Index

Figures in italics indicate captions to illustrations.

AA 376

accelerometers 373, 379

Acre, Israel 61, 62

Adam 66, 67

Adelaide 234, 235, 239

Admiralty 348

Charts 220, 222, 266

Aegean Sea 49

aethroscopes 189

Africa

Andrea Bianco map 71

in the Beatus Map 66

blank spaces in 210–14, 213, 216, 219

and de la Cosa’s map 109–10

Ebstorf map 69

and Gastaldi 84, 143

gold reserves 205

on Mappa Mundi 48, 49

and Hondius 141n

imperialism in 216

Mercator’s map 132

Ogilby’s work 172

as part of Gondwana 260

and the Silver Map 138

in The Times Atlas 152

Vinland Map 92

Waldseemüller map 113

world in three sections 25, 27

Africanus, Leo 207

Agrippa, Emperor 49

Agueras y Arcas, Blaise 435

Aitchison, James 182

Aitsinger, Michael 160

Al-Idrisi, Muhammad 62, 63–5

The Book of Roger 64

Alakabeth: World of Doom 408

Álarcón, Hernando de 121

Aldrin, Buzz 425

Alerte (ship) 252

Alexander Island 265

Alexander the Great 23, 67, 143

Alexandria, Egypt 22, 24, 66, 92

Algeria 218

Allan, Alasdair 432

Allen, Woody 320

Alphadesigner (Yanko Tsvetkov) 439

Alphonso V of Portugal 76

Amazon (retailer) 435

America

the Blaeu Atlas Maior on 148

Cortés makes first plan of an American city 120

and Hondius 141n

name appears on a map for first time 112, 113–14, 117, 119

name begins to appear on other maps 120

Ogilby’s English Atlas 172

in Theatrum Orbis Terrarum 143

Waldseemüller choice of name 119 see also United States

American Academy of Arts and Sciences 388

American Eagle

(Churchman) 162–63, 162

American Psychological Association 370

Ampthill Park 326

Amsterdam 124, 146

Amundsen, Roald 256, 272, 314n, 425

Amundsen microprobe 393n

Amusement Land test 368, 368

Anaximander of Miletus 26, 26

Andrea Bianco 70–71, 70

Angelus, Jacobus 103

Antarctic Circle 263

Antarctic Peninsula 263–64

Antarctic Treaty (1959) 271

Antarctica

Amundsen’s route 256, 256

Discovery expedition in 256, 258–9

Finé’s map 262

in data from Marinus of Tyre 37

land-grab map 271

mapped by satellites 273, 430

Mercator’s map 126

as part of Gondwana 260

Terra Nova expedition 259

Ui-te-Rangiora fable 260

and United States 271, 272, 378n

Antoniadi, Eugenios 391–2

Antony, Mary 32

AOL 428

Apian, Peter 120

Apollonius 23

Apple 434–5

Apple Mac 416

Apple Maps 434–35

Arabia

in Eratosthenes’s map 28

and Gastaldi 143

Arader, W. Graham, III 352–8, 355, 364–5

Archimedes 23, 29

Arctic 234, 251, 260

Argand oil lamp 189

Argentina 271, 272

Aristotle 23, 28

Arizona 121

Armada 136

armillary spheres see astrolabes

Armitage, Simon 372

Armsheim, Johannes

de 105

Armstrong, Neil 429

Arneson, Dave 408

Arrian 23

Ashford, Mary 200–203, 202

Ashford, William 201

Asia

Andrea Bianco map 71

and Columbus 107

Gastaldi’s mural 84

Hereford Mappa Mundi 49

Strabo on 33

Toscanelli’s suggestion 105–6

Vinland Map 92

Waldseemüller map 113

world in three sections 25, 27

Association of American Geographers 367

astrolabes 25

Atkinson, James 70

Atlantic Ocean

Andrea Bianco map 71

and Drake’s Passage 138–9

in Eratosthenes’s map 28

Atlas 14, 140, 142

Atlas Mountains 25

atlases 14, 18

a craze in Venice 143

Mercator introduces the word 140

Blaeu Atlas Maior 149

popular atlas 144

world’s largest 158, 159

Augustus, Emperor 50

Aurea (ship) 241, 251

Austen, Jane 299

Australia

and Antarctica 271

Ayers Rock mapped 239

Burke and Wills’s journey 235–9, 236, 238

Cook sails to (1770) 263

explorers in 234–5

gold rush (1850s) 234

as part of Gondwana 260

telegraph line 239

and Terra Australis 261

Australopithecus 414

Automative Navigation

Data (AND) 380–81

Automobile Club of America 402

Ayers Rock (Uluru), Australia 239

Azimuthal projection 13, 127, 134, 350

Azores 71

Babylonian world map clay tablet 38, 38n

Bacon, CW 437

Baedeker 302–4, 303, 305, 306, 308, 310

Bahamas 106, 107, 111

Balbao, Vasco Nuñez de 113

Ball, Lucille 320

Banks, Joseph 205

Barber, Peter 53

barometers 182, 189

Barrie, Sir J. M. 311–12

Peter Pan 311

Barrow, Ian J. 193n

Bartholomew (cartographic firm) 154, 209, 404

Bassett, Thomas 208

Bauhaus school 154

Bayer, Hubert 154, 155–6

World Geo-Graphic Atlas 154–56, 155

Baynes-Cope, Dr Arthur David 52, 333

Bazalgette, Joseph 232

BBC 347, 348, 385, 436

BBC Worldwide 376n

Beardmore Glacier 270

Beatrice, Princess 223

Beatus Map 65–7, 66

Beatus of Liebana 65

Beer, Wilhelm 390–91

Behaim, Martin 113, 146

Erdapfel globe 336–38, 337

Beinecke Library, Yale

University 99, 102, 359, 362

Belgian Congo 216, 217, 218

Belgium 160

Bell Rock 250–51, 251

Bellerby, Peter 327–33, 331, 340–46, 342

Bellingshausen, Fabian

Gottlieb von 264–5

Bellini, Giovanni 85

Belwood, Peter 363

Ben Nevis 197

Berlin Conference (1884–5) 218

Bethesda Game Studios 397

Bethlehem 62

Bianco, Andrea 70, 79, 83

Biblioteca Marciana, Venice 75

Bills of Mortality 230

Bing Maps 380n, 435, 436

Binger, Louis-Gustave 204–5, 209

Bishop’s Head, St Paul’s Churchyard, London 171

Bismarck, Prince Otto von 218

Bissell-Thomas, James 343–44

Bitter River 38n

Bjarni Herjolfsson 91n

Blackberrys 19

Blaeu, Cornelis 147

Blaeu, Joan 147, 148, 149–51, 154, 158, 353

Blaeu, Willem 147

