Illustrations

1. Map of the Lower East Side

2. Tenements on Orchard Street at the turn of the century

3. Leaders of the Beef Trust

4. The Communipaw Stockyards at Jersey City, New Jersey

5. A turn-of-the-century postcard view of Manhattan’s East River slaughterhouses

6. A typical turn-of-the-century New York kosher butcher shop

7. Rabbi Jacob Joseph, the chief rabbi of New York

8. The Beis Hamidrash HaGadol synagogue on Norfolk Street, early 1900s

9. A cartoon, ca. 1902, by Charles L. Bartholomew

10. Ferdinand Sulzberger, president of Schwarzschild & Sulzberger

11. New York City Mayor Seth Low

12. “Stop! Don’t Eat Meat for Breakfast”

13. A kosher butcher shop on the East Side that had not yet been closed down

14. East Side women dutifully turned to vegetables in support of their butchers

15. Monroe Palace, ca. 1907

16. A squad of Lower East Side women remonstrating with a potential buyer

17. East Side women trying to prevent the sale of the high-priced Trust meat

18. Israel and Goldie Lustgarten and family, in front of their butcher shop

19. An early image of New Irving Hall

20. “We want kosher meat”

21. Abraham Cahan

22. Joseph Barondess

23. A Mrs. Perlmutter and others outside a Brooklyn butcher shop

24. A sketch of the courtroom scene in the Beef Trust case

25. Judge Peter S. Grosscup

26. Outside a kosher butcher shop in Brownsville, ca. 1918

27. The sacking of Julius Levine’s Morton Street kosher meat market in Boston

28. The Educational Alliance building, early 1900s

29. Dr. David Blaustein

30. The Power of Women

31. A tenant is evicted from 85 Willett Street

32. A crowd on the East Side discussing price of meat in front of shops, 1910

33. East Siders protesting the rising price of food, 1917

34. Mass demonstration against rising food prices at East Broadway and Rutgers Street, 1917