Index

Abtey, Jacques, 78–79

aktion, 50–51

Alliance (Noah’s Ark) spy network, 63–65, 67

Allied forces, 6, 13, 22, 33–34, 67, 71–73, 80, 92, 102, 128, 169, 196, 211, 217, 234–35

America First Committee (AFC), 193

American Friends Service Committee, 60

Amsterdam (Netherlands), 91

Anti-Comintern Pact, 148

arbeitslager (work camp), 37

Armia Krajowia (AK), (Home Army), 34, 41

Armstrong, Jennifer, 41

Army of Liberation, 143–44

Aryans, 2, 10, 12; Jews, as racial enemy of, 3

Auschwitz (concentration camp), 33, 50

Austria, 12, 61, 77, 178, 199

The Autobiography of the Woman the Gestapo Called “The White Mouse” (Wake), 182, 252

Auxiliary Territorial Service (ATS), 167–68

Axis powers, 6, 193–94

Baker, Josephine, 75–81

Banska Bystrica (Slovakia), 223–24

Battle of the Ardennes. See Battle of the Bulge

Battle of Britain, 5, 166

Battle of the Bulge, 128, 210–13, 218

Battle of France, 57–58, 62, 199

Belgian Army of Partisans, 136–38

Belgium, 2, 57, 89, 126–27, 134, 136–38, 141, 166, 211, 213, 219; anti-Jewish laws in, 128; escape lines in, 128, 130; Jewish children, rescuing of, 128; invasion of, 125

Belzec (concentration camp), 4

Berlin (Germany), 25, 230; as Judenfrei (Jew-free), 13, 26

Bles, Mark, 140

Bletchley Park: German Enigma Code, 169

Blitz, 166

blitzkrieg, 31, 35, 57, 90

Bonekamp, Jan, 105–6

Brest (France), 68–69, 71

Brittany (France), 68–70

Brittany Bureau of Information, 69

Brussels (Belgium), 130–31, 133

Buchenwald (concentration camp), 73

Cartaud, Pierre, 173–74

Catlos, Steven, 227

Cavell, Edith, 130

Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), 203

Chamberlain, Neville, 165

Le Chambon-sur-Lignon (France), 82–88

Chelmno (concentration camp), 4

Child at War (Bles), 140

Churchill, Winston, 1, 6, 71, 166–69

Clews, Syd, 140

Cochran, Jacqueline, 194

Collier’s (magazine), 231

Comet Line, 128, 130, 132–34

Committee for the Defense of the Jews (CDJ), 128

concentration camps, 3–5, 11–12, 32, 38, 51, 83. See also death camps; forced labor camps; individual camps

Congo, 134

Copenhagen (Denmark), 147, 155, 158, 162

Cornioley, Henri, 188–90

La Creole (operetta), 77

Czechoslovakia, 61, 165, 223, 231

Czech Republic, 223

Czech Slovak Forces of the Interior (CFI), 223, 226

Dachau (concentration camp), 234–36

Daman, François, 136, 139–40

Daman, Hortense, 135–40

Danish Communists, 148, 153

Darcissac, Roger, 86

Davis, Bill, 145

Davis, Guilliam, 226

Dawes mission, 223–24, 226–27

D-day invasion, 58, 173, 184, 190, 197, 202, 234

death camps, 4, 51. See also concentration camps; forced labor camps

de Gaulle, Charles, 58–59, 63–64, 69–70, 78, 173

Denmark, 2, 148, 166; German edict in, 161; invasion of, 147, 158–59; Jews in, 149, 154–55, 160, 164; martial law in, 149; Resistance movement in, 150, 153, 159

