1 The Rocky Road
1. O. Von Bismarck, Letter, 9/7/1866
2. H. Rawlinson, quoted in R. Prior & T. Wilson, Command on the Western Front (Oxford: Blackwell, 1992), p. 25
3. Ibid., p. 78
4. D.Haig, The Man I Knew (London: Moray Press, 1936), p. viii
5. D. Haig, quoted in W. S. Churchill, World Crisis, 1916–1918 (London: Thornton Butterworth), Part II, p. 445
6. J. Charteris, At G.H.Q. (London: Cassell & Co, 1931), p. 129
7. J. Charteris, Field Marshal Earl Haig (London: Cassell & Co, 1929), pp. 205–6
8. J. Charteris, At G.H.Q, p. 164
9. D. Haig, diary entry 18/1/1916 quoted in G. Sheffield & J. Bourne (eds), Douglas Haig: War Diaries and Letters 1914–18 (Weidenfeld & Nicolson, forthcoming)
10. J. Charteris, At G.H. & p. 134
11. D. Haig, diary entry 1/1/1916, edited by R. Blake, The Private Papers of Douglas Haig, 1914–1919 (London: Eyre & Spottiswoode, 1952), p. 122
12. J. Charteris, At G.H.Q, P. 129
13. J. Joffre, quoted in J. E. Edmonds, History of the Great War: Military Operations, France and Belgium, 1916 (Woking: Shearer Publications, 1986), pp. 26–7
14. D. Haig, diary entry 29/3/1916, edited by R. Blake, The Private Papers of Douglas Haig, 1914–1919, p. 137
15. D. Haig, diary entry 26/5/1916, quoted in G. Sheffield & J. Bourne (eds), Douglas Haig: War Diaries and Letters 1914–18
16. D. Haig, letter to Viscount Bertie of Thame 5/6/1916, quoted in G. Sheffield & J. Bourne (eds) Douglas Haig: War Diaries and Letters 1914–18
2 Armies and Weapons
1. IWM SOUND: H. Hayward, AC 9422
2. A. Dalby, quoted in L. Milner, Leeds Pals: A History of the 15th (Service) Battalion, West Yorkshire Regiment, 1914–1918 (Barnsley: Leo Cooper, 1993), pp. 22 & 25
3. M. Fleming, ibid., pp. 23 & 25–6
4. Anon. Reporter, Manchester Guardian 22/3/1915, quoted in M. Stedman, Salford Pals: 15th, 16th, 19th and 20th Battalions Lancashire Fusiliers (Barnsley: Leo Cooper, 1993), p. 53
5. IWM DOCS: W. T. Colyer, Manuscript account, ‘War Impressions’, pp. 200–201
6. IWM SOUND: B. Farrer, AC 9552, Reel 13
7. IWM DOCS: W. T. Colyer, Manuscript account, ‘War Impressions’
8. National Army Museum: F. A. M. Maxwell, Manuscript copies of letters, 23/6/1916
9. IWM DOCS: D. N. Menaud-Lissenburg, Typescript memoir, p. 175
10. IWM SOUND: G. Cole, AC 9535, Reel 6
11. IWM SOUND: M. S. Cleeve, AC 7310, Reel 2
12. IWM SOUND: L. G. Ounsworth, AC 332, Reel 4
13. IWM DOCS: A. F. D. Darlington, Typescript account
14. Ibid.
15. IWM DOCS: E. B. Lord, Typescript account, pp. 13–14
16. F. C. Stanley, The History of the 89th Brigade, 1914–1918 (Liverpool: Daily Post, 1919), p. 119
17. Ibid., pp. 119–120
18. IWM DOCS: S. W. Appleyard, Transcript diary, pp. 56–7
19. IWM DOCS: W. T. Colyer, Manuscript account, ‘War Impressions’, pp. 200–201
20. IWM SOUND: P. Neame, AC 48, Reel 4
3 Moving On Up
1. IWM SOUND: R. Miller, AC 11961, Reel 4
2. IWM DOCS: A. L. Atkins, Typescript letter, p. 22
3. IWM DOCS: A V Conn, Typescript account
4. IWM DOCS: D. Starrett, Typescript account, pp. 48–9
5. IWM DOCS: A. V Conn, Typescript account
6. D. Haig, diary entry 4/4/1916, quoted in G. Sheffield & J. Bourne (eds), Douglas Haig: War Diaries and Letters 1914–18
7. H. Rawlinson quoted in R. Prior & T. Wilson, Command on the Western Front, p. 149
8. D. Haig, diary entry 27/6/1916, quoted in G. Sheffield & J. Bourne (eds), Douglas Haig: War Diaries and Letters 1914–18
9. IWM DOCS: A. Home, Typescript diary, 22/6/1916
10. D. Haig, diary entry 17/6/1916, quoted in G. Sheffield & J. Bourne (eds), Douglas Haig: War Diaries and Letters 1914–18
11. IWM DOCS: B. S. Philpotts Collection: F. H. Aincham, Typescript account
12. IWM DOCS: W. H. Bloor, Typescript diary, 23/6/1916
13. J. E. Edmonds, History of the Great War: Military Operations, France and Belgium, 1916, p. 283
14. IWM DOCS: S. W. Appleyard, Transcript diary, p. 57
15. IWM DOCS: F. L. Cassel, Typescript account
16. IWM DOCS: R. Stockman, Typescript memoir
17. Ibid.
18. T. Snow, quoted in J. E. Edmonds, History of the Great War: Military Operations, France and Belgium, 1916, p. 460
19. IWM DOCS: W T. Colyer, Manuscript account, ‘War Impressions’
20. IWM DOCS: C. Carter, Typescript account, Pt 3, pp. 2–3
21. IWM SOUND: N. M. Dillon, AC 9752, Reel 7
22. IWM DOCS: D. N. Menaud-Lissenburg, Typescript memoir, pp. 168–9
23. IWM SOUND: M. S. Cleeve, AC 7310, Reel 2
24. Ibid., Reel 3
25. Ibid., Reel 2
26. IWM DOCS: D. N. Menaud-Lissenburg, Typescript memoir, pp. 180–1
27. IVM DOCS: C. C. May, Typescript diary, 16/6/1916
28. IWM SOUND: L. G. Ounsworth, AC 332, Reel 4
29. N. Fraser-Tytler, Field Guns in France (London: Hutchinson & Co, 1922), pp. 73–4
30. IWM DOCS: A. L. Atkins, Typescript letter, pp. 25–6
31. IWM DOCS: W. P. Nevill, Edited from manuscript letters, 16/6/1916, 18/6/1916 & 22/6/1916
32. IWM DOCS: D. N. Menaud-Lissenburg, Typescript memoir, p. 178
33. IWM DOCS: W. H. Bloor, Typescript diary, 24/6/1916
34. IWM DOCS: C. G. Lawson, Typescript letters, 24/6/1916
35. IWM DOCS: R. G. Ingle, Typescript diary, 24/6/1916
36. IWM DOCS: C. C. May, Typescript diary, 25/6/1916
37. IWM DOCS: W. H. Bloor, Typescript diary, 25/6/1916
38. IWM DOCS: D. N. Menaud-Lissenburg, Typescript memoir, pp. 168–9
39. IWM DOCS: W. H. Bloor, Typescript diary, 26/6/1916
40. Diary quoted in T. Chalmers, History of the 15th Battalion, The Highland Light Infantry (Glasgow: John McCallum & Co, 1934), p. 68