Africae Nova Descriptio 211, 212

Blaeu Atlas Maior 146–51, 149, 150, 158, 160

Blaeu dynasty 146–7, 151, 261, 397

Blair, Tony 58

Blake, Erin C. 74

Bland, Gilbert 363–64

Blaxland, Gregory 234–35

Blessed Isles 130

Blue Guides 304, 306

Blue Mountains, Australia 234

Blue Nile 205

board games 401–3, 403

Board of Ordnance 183, 186

Bodleian Library, Oxford 22

Boetti, Alighiero 440

Bogart, Humphrey 320

Boissière, Gilles de la 400

Bologna, Italy 103, 141

Bookheimer, Susan 423

Booth, Charles 274–8, 285

Booth, Mary 275

Borges, Jorge Luis 426

Bosch, Hieronymus 46

Boston, Massachusetts 122, 166

Bowers, Henry 270

Bowlegs, Captain Billy 248

Bowles, Carrington 183

Bradbury, Ray 389

Brahe, Tycho 147, 389

brain injury 414

brain mapping 410–23

brain expansion and sophistication 414–16

Brodmann maps 417–18, 419, 422

Chris Clark’s child health work 417, 420

Einstein’s brain 410, 413

Human Connectome Project 422–23

Maguire’s research on cab drivers 410–14, 412, 420

MRI scanning 420–21

phrenology 418–20, 419

repairing memory loss 414

tractography 421

Bransfield, Sir Edward 264

Brazil 116, 138

Brettania 28

Brewster, Sir David 267

Briggs, Henry 122, 123, 124

Brin, Sergey 428, 429

Britain

Andrea Bianco map 71

and Antarctica 271

‘Baedeker raids’ 303

in the Beatus Map 66

colonial surveys 190–93, 191

and de la Cosa’s map 109

on Hereford Mappa Mundi 48

imperialism in Africa 216

Matthew Paris’s strip map 62

Mercator’s Atlas on 141

Strabo’s comments 33

British Association For the Advancement of Science (BAFTAS) 266, 267

British Empire 164, 339

British Library, London 22, 45, 46, 53, 62, 66, 159, 356, 360, 363, 417

British Museum, London 38n, 52, 95, 98, 100, 101, 135, 269, 333, 440–1

Broad Street water pump, London 226, 227, 228, 229

Broca’s Area 417–18, 420

Brodmann, Korbinian 417–20, 422

Brontë, Charlotte 231–2

Brussels geographical conference (1876) 216

Buddhism 65

Bukhara, Uzbekistan 78

Bunyan, John 174

Burdwood Island 262–3

Burke, Robert O’Hara 235–39, 236, 238

Burke and Wills (film) 239

Burton, Charles 391

Burton, Richard 210

Burton Bay, Mars 391

Bush, George W. 58

Butler, Paul 15–16

Byrd, Admiral 268

Byron, Lord 299, 300

Byzantines 39, 66

Cabinet War Rooms, London 328, 347, 350

Cabot, John (Giovanni Caboto) 83, 105, 110

Cabot, Sebastian 83

‘cadastral’ maps 183

Caernarfon Castle 48

Caesar, Julius 32, 33

Cagnoli, Antonio: Traité de Trigonométrie 181

Caillié, René 214

California 138, 163

Drake in 137

as an ‘island’ 121–4, 123

California Institute of Technology, Pasadena (Caltech) 86

California Map Society 122

‘calottes’ 344

Calvin, William 415

Cambridge University 363

Camden, William 150, 179

Cameron, David 328

Cameroon 218

Canary Islands 130

Cannibal Islands, The 111

Cansay (Quinsay; now Hangchow), China 79

Cantilupe Pilgrimage Complex 54

Cape Adare 268

Cape Anne 268

Cape Canaveral 375

Cape Christie 268

Cape Cod, Mass. 122

Cape Comorin 192

Cape Cotter 268

Cape Crozier 259, 269

Cape Downshire 268

Cape Evans 269

Cape of Good Hope 106, 139, 213, 260, 261n

Cape Hallett 268

Cape Hooker 268

Cape McCormick 268

Cape Moore 268

Cape North 268

Cape Town 256

Cape Verde islands 83, 130, 138, 338

Cape Wood 268

Caquard, Sébastien 316–17, 318

Carpaccio, Vittore 85

Carpini, John de Plano 91, 92, 95, 96, 97

Carroll, Lewis 125, 426

Carta Marina 119

Cartographic Journal 316–17, 367

cartography

as both art and science 104

digital 197, 317, 319, 432, 433–4, 443

emergence of French ‘scientific’ school 151

Eratosthenes’s work 25

first copyright 174

first great German contribution to 105

golden age of 144

period of flamboyancy and ornamentation 151

romantic 268’ new commercial artform 146

cartouches 13, 103, 144, 148, 172, 179, 211

Cary, John 183

‘A New Map of Africa, from the Latest Authorities’ 207

Casablanca (film) 314–15, 315

Caspian Sea 25, 28

Cassini, Giovanni Maria 339, 353, 390

Globo Terrestre 339

Cassini de Thury, César-François: Description Géométrique de la France 181

Cassini family 181, 186

Carte de France 184, 185, 186

Castillo, Domingo del 121

Cathay 78, 79, 106, 111

Catherine of Aragon 326

Catherine of Braganza 173

Cazones 138

Ceylon 33

Chabrol, Claude 320

Champlain, Samuel de 360

Chanceaux, France 61

Chandler, Nancy 371

Charles, Prince of Wales 51

Charles II, King 151, 171, 173, 173

Charleston 304n

Chartwell, Kent 327, 328–9, 331–3

Charybdis 48

Cheffins, C. F. 228

Cherry-Garrard, Apsley 269, 270, 271

The Worst Journey in the World 269, 270, 391

Chevalier, Nicholas 238

Chile 138, 271

Chimneys, The 262–3

Ch’in Shu 81

China

the Blaeu Atlas Maior on 148

and Columbus 106, 107

first included in map data by Marinus of Tyre 37

and GPS 378n

isolationism 81

‘The Map of China and Barbarian Lands’ 81, 81

‘Maps of the Tracks of Yu The Great’ 81–2

and Marco Polo 78, 79

Ogilby’s work 172

prospects of exploration 79, 81

and the Silver Map 138

in The Times Atlas 152

in Theatrum Orbis Terrarum 143

cholera 223, 224–6, 225, 227, 228–30, 232

Christie’s auction house, London 181–2

Christopher, St 111

Christy, Miller 138, 139

chronometer 106n

