Pioneers of Australian Armour

Appendix A	Honours and Decorations
Appendix B	Australian Imperial Force Nominal Roll
Appendix C	Nominal Roll: 1st Australian Armoured Car Section, Battery and 1st Australian Light Car Patrol 1916-1919
Appendix D	Other Military Service: 1st Australian Armoured Car Section/Battery and 1st Australian Light Car Patrol 1916-1919
Appendix E	Nominal Roll: United Kingdom Personnel, attached 1st Australian Armoured Car Battery and 1st Australian Light Car Patrol 1916-1919. (Incomplete)
Appendix F	Vehicles and Vehicle Records of 1st Australian Armoured Car Section/Battery and 1st Australian Light Car Patrol 1916-1919
Appendix G	Notes on the establishment of a Light Car Patrol, 1941
Appendix H	5th Cavalry Division Narrative of Operations (19th September to 31st October 1918)
Appendix I	Nominal Roll: Tank Personnel 1918
Appendix J	Mk. IV (Female) Tank Technical Details
Appendix K	Notes on Tank Driving
Appendix L	Crewing a Mk. IV Tank: Martin Pegler’s Account

Abbreviations

Endnotes

Bibliography

Index

List of illustrations and maps

Part 1

A.	The December 1915 receipt for the purchase of armour plate by Captain James. The construction of the armoured cars was a considerable challenge in 1915 Melbourne.
1.	The 1st Armoured Car Battery in Egypt.
2.	Lieutenant Ernest Homewood James, 5th Australian Infantry Regiment, 1908.
3.	Military Order 213 of 1916.
4.	The vehicles of the 1st Australian Armoured Car Section at Royal Park, Melbourne, in mid-1916.
5.	The crews of the 1st Australian Armoured Car Section at Royal Park, Melbourne.
6.	The Daimler-based armoured car the crew named ‘Silent Sue’.
7.	Armoured motorcar machine-gun and crew.
8.	The Mercedes-based armoured car and crew at Victoria Barracks in May 1916.
9.	The presentation of the 1st Armoured Car Section to the Minister for Defence, Senator G.F. Pearce, at Victoria Barracks, Melbourne, in May 1916.
10.	First day out! June 1916.
11.	Damage caused by storms in the Indian Ocean.
12.	HMAT Katuna on arrival in the Suez Canal, August 1916.
13.	The 1st Australian Armoured Car Battery awaiting departure for southern Egypt.
14.	The Mercedes armoured car and crew on a railway flatcar preparing for the train journey from Moascar to Minia.
15.	Minia Camp was the home of the British 11th and 12th Light Armoured Motor Batteries.
16.	The Daimler armoured car in difficulties on the western frontier of Egypt.
17.	The arrival of a shipment of new Model T Fords in southern Egypt.
18.	Model T Fords were modified to suit local conditions.
19.	Number 4 Block House.
20.	The New Hudson motorcycle with its demountable sidecar.
21.	Model T Ford LC427 of a British light car patrol with a badly bent front axle.
22.	Sergeant Jack Langley and two other members of the 1st Australian Light Car Patrol aboard a heavily modified Model T Ford in early 1917.
23.	The graves of two Royal Flying Corps airmen who were lost in the desert 40 miles west of Khara.
24.	An Australian soldier stands in a line of defensive pits.
25.	Sergeant Ivan Young, Corporal Bert Creek, Drivers George Jones and George McKay in their quarters with their Christmas gifts, 1916.
26.	Members of the Armoured Car Battery with Christmas gifts provided by the Lady Mayoress’ Fund.
27.	Senussi prisoners on open railway trucks at Kharga.
28.	Captured Senussi rifles stacked at Block House 6.
29.	A member of the Light Car Patrol stands in front of a dug-in shelter in the Sinai.
30.	Lieutenant James watches Sergeant Ivan Young operate the Colt machine-gun.
31.	An overnight campsite.
32.	Light Car Patrol members wear gas masks while completing anti-gas training.
33.	Looking for enemy machines: the pedestal mount at the rear of one of the 1st Light Car Patrol’s Model T Fords is used to engage an enemy aircraft.
34.	Repairing a box-bodied Rolls Royce car in the desert.
35.	Four of the Light Car Patrol’s first issue of Model T Fords.
36.	Two of the 1st Light Car Patrol’s Model T Fords returning from a patrol.
37.	Typical semi-desert terrain encountered by the 1st Light Car Patrol in Palestine.
38.	A game of football somewhere in Palestine.
39.	The tough conditions of the Palestine Campaign forced the 1st Light Car Patrol to become self-sufficient.
40.	A forward outpost manned by the 1st Light Car Patrol on the Jordan River.
41.	Detail of the Lewis light machine-gun and mounting on one of the Light Car Patrol’s Model T Fords
42.	Light cars in various states of repair at a desert encampment in Palestine with three drivers working on mechanical problems.
43.	Brew up: crews enjoy a meal somewhere in Palestine in 1917.