41. Ibid.
42. IWM DOCS: F. L. Cassel, Typescript account
43. Ibid.
44. Ibid.
45. Ibid.
46. IWM DOCS: H. C. Rees, A Personal Record of the War, 1915–1916–1917’
47. IWM DOCS: W T. Colyer, Manuscript account, ‘War Impressions’
48. Ibid.
49. IWM DOCS: R. G. Ingle, Typescript diary, 25/6/1916
50. IWM SOUND: R. Miller, AC 11961, Reel 4
51. IWM DOCS: C. C. May, Typescript diary, 28/6/1916
52. Ibid., 29/6/1916
53. IWM SOUND: H. Tansley, AC 13682, Reel 1 (Recorded for BBC Radio 4, A Summer Day on the Somme, broadcast 27/6/1976)
54. IWM DOCS: E. B. Lord, Typescript account, p. 16
55. IWM DOCS: A. L. Atkins, Typescript letter, p. 29
56. C. W. Wood, quoted in The Robin Hoods: 117th, 217th and 3/7th Battalions, Sherwood Foresters (Nottingham: J. & H. Bell Ltd, 1921), p.201
57. D. Haig, diary entry 30/6/1916, quoted in G. Sheffield & J. Bourne (eds), Douglas Haig: War Diaries and Letters 1914–18
58. W. D. Allen quoted in O. Rutter, The History of the Seventh (Service) The Royal Sussex Regiment (London: Times Publishing Company, 1934), p. 83
59. IWM DOCS: D N. Menaud-Lissenburg, Typescript memoir, p. 182
60. IWM DOCS: W. T. Colyer, Manuscript account, ‘War Impressions’
61. Ibid.
62. IWM SOUND: A. Irwin, AC 211
63. IWM DOCS: W. P. Nevill, Manuscript letter, 18/6/1916
64. J. Engall, ‘A Farewell letter, 30/6/1916’, The New Chequers (The Journal of the Friends of Lochnagar), No. 4, pp. 24–5
65. IWM DOCS: C. C. May, Typescript diary, 17/6/1916
66. IWM DOCS: E. C. Crosse, Typescript diary, 4/7/1916–5/7/1916
67. N. Hodgson, Poem: Before Action, 30/6/1916
68. IWM DOCS: E. C. Crosse, Typescript manuscript, ‘The History of the Chaplains’ Department in the War, 1914–1918’, pp. 62–3
69. Diary quoted in T. Chalmers, History of the 15th Battalion, p. 69
4 1 July 1916
1. IWM DOCS: C. C.May, Typescript diary, 1/7/1916
2. H. Baumber, ‘The Grimbsy Chums’, The New Chequers, p.9
3. IWM DOCS: W. T. Colyer, Manuscript account, ‘War Impressions’
4. Ibid.
5. IWM SOUND: A. Irwin, AC 211
6. A. W. Andrews (edited by S. Richardson), Orders are Orders: A Manchester Pal on the Somme (Manchester: Neil Richardson, 1987), p. 48
7. IWM DOCS: W A. Vignoles, Typescript manuscript, p. 81
8. F. Hawkings, From Ypres to Cambrai: The 1914–1919 Diary of Infantryman Frank Hawkings (Morley: Elmfield Press, 1974), p. 97
9. IWM DOCS: W. A. Vignoles, Typescript manuscript, pp. 79–82
10. IWM SOUND: B. Farrer, AC 9552, Reel 13
11. IWM SOUND: A. Hurst, AC 11582, Reel 7
12. A. W. Andrews (edited by S. Richardson), Orders are Orders, p. 48
13. National Army Museum: F. W. Jacobs, Typescript account, ‘In the Third Hun Trenches’
14. IWM DOCS: S. W. Appleyard, Transcript diary, p. 59
15. IWM DOCS: H. Russell, Typescript manuscript, p. 6
16. IWM DOCS: A. Schuman, ‘Memoirs’, p. 4
17. F. Hawkings, From Ypes to Cambrai, pp. 97–8
18. National Army Museum: F. W. Jacobs, Typescript account, ‘In the Third Hun Trenches’
19. D. G. C. Hawker, quoted in J. Q. Henriques, The War History of the 1st Battalion Queen’s Westminster Rifles, 1914–1918 (London: Medici Society, 1923), pp. 100–101
20. J. H. Foaden, quoted in F. Maurice, The History of the London Rifle Brigade, 1859–1919 (London: Constable, 1921), p. 141
21. R. F. Ebbetts, Ibid., p. 143
22. D. G. C. Hawker, quoted in J. Q. Henriques, The War History of the 1st Battalion Queen’s Westminster Rifles, p. 101
23. Ibid., pp. 101–2
24. R. E. Petley, quoted in F. Maurice, The History of the London Rifle Brigade, p. 145
25. V. W. F. Dickins, quoted in C. A. Cuthbert Keeson, The History and Records of Queen Victoria’s Rifles, 1792–1922 (London: Constable, 1923), p. 162
26. IWM DOCS: S. W. Appleyard, Transcript diary, p. 59–60
27. IWM DOCS: S. A. Newman, Manuscript account
28. C. C. Dickens, quoted in O. F. Bailey & H. M. Hollier, The Kensingtons: 13th London Regiment (London: Regimental Old Comrades Association, 1935), p. 77
29. W. R. Smith, quoted in, 500 of the Best Cockney War Stories (London: London Evening News), p. 49
30. IWM SOUND: P. Neame, AC 48, Reel 5
31. IWM DOCS: A. Schuman, ‘Memoirs’, p. 4
32. H. C. Sparks, quoted in . J. H. Lindsay, The London Scottish in the Great War (London: Regimental Headquarters, 1925), p. 114