Chu Ssu-Pen 82–3, 82

Churchill, Sir Winston 327, 328, 329, 331–5, 347–51, 349

Churchman, Joseph 162

Cinnamon Country 28, 34

circumnavigation of the earth

Drake’s (1580) 135, 136, 139

first (1522) 113, 137, 138

civic maps, earliest 26

Clark, Chris 417, 420, 421

Clark, William 353, 425

Clarkson, Jeremy 376n, 382

clay tablets 37–8, 38

Cleomedes 29

Cleopatra 32

Clinton, Bill 378

Cock, Hieronymus 122

Coffman, Ferris La Verne 248

Colby, Thomas 189

Cold War 133, 318

colonial surveys 190–93, 191

Colossus of Rhodes 48

Columbia University 357, 370

Columbus, Christopher 37, 76, 87, 91, 111, 119, 142, 336–37, 374

discovery of the New World 99

first trans-Atlantic voyage (1492) 35, 105–6, 110, 113, 136, 261n

and a flat earth 25

lands in South America 107, 116, 117, 118

and misnaming of America 112, 120

and Polo’s Travels 79

second voyage (1494) 107, 110

third voyage (1498) 107

Compass network 378n

compass points 18, 110, 369, 371

compasses 182, 197, 199, 267, 336–7, 404, 413

comScore 427

Condé Nast Traveller 369

Conformal projection 130

Congo 213, 443

Congo Free State 216, 218

Congo River 210, 216

Conquete du Monde, La (board game) 402

Conrad, Joseph 209–10, 218–19

Constantinople 103

Container Corporation of America 154

Contarini, Giovanni 111–12

contours 198

Cook, Captain James 181, 261, 263, 264, 271

Cooper’s Creek, Australia 236, 237, 239

Copernicus, Nicolaus 130, 389

copper plates 84, 103, 141n, 147, 151, 177

copyright 174, 290, 341

Cordiform projection 127

Coronelli, Vincenzo 338

Cortés, Hernán 105, 121

county surveys 183

Crane, Nicholas 130

Crates of Mallus 34, 259–60

Creation 58, 140, 148

Cretan Labyrinth 46

Crimean War (1853–6) 250

Crocker Nuclear Laboratory 100

Crozet Islands 258

Cuba 107, 111

Curtiz, Michael 314

Cyrene, Libya 25

D&D World of Greyhawk 408

D. Appleton & Co. 304n, 376

D-Day 307, 307

Da Gama, Vasco 105, 110, 260–61, 261n, 425

Da Pisa, Rustichello 76, 78

Da Signa, Boncompagno 84–5

Dabbs, James 371

Dagronia 74

Dalche, Patrick Gautier 69

Dalrymple, Alexander 263

D’Anville, Jean Baptiste Bourgignon 212–14, 213

Dapper, Olfert 365

Darrow, Charles Brace 403

Darwin 239

Davenport, B. Warwick 334, 335

Davis, Irving 95, 97

Davis, J. E. 222

Dawkins, Richard 18, 415–17

Day, Nicole 331, 332, 333

De Cantilupe, St Thomas 54–5

De Gruchy & Leigh’s map of Burke and Wills’ route 235–6, 236, 238

de Hamel, Dr Christopher 42

de la Acensión, Antonio 124

De la Cosa, Juan 116

map of Columbus’s journeys 107–11, 108

De Mosto, Alvise 83

dead reckoning 106, 374, 378, 383

De’Barbari, Jacopo 84, 85

Declaration of Independence (1776) 165

Defoe, Daniel 222

delineators 182

Deller, Jeremy 440

Dexter, Mike 197

Diana, Princess 51

Dias, Bartolomeu 105, 106, 261n

Dickens, Charles 233, 339

Dijkstra, Edsger W. 380n

DiMaggio, Joe 322

Discovery expedition (1901–4) 255–6, 258–9, 273

Discovery space shuttle 375

disease maps 230, 231

Doge’s Palace, Venice 79, 84

Dollond, John 182

Dollond, Peter 182

Don River 49

Donwood, Stanley 440

Doom 406

Doppelmayr, Johann Gabriel 338

Dr Strangelove 317, 318

dragons on maps 72–74, 73, 431

Drake, Sir Francis 135–39, 262, 425

Drake Passage 138–39, 272

‘Drogho’ 101n

Drummond, Thomas 189, 190

Dublin 246, 247

Dungeons & Dragons (D&D) 406–8, 407

Dunkirk evacuation 348

Dürer, Albrecht 127

D’Urville, Jules Dumont 268

earth, the

bulges slightly at Equator 29

at centre of the universe 27

circumference 29

curvature of 110, 126, 192, 350

Drake’s circumnavigation 135

dual-hemisphere projection 76

Eratosthenes’s calculations 29, 32, 33

first circumnavigation (1522) 113, 337

flat 24–5, 26, 26

the inhabited world 27–8

as one round planisphere 76

round 24

spherical 25, 27, 126

Strabo’s calculations 33

Earth Platinum Edition 158, 159

East End, London 275, 275, 276, 277–8

East India Company 192

Ebstorf map 67, 68, 69, 73, 74

eco-tourism 309

Eden, Garden of 66, 67, 76n

Edinburgh 311–12

Edney, Matthew 184, 186

Edward I, King 48

Egypt 138, 301

Eighty Years War (1568–1648) 161

Einstein, Albert 410–11, 413, 420

Elcano, Juan Sebastian 137

Elder Scrolls 395, 396

Elizabeth I, Queen 135, 141, 181, 262

Elizabethides 262–63

Ellingham, Mark 310

Endurance expedition (1914–16) 222, 265

English Strait 265

Enlightenment 126

epilepsy 421

Equator, and projections 127

Eratosthenes 34, 192, 391, 409, 425

calculates the earth’s measurements 29, 32, 33

first astrolabe 25

Librarian at Alexandria 25

use of Library scrolls 26–7

world map 27–8, 30

Geographica 25

Erebus (ship) 267

Ericsson (Eiriksson), Leif 91n, 425

‘Estoliland’ 101n

Etak 380n

Euphrates River 33, 38n

Europe

Al-Idrisi’s map 64

Andrea Bianco map 70–71

Erasthenes’s map 28

and GPS 378n

Hereford Mappa Mundi 48, 49

look of Europe transformed 234

Mercator’s map 132

and the Silver Map 137

Europe on $5 a Day 308

Evans, Edgar 271

Evans, Sir Frederick 220

Evans, Lewis 353

Everest, George 190–93

Expositio Mappae Mundi 69–70

Facebook map 15–17

Faraday, Michael 189

Farmville 406

Ferdinand II, King of Castile 106, 119, 142

Ferdinand VII, King of Spain 124

Ferrajoli de Ry, Enzo 90, 94, 95, 97, 98