44.	At the Dead Sea post the mechanical skills of the members of the Light Car Patrol were put to good use running captured Turkish patrol boats.
45.	Boys playing cricket in the Jordan Valley.
46.	General Allenby decorating Sergeant Langley of No. 1 Light Car Patrol with the Distinguished Conduct Medal.
47.	‘Broken down on the desert 10 miles from home two of the chaps had to walk back for another car.’
48.	A light car in fighting order.
49.	The Battle of Megiddo saw the collapse of the Turkish forces in Syria.
49a.	Daily Orders Part II dated 22-2-1919.
50.	The vehicle park of the 1st Australian Light Car Patrol and the British Armoured Car Batteries in Syria, 1918.
51.	A smiling Captain James in typical officer’s working dress, complete with necktie and a Light Horse emu plume in his slouch hat.
52.	No. 1 Australian Light Car Patrol at Aleppo Railway Station in November 1918.
53.	Sergeant Bert Creek and Driver Hal Harkin with Turkish Prisoners, 150 miles from Alexandretta.
54.	General Allenby, mounted, taking a salute from paraded drivers and crew of armoured cars, including the 1st Australian Armoured Car Section.
55.	Sergeant John Langley’s grave marker in the military cemetery at Aleppo, Syria.
56.	Jack Langley’s Roll of Honour circular for the Australian War Memorial.
57.	John H. Langley as a student at Trinity Grammar, Melbourne, 1911.
58.	Troopers Cohn and Richardson escort a Turkish Officer.
58a.	Crews standing with their vehicles at Minia Camp in late 1916.
59.	The ‘originals’ of the 1st Australian Armoured Car Section as they appeared prior to embarkation.
60.	Ernest James behind the wheel of an early motorcar.
61.	Cadet Corporal Henry Harkin of the Melbourne Grammar School Cadet Unit.
62.	The wedding party of Lieutenant Ernest James and Kate Melville in Brunswick in 1908.
63.	Pre-embarkation studio portrait of Lieutenant Ernest Homewood James, taken at Broadmeadows Camp in May 1916.
64.	Second Lieutenant Percy Cornwell, Broadmeadows Camp, May 1916.
65.	Lieutenant Percy Cornwell leaning over the engine of a Rolls Royce.
66.	Sergeant Ivan Young, photographed at Broadmeadows Camp in May 1916.
67.	Lieutenant Ivan Young, Australian Flying Corps, wearing his flying suit in Bendigo in 1918.
68.	Herbert Creek outside McDonald’s Motor Garage, Hamilton,1912.
69.	Studio portrait of Corporal Herbert Creek taken at Broadmeadows Camp in May 1916.
70.	Herbert Creek at the wheel of HRH the Prince of Wales’ limousine during the Prince’s Australian tour.
71.	Portrait of Driver Robert McGibbon, one of the 1st Armoured Car Section ‘originals’, who transferred to the Australian Flying Corps as an air mechanic in August 1917.
72.	Driver Oscar Hyman’s studio portrait taken at Broadmeadows Camp in May 1916.
73.	Studio portrait of Lance Corporal Walter Thompson taken at Broadmeadows Camp in May 1916, just prior to his embarkation.
74.	Studio portrait of Driver Henry Harkin, the youngest recruit to the 1st Armoured Car Section, taken at Broadmeadows Camp in May 1916.
75.	Corporal Leslie Millar, prior to embarking for overseas service with the 1st Armoured Car Section.
76.	Driver Gordon Alexander McKay, Armoured Car Section.
77.	Driver Norman Bisset joined the Armoured Car Section after being invalided to Australia following the Gallipoli Campaign.
78.	Sergeant John Langley served with the 1st Armoured Car Section and the 1st Light Car Patrol and was awarded a DCM and Bar in late 1918.
79.	Studio portrait of Driver George Morgan taken at Broadmeadows Camp in May 1916.
80.	A light car and crew at Aleppo in November 1918.
81.	Trooper Kenrick Cory Riley, 16th Reinforcements, 6th Light Horse Regiment, of Warialda, NSW.
82.	Troopers Basil Jarvis and Leo Cohn with Sergeant Creek in Syria in 1919.
83.	Trooper Leo Cohn, 8th Light Horse Regiment, prior to embarkation in 1915.
84.	A moment to relax at the Dead Sea post in 1918.
85.	Privates Bosanquet and Simpson with fish caught in the Jordan River, 1918.
86.	Driver Albert Gordon Holley, No. 1 Pack Wireless Signal Troop.
87.	Captain Ernest James, MC, with Trooper Frank Arnott, MM, at Aleppo, Syria.
88.	Officers and other ranks of the 1st Australian Light Car Patrol.
89.	Members of the Light Car Patrol enjoy a trip to the pyramids and the Sphinx in their final days in Egypt.
90.	Members of the Light Car Patrol waiting for transport to the Kaiser-i-Hind in May 1919.
91.	Kaiser-i-Hind in May 1919.
92.	Leo Cohn pictured at Caulfield Rehabilitation Hospital with a group of returned soldiers.
93.	Home! George Morgan with Mabel in Castlemaine, 1919.
94.	Ernest James sits inside one of his scale models.
95.	Bert Creek recalls the Desert war.