33. G. F. Telfer, quoted in C. A. Cuthbert Keeson, The History and Records of Queen Victoria’s Rifles, p. 169
34. J. H. Foaden, quoted in F. Maurice, The History of the London Rifle Brigade, pp. 141–2
35. R. E. Petley, pp. 146–7
36. IWM DOCS: A. Schuman, ‘Memoirs’, pp. 4–5
37. National Army Museum: F. W Jacobs, Typescript account, ‘In the Third Hun Trenches’
38. S. J. M. Sampson, quoted in C. A. Cuthbert Keeson, The History and Records of Queen Victoria’s Rifles, p. 166
39. IWM DOCS: H. C. Rees, ‘A Personal Record of the War, 1915–1916–1917’
40. IWM SOUND: A. V Pearson, AC 13680, Reel 1 (Recorded for BBC Radio 4, A Summer Day on the Somme)
41. IWM SOUND: F. Raine, AC 9751, Reel 7
42. IWM SOUND: R. Glenn, AC 13082
43. IWM SOUND: D. E. Cattell, AC 13673, Reel 1 (Recorded for BBC Radio 4, A Summer Day on the Somme)
44. IWM SOUND: A. S. Durrant, AC 13675, Reel 1 (Recorded for BBC Radio 4, A Summer Day on the Somme)
45. IWM DOCS: H. C. Rees, ‘A Personal Record of the War, 1915–1916–1917’
46. IWM DOCS: W. T. Colyer, Manuscript account, ‘War Impressions’
47. Ibid.
48. Ibid.
49. Ibid.
50. J. E. Edmonds, History of the Great War, Military Operations, Frame and Belgium, 1916, fn, p. 431
51. IWM DOCS: D. N. Menaud-Lissenburg, Typescript memoir, pp. 182–3
52. IWM SOUND: G. Ashurst, AC 9875, Reel 15 & 16
53. Ibid.
54. IWM DOCS: D. N. Menaud-Lissenburg, Typescript memoir, p. 183
55. IWM SOUND: G. Ashurst, AC 9875, Reel 15 & 16
56. National Army Museum: J. L. Stewart-Moore, Typescript account, p. 35
57. Lt. Col. A. Ricardo, quoted in C. Fall, The History of the 36th (Ulster) Division (Belfast: McCaw, Stevenson & Orr Ltd, 1922), p. 52
58. IWM DOCS: D. Starrett, Typescript account, pp. 64–5
59. F. P. Crozier, A Brass Hat in No Man’s Land (London: Jonathan Cape, 1930), pp. 104–5
60. IWM DOCS: D. Starrett, Typescript account, pp. 64—5
61. Ibid., pp. 65–6
62. IWM DOCS: W.J. Grant, Manuscript account, ‘Diary of D Battery, 154th Brigade of 36th (Ulster Division) RFA in the Great War’
63. IWM DOCS: J. L. Jack, Typescript memoir, pp. 5–6
64. B. Meadows, quoted in J. W Arthur & I. S. Munro, The Seventeenth Highland Light Infantry (Glasgow: David J. Clark, 1920), p. 45
65. IWM DOCS: J. L. Jack, Typescript memoir, pp. 5–6
66. B. Meadows, quoted in J. W. Arthur & I. S. Munro, The Seventeenth Highland Light Infantry, p. 45
67. Ibid., p. 46
68. Ibid., pp. 46–7
69. IWM DOCS: F. L. Cassel, Typescript account
70. Ibid.
71. von Soden orders of 1/7/1916, quoted in J. E. Edmonds, History of the Great War, note, p. 423
72. F. P. Crozier, A Brass Hat in No Man’s Land, pp. 109–110
73. IWM SOUND: H. Tansley, AC 13682, Reel 1 (Recorded for BBC Radio 4 A Summer Day on the Somme)
74. Ibid.
75. IWM SOUND: A. Hanbury-Sparrow, AC 4131, Reel 1
76. H. Baumber, ‘The Grimbsy Chums’, The New Chequers, No. 2, p. 9
77. J. Maw, The New Chequers, No. 9, p. 54
78. IWM SOUND: C. Lewis, AC 4162, Reel 1
79. H. Baumber, ‘The Grimbsy Chums’, The New Chequers, No. 2, p. 9
80. IWM SOUND: A. Dickinson, AC 13674, Reel 1 (Recorded for BBC Radio 4 A Summer Day on the Somme)
81. Ibid.
82. IWM DOCS: W. A. Vignoles, Typescript manuscript, pp. 77 & 84
83. J. H. Turnbull, The New Chequers, No. 1, p. 10
84. H. Baumber, ‘The Grimbsy Chums’, The New Chequers, No. 2, pp. 9–10
85. H. Beaumont, ‘Memories of the Somme Offensive’, The New Chequers, No. 9, pp. 46–7
86. IWM SOUND: C. Lewis, AC 4162, Reel 1
87. J. H. Turnbull, The New Chequers, No. 1, p. 11
88. Ibid.
89. D. H.James, ‘My Recollections’, The New Chequers, No. 5, pp. 25–6
90. A. E. Fitzgerald orders of 25/6/1916 quoted in J. E. Edmonds, History of the Great War, p. 350
91. R. Gee, ‘In case I cannot write again’, The New Chequers, No. 2, pp 20–21
92. Ibid.
93. IWM DOCS: E. C. Crosse, Typescript manuscript, ‘The History of the Chaplains’ Department in the War, 1914–1918’, pp. 68, 70 & 71
94. IWM DOCS: E. C. Crosse, Typescript diary, 1/7/1916
95. IWM DOCS: Y. R. N. Probert, Typescript diary, 1/7/1916
96. IWM DOCS: A. P. Burke, Typescript letter, p. 33
97. IWM: Y.R.N. Probert, Typescript diary, 1/7/1916
98. IWM DOCS: A. P. Burke, Typescript letter, p. 33
99. Ibid.
100. IWM DOCS: A. V. Conn, Typescript account
101. IWM DOCS: F. Henwood, Typescript account
102. IWM DOCS: R. Cude, Typescript diary, 1/7/1916
103. IWM DOCS: C. W. Alcock, Manuscript letter, 15/7/1916
104. IWM SOUND: A. Irwin, AC 211
105. IWM DOCS: A. E. A. Jacobs, Manuscript letter, 15/7/1916
106. IWM DOCS: L. L. Jeeves, Typescript article, ‘In the Battle of the Somme’, p. 27
107. Ibid.
108. IWM DOCS: R. Cude, Typescript diary, 1/7/1916
109. National Army Museum: F. A. M. Maxwell, Manuscript copy of letter, 2/7/1916
110. IWM DOCS: L. L. Jeeves, Typescript article, ‘In the Battle of the Somme’, p. 27
111. A. W. Andrews (edited by S. Richardson), Orders are Orders: A Manchester Pal on the Somme (Manchester: Neil Richardson, 1987), p.49