Depée, Arnold, 132

Deuxième Bureau, 78

Diamant, Joseph, 51–52, 55

Diamant, Lea Adler, 49–51

Dietrich, Marlene, 213–20

Donovan, William J., 196, 227

Drôle de Guerre (Phony War), 2, 166, 199

Dunkirk (France), 133

Dutch Communist Party, 91, 104, 107

East St. Louis (Illinois), 76

82nd Airborne Division, 219

Eisenhower, Dwight D., 60, 100, 107, 196

Eman, Diet, 92, 94–101

The End of the Tunnel (Vos), 115

England, 178–79, 186, 200, 214, 231, 233. See also Great Britain

Europe, 1–2, 5, 10, 34, 61, 107, 166, 193, 198–99, 211, 230

Farmer, John, 179

Fascism, 231

February Strike, 91

Fellowship of Reconciliation, 87. See also Mouvement International de la Réconciliation

Final Solution, 3

Fiocca, Henri, 178–79

First Aid Nursing Yeomanry (FANY), 168, 179

forced labor camps, 4, 32. See also concentration camps; death camps

Fourcade, Marie-Madeleine, 61–67

Fournier, Henri, 180

France, 2, 9, 31, 62, 67, 71, 74, 78, 82–83, 86, 89, 127, 131, 134, 138, 152, 166–68, 171, 175, 178, 180, 182, 184, 190, 196–97, 200–201, 219, 230; invasion of, 57, 186; liberation of, 60; Resistance movement in, 1, 59–60, 63–64, 71–72, 74, 79–80, 83, 172–73, 186, 197–98, 200; surrender of, 57–58; women in, 60

Franco, General, 131

Free French Forces (Forces Françaises Libres) (FFL), 58, 60, 78, 81

Freisler, Roland, 14

Frit Danmark (Free Denmark) (newspaper), 153, 159–60

Garrow Line, 178–79

Geheime Feld Polizei (GFP) (Secret Field Police), 138–39

Gellhorn, Martha, 229–37

Geneva Conventions, 223, 232

Gentiles, 7

Germany, 1–4, 9–10, 12, 19, 22, 27, 31–32, 34, 40, 50, 58, 73, 77, 86, 92, 95, 122, 125, 128, 131, 136, 147, 150, 159, 165–67, 178, 193–94, 199, 214, 230–31, 234; surrender of, 6, 13, 150, 169, 196, 211, 236. See also Nazi Germany

Gestapo, 11, 13, 18, 46–47, 65, 71, 96–97, 110–12, 119–20, 142–43, 155, 172–75, 178–79, 188, 200–201

Geulen, Andrée, 127, 128

Girl in the Belgian Resistance (Davis), 145

Goebbels, Joseph, 12, 26, 79, 215, 253

government issue (GI), 210

Graf, Willi, 18–19

Great Britain, 1–2, 9, 31, 33, 58, 74, 90, 127, 131, 134, 147, 152, 154, 159, 166, 169, 175, 182, 190, 194, 200, 206; women, in military, 167–68. See also England; Wales

Great Depression, 9–10, 230

Group, 110. See also Laren Resistance

Gulovich, Maria, 221–28

Gut, Irene, 35–42

Haarlem (Netherlands), 102–4, 108, 117–18

The Hague (Netherlands), 95–96

Hall, Virginia, 196, 197–203

Hannie Schaft Memorial Foundation, 108

Harlem Renaissance, 77

Harnack, Mildred Fish, 13

Hawaii, 194

Hemingway, Ernest, 77, 236

Het meisje met het rode haar (The Girl with the Red Hair) (de Vries), 108

The Hiding Place (Boom, Sherrill, and Sherrill), 122

Hirschel, Hans, 24–25, 27, 29

Hitler, Adolf, 2, 5–6, 9–13, 15, 22, 25, 32, 36, 38, 50, 52, 58, 61–62, 89–91, 94, 116, 131, 147, 165–66, 171, 179, 193, 199, 214, 217, 223; Jews, hatred for, 3