Festival of Britain map 437

Fields, W. C. 321

Financial Times 345

Finé, Oronce 120, 261, 262

Finke, Leonhard Ludwig 231

First World War 306, 349

Fischer, Josef 101–2, 119n

Fisher, Otto 359

Fitz, Ellen Eliza 340

Fleet River 175

Fleury, France 61

flight trackers 436

Flinders River 237

Florida: first dated map to name Florida 120

Flynn, Errol 321

Fodor, Eugene 307, 308

Folio Society 53

‘fomites’ 224

Fonda, Henry 320

Fontana, Francisco 389–90

Ford, Richard 300n

forgery 87, 92, 96, 97, 100, 118, 364–5

Forlani, Paolo 143

Forster, E.M. 302–3

Fortunate Isles 66

Foursquare 432

Fowler, Lorenzo Niles and Orson Squire 418, 419, 419

Fowler, William 201

France

Andrea Bianco map 71

and Antarctica 271

Cassini family’s Carte de France 184, 185, 186

French ‘scientific’ school of map-making 151

imperialism in Africa 216

maps of occupied France 394

Michelin guides 306–7

triangulation in 186, 390

Franz Ferdinand, Archduke 306

Frederick the Great 184

Friedman, Thomas L. 72

Frisland 138, 141

Frobisher, Sir Martin 139

Frommer, Arthur 307, 308

Fukushima 432

Gable, Clark 320

Gale Ridge 268

Galileo Galilei 387

Galileo network 378n

Gall, Franz Joseph 418

Gall, James 131

Gall-Peters projection 131–2, 132, 133

Gallia 137

Garamantes of Solinus 50

Garmin 318, 376, 380n

gaslight 189, 190

Gastaldi, Giacomo 83–4, 143

Gebirge Kong 207

Geffen, David 323

geocaching 199

geography

coining of the word 26

first scholars 24

geology 260

George III, King 186, 357

George VI, King 347

Germany

the Blaeu Atlas Maior on 148

imperialism in Africa 216

magnetic science 266

Mercator’s map 132–3

Monopoly in 405n

role in revival of Ptolemy 146

Gerry, Elbridge 165, 166

Gerrymander 165–6, 166

Gervase of Tilbury 69

Getty, Paul 45

Gibbs Island 265

Giorgione 85

Gladwell, Malcolm (‘Timothy Nation’) 369–70

Glastonbury Festival 439

Globe, London 170

globes 14

‘All States in the Union’ 340

Behaim’s globe 113

Churchill’s globe 327–36, 347

eastern hemisphere 119

Erdapfel 336–8, 337

craze for collectors 104

first successful commercial American globemaker 340

Lenox Globe 73–4

manufacture and sale of 339–40

maps and styles of globes 338–9

miniature 336

Patrick Moore’s globes 385, 386

Glockenthon, Georg Albrecht 337–8

Glonass network 378n

Gnomic projection 127

gnomon 29, 192

Goddijn, Harold 380–83, 381

Goebbels, Joseph 405n

Gog and Magog 67

Golden Fleece 46, 69, 143

Golden Hind (ship) 262

Goldfinger (film) 318

Gondwana 260

Google 131, 383

and Apple 434–5

buys Google Earth software 429

internal mapping 425–6

Liquid Galaxy map wall 425, 426

McClendon’s ambition 427–8

and privacy issues 432–3

Google Earth 17, 425, 427–30

Google Maps 126, 134, 310, 344, 376, 424, 425, 427, 428, 430–7

Google Scholar 428

Google Sky 427

Google Street View 433

Googleplex, Mountain View, California 424, 425, 426, 433, 443

Goos, Abraham 122

Gosse, William 239

Gould, Rupert 222

Gowrie, Lord 42, 43, 44, 45, 52

GPS (Global Positioning System) 19, 186, 197, 199, 374–84

advanced trilateration 374

arrival of in-car digital mapping 379

commercialisation of US Navy’s ‘Transit’ system 379

Dutch dominance of the new digital mapping world 379–80

and large sheet maps 377–8

loss of 375

and OpenStreetMap 442

principles of 378–9

privacy issue 432

start of 378

TomTom Go Live 1005 World 375–6

and US 378n

when it fails 376–7, 377 see also sat navs

Grand Forks, North Dakota test 368

Grand Theft Auto 4 (GTA4) 397–98

Grand Tour of Europe 298

Graphical User Interface 416

graticule 13, 39, 127

Gray, Charles 237, 238, 239

Great Bear map 292, 437

Great Fire of London (1666) 171, 173, 174, 179, 180, 230

Great Ice Barrier 258, 268, 314n

Great Lakes 123, 248

Great Library of

Alexandria 38, 43, 425

destruction by fire (48 BC) 32

Eratosthenes’s calculations 29

first accomplished maps of the world 23–4

fragmentary information about world 25

legacy of Alexander the Great 23

Library scrolls 22, 26–7

proto-map of the world 24

Ptolemy’s atlas 34–5, 36, 37

the world’s first university 23

Great Meridional Arc 192

Great Plague (1665) 229, 230

Great Trigonometrical

Survey of India 191–2, 191, 193

Great Wall of China 67

Great White Silence, The (film) 314n

Greaves & Thomas 344

Greco-Persian wars 24

Greco-Roman empire 37

Green, Robert 171

Greenland

the Blaeu Atlas Maior on 148

first printed world map to show Greenland 105

Mercator’s map 126, 132

shown as an island for first time 261, 262

Vinland Map 93, 93

Greenwich, London 277, 339

Greenwich Island 265

Greenwich Observatory, London 186, 391n

grid north 198

Guanahani, Bahamas 107, 111

guidebooks 297–310

Baedekers 301, 303–4, 303, 305

Blue Guides 304, 306

criticism of 302–3

Murrays 298–304, 301

Fodor and Frommer 307–9

Lonely Planet and Rough Guides 308–10, 309

and spread of railways 301

Guinness Book of World Records 151, 159

Gulf of Carpentaria, Australia 235, 236, 237

Gulf of Guinea 207, 208

Gulf of Mexico 120, 248

Gunter’s chains 182, 183

Gurney, Goldsworthy 190

Gutenberg Bible 99, 101, 359

Gutierrez, Diego 121

Gygax, Gary 408

Gymnasium Vosagense 113

gyroscopes 373, 379