112. IWM SOUND: E. Bryan, AC 4042, Reel 1
113. A. W. Andrews (edited by S. Richardson), Orders are Orders, p. 49
114. Ibid., pp. 49–50
115. Ibid., p. 50
116. Lt. Col. Bedall, quoted in J. E. Edmonds, History of the Great War, fn, pp. 328–9
117. IWM SOUND: P. J. Kennedy, AC 13679, Reel 1 (Recorded for BBC Radio 4, A Summer Day on the Somme)
118. IWM DOCS: W. H. Bloor, Typescript diary, 1/7/1916
119. Ibid.
120. A. W. Andrews (edited by S. Richardson), Orders are Orders, pp. 50–1
121. IWM DOCS: W. H. Bloor, Typescript diary, 1/7/1916
122. IWM SOUND: P. J. Kennedy, AC 13679, Reel 1 (Recorded for BBC Radio 4, A Summer Day on the Somme)
123. Ibid.
124. Ibid.
125. IWM DOCS: H.Wyllie, Transcript diary, 31/5/1916
126. G. Lewis, Wings Over the Somme, p. 3
127. L. Hawker quoted by T. M. Hawker, Hawker V.C., p. 18
128. W. O. Tudor-Hart, quoted in C. Cole, RFC Communiques, 1915–1916 (London: Kimber, 1969), pp. 298–9
129. L. Hawker quoted in B. G. Gray & the DH2 Research Group, ‘The Anatomy of an Aeroplane: The de Havilland DH2 Pusher Scout’, Cross & Cockade, Vol. 21, No. 3, p. 16
130. M. Baring, Flying Corps Headquarters (Edinburgh & London: William Blackwood & Sons, 1968), p. 155
131. D. Haig, diary entry 1/7/1916, quoted in G. Sheffield & J. Bourne (eds), Douglas Haig: War Diaries and Letters 1914–18
132. IWM SOUND: C. R. Quinnell, AC 554, Reel 16
133. IWM DOCS: E. H. E. Collen, Manuscript diary, 1/7/1916
134. IWM DOCS: S. T. Kemp, Typescript account, p. 47
135. IWM DOCS: T. D. Pratt, Manuscript account
136. IWM DOCS: E. B. Lord, Typescript account, p. 16
137. Ibid., pp. 16–17
138. Ibid., pp. 17–18
5 The Morning After
1. IWM SOUND: Ms Llewellyn, AC 4163, Reel 1
2. IWM DOCS: L. I. L. Ferguson, War diary, 5/7/1916
3. IWM SOUND: M. S. Cleeve, AC 7310, Reel 3 & 4
4. R. H. Lindsey-Renton, quoted in C. A. Cuthbert Keeson, The History and Records of Queen Victoria’s Rifles, p. 165
5. IWM DOCS: S. T. Kemp, Typescript account, p. 47
6. IWM SOUND: S. Jordan, AC 10391, Reel 4
7. IWM DOCS: E. B. Lord, Typescript account, p. 18
8. Ibid., p. 19
9. IWM DOCS: E. C. Crosse, Typescript manuscript, ‘The History of the Chaplains’ Department in the War, 1914–1918’, pp. 71–2
10. IWM DOCS: E. C. Crosse, Typescript diary, 4/7/1916–5/7/1916
11. IWM DOCS: E. C. Crosse, Typescript manuscript, op.cit., p. 73
12. IWM DOCS: E. B. Lord, Typescript account, p. 18
13. IWM DOCS: A. P. B. Irwin, Manuscript letter, 3/7/1916
14. IWM DOCS: A. E. A.Jacobs, Manuscript letter, 15/7/1916
15. IWM DOCS: C. G. Lawson, Typescript letter, 6/7/1916
16. IWM DOCS: F. H. Drinkwater, Typescript diary, 2/7/1916
6 Creeping Forward
1. H. Rawlinson, quoted in R. Prior & T. Wilson, Command on the Western Front, pp. 185–6
2. D. Haig, diary entry 3/7/1916, quoted in G. Sheffield & J. Bourne (eds), Douglas Haig: War Diaries and Letters 1914–18
3. IWM DOCS: B. S. Philpotts Collection: A. C. Sparkes, Typescript letter, 15/9/1916
4. National Array Museum: F. A. M. Maxwell, Manuscript copy of letter, 2/7/1916
5. D. H. James, ‘My Recollections’, The New Chequers, No. 5, p. 26
6. IWM DOCS: B. W. Downes, Typescript account, p. 17
7. IWM DOCS: W. H. Bloor, Typescript diary, 3/7/1916
8. IWM DOCS: S. T. Kemp, Typescript account, pp. 47–8
9. Ibid., p. 48
10. Ibid., pp. 48–9
11. Ibid., p. 49
12. IWM DOCS: W. A. Gates Collection, S. Stevenson-Jones, Edited from typescript letter, 13/7/1968 & Thiepval article
13. Ibid.
14. Ibid.
15. Ibid.
16. IWM DOCS: L. I. L. Ferguson, War diary, 7/7/1916
17. Ibid.
18. Ibid.
19. Ibid.
20. Ibid.
21. Ibid.
22. IWM SOUND: T. Bracey, AC 9419, Reel 10
23. IWM SOUND: C. R. Quinnell, AC 554, Reel 17
24. H. Sadler, quoted in O. Rutter, The History of the Seventh (Service), p. 90
25. Ibid., p. 91
26. IWM SOUND: C. R. Quinnell, AC 554, Reel 17
27. IWM SOUND: A. Razzell, AC 11952, Reel 6
28. Ibid.
29. Ibid.
30. W. L. Osborn, quoted in O. Rutter, The History of the Seventh (Service), pp. 86–7
31. J. R. Wilton, Ibid., pp. 89–90
32. W. L. Osborn, Ibid., p. 87
33. H. Sadler, Ibid., pp.91–2
34. IWM DOCS: E. H. E. Collen, Manuscript diary, 7/7/1916
35. IWM SOUND: A. Razzell, AC 11952, Reel 6
36. Ibid.
37. IWM DOCS: R. D. Mountfield, Manuscript letter, 23/7/1916
38. Ibid.
39. Ibid.
40. Ibid.
41. H. C. O’Neill, The Royal Fusiliers in the Great War, (London: William Heinemann, 1922), p. 118
42. IWM DOCS: A. E. Perriman, Typescript account
43. IWM SOUND: V. G. Lansdown, AC 10147
44. IWM DOCS: A. E. Perriman, Typescript and manuscript accounts
45. IWM SOUND: V. G. Lansdown, AC 10147
46. IWM DOCS: A. E. Perriman, Typescript and manuscript accounts
47. Ibid.
48. D. Haig, diary entry 9/7/1916, quoted in G. Sheffield & J. Bourne (eds), Douglas Haig: War Diaries and Letters 1914–18
49. R. J. W. Carden, quoted in C. H. Dudley Ward, Regimental Records of the Royal Welch Fusiliers (London: Forster Groom & Co, 1928), Vol. III, p. 205
50. G. Jones, quoted in C. H. Dudley Ward, Regimental Records of the Royal Welch Fusiliers, p. 206
51. Ibid., p. 207
52. IWM SOUND: T. J. Price, AC 9492
53. IWM SOUND: G. Richards, AC 9929
54. G. Jones, quoted in C. H. Dudley Ward, Regimental Records of the Royal Welch Fusiliers, p. 210
55. IWM DOCS: C. K. McKerrow, Typescript diary, 19/7/1916
56. IWM DOCS: W. H. Bloor, Typescript diary, 11/7/1916
57. Ibid., 13/7/1916
58. R. Prior & T. Wilson, Command on the Western Front, p. 191
59. D. Haig, quoted in R. Prior & T. Wilson, Command on the Western Front, p. 193
60. D. Haig, diary entry 12/7/1916, quoted in G. Sheffield & J. Bourne (eds), Douglas Haig: War Diaries and Letters 1914–18
