J. Teasdale, Z. Segal, & J. Kabat-Zinn, The Mindful Way Through Depression: Freeing Yourself from Chronic Unhappiness (2007)).
271. Ibid., 43.
272. Ibid.
273. Ibid., 44.
274. Markway & Markway, 165.
275. Flowers, 84. (“These are the habits of mind and behavior that can get you lost in your shyness patterns and keep you there. So, the more you can illuminate them, the more you may be able to uncouple from some of these automatic reactions.”)
276. Gross, 193.
277. Ibid., 195.
278. Flowers, 148–149.
279. Ibid., 90.
280. Ibid., 42.
281. Breggin, 123.
282. Ivy Naistadt, Speak Without Fear (New York: HarperCollins, 2004), 75.
283. Ibid., 18. As Naistadt emphasizes: “Authenticity is what we respond to most strongly as listeners.” Individuals want to “achieve a style of communicating that is a reflection of who they truly are, not a false notion or imitation of something or someone else they think they should be.” Ibid., 74. Similarly, legal communication experts Brian K. Johnson and Marsha Hunter reiterate that “[g]ood public speaking is not based on pretending, acting, or faking it; you must look, sound, and feel authentic to appear confident, comfortable, and credible.” Brian K. Johnson & Marsha Hunter, The Articulate Attorney: Public Speaking for Lawyers (Phoenix: Crown King Books, 2013), 6.
284. Markway & Markway, 152.
285. Laney, 132.
286. Tanner, 17.
287. Naistadt, 3–4.
288. Ibid., 16.
289. Ibid., 18.
290. Flowers, 31.
291. Ibid., 27.
292. Ibid., 38.
293. Phillips, 114.
294. Ibid., 94.
295. Ibid., 95.
296. Ibid., 94.
297. Ibid.
298. Ibid., 97.
299. Naistadt, 30.
300. Ibid., 31 (emphasis in original)
301. Breggin, 35.
302. Flowers, 26 (2009) (citing J. Kagan, Galen’s Prophecy: Temperament in Human Nature (1994)).
303. Ibid., 105.
304. Hilliard, 20–21.
305. Markway & Markway, 38.
306. Naistadt, 57.
307. Ibid., 62.
308. Markway & Markway, 37.
309. Flowers, 175 (adults can “learn how to give [them]selves the safe and secure base of self-compassion that [they] never had before”).
310. Naistadt, 62.
311. Ibid., 66.
312. Breggin, 123.
313. Ibid., 200 (“promise yourself not to act on painful feelings as they arise inside you.”).
314. Markway & Markway, 115 (encouraging labeling the messages “misleading and maladaptive”).
315. Ibid., 112.
316. Flowers, 102.
317. Hilliard, 141.
318. Flowers, 104.
319. Ibid., 119 (“When you shift your awareness into a physical place grounded in the body and attend to what’s happening right now, your attention can stop contracting around some idea of a future calamity and expand to take in the whole spectrum of sensations, emotions, and thoughts occurring right now. Notice the changing and impermanent nature of each of these mental and physical events and allow your attention to settle in the physical sensations. You might acknowledge that this is just another anxiety event, and that it too will pass.”); see also Markway & Markway, 57 (“[I]f you’re feeling anxious, you’re feeling anxious. That’s all. It doesn’t mean it’s horrible or catastrophic. It doesn’t mean the anxiety will last forever. It doesn’t mean you won’t be able to handle it. It doesn’t mean anything except that you’re feeling anxious at a particular moment.”).
320. Flowers, 99.
321. Ibid., 103.
322. Ibid., 118 (“… [A]cknowledge or note ‘anxiety,’ give it some space, and feel into it with gentle curiosity. You stay. You breathe. You let the feeling of anxiety just be there.”).
323. Ibid., 91.
324. Ibid., 118, 145–146.
325. Ibid., 119.
326. Ibid., 106.
327. Naistadt, 62.
328. Hilliard, 43.
329. Flowers, 119.
330. Hilliard, 44.
331. Ibid., 166.
332. Flowers, 109.
333. Hilliard, 58.
334. Breggin, 142.
335. Ibid., 143–144.
336. Hilliard, 63 (encouraging individuals to “take ownership” of blushing by stating, “I am blushing myself.”).
337. Ibid., 60.
338. Ibid., 64.
339. Ibid., 62.
340. Johnson & Hunter, 10.
341. Ibid.
342. Ibid., 59.
343. Naistadt, 146.
344. Ibid., 33.
345. Ibid., 145–146.
346. Ibid., 147.
347. Johnson & Hunter, 10.
348. Ibid., 12.
349. Breggin, 237.
350. Markway, Carmin, et al., 69.
351. Ibid.
352. Ibid.
353. Ibid., 70.
354. Ibid.
355. Hilliard, 151.
356. Laney, 179.
357. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lfsf2gbR4K8.
358. Breggin, 237.
359. The suggestions in this chapter were inspired by and adapted from Ivy Naistadt’s list: balance, breath control, eye contact, hand placement and gestures, and vocal power. Naistadt, 147.
360. Naistadt, 148.
361. Johnson & Hunter, 50.
362. Naistadt, 146.
363. http://www.ted.com/talks/amy_cuddy_your_body_language_shapes_who_you_are?language=en.
364. Johnson & Hunter, 21.
365. We just need to be sure that the tangible object is not an obvious or distracting one, like a pen. No matter how hard we try not to, we will inevitably click a pen, or flick it against the podium.