Hakluyt, Richard 136

Halley, Edmund 131, 170

Hamilton, Captain R.V. 221–2

Handbook to India, Burma and Ceylon (Murray) 301

Harbour, Dominic 55, 56

Harcourt, Rev W. Vernon 267

Harold, King 39

Harrison, John 106n

Harrison, Richard Edes 350, 351, 351

Harry Potter and The Prisoner of Azkaban (film) 318–20, 319

Hartman, Phil 322

Harvard University 360

Harvey, Miles 364

Hastings, Battle of (1066) 39

Haynes, Very Reverend Peter, Dean of Hereford 42–3, 44, 51, 52

Hecataeus of Miletus 26

heliostats 189

Helluland 93

Hendrik van Loon’s Wide World 402

Heng, Chang 81

Henry III, King 60

Henry VII, King 83

Henry the Navigator 337

‘Here Be Dragons’ map myth 72, 73, 73, 74

Hereford Cathedral 42–3, 45, 51–2, 75

Chained Library 45, 52, 56

Hereford Mappa Mundi 42–58, 47, 48, 53, 62, 63, 67, 69, 70, 75, 112, 298, 333

anomalies on 48

dating of 48

described 43–4, 46–50, 57

facsimiles of 52–3

am 52

proposed sale of 42–3, 44, 45, 53

resurgence in academic study of 53–5

sources 46

a T-O map 49

Hero (boat) 264

Herodotus 24–5, 211

Herschel, Sir John 266

Herschel II Strait, Mars 391

Hill, Sir Rowland 201–2, 202, 203

hippocampus 412–14, 421

Hippocrates 231

Hippodamus 26

Hispaniola 107

Historia General 122

Hitler, Adolf 303, 329

Hoces, Francisco de 137n

Hodgson, Thomas 258

Hollar, Wenceslaus 172

Holy Land 78

and Madaba map 39

Holzer, Jenny 440

Homann, Johann Baptist 338

Home, Gordon 256

Homer 23, 24, 25, 34, 103

Hondius, Henricus 147

Hondius, Jodocus 141n, 211, 261, 353

Hondius dynasty 151

Hooke, Robert 179

Hope, Bon 320

Hounslow Heath 187

Housego, Fred 413

Howitt, Alfred 238

Hsiu, P’ei 81

Hsuang-Tsang 65

Hudson Strait 139

Human Connectome Project 422–3

human genome 422

Humboldt, Alexander von 107n

Hunt, Frank A. de Vine 349

hunter-gatherers 370–71, 415, 416

Huygens, Christiaan 390

IBM 432

Iceberg B-15 264n

Iceland

Behaim’s Erdapfel globe 338

the Blaeu Atlas Maior on 148

Ichaboe Island 222

ichnographic maps 175

Imago Mundi

journal 102

India

in the Beatus Map 66

Calcutta map 193n

and de la Cosa’s map 110

in Eratosthenes’s map 28

Great Trigonometrical Survey of India 191–2, 191, 193

Herodotus’s work 25

Marco Polo in 78

opening up of 308

Strabo on 33

Vasco da Gama’s arrival in 110

Waldseemüller map 113

‘Indian Question’ 152

Indiana Jones 315–16

inertial navigation 373–74, 379

Infortunates Insules 138

International

Astronomical Union 86

international dateline 221

International Map Collectors’ Society (IMCoS) 328

International Space Station 375

Internet 19, 310, 429, 433

iPhones 197, 375, 432–3, 435

Iraq war (2003–11) 394, 429

Ireland

and de la Cosa’s map 109

in Eratosthenes’s map 28

Ordnance Survey 188–90, 192

Strabo’s comments 33

Vinland Map 92

Irwin, B. St G. 199

Isabella, Haiti 111

Isabella I, Queen of Castile 106

Ischia 143

Isidore of Seville, St 46, 66

Isle of Wight 92, 188, 343, 344

isothermal lines 107n

Italy

imperialism in Africa 216

printing trade 146

itinerarium 297

Itinerary from Bordeaux to Jerusalem 297–8

Jacobite Uprising (1745) 183–84

Jacobs, Frank 438n

Jacobs, Henry 201

Jaffe & Neale’s Bookshop 197, 199

‘James Bond’ 316, 318

James I, King 172

Janssonius, Johannes 147, 154, 261

Janszoon, Willem 235n

Japan

and Columbus 106–7, 336–7

and Contarini 111

and Marco Polo 78, 79

Ogilby’s work 172

and the Silver Map 138

in The Times Atlas 152

and Ushahidi mapping 442–3

Jefferson, Thomas 340, 353

Jerome, St 46

Jerusalem

Baedeker’s map 304

Ebstorf map 69

and Hereford Mappa Mundi 43, 55–6

Holy Sepulchre 78

and Madaba map 39

Paris’s Chronica Majora 58, 59, 60, 61

in Psalter Map 67

Vinland Map 92

Jesus Christ 33, 43, 69, 69

jigsaws, map 401, 401

Jobs, Steve 353, 354

John Bull 164–5

Johnson, B. 437

Johnson, Martin 314n

Johnson, Osa 314n

Johnson, Steven 232

Journal of Experimental Psychology 369

Journey Through Europe 401

Joyce, James 246, 247

Kam, Alex 353, 354, 358

Keates, Jonathan 306

Kelly, Ned 239

Kennedy, John F. 322

Kent: Ordnance Survey 188, 188

Kenya 442, 442

Khubilai Khan 78

Kidd, William ‘Captain’ 252

Kidron, Michael and Segal, Ronald: The State of the World Atlas 156–8, 157

Kindle devices 435

King, John 237, 238, 238, 239

King, Simon 197, 198, 199

King’s College, Cambridge 363

King’s Creek, Australia 237

Kino, Eusebio 124

Klencke Atlas 151, 158, 159

Knight, Edward Frederick 240, 241, 243, 246, 251–4, 252, 255, 269

Knopf 350

Knowledge, The 411, 412

La Navidad, Haiti 107, 111

Lafreri-Doria Atlas 143

Lake Tanganyika 214

Lake Victoria 214, 216

Lambert, Johann Heinrich 131

Lambton, William 192

Lamorisse, Albert 402

Lander, John 208

Lander, Richard 208

Lane, Samuel 340

Lang, Fritz 317

Latitude 13, 37, 39, 43, 106n, 126, 127, 130

Leichardt, Ludwig 235

Leland, John 179

Leno, Dan 190

Lenox Globe 73–4

Leo Belgicus 160–62, 161

Leo Hollandicus 161

Leonardo da Vinci 127

Leopold, Prince 223

Leopold II, King of the Belgians 216, 218

Letts, Malcolm 50

Lewis, Meriwether 353, 425

Lewis, Sarah 229–30

Lewis, Police Constable Thomas 229

Lexicon (game) 403

Leybourn, William 174

Liberty City video game 394, 398–400, 399