Hitler Youth (Hitler Jugend) movement, 11, 15, 38, 230

Holger Danske group, 162–64

Holocaust, 7, 9

Holy Roman Empire, 11

Hrinova (Slovakia), 222

Huber, Kurt, 18

Huguenots, 83

Idle Women, 167

In My Hands: Memoirs of a Holocaust Rescuer (Gut and Armstrong), 41

International League against Racism and Anti-Semitism, 78

internment camps, 83

Israel, 48

Italy, 6, 79, 131, 152, 193, 231

Jan Karski Award for Valor and Courage, 48

Japan, 6, 193–94, 196, 204–5

Jazz Age, 77

Jensen, Jacob, 155–56

Jerusalem (Israel), 7, 88

Jewish ghettos, 3, 32, 36, 53; aktion in, 50–51. See also Warsaw ghetto

Jews: 32–33, 103, 117, 149, 154–55, 160, 164; anti-Jewish laws, 12, 25, 50, 128; Aryans, as racial enemy of, 3; and Final Solution, 3; German Jews, suicide of, 91, 95; hiding of, 85, 92, 96, 119–20, 127, 222; Jewish children, rescuing of, 128; Jewish orphans, 34, 44–46, 48; Jewish refugees, 83, 87, 119, 152, 179; safe houses, 27, 34, 131, 133, 162

John Paul II, 41

de Jongh, Andrée, 128–34

de Jongh, Frederic, 130, 134

journalism: public opinion, role of in, 230–31

Kansas, 47

Keszthelyi, Tibor, 221–22, 224–25, 227

Keufgens, Fernande, 141–46

Khan, Noor Inayat, 170–76

King, Martin Luther Jr., 81

de Klijn, Alice, 109

de Klijn, Nap, 109

Kockova, Margaret, 225

Koornstra, Fred, 118

Kossak, Zofia, 33

Krahelska-Filipowicz, Wanda, 33

Kraków (Poland), 41

Kristallnacht (Night of Broken Glass), 12, 78

Lafrenz, Traute, 18

Land og folk (Country and People) (newspaper), 153

Laren Resistance Group, 110–11, 113, 115. See also the Group

Larroque, Hervé, 190

League of Nations, 103, 230

Lend Lease Act, 194

Leopold III, 125

La libre Belgique (Free Belgium) (newspaper), 126, 137

Liége (Belgium), 143–44, 207–8, 210

Life in a Jar (play), 47

“Lili Marlene,” 215–17, 252

Lindbergh, Charles, 193

Lithuania, 36

L’ordre national (magazine), 61–62

Loustaunau-Lacau, Georges (Navarre), 61–64

Love, Nancy, 194

Lozeman, Aalt and Alie, 97, 99

Lund, Ebba, 158–60, 162–64

Lund, Ulla, 159

Luxembourg, 2, 89, 166

Lyon (France), 199

Maginot Line, 57

maquis. See maquisards

maquisards (French Resistance fighters), 59, 177, 180–82, 185, 187, 196

March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom, 81

Martha Gellhorn Prize for Journalism, 237

Mauthausen (concentration camp), 134

Medal of Freedom, 107

Mein kampf (My Struggle) (Hitler), 2, 10, 25

Mican, Jerry, 224–25

Milice Française (French militia), 188

Miracles Do Happen! (Virot Peel), 74

Mission Accomplished: Stop the Clock (Engelman), 212

Moulin, Jean, 1, 59

Moulin, Laure, 59

Mount of Remembrance, 7

Mouvement International de la Réconciliation, 87. See also Fellowship of Reconciliation

Muus, Flemming, 154

Nationaal-Socialistische Beweging (Nationalist Socialist party) (NSB) (Nazis). See National Socialist German Workers’ Party

National History Day, 47

National Labor Service, 16

National Socialist German Workers’ Party (Nazis), 10, 91–92, 105–7, 113–14. See also Nazi Germany; Nazis

Nazi Germany, 15, 57, 94, 103–4, 152; as Third Reich, 11. See also Germany; Nazis

Nazis, 3–4, 6, 25, 199; mentally disabled, euthanasia of, 16, 121; and racism, 78. See also National Socialist German Workers’ Party; Nazi Germany