61. D. Haig, diary entry 14/7/1916, ibid.
62. IWM DOCS: E. C. Crosse, Typescript diary, 14/7/1916
63. N. Fraser-Tytler, Field Guns in France, p. 89
64. IWM DOCS: B. W. Downes, Typescript manuscript
65. Ibid.
66. S. Carey, quoted in L. S. Uys, ‘The South Africans at Delville Wood’ South African Military History Journal, Vol. VII, No. 2
67. IWM DOCS: J. M. Cordy, Typescript memoir, p. 18
68. Ibid., pp. 18–19
69. IWM SOUND: L. G. Ounsworth, AC 332, Reel 5
70. IWM DOCS: F. J. G. Gambling, Typescript memoir, p.8
71. Ibid.
72. N. Fraser-Tytler, Field Guns in France, p. 89
73. IWM SOUND: L. G. Ounsworth, AC 332, Reel 6
74. IWM DOCS: B. W. Downes, Typescript manuscript
75. National Army Museum: F. A. M. Maxwell, Manuscript copy of letter, 15/7/1916 & 16/7/1916
76. Ibid.
77. Ibid.
78. Ibid.
79. Ibid.
80. Ibid.
81. Ibid.
82. Ibid., 2/7/1916
83. IWM SOUND: L. G. Ounsworth, AC 332, Reel 6
84. IWM DOCS: R. Cude, Typescript diary, 14/7/1916
7 Stumbling to Disaster
1. H. Mallett, quoted in L. S. Uys, ‘The South Africans at Delville Wood’ South African Military History Journal, Vol. VII, No. 2
2. E. V. Vivian, ibid.
3. Medlicort, ibid.
4. O. H. de Burgh Thomas, ibid.
5. F. Marillier, ibid.
6. O. H. de Burgh Thomas, ibid.
7. F. Marillier, ibid.
8. Medlicort, ibid.
9. Medlicort, ibid.
10. V. Wepener, ibid.
11. E. F. Thackeray, ibid.
12. IWM DOCS: T. A. Jennings, Manuscript account, ‘Hark! I Hear the Bugles Calling’, pp. 14–16
13. Ibid., p. 16
14. Ibid., pp. 16–18
15. Ibid, pp. 18–19
16. IWM DOCS: H. G. Wood, Manuscript letter, 21/7/1916
17. IWM DOCS: F. J. Fields, Typescript account
18. Ibid.
19. Ibid.
20. A. W. Andrews (edited by S. Richardson), Orders are Orders, pp. 58–59
21. Ibid.
22. H. Preston, Reveille, Vol. 8, No. 12, p. 30
23. Ibid.
24. Ibid., p. 31
25. J. R. O. Harris, quoted in C. E. W. Bean, The Australian Imperial Force in France, 1916 (Sydney: Angus & Robertson Ltd, 1938), p. 553
26. Ibid., p. 554
27. IWM SOUND: F. Brent, AC 4037, Reel 1
28. P. Kinchington, Reveille, Vol. 8, No. 12, p. 30
29. H. Preston, ibid, p. 31
30. Ibid.
31. T. Young, quoted in N. Browning, The Blue & While Diamond: The History of the 28th Battalion, 1915–1919 (Bassendean, W.A.: Advance Press, 2002), p. 154
32. P. Blythe, Ibid., pp. 165–6
33. E. R. Norgard, ibid., p. 166
34. D. Haig, diary entry 29/7/1916, quoted in G. Sheffield & J. Bourne (eds), Douglas Haig: War Diaries and Letters 1914–18
35. IWM SOUND: A. Razzell, AC 11952, Reel 7
36. IWM SOUND: C. R. Quinnell, AC 554, Reel 17
37. Ibid.
38. IWM SOUND: A. Razzell, AC 11952, Reel 7
39. IWM SOUND: C. R. Quinnell, AC 554, Reel 17 & 18
40. C. I. Smith, Reveille, Vol. 5, No. 6, p. 31
41. Ibid.
42. Ibid.
43. Ibid.
44. Ibid.
45. Ibid.
46. Ibid., pp. 31–2
47. A. Jacka, quoted in E.J. Rule, Jacka’s Mob (Melbourne: Military Melbourne, 1999), p. 30
48. C. I. Smith, Reveille, Vol. 5, No. 6, p. 32
49. Ibid.
50. E.J. Rule, Jacka’s Mob, p. 29
51. A. Jacka, quoted in E.J. Rule, Jacka’s Mob, p. 30
52. E.J.Rule, Jacka’s Mob, p. 29
53. Ibid., p. 30
54. H. W. Murray, Reveille, Vol. 9, No. 4, p. 33
55. Ibid.
56. Ibid.
57. Ibid.
8 From Bad to Worse
1. IWM DOCS: H. Tudor, Typescript diary, 26/7/1916
2. F. C. Stanley, The History of the 89th Brigade, 1914–1918, pp. 154–5
3. W. L. S. Churchill, memorandum 1/8/1916, in M. Gilbert (ed), Winston S. Churchill, Companion Vol. III, Part 2 May 1915–December 1916 (London: Heineman, 1972), p. 1537
4. D. Haig, note on letter from CIGS dated 2/8/1916, quoted in G. Sheffield & J. Bourne (eds), Douglas Haig: War Diaries and Letters 1914–18
5. D. Haig, diary entry 8/8/1916, ibid.
6. IWM DOCS: Fourth Army Papers, O.A.D. 91, p. 1
7. Ibid., p. 2
8. Ibid.
9. Ibid.
10. IWM DOCS: A. Russell, Typescript manuscript, pp. 60–1
11. Ibid., pp. 61–2
12. IWM DOCS: Fourth Army Papers, O.A.D. 123 p. 1
13. Ibid., p. 2
14. IWM DOCS: F. J. Fields, Typescript account
15. Ibid.
16. IWM DOCS: H. D. Paviere, Typescript account, p. 36–7
17. IWM DOCS: Y. R. N. Probert, Typescript diary, 10/9/1916
18. IWM DOCS: B. H. Whayman, Typescript account, p.3
19. IWM SOUND: W. Grover, AC 10441, Reel 2
20. T. M. Kettle, quoted in L. Housman, War Letters of Fallen Englishmen (London: Victor Gollancz, 1930), p. 167
21. T. M. Kettle, ‘Political Testament’, Internet source
22. T. M. Kettle, quoted in L. Housman, War Letters of Fallen Englishmen, p. 167
23. T. M. Kettle (written 4/9/1916), quoted in R. Feilding, War Letters to a Wife (London: The Medici Society, 1929), p. 131
24. E. Dalton, quoted in T. Burke, ‘In Memory of Tom Kettle’, Journal of the Royal Dublin Fusiliers Association, Vol. 9, 9/2002, p. 4
25. Young, quoted in T. Denman, Ireland’s Unknown Soldiers: The 16th (Irish) Division in the Great War (Dublin: Irish Academic Press, 1992), p. 98