Library of Congress, Washington DC 112, 135, 165, 248, 356

Libya 28, 218

Ancient 25

Lily, George 143

Lima 138, 242

Lincoln Highway (board game) 402

Liquid Galaxy map wall, Google 425, 426

Little Titch 190

Livingstone, David 204, 210, 214, 216, 330, 425

Livingstone, Marion Carswell 330

Lloyd, Marie 190

London

bombing in Second World War 180

Great Stink 232

maps of 170–71

mapsellers’ advertisements 168, 170

Norden’s map 167–8, 168, 171

Paris’s strip map 60, 62 see also Great Fire of London

London Epidemiological Society 229

London Poverty Map (Booth) 274–8, 275

Lonely Planet 308–10

longitude 37, 39, 43, 126

fixing of 18

and Harrison’s chronometer 106n

and projections 127

and Ptolemy 130

Look at the World 350–51

Lottery Octopus, The 165

Louis XIV, King 356

Louis XV, King of France 184

Louisiana Purchase Proclamation 353

Low Countries

cartography turned into a new commercial artform 146

Leo Belgicus 160

Lowell, Percival 387–9, 388, 389, 391

Lowell Observatory, Arizona 387–8, 388, 391, 392

Lubbock, Sir John 267

Lyttleton, New Zealand 258

M (film) 317–18

McClendon, Brian 425–32

McCrone Associates 100, 101

Macey’s Island 262–3

Mackintosh, Steven 329

McLaughlin, Glen 122–3

McMurdo Sound 269, 272

McNally, Rand 209

Madaba map 39

Madison, James 353

Mädler, Johann von 390–91

Magellan, Ferdinand 113, 137, 138 374, 425

Magellan Straits 170

Maggs Bros 354

magnetic compass 110

magnetic north 198

Magnetic Resonancing Imaging (MRI) 420, 421

diffusion 420, 421

functional 420

magnetic science 266

Maguire, Eleanor 411–14, 417, 420

Mammoth Cave 304n

Manhattan 122, 149, 150, 231, 398, 411

Manomotara 213

map auction, (Christie’s, London, 1790) 181–2

map dealer, the biggest 352–60, 355

map thieves 360–64, 361

map-folding 312

Mapipedia 442

Mappa Mundi Trust 45

mappae mundi 63, 260, 360, 406, 429, 440

video games 395 see also Hereford Mappa Mundi

MapQuest 380n, 428

maps and games

board games 401–5, 403

card games 400–401

jigsaws 401, 401

role-playing games 406–8, 407

video games 395–400, 396, 399, 405–6, 408–9

Mar Del Zur 122

Mar Vermeio 122

Marauder’s Map, The 318–19, 319

Marie Byrd Land 268

marine vessel trackers 436

Mariner spacecraft 387, 389, 392, 392

Marinus of Tyre 37, 260

Markland 93

Mars

the canali 389, 390, 391–3

first full map based on Mercator projection 390–91

first maps 389–90

life on 388–9, 391–3

Lowell’s theories 388–9

Mariner 4 orbiter 389

orbital movements 389

and Patrick Moore’s books 386–7

Mars Exploration Rovers 393

Marshall, General George C. 332–3, 335

Marston, Tom 96–9

Martellus, Henricus 261n

Mary, Virgin 71

Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) 405

Mastermind 413

Mauretania Hotel, Los

Angeles 322

Mauro, Fra 13, 75–6, 79, 81

map of the world 76, 77, 79, 83, 105

May, Brian (and corkscrew barnet) 385

Mayo, Nancy H. 122–3

Me-Mapping 429

Mecca 92

medical geography 231

Melbourne 234, 235, 236, 239

Melbourne, Lord 266

Mellon, Paul 98

Mercator, Gerardus 15, 76, 126, 135, 137, 140–41, 146, 150, 261, 350, 353, 425

Scull’s theft 363

Mercator, Michael 135, 141

Mercator, Rumold 141

Mercator projection 13, 126, 130–31, 136, 350, 390–91

Mercator’s Atlas 140–41, 142

Mercator’s map 125–7, 128, 130–34

Mexico, opening up of 308

Meyer’s Loop 421

MI9 404, 405n

Michelin guides 306–7, 307, 376

Microsoft 134, 416, 435

Middle East peace process 58

Miletus, Turkey 26

MIS-X 405n

Mississippi River 304n

‘Mistaken Strait, The’ (later Hudson Strait) 139

Mitchell, Edgar 86

Mitchell, Thor 431, 432

Mitock & Sons 320

Moll, Herman 353

Moluccas 150

Mongolia, Carpini visits 91

Monopoly (game) 403–5

Monroe, Marilyn 320, 322

Mont Blanc 301, 302

Moon 85–86, 170, 394, 428

Moon Mountains 207

Moore, Isaac W. 162

Moore, Sir Patrick 385–8, 386, 393

Morden, Robert 170, 171

More, Sir Thomas 247

Morecroft, George 201

Morgan, William 174, 175

Morocco 138, 310

Morrell, Captain Benjamin 220–22, 221, 262

Moscouia 137

Mosley, James 342

Mount, Elizabeth 340

Mount Desert Island, off Maine 356

Mount Etna, Sicily 60

Mount Everest 156, 190–91, 192–3, 193

Mount Hopeless, Australia 239

Mount Syna 298

Mount Terror 259

Mountains of Kong 204–9, 206, 220

movie stars’ homes 320–23, 321

Muckle Flugga 250

Mudge, Major-General William 201

Muirhead, James and Findlay 304

MultiMap 428

Munich crisis (1938) 347

Munster, Treaty of (1648) 161

Muppets, The 313, 316

Murchison, Sir Roderick 267

murder map, a nineteenth-century 200–203, 202

Murray, John 299–300, 302

Murray guidebooks 298–304, 301, 308, 310

Myst 406

Nabokov, Vladimir 246, 247

Napoleon Bonaparte 178, 354

Napoleonic Wars 231, 300

Narrow Island 265

NASA 393n

Atlas of Mars 392

National Maritime

Museum, Greenwich 328, 342

Navicom guidance gadget (Toyota) 379

NAVSTAR project 378

Navteq 380n, 430, 435, 442

Nazis 101, 102, 303, 316, 320, 405n

Nelson, Admiral Lord Horatio 182, 374

Neo-bond 53

neocortex 413

Netherlands

Dutch dominance of digital mapping world 379–80

Dutch Republic established 161

growth of Dutch empire 353

part of the Spanish Empire 160

pilot charts in Dutch shipping 147