366. Johnson & Hunter, 60.
367. Naistadt, 165.
368. Ibid.
369. Ibid.
370. Kahnweiler, The Introverted Leader, 90.
371. http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/blushing/Pages/causes.aspx. The irrational fear of blushing is called erythrophobia.
372. Hilliard, 63 (encouraging individuals to “take ownership” of blushing by stating, “I am blushing myself.”).
373. Ibid., 60.
374. Flowers, 145.
375. Markway, Carmin, et al., 81.
376. Flowers, 149.
377. Ibid.
378. Ibid., 163.
379. Markway & Markway, 152. (“The trick is to break your fears into a series of steps, with the first few steps being only mildly challenging, with later steps increasing in difficulty. To do this, you create what’s called a ‘hierarchy’—a list of the situations that elicit anxiety, rank ordered by the amount of distress each would lead to if you entered the situation.”).
380. Markway, Carmin, et al., 107 (citing a 1981 study by Drs. Andrew Matthews, Matthew Gelder, and Derek Johnson).
381. Hilliard, 175.
382. Flowers, 120.
383. Markway & Markway, 153.
384. Ibid.
385. Hilliard, 180.
386. Markway & Markway, 146.
387. Hilliard, 175.
388. http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/habituation.
389. https://www.google.com/webhp?sourceid=chrome-instant&rlz=1C1CHWA_enUS644US644&ion=1&espv=2&ie=UTF-8#q=habituation%20definition.
390. http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/desensitize.
391. Markway, Carmin, et al., 82.
392. Fensholt, 67.
393. Markway & Markway, 152.
394. Hilliard, 124.
395. Johnson & Hunter, 13.
396. Naistadt, 176.
397. The Honorable Kenneth F. Ripple, “Legal Writing in the New Millennium: Lessons from a Special Teacher and a Special ‘Classroom,’” Notre Dame Law Review 74 (March 1999): 925, 926.
398. http://www.nytimes.com/2014/06/03/science/whats-lost-as-handwriting-fades.html?_r=0 (Maria Konnikova, June 2, 2014).
399. http://www.medicaldaily.com/why-using-pen-and-paper-not-laptops-boosts-memory-writing-notes-helps-recall-concepts-ability-268770 (Lizette Borreli, February 6, 2014); http://pss.sagepub.com/content/early/2014/04/22/0956797614524581.abstract.
400. Ibid.
401. Some of the suggestions in this chapter also appear in Heidi K. Brown, The Mindful Legal Writer: Mastering Predictive Writing, Appendix F (New York: Wolters Kluwer Law & Business (Aspen Publishers) 2015) and Heidi K. Brown, The Mindful Legal Writer: Mastering Persuasive Writing, Chapter 11 (New York: Wolters Kluwer Law & Business (Aspen Publishers) 2016).
402. Flowers, 104.
403. http://www.musicnotes.com/blog/2014/08/19/popular-pre-show-rituals/ (Aug. 19, 2014).
404. http://www.nytimes.com/1999/08/22/sports/baseball-between-pitches-twist-tap-a-game-within-the-game.html (Buster Olney, August 22, 1999).
405. Gross, 97.
406. http://ignitedleadership.com/6-ways-to-destroy-your-fear-of-public-speaking/ (May 21, 2013); www.jasonconnell.co.
407. Naistadt, 190.
408. Ibid.
409. Some of the suggestions in this section (and in the section on courtroom appearance) also appear in Heidi K. Brown, The Mindful Legal Writer: Mastering Predictive Writing, Appendix F (New York: Wolters Kluwer Law & Business (Aspen Publishers) 2015) and Heidi K. Brown, The Mindful Legal Writer: Mastering Persuasive Writing, Chapter 11 (New York: Wolters Kluwer Law & Business (Aspen Publishers) 2016).
410. See, for example, Roger C. Park, Trial Objections Handbook 2d, Appendix B (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1991).
411. Kozak, 163.
412. This phrase is attributed to Gotham Writing Workshop teacher and author Stephanie Elizondo Griest, who is now a writing professor at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. During critiques of our memoir-writing, she asked participants to identify one aspect of each writer’s piece that “we love” and one “that could use more love.”
413. Tanner, 182.
414. Friedrich Nietzsche, Twilight of the Idols, or, How to Philosophize with a Hammer (1889).
415. Rosenberg, 646. (“Obviously, the typical law school environment is often not conducive to students feeling that kind of safety.”)
416. Alan D. Hornstein, Tributes to Professor Edward Tomilson, 64 Md. L. Rev. 947, 952 (2005); Kralovec, 32 Willamette L. Rev. at 586 (“Progress in [the quest for a shared professional identity] can be made, however, only if the legal professorate is willing to lay down its extraordinary mantle of power and assume greater intellectual humility vis-à-vis students.”).
417. Kerper, 367 n.62.
418. Max Maxwell, “The Socratic Temperament, PDF Files,” http://www.socraticmethod.net/essays/ST_pdf_versions.html.
419. Ibid., 2.
420. Ibid., 2–3.
421. Ibid., 3–4.
422. Scharffs, 162.
423. https://www.insidehighered.com/blogs/just-visiting/failure-empathy#.V5_1zvRTxPA.facebook (John Warner, Aug. 2, 2016) (discussing empathy in teaching).
424. See http://www.myersbriggs.org/my-mbti-personality-type/take-the-mbti-instrument/.