Nazi-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact, 50

Netherlands, 2, 57, 89, 91, 94–96, 100, 103, 107, 126, 150, 166; hongerwinter (hunger winter) in, 92–93, 102, 122; invasion of, 116; liberation of, 93; university students, loyalty pledge, 92, 104

NKVD (Soviet Secret Police), 226

Noah’s Ark (Fourcade), 67

Normandy (France), 1, 6, 13, 67, 71–72, 190, 196, 202, 207, 231–33

North Africa, 58, 80, 193, 200, 215, 253

Norway, 2, 166

Office of Strategic Services (OSS), 3, 59, 196, 198, 201–3, 219, 223–24; Morale Operations (MO), 216

O’Leary Line, 128, 178

onderduikers, 91–92

101st Airborne Division, 219

Oversteegen, Freddie, 105–6

Oversteegen, Truus, 105–7

Paris (France), 77, 172

Patton, George S., 219

Pauline: The Life of an Agent of the SOE (Witherington Cornioley and Larroque), 190

Pawiak Prison, 47

Pearl Harbor (Hawaii), 6, 194, 205

Petain, Marshall, 58, 63–64

Picasso, Pablo, 77

Phillips, Muriel, 204–12

Podgorska, Stefania, 49–56

Polak, Milan, 222

Poland, 3–4, 35, 41, 47, 150; Catholic nuns, 34; children, as “Germanized,” 32; division of, 32, 36, 50; invasion of, 2, 31–32, 50, 136, 166, 171, 193, 199; Jewish ghettos in, 32, 36; Jews in, 32–34

Portugal, 80

Probst, Christoph, 14, 18, 21

Protest (leaflet), 33

Przemysl (Poland), 49–51

Raad van Verzet (Council of Resistance) (RVV), 104–5, 107

Radom (Poland), 36

Ragut, William M., 106

Rake, Denis, 180

Ravensbruck prison, 72–73, 121–22, 134, 136, 140

Reagan, Ronald, 101

Resistance movement, 3, 13, 25, 34, 92, 138; in Belgium, 126, 136, 142–45; courier work, 5, 137, 187, 222; in Denmark, 150, 153–54, 156, 159, 162; and espionage, 59–60; false identification papers, 4; in France, 1, 59–60, 63–64, 71–72, 74, 79–80, 83, 172–73, 186, 197–98, 200; in Netherlands, 95–96, 99, 103–8, 110, 119, 126; ration cards, 4–5, 118–19, 126; safe houses of, 4; underground newspapers of, 4, 126, 148, 159; women, role of in, 5–7. See also French Resistance; the Group; individual women; Laren Resistance

Righteous Among the Nations award, 7, 41, 48, 55, 88, 101, 115, 122, 127–28

Rokita, Sturmbannfürer, 37–38

Rommel, Erwin, 253

Roosevelt, Franklin D., 6, 193–94, 196; Date of Infamy speech, 204–5

Rose: Portrait of a Resistance Fighter (film), 74

Rosie the Riveter, 195

Rote Kapelle (Red Orchestra), 13

Rotterdam (Netherlands), 90, 95

Royal Air Force (RAF), 34, 154, 166, 171, 190

Royal Navy, 166

Rügemer, Eduard, 36, 38–41

Russia, 19. See also Soviet Union

Russian Empire, 32

safe houses, 27, 34, 131, 133, 162

Sandburg, Carl, 229

Schaap, James, 100

Schaft, Hannie, 92, 102–8

Schlage die trammel und furchte dich nicht (Beat the Drums and Be Without Fright) (von Maltzan), 29

Schmid, Jakob, 21–22

Schmorell, Alexander, 17–19

Scholl, Hans, 14–21

Scholl, Sophie, 14–18, 20–21, 23

Schutzstaffel (SS), 38

schwedenmöbel (Sweden furniture), 27–28

Semper Paratus, Always Ready (SPAR), 194

Sendler, Irena, 43–48

Seyss-Inquart, Commissioner, 105, 111

Sicherheitsdienst (SD), 38

Sietsma, Hein, 95–97, 100

Un simple maillon (Just a Link) (film), 127

Slovakia, 165–66, 224, 226;