Neverland, Colgate-Disney map of 311, 312

New Albion 138

New Amsterdam (later New York City) 148

New England 362

New Holland 263

New Orleans 304n

New Simplified Map of London 439, 439

New South Greenland 221, 222, 262–3

New South Wales 234, 263

New Times Atlas, The 154

New World

and Contarini 111

and de la Cosa’s map 110

earliest known depiction on a globe 74

Gastaldi’s mapping 84

Gutierrez’s map (1562) 121–22

John Cabot makes landfall 83

in Theatrum Orbis Terrarum 144

and Vespucci 116

and the Vinland Map 87, 99

New York City 231

New York Public Library 22, 74

New York Subway map 442

New York Times 72, 239, 254

New Yorker 356, 438

New Zealand 261, 271

New Zealand Maritime

Department 248

Nicaraguan invasion of Costa Rica 431

Niger River 205, 207, 208, 209

Nightingale, Florence 224

Nile River

Al-Idrisi’s mapping of the Nile 65

Hereford Mappa Mundi 47, 49

in Herodotus’s accounts 25

Stanley’s expedition 65

Noah’s Ark 46, 69

Nokia 380n, 432, 435

Norden, John 167–8, 168, 171

North Africa: Al-Idrisi’s map 64

North America

English plantations in 170

Mercator’s map 130

and the Silver Map 138

Vinland Map 87, 90

Waldseemüller map 113

North Pole 344

Mercator’s Atlas on 141

Northeastern University, Boston 357

Northern Ocean 28

Northwest Passage 83, 122, 124, 139, 234, 267

Norway

and Antarctica 271

Nova Albion 137, 138

Nuremberg 41, 336, 337

Oates, Lawrence 270

octopuses 163–65, 164

Odessa 305

Ogilby, John 120, 172–77, 173, 179–80, 179, 183, 211, 298, 353

Britannia project 172, 176–77, 179–80, 179

Ogilby’s English Atlas 172

Ojeda, Alonso de 116, 118

O’Keefe, Dennis 322

Oliver, Richard 195

Omar, Caliph 38–9

O’Neal, Ryan 323

OpenStreetMap 134, 199, 383, 442

Ordnance Survey 157, 175, 201, 235, 325

abbreviations 196–97

and Charles Booth 276

commissioned by Duke of Richmond 187

debt to Carte de France 184, 186

invented by General Roy 182, 187

first part to be measured 187

GPS 186, 197, 199, 377

importance of project 182–83

Irish survey 188–90, 192

Landranger (‘Pink’) series 195, 198

map-reading classes 197–8, 199

National Grid Series (Explorer or ‘Orange’ series) 195, 198

Red Book (1963) 196

regulations 195–6

symbols 194, 198, 198, 199

triangulation 186

Oregon 121

Ortelius, Abraham 137, 146, 150, 261, 353, 425

Ortelius, Abraham,

Bellwood’s theft 363

Theatrum Orbis

Terrarum 143–4, 144

orthographic projection 13, 127

Osbourne, Lloyd 243–5

Osbourne family (Ozzy

and Sharon) 323

Osgood, Carlton 353

Oval projection 127

Oxford Advanced Atlas 209

Oxford University 363

Pacific Ocean

and Drake’s Passage 138–9

and globes 342, 343

imaginary islands 220

and Terra Australis 261

and Waldseemüller map 113

Page, Larry 429

Paine, Ralph D. 242, 252

Painter, George D. 95, 98–101

Palmer, Nathaniel 264, 265

Palmer’s Land 265

papyrus 22–3, 37–8

Paradise 43, 57, 69, 76n

Paria Peninsula, Venezuela 107, 116

Paris, France 61, 339

Paris, Matthew 58, 437

Book of Additions 62

Chronica Majora 58, 59, 60–62, 61

Paris Geographical Society 209

Paris Observatory 186

Park, Mungo 210, 214

Parker Brothers 402, 403

Pausanias 297

PDP-1 405, 406

‘pea-light’ 189

Pease, Barbara and Allan 366–7, 369, 371

Peeping Tom of Coventry (musical farce) 190

Pei Lin Museum, Xi’an, China 81

Pekul, Darlene 408

Peloponnese, Strabo on 33

Penn, William 171

Pepys, Samuel 168

Pergamum, library of 32, 34n

periplus documents 297

Perry, Grayson 440–1, 441

Perry, Melvin 363

Persian empire 24, 28

Peru 138, 308, 310

Peters, Arno 131, 132, 133

Peutinger Table 39, 40

Pharos lighthouse, Alexandria 24, 66

Philip II, King of Spain 353

Philips 153, 380n

Phillips, Professor John 267

Phobos 391

phone apps 12, 17, 19, 373, 375, 394

photometers 189

phrenology 418–20, 419

pilot charts 147

Piltdown Man 52

Pim, Commander Richard 348–9, 349

Planetary System Nomenclature 86

Plantin, Christopher 144

Play of Geography, The (board game) 401

Pliny the Elder 46

Pluto 387

polar exploration 152, 235

Polo, Marco 74, 76, 78, 81, 83, 337, 425

Book of Travels 78–79, 105

Polo, Matteo 78

Polo, Niccolò 78

Ponting, Herbert 314n

Porter, Philip 208

portolan sea charts 110, 111

Portugal: imperialism in Africa 216

Postel, Guillaume 134

Potamus, Hippo 163

Potter, Jonathan 358

prime meridian 39, 391

Prince of Persia 406

Princess Elizabeth Island 268

Proctor, Richard 391

Psalter Map 67, 74

Pseudocordiform

projection 127

Psion 380, 381

Ptolemy, Claudius 82, 84, 104, 113, 115, 119, 141–2, 148, 150, 211, 260, 409

Arab scholars draw on his work 63

classical grid system 127, 130

rules of cartography 12

‘superior’ projection 127

worked at the Great Library of Alexandria 22

world’s first modern cartographer 35

Almagest 35

Geographia 34–5, 36, 37, 39, 41, 103–4, 105, 111, 119, 130

Ptolemy XIV 32

Public Carriage Office 412

Public Health Act (1848) 224

Public Health Amendment Act (1890) 278

Pythagoras 25

Queen Alexandra Range 268

Queen Mary Land 268

railways

maps 228, 301

spread of 299, 301

Raines, Claude 321

Ramsden, Jesse 186–7

Ramusio, Giovanni 79

Rand McNally 133, 334, 376

Ransome, Arthur 246

Rasmussen, Jens 425

Rasmussen, Lars 425

