Contents

Foreword by Stephen Hawking

Introduction by Frederick Seitz

Preface

what this book is about, and how to read it

Prologue: A Voyage among the Holes

in which the reader, in a science fiction tale, encounters black holes and all their strange properties as best we understand them in the 1990s

1. The Relativity of Space and Time

in which Einstein destroys Newton’s conceptions of space and time as Absolute

2. The Warping of Space and Time

in which Hermann Minkowski unifies space and time, and Einstein warps them

3. Black Holes Discovered and Rejected

in which Einstein’s laws of warped spacetime predict black holes, and Einstein rejects the prediction

4. The Mystery of the White Dwarfs

in which Eddington and Chandrasekhar do battle over the deaths of massive stars; must they shrink when they die, creating black holes? or will quantum mechanics save them?

5. Implosion Is Compulsory

in which even the nuclear force, supposedly the strongest of all forces, cannot resist the crush of gravity

6. Implosion to What?

in which all the armaments of theoretical physics cannot ward off the conclusion: implosion produces black holes

7. The Golden Age

in which black holes are found to spin and pulsate, store energy and release it, and have no hair

8. The Search

in which a method to search for black holes in the sky is proposed and pursued and succeeds (probably)

9. Serendipity

in which astronomers are forced to conclude, without any prior predictions, that black holes a millionfold heavier than the Sun inhabit the cores of galaxies (probably)

10. Ripples of Curvature

in which gravitational waves carry to Earth encoded symphonies of black holes colliding, and physicists devise instruments to monitor the waves and decipher their symphonies

11. What Is Reality?

in which spacetime is viewed as curved on Sundays and flat on Mondays, and horizons are made from vacuum on Sundays and charge on Mondays, but Sundays experiments and Monday’s experiments agree in all details

12. Black Holes Evaporate

in which a black-hole horizon is clothed in an atmosphere of radiation and hot particles that slowly evaporate, and the hole shrinks and then explodes

13. Inside Black Holes

in which physicists, wrestling with Einstein s equation, seek the secret of what is inside a black hole: a route into another universe? a singularity with infinite tidal gravity? the end of space and time, and birth of quantum foam?

14. Wormholes and Time Machines

in which the author seeks insight into physical laws by asking: can highly advanced civilizations build wormholes through hyperspace for rapid interstellar travel and machines for traveling backward in time?

Epilogue

an overview of Einstein’s legacy, past and future, and an update on several central characters

Acknowledgments

my debts of gratitude to friends and colleagues who influenced this book

Characters

a list of characters who appear significantly at several different places in the book

Chronology

a chronology of events, insights, and discoveries

Glossary

definitions of exotic terms

Notes

what makes me confident of what I say?

Bibliography

People Index

Subject Index