26. IWM SOUND: F. W. S. Jourdain, AC 11214
27. R. Feilding, War Letters to a Wife, p. 116
28. IWM SOUND: F. W. S. Jourdain, AC 11214
29. R. Feilding, War Letters to a Wife, p. 114
30. Ibid., p. 119
31. IWM DOCS: J. H. Reynolds, Typescript memoir
32. IWM DOCS: P. H. Pilditch, Typescript memoir, p. 315
9 You are not Alone
1. IWM DOCS: A. V. Conn, Typescript account—edited from several versions of this incident
2. IWM SOUND: A. Razzell, AC 11952, Reel 7
3. Ibid.
4. N. D. Cliff, To Hell and Back with the Guards (Braunton, Devon: Merlin Books Ltd, 1988), p. 79
5. IWM DOCS: W. Kerr, Typescript memoir, p. 90
6. Ibid., p. 91
7. IWM SOUND: B. Farrer, AC 9552, Reel 14
8. IWM DOCS: R. Bulstrode, Typescript memoir, pp. 66–8
9. IWM DOCS: W. Kerr, Typescript memoir, p. 92
10. IWM DOCS: E. S. B. Hamilton, Typescript dairy, 6/8/1916
11. Ibid.
12. Ibid.
13. IWM DOCS: L. Gameson, Typescript, 10/8/1916
14. Ibid., 14/8/1916
15. Ibid., 15/8/1916–9/9/1916
16. Ibid.
17. Ibid., 13/8/1916
18. Ibid.
19. Ibid., 15/8/1916–9/9/1916
20. Ibid.
21. Ibid.
22. Ibid.
23. IWM SOUND: T. J. Price, AC 9492
24. IWM DOCS: H. Russell, Typescript manuscript, p. 6
25. N. D. Cliff, To Hell and Back with the Guards, p. 79
26. IWM DOCS: R. D. Mountfield, Manuscript letter, 23/7/1916
27. IWM SOUND: J. Dray, AC 27053, Reel 1
10 When Push Comes to Shove
1. IWM DOCS: Fourth Army Papers, O.A.D. 116, p. 1
2. D. Haig, diary entry 14/4/1916 quoted in G. Sheffield & J. Bourne (eds), Douglas Haig: War Diaries and Letters 1914–18
3. D. Haig, diary entry 26/8/1916, ibid.
4. J. Charteris, At G.H.Q, p. 165
5. IWM DOCS: Fourth Army Papers, 28/8/1916, H. Rawlinson Initial Proposals for attack on 15/9/1916, pp. 3–4
6. D. Haig, diary entry 29/8/1916, quoted in G. Sheffield & J. Bourne (eds), Douglas Haig: War Diaries and Letters 1914–18
7. IWM DOCS: Fourth Army Papers, O.A.D. 131, pp. 1–2
8. Ibid., pp. 2–3
9. IWM DOCS: Fourth Army Papers, Conference, 10/9/1916
10. IWM DOCS: Fourth Army Papers, Instructions for the Employment of Tanks, 11/9/16
11. IWM DOCS: E. G. de Caux, Typescript memoir, p. 24
12. IWM DOCS: Albert Whitehurst, Typescript memoir
13. IWM DOCS: D. Railton, Typescript letter, 12/9/1916
14. IWM DOCS: E. G. de Caux, Typescript memoir, p. 24
15. IWM DOCS: Albert Whitehurst, Typescript memoir
16. IWM DOCS: G. V. Dennis, Typescript account, p. 74
17. IWM DOCS: H. Horne, Typescript diary, 15/9/1916
18. W.J. Gray, quoted in C. A. Cuthbert Keeson, The History and Records of Queen Victoria’s Rifles, pp. 190–1
19. Ibid., pp. 191–2
20. Ibid., p. 192
21. IWM DOCS: G. V. Dennis, Typescript account, p. 75
22. IWM DOCS: H. Horne, Typescript diary, 15/9/1916
23. IWM: C. H. Morden, Typescript account, p. 2
24. National Army Museum: L. Cattermole, Typescript account, ‘Attack on the Somme’, p. 2
25. Ibid., p. 3
26. Ibid.
27. IWM DOCS: M. M. Hood, Typescript memoir
28. Weinert, quoted in T. Pidgeon, The Tanks at Flers (Cobham: Fairmile Books, 1995) Vol. I, p. 132
29. National Army Museum: L. Cattermole, Typescript account, ‘Attack on the Somme’, pp. 4–5
30. IWM SOUND: G. Cole, AC 9535, Reel 4
31. National Archives: CAB 45/135, H. Karslake letter, 28/1/1936
32. IWM DOCS: A. Whitehurst, Typescript memoir
33. M. J. Guiton, quoted in P. Davenport, The History of the Prince of Wales’ Own Civil Service Rifles (London: Civil Service Rifles, 1921), p. 115
34. IWM DOCS: Albert Whitehurst, Typescript memoir
35. IWM DOCS: D. D. S. Cree, Typescript memoir
36. IWM DOCS: Albert Whitehurst, Typescript memoir
37. IWM DOCS: D. D. S. Cree, Typescript memoir
38. IWM DOCS: J. C. Mclntyre, Typescript memoir
39. D. D. S. Cree, Typescript memoir
40. IWM DOCS: E. J. D. Routh, Manuscript diary, 15/9/1916
41. IWM DOCS: D. D. S. Cree, Typescript memoir
42. HVM DOCS: Albert Whitehurst, Typescript memoir
43. IWM DOCS: D. D. S. Cree, Typescript memoir
44. Ibid.
45. Ibid.
46. IWM DOCS: R. E. Davy, Manuscript letter, 22/9/1916
47. IWM DOCS: E. G. de Caux, Typescript memoir, p. 26
48. IWM DOCS: E. Gore–Brown Collection: E. G. de Caux, Typescript letter, 30/9/1916
49. IWM DOCS: G. V. Dennis, Typescript account, p. 76
50. Ibid.
51. A. H. R. Reiffer, quoted in T. Pidgeon, The Tanks at Flers, Vol. I, p. 167
52. IWM SOUND: C. Lewis, AC 4162, Reel 1
53. IWM SOUND: V. Huffam, AC 4136 Reel 1
54. IWM SOUND: A. H. R. Reiffer, AC 4212
55. IWM SOUND: S. Hastie, AC 4126, Reel 1
56. IWM SOUND: A. H. R. Reiffer, AC 4212
57. IWM SOUND: S. Hastie, AC 4126, Reel 1
58. Ibid.
59. Braunhofer, quoted in T. Pidgeon, The Tanks at Flers, Vol. I, p. 172
60. A. Arnold, ibid., p. 173
61. IWM DOCS: G. V. Dennis, Typescript account, p. 77
62. The best analysis, which effectively clears Basil Henriques of these charges, is that carried out by Trevor Pidgeon’s brilliant book, Tanks at Flers.