Ratoff, Gregory 322

Rauch, Nicolas 90

Ravenna, Italy 66

Reade, William Winwood 214, 215

Red Cross 404

Red Sea

in the Beatus Map 67

in Psalter Map 67

Redouté, Pierre-Joseph 353–4

Reese, William 101, 358–60, 361–2

Reeves, Elwood 402

Reinecke, Johann 207

Renaissance 41, 104, 126

Rennell, James 204–7, 209

Revelation of St John 66

Rhineland (Baedeker) 303

Rhodes: on Eratosthenes’s map 27, 29

rhumb lines 110, 111, 127

Richard of Battle (Richard de Bello) 54

Richard of Chichester, St 67

Richard of Haldingham and Lafford 54

Richard the Lionheart 70

Richmond, Duke of 187

Ringmann, Matthias 113

Risk! (game) 402–3, 403

Ristow, Walter W. 248

Robinson, Arthur 133

Rodgers, Will 323

Roger II, King of Sicily 64

role-playing games 406–8

Roman Empire 33, 39, 40, 46, 143

Roman roads 62, 298

Rome 61, 78, 92, 143

Roosevelt, Franklin D. 328, 328, 329, 332, 349

Rose, Frederick Walrond 163, 164

Ross, Sir James Clark 222, 266–7, 268, 271, 272

Ross, Sir John 267

Ross Ice Shelf 264n, 268, 272

Ross Sea 268

Rostok (Russian frigate) 264

Rough Guides 309–10, 309

Rowling, J. K. 319–20

Rowntree, Joseph 275

Roy, General William 182, 184, 186–7, 189, 192

Royal Company Island 262–3

Royal Geographical Society 133, 199, 205, 221, 222

Royal Library, Copenhagen 363

Royal Military Academy, Woolwich 189

Royal Navy 264, 265

Royal Society 179, 186, 187, 189, 263

Royal Society of Victoria 234, 235

Royal Statistical Society 275

Royds, Charles 258

Russia

and GPS 378n

in Theatrum Orbis Terrarum 143 see also USSR

Russland (Baedeker) 305

St Albans abbey 58

St Bride’s church 180

St Dié, France 113

St Mark’s Square, Venice 75, 85

St Paul’s Cathedral, London 60, 174, 176

Sanson, Nicolas 123

Santa Barbara, California 367, 368, 369

Santa Monica pier 322

Sartorius Island 265

satellite navigation 19, 85, 318, 327, 330–31, 427 see also GPS

Saturday Night Live 322

Saxton, Christopher 183

Sayer, Robert 183

Sayers, Dorothy L. 74

Scacchi, Greta 239

Scher, Paula 440

Schiaparelli, Giovanni 389, 390, 391

Schnitzer, Johannes 36

Schwartz, Seymour 118

sciapod 48, 48, 337

Scoresby, Captain William, Jnr 250–51

Scotland

the Blaeu Atlas Maior on 148

Jacobite Uprising (1745) 183–4

Matthew Paris’s strip map 62

Roy’s survey (1747–55) 184

Strabo’s comments 33

and the Treasure Island map 250

Vinland Map 92

Scott, Captain Robert

Falcon 255, 256, 258, 259, 263, 270, 271, 272, 314n

Scott microprobe 393n

Scull, Anthony John 363

Scylla 48

Scythia 27, 28

Sea of George the Fourth 266

Sea of Tranquillity, Moon 86

Seaman, Valentine 230, 231

Seaver, Kirsten 101

Second Boer War (1899–1902) 254

Second Life 407

Second World War 180, 303, 306, 307, 347

Selkirk, Alexander 222

Seller, John 170

Selsey, Sussex 385

Senex, John 170, 353

Serio-Comic War Map for the Year 1877 163–4, 164

Seven Wonders of the World 24

sextants 182, 383

Seymour, Robert 225

Shackleton, Ernest Henry 222, 255, 256, 265, 271, 425

Shepard, Alan 86

Shonibare, Yinka 346

Sicily

Paris’s strip map 60

Strabo on 33

Sikdar, Radhanath 193, 193

Silicon Graphics 429

Silver Map of Drake’s Voyage 135–9, 136

Simon, Sir John 224, 232

Simpsons, The 322

Sims, The 406

Singh, Nain 193

Sinus Sabaeus, Mars 391

Skelton, R. A. 95, 97, 98–9, 186–7

Skelton, Reginald W. 258

Sky at Night, The 385, 386

Skyrim 395–97, 396, 398, 406, 407, 409

Smiley, Edward Forbes, III 360–62, 361, 364

Smith, Captain John 362

Smith, William 264

Smithsonian Institution, Washington DC 100

Snakes on a Plane (film) 316

Snow, Dr John 223–6, 224, 227, 228–33

Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge 193n

Soho, London 223, 226, 227, 229

Solinus 46

Sorkin, Aaron 132

Sotheby’s, London 42, 44, 45, 143

Sotheby’s, New York 365

Sotheby’s (realty) 323

South America

Columbus lands in 107, 117, 118

and Forlani 143

Mercator’s map 132

as part of Gondwana 260

Cabot’s explorations 83

and the Silver Map 138, 139

as Terra Incognita/Nova/Papagalli 119

and Vespucci 117

Waldseemüller map 113, 114

South Pole 181, 261, 270, 272, 273, 314n, 344

South Pole Traverse 272

South Shetland Islands 264

Southern Ocean 264

Space Invaders 406

Spanish Empire 160

Spanish Netherlands 161

speed cameras 382

Speed, John 172, 183, 353, 363

Speke, John 210

Spencer’s Strait 265

Spielberg, Steven 315–16

Spilsbury, John 401, 401

stadion (pl. stades) (unit of measurement) 29, 33

Stalin, Joseph 329, 349

Standard Oil 351

Stanfords map and travel store, Covent Garden, London 153, 170, 304, 343, 441

Stanley, Henry Morton 65, 204, 210, 214, 216, 218, 425

Stanleyville (now Kisangani, DRC) 217

Starke, Mariana 299

StarLine tours 322–3

Steinberg, Saul: Manhattanite’s view of the world 438, 438

Stench Point 268

Stent, Peter 168

stereographic projection 127

Stevenson, David 250

Stevenson, Robert Louis 240, 243–6, 244, 249–50, 253, 269

Stevenson, Robert, Snr 250, 251

Stewart, James 321

Strabo 46, 376

Geographica 32–34

Straits of Magellan 138

Strangers on a Train (film) 316

Stringer, Peter 367

strip maps

of John Ogilby 177, 179–80, 179, 183, 298

of Matthew Paris 58, 59, 60–62, 61

stroke patients 421

Sturt, Charles 235