Slovakian Uprising, 223

Sobibor (concentration camp), 4

Soldatensender West (radio program), 216–17

Soutendijk, Renée, 108

Southgate, Maurice (aka Hector Stationer), 187–89

Soviet Union, 6, 31–32, 34, 107; invasion of, 13, 50. See also Russia

Spain, 80, 130–32, 178–79, 231

Spanish Civil War, 131, 230

Special Operations Executive (SOE), 3, 59, 148, 168–69, 171–74, 176, 178–80, 182, 187, 196, 199–200

Stalin, Josef, 32, 34, 36, 52

St. Louis (Missouri), 76

St. Louis Post-Dispatch (newspaper), 230

Sweden, 27–28, 150, 160, 162

Synnestvedt, Alice Resch, 60

szmalcowniks, 34

ten Boom, Betsie, 116–17, 119–22

ten Boom, Casper, 116–18, 120

ten Boom, Corrie, 100, 116–23

tent hospitals, 207–9, 211

Ternopol (Ukraine), 37, 40; as Judenrein (Jew-pure), 38–39

Terwindt, Beatrix, 98

Theis, Edouard, 83, 85–87

Things We Couldn’t Say (Eman and Schaap), 100

Third Reich, 11, 14, 25

Treaty of Versailles, 9–10, 12, 152

Treblinka (concentration camp), 4, 48

Trocmé, André, 82–88

Trocmé, Magda, 82–88

Trocmé, Nelly, 85

Truman, Harry S, 202–3

Ukraine, 36

Union of German Girls, 15

United Nations, 103, 230

United Service Organization (USO), 216, 218–19; and Camp Shows, 215

United States, 5–6, 10, 41, 47, 55, 74, 101, 115, 134, 145, 182, 194, 196, 204, 214–15, 219, 230; as isolationist, 193; racism in, 76–77, 80

University of Munich, 16, 20–22

V-E (Victory in Europe) Day, 6

Vergeltungswaffen (“vengeance weapons”), 67, 167

Versteckt (Forbidden) (film), 29

Vichy France, 58, 62, 82–83, 188, 199

Viest, Rudolf, 224

Virot, Andrée, 68–74

Vivarais-Lignon Plateau, 83–84, 87–88

von Galen, Clemens August Graf, 16, 18

von Maltzan, Maria, 24–30

von Sternberg, Josef, 214

Vos, Aart, 109–13, 115

Vos, Johtje, 109–15

Vos, Peter, 112

de Vries, Theun, 108

Vught (concentration camp), 121

De waarheid (The Truth) (newspaper), 107

Waffen SS, 38

Wake, Nancy, 177–83, 252

Wales, 206. See also Great Britain

Warsaw (Poland), 33, 44

Warsaw ghetto, 19, 43–45, 47. See also Jewish ghettos

Wehrmacht (regular armed forces), 26, 38

Wesslen, Eric, 27, 29

White Rose pamphlet, 15–22

Wichfeld, Jorgen, 152

Wichfeld, Monica, 151–57

Wilhelmina, Queen, 90, 107

Wilhelmina Resistance Cross, 107

Witherington, Pearl, 184–91

Wittenstein, Jürgen, 18

Women Accepted for Volunteer Emergency Service (WAVES), 194

Women Airforce Service Pilots (WASP), 194

Women’s Army Corps (WAC), 194

Women’s Auxiliary Air Force (WAAF), 167, 171, 186

Women’s Land Army (WLA), 167, 195

Women’s Royal Naval Service (WRNS), 167

Women’s Voluntary Service (WVS), 167

Woodstock (New York), 115

World War I, 32, 57–58, 89, 125, 168

World War II, 1–2, 31, 165, 168, 182, 205, 208, 236

Wulff, Hilmar, 153–54

Yad Vashem, 7, 41, 48, 55, 88, 101, 115, 122, 127–28

Zegota, 33–34, 46–47

Zou-Zou (film), 77