63. B. Henriques, Indiscretions of a Warden (London: Methuen & Co, 1937), pp. 118–9
64. B. Henriques, quoted in L. L. Loewe, Basil Henriques (London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1976), p. 44
65. B. Henriques, Indiscretions of a Warden, p. 119
66. W. T. Dawson, quoted in T. Pidgeon, The Tanks at Flers, Vol. I, p. 86
67. Bdr. Osborne, quoted by B. Hammond in pending thesis, ‘The Theory and Practice of British Tanks—other Arms Cooperation on the Western Front in the Great War’
68. B. Henriques, Indiscretions of a Warden, p. 119
69. Ibid., pp. 119–120
70. IWM SOUND: P. Neame, AC 48, Reel 11 & 13
71. IWM DOCS: T. G. Rogers, ‘Letters’, pp. 282–283
72. IWM DOCS: A. Home, Typescript diary, 15/9/1916
73. Ibid., 18/9/1916
11 Hammering On
1. IWM DOCS: A. Home, Typescript diary, 22/9/1916
2. Ibid., 18/9/1916
3. IWM SOUND: H. Calvert, AC 9955
4. IWM DOCS: A. Russell, Typescript manuscript, pp. 70–1
5. IWM SOUND: H. Calvert, AC 9955
6. IWM DOCS: A. Home, Typescript diary, 25/9/1916
7. H. Gough, The Fifth Army (London: Hodder & Stoughton, 1931), p. 148
8. IWM DOCS: A. Angus, Typescript memoir, p. 9
9. National Army Museum: F. Maxwell, Letter, 27/9/1916
10. IWM SOUND: R. G. Emmett, Typescript account in folder
11. G. E. Cornaby, quoted in anon author, The 54th Infantry Brigade: Some Records of Battle and Laughter in France (Aldershot: Gale & Polden, 1919), p. 53
12. IWM SOUND: R. G. Emmett, Typescript account in folder
13. G. E. Cornaby, op. cit.
14. IWM SOUND: R. G. Emmett, Typescript account in folder
15. IWM DOCS: S. T. Fuller, Manuscript diary, 26/9/1916
16. National Army Museum: F. Maxwell, Letter, 27/9/1916
17. Ibid.
18. IWM SOUND: R. G. Emmett, Typescript account in folder
19. National Army Museum: F. Maxwell, Letter, 27/9/1916
20. G. E. Cornaby, quoted in anon author, The 54th Infantry Brigade, pp. 55–6
21. IWM DOCS: T. A. Jennings, Manuscript memoir, ‘Hark! I Hear the Bugles Calling’, pp. 23–5
22. Ibid., pp. 26–7
23. Ibid., p. 27
24. IWM SOUND: T. E. Adlam, AC 35, Reel 3
25. Ibid.
26. Ibid.
27. Ibid., Reel 4
28. Ibid., Reel 3
29. Ibid.Reel 4
30. IWM DOCS: G. C. Pratt, Typescript account
31. Ibid.
32. Ibid.
33. Ibid.
34. Ibid.
35. Ibid.
36. Ibid.
37. Ibid.
38. IWM DOCS: A. Angus, Typescript memoir, pp. 9–10
39. IWM DOCS: G. C. Pratt, Typescript account
40. Ibid.
41. Ibid.
42. Ibid.
43. Ibid.
44. Ibid.
45. Ibid.
46. Ibid.
47. IWM DOCS: J. Meo, Manuscript diary, 22/9/1916
48. Ibid., 24/9/1916
49. Ibid., 25/9/1916 & 30/9/1916
50. Ibid., 30/9/1916
51. Ibid.
52. Ibid., 1/10/1916
53. Ibid., 8/10/1916
54. IWM DOCS: W. H. Bloor, Typescript diary, 28/9/1916
55. Ibid., 30/9/1916
56. H. Sulzbach, With the German Guns: 50 Months on the Western Front, 1914–1918 (London: Frederick Warne Ltd, 1981), p. 90
12 October Attrition
1. D. Haig, letter to George V 5/10/1916, quoted in G. Sheffield & J. Bourne (eds), Douglas Haig: War Diaries and Letters 1914–18
2. D. Haig, diary entry 5/10/1916, ibid.
3. J. Charteris, At G.H.Q., pp. 170–1
4. J. Charteris, At G.H.Q,. p. 171
5. J. A. Chamier, quoted in H. A. Jones & W. Raleigh, The War in the Air (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1922–1937), Vol. II, pp. 298–299
6. IWM DOCS: W. H. Bloor, Typescript diary, 1/10/1916
7. Ibid., 2/10/1916 & 3/10/1916
8. N. Fraser-Tytler, Field Guns in France, p. 108
9. IWM DOCS: W. H. Bloor, Typescript diary, 3/10/1916
10. Ibid.
11. Ibid., 5/10/1916
12. G. Lewis, Wings Over the Somme, p. 75 & 78
13. IWM DOCS: Albert Whitehurst, Typescript memoir
14. IWM DOCS: W. J. N. Howell, Typescript account
15. IWM DOCS: W. Harfleet, Typescript letter
16. IWM DOCS: W. J. N. Howell, Typescript account
17. IWM DOCS: W. Harfleet, Typescript letter
18. IWM DOCS: Albert Whitehurst, Typescript memoir
19. IWM DOCS: W. J. N. Howell, Typescript account
20. IWM DOCS: W. S. Reid, Typescript letter, 13/10/1970
21. IWM DOCS: Albert Whitehurst, Typescript memoir
22. D. Haig, diary entry 14/10/1916, quoted in G. Sheffield & J. Bourne (eds), Douglas Haig: War Diaries and Letters 1914–18
23. N. Fraser-Tytler, Field Guns in France, pp. 110–11
24. Ibid., pp. 111–12
25. A. C. Johnston, quoted in A. Crookenden, The History of the Cheshire Regiment in the Great War, (Chester: W. H. Evans & Sons, 1938) pp. 91–2
26. IWM DOCS: V. F. S. Hawkins quoted in J. C. Latter, The History of the Lancashire Fusiliers, 1914–1918, (Aldershot: Gale & Polden Ltd, 1949), p. 167
27. IWM SOUND: R. C. Cooney, AC 494, Reel 3
28. IWM DOCS: J. T. Lawton, Typescript memoir, p. 9
29. IWM DOCS: K. W. Mealing, Typescript memoir, p. 17
30. Ibid., p. 18
31. Ibid., pp. 18–19
32. Ibid., p. 19
33. Ibid., pp. 20 & 24
34. Ibid.p. 21
35. Ibid., p. 22
36. Ibid., pp. 22–3
37. IWM DOCS: W. H. Bloor, Typescript diary, 15/10/1916
38. Ibid.
39. IWM Docs: H. C. Rees, ‘A Personal Record of the War, 1915–1916–1917’
40. Ibid.
41. IWM DOCS: H. Tudor, Typescript diary, 16/10/1916
42. W. D. Croft, Three Tears with the 9th (Scottish) Division (London: John Murray, 1919), pp. 84–5
43. T. A. K. Cubitt, quoted in F. Loraine Petre, The History of the Norfolk Regiment (Norwich: Jarrold & Sons, N.D.), pp. 259–60
