Contents

PREFACE

THE SOURCES

Mesopotamia, Bactria and India

AN OVERVIEW

Armenia, Mesopotamia and the Gulf Region, Assyria and Apolloniatis, The Iranian Plateau, Bactria, India

I. ARMENIA

Arsamosata, Artaxata, Artemita, Epiphaneia on the Tigris, Nicea Nialia, Nikopolis, Philadelpheia, Tigranokerta

II. NORTHERN MESOPOTAMIA

Alagma, Alexandreia in Mesopotamia, Alexandreia in Mygdonia, Amida, Anthemousias Charax Sidou, Antioch Arabis, Antioch in Mygdonia, Apameia on the Euphrates, Dara/Dora, Diospage, Edessa/Antioch on the Kallirhoe, Ichnai, Kallinikon, Karrhai, Kirkesion, Makedonoupolis, Nikatoris, Nikephorion Constantina/Constantia, Nikephorion (Raqqah), Polyteleia, Selok, Stratonikeia, Zenodotion

III. ASSYRIA AND APOLLONIATIS/SITTAKENE

Alexandreia Arbela, Alexandreia in Assyria, Antioch, Apameia, Apollonia, Artemita, Atousia, Beth Nikator/Nikator Station, Chala, Demetrias, Diadochoupolis, Karka de Beth Selok, Ktesiphon, Laodikeia, Natounia or Natounisarokerta, Nikator, Selok near Karka Juddan, Sittake

IV. SOUTHERN MESOPOTAMIA AND THE PERSIAN GULF

Alexandreia/Antioch/Spasinou Charax, Alexandreia near Babylon, [Alexandreia] near the Pallakopas, Alexandreia on the Tigris, Alexandrou Nesos Arakia, Altars of Alexander, Antioch in Persis, Antioch on the Ishtar Canal, Apameia in Mesene, Apameia near the Seleias, Apollonia, Arethousa, Artemita, Babylon, Bahrain, Chalkis, Ikaros, Karrhai, Larisa, Neapolis on the Euphrates, *Nikatoropolis, Portus Macedonum, Seleukeia on the Erythraean Sea, Seleukeia on the Euphrates (Babylonia), Seleukeia on the Tigris, Seleukeia ΥΠΟ ΠΕΡΣΩΝ, Trapezous, Uruk, Zetis

V. ELYMAIS, SUSIANA, PERSIS, AND CARMANIA

Alexandreia ΕΠΙ ΣΟΥΣΟΙΣ, Alexandreia in Carmania, Alexandreia in Susiana, Alexandreia ΠΡΟΣ ΠΕΡΣΑΣ, Alexandrou Nesos Arakia, Altars of Alexander, Antioch in Persis, Arbis in Gedrosia, Gabai, Hermoupolis, Ionaka Polis, Laodikeia, Masjid-i Sulaiman, Methone, Portus Macedonum, Seleukeia in Elymais, Seleukeia near the Hedyphon, Seleukeia on the Erythraean Sea, Seleukeia on the Eulaios, Stasis, Tanagra, Tragonike, Zetis

VI. MEDIA, HYRCANIA, AND PARTHIA

Achaia in Parthia, Alexandropolis, Apameia, Bisitun, Charax, Charis, Epiphaneia Ekbatana, Eumeneia, Europos Rhagai, Hekatompylos, Herakleia, Kalliope, Kangavar, Karafto, Khurha, Laodikeia in Media, Laodikeia Nihavand, Nisaia (Nigaia), Settlements Founded by Alexander among the Kossaioi, Sirynx, Soteira

VII. ARIA, SOGDIANA, BACTRIA, AND ARACHOSIA

Achaia in Aria, Aï Khanoum, Alexandreia/Alexandropolis in Sakastane, Alexandreia/Antioch in Margiana, Alexandreia/Antioch in Scythia, Alexandreia/Antioch Tharmata, Alexandreia Eschate, Alexandreia in Arachosia, Alexandreia in Aria, Alexandreia in Opiane, Alexandreia in Parapamisadai, Alexandreia in Sogdiana, Alexandreia Kapisa, Alexandreia near Baktra, Alexandreia of the Caucasus, Alexandreia on the Tanais, Alexandreia Oxeiana, Alexandreschata in Scythia, Antioch, Arigaion, Artakoana/Artakaena, Demetrias in Arachosia, Demetrias in Sogdiana, Eukratideia, Herakleia/Achais (Achaia), Iasonion, Kadrusia/um, Kampyr Tepe, Marakanda, Nikaia, Prophthasia, Rhoitia in Bactria, Soteira, Tetragonis, Thera in Sogdiana

VIII. INDIA

Alexander’s Harbor, Alexandreia [?] at the Junction of the Akesines and Indus, Alexandreia by Poros, Alexandreia in Makarene, Alexandreia ΚΑΤΑ ΤΟΝ ΜΕΛΑΝΑ ΚΟΛΠΟΝ, Alexandreia of the Oreitai, Alexandreia [?] of the Sogdoi, [Alexandreia] on the Akesines, Alexandreia ΠΑΡΑ ΣΩΡΙΑΝΟΙΣ, Alexandreia Rhambakia, Alexandropolis, Antioch Tharmata, Arbis, Asterousia, Barke, Bazira, Boukephala, Byzantion, Charis, Daidala, Demetrias in Sind, Iomousa, Kalliope, Leuke, Massaga, [Chief City of] Musikanos/oi, Nagara Dionysopolis, Nikaia, Nysa, Ora, Massaga, and Bazira, Orobatis, Pantipolis, Patala, Pentapolis, Pushkalavati, Sagala Euthymedia, Salagissa, Taxila, Theophila, Xoana, Xylinepolis

APPENDICES

I.		Founders
II.		Settlements in Mesopotamia and Iran Attributed to Alexander
III.		Greek and Macedonian Toponyms and Names/Words That (Re)appear in Mesopotamia and Regions Farther East
IV.		Refoundations and New Foundations
V.		Foundations at or near Major Religious Centers
VI.		Civic Institutions and Offices
VII.		Ethnics and Toponyms
VIII.		The Toponymy of the Hellenistic Settlements
IX.		Polis Hellenis (with the assistance of Mischa Hooker)
X.		The Ethnic “Babylonian,”

ABBREVIATIONS

SELECT BIBLIOGRAPHY

INDEX

MAPS