Part 2

1.	Early tanks were neither reliable nor immune to shellfire, often ending up disabled and mired on the battlefield.
2.	In Brisbane, Mr Frank Bowcher appeals to the crowd to buy war bonds.
3.	Many replicas bore only a vague resemblance to the real thing.
4.	In Perth, Western Australia, a ‘low profile’ version is paraded in support of the Sixth War Loan.
5.	In Sydney, speakers exhort the crowd to buy war bonds from a more compact version of the ‘tank’.
6.	The use of replica tanks was not confined to the state capitals.
7.	The three replica tanks that toured Victoria in 1918.
8.	Despite their ungainly and less than accurate appearance, replica tanks were crowd-pleasers nonetheless.
9.	Nothing, however, could substitute for seeing the real tank once it arrived in Australia.
10.	Members of the Military Board at the outbreak of war in 1914.
11.	Tank Week in Adelaide, South Australia, was the first interstate outing for Australia’s first tank.
12.	The tank demonstrated its mobility at the Unley Oval, following a preset path across a series of specially constructed obstacles simulating the shell holes of no man’s land and the enemy’s fortified trenches.
13.	Tank demonstration, ‘War Tank Week’, Adelaide.
14.	Tank demonstration, ‘War Tank Week’, Adelaide.
15.	Tank demonstration, ‘War Tank Week’, Adelaide.
16.	Tank demonstration, ‘War Tank Week’, Adelaide.
17.	The culmination of each Saturday’s performance was the tank crashing through a specially built stone house, much to the delight of the crowd.
18.	Grit takes its place in the Victory March through Melbourne on 19 May 1919.
19.	Grit’s final fundraising appearance near Luna Park, St Kilda.
20.	Grit was transferred to the collection of the Australian War Museum in 1921, and was initially displayed in a semi-open area at the Exhibition Buildings in Melbourne.
21.	The government transport service employees who moved Grit from the Canberra Railway Station to the Australian War Memorial pose on and around Grit in the area that later became the Western Courtyard.
22.	Grit is delivered to the Australian War Memorial.
23.	A newly repainted and conserved Grit in 2009.
24.	Sappers William Kermack Marnie (left) and Arthur James Crampton, both of 2nd Field Company Engineers, outside their dugout at Anzac Cove.

List of diagrams

1.	The first Australian armoured vehicle was Daimler-based ‘Gentle Annie’, designed and built by its enthusiastic crew.
2.	The second armoured car, based on a Mercedes chassis, was christened ‘Silent Sue’ by its crew who considered it the quietest of the unit’s vehicles.
3.	The Model T Ford was one of the most widely recognised vehicles of its time.
4.	The Mk. IV (Female) tank sent to Australia was a standard early 1918 vehicle produced by the Coventry Ordnance Works in Scotland.

List of Maps

1.	Area of operations, Western Desert, southern Egypt and Libya, 1916–17
2.	Area of operations, Sinai and Palestine, 1917–18
3.	Area of operations, Palestine–Syria, 1918