44. IWM DOCS: A. G. P. Hardwick, Typescript diary, 19/10/1916
45. N. Fraser-Tytler, Field Guns in France, p. 119
46. IWM Docs: H. C. Rees, ‘A Personal Record of the War, 1915–1916–1917’
47. Ibid.
48. Ibid.
49. National Army Museum: E. R. Buckell, Typescript account, ‘The Somme’, p. 6
50. N. Fraser-Tytler, Field Guns in France, pp. 124–5
51. IWM DOCS: L. Gameson, Typescript diary and notes, 26/10/1916
52. Ibid., 10/1916
53. Ibid.
54. IWM DOCS: C. S. Myers letter, 9/10/1916, in papers of L. Gameson, Typescript, 26/10/1916
55. IWM DOCS: L. Gameson, Typescript diary and notes, 15/10/1916
56. National Army Museum: E. R. Buckell, Typescript account, ‘The Somme’, p. 6
57. IWM DOCS: A. G. P. Hardwick, Typescript diary, 27/10/1916
58. IWM DOCS: A. E. Abrey, Manuscript letter, 30/10/1916
13 Last Shake on the Ancre
1. IWM DOCS: A. Home, Typescript diary, 15/11/1916
2. IWM DOCS: R. J. Blackadder, Typescript account, ‘151 Siege Battery, R.G.A.’, p. 7
3. IWM DOCS: H. Tudor, Typescript diary, 4/11/1916
4. DLI Museum: H. Cruddace, Manuscript account
5. Ibid.
6. IWM DOCS: H. Tudor, Typescript diary, 4/11/1916
7. DLI Museum: H. Cruddace, Manuscript account
8. Ibid.
9. Durham Archives: R. B. Bradford, Report of 6/11/1916
10. Ibid.
11. Ibid.
12. R. B. Bradford, quoted in E. Wyrall, The History of the Fiftieth Division (London: Country Press Ltd, 1939), p. 178
13. R. B. Bradford, ibid., p. 179
14. Durham Archives: R. B. Bradford, Report of 6/11/1916
15. Ibid.
16. DLI Museum: H. Cruddace, Manuscript account
17. H. Green, quoted in A. L. Raines, The Fifth Battalion The Durham Light Infantry (Privately Published, 1931), p. 72
18. C. D. Marley, ibid.
19. H. Green, ibid.
20. ibid.
21. Durham Archives: R. B. Bradford, Report of 6/11/1916
22. Ibid.
23. IWM DOCS; A. Home, Typescript diary, 6/11/1916
24. D. Haig, diary entry 12/11/1916, quoted in G. Sheffield & J. Bourne (eds), Douglas Haig: War Diaries and Letters 1914–18
25. D. Jerrold, Georgian Adventure (London: Right Book Club, 1937), p. 162
26. Ibid., p. 175
27. R. V. C. Bodley, Indiscretions of a Young Man (London: Harold Shaylor, 1931), pp. 56 & 85
28. D. Jerrold, Georgian Adventure, pp. 176–7
29. IWM SOUND: J. Murray, AC 8201, Reel 35
30. D. Jerrold, Georgian Adventure, pp. 178–9
31. Ibid., p. 180
32. A. P. Herbert poem, internet source
33. D. Jerrold, Georgian Adventure, p. 188
34. IWM SOUND: J. Murray, AC 8201, Reel 35
35. Ibid.
36. Ibid., Reel 36
37. Ibid., Reel 36
38. Ibid., Reel 36 & 37
39. D. Jerrold, Georgian Adventure, p. 192
40. Ibid.
41. IWM DOCS: S. C. Hawkins, Manuscript diary, 13/11/1916
42. D. Jerrold, Georgian Adventure, pp. 192–3
43. Ibid., p. 193
44. IWM SOUND: J. Murray, AC 8201, Reel 36 & 37
45. Ibid.
46. IWM SOUND: R. Tobin, AC 4243, Reel 36
47. IWM DOCS: Sibley, Manuscript memoir, p. 12
48. IWM SOUND: R. L. Haine, AC 33, Reel 3
49. R. S. Morshead, quoted in G. Goold Walker, The Honourable Artillery Company in the Great War, 1914–1919 (London: Seeley, Service & Co, 1930), p. 77
50. IWM DOCS: C. R. Smith, Manuscript account, p. 54
51. IWM DOCS: A. N. Acland, Typescript account, p. 43
52. IWM DOCS: E. B. Lord, Typescript account, p. 33
53. IWM DOCS: A. G. P. Hardwick, Typescript diary, 18/11/1916
54. IWM DOCS: R. Cude, Typescript diary, 18/11/1916
55. IWM DOCS: C. R. Smith, Manuscript account, p. 54
56. IWM SOUND: A. Irwin, AC 211
57. IWM DOCS: A. E. Wrench, Typescript diary, 18/11/1916
58. D. Rorie, A Medico’s Luck in the War (Aberdeen: Milne & Hutchison, 1929), p. 113
59. IWM DOCS: C. K. McKerrow, Typescript diary, 4/10/1916
60. IWM DOCS: H. R. Butt, Typescript diary, 12/11/1916
61. IWM DOCS: L. Gameson, Typescript diary and notes, 4/10/1916
62. IWM DOCS: A. E. Wrench, Typescript diary, 16/11/1916
63. IWM DOCS: Fourth Army Papers, H. Rawlinson letter to D.Haig, 7/11/1916
64. E. Ludendorff, My War Memories (London: Hutchinson & Co, 1920), Vol. I, p. 307
65. IWM DOCS: E. B. Lord, Typescript account, pp. 30–1
14 Assessment
1. IWM DOCS: P. H. Pilditch, Typescript memoir, p. 331
Appendix A
1. IWM DOCS: W. A. Vignoles, Typescript manuscript, p. 52–3
2. Ibid., pp. 51–2 & 57
3. IWM DOCS: E. B. Lord, Typescript account, p. 21
4. IWM DOCS: D. N. Menaud-Lissenburg, Typescript memoir, p. 188
5. H. Preston, ‘To Do or Die’, Reveille, Vol. 9, No. 5, p. 6
6. IWM DOCS: C. K. McKerrow, Typescript diary, 18/7/1916
7. IWM DOCS: H. D. Paviere, Typescript account, pp. 40–1
8. IWM DOCS: T. A. Jennings, Manuscript account, ‘Hark! I Hear the Bugles Calling’, p. 10
9. IWM DOCS: L. W. Pratt, Typescript manuscript
10. R. Hugh Kynvett, Over There with the Australians (New York: Charles Scribners Sons, 1918), p. 215
11. R. V C Bodley, Indiscretions of a Young Man, p. 89
12. IWM DOCS: R. M. Luthor, Typescript memoir, p. 26
13. IWM DOCS: J. T. Lawton, Typescript memoir, p. 9
14. IWM DOCS: D.Railton, Typescript letter, 1/10/1916
15. IWM DOCS: L. Gameson, Typescript diary and notes, p. 60
16. IWM DOCS: H. D. Paviere, Typescript account, p. 42
17. IWM DOCS: P. H. Pilditch, Typescript memoir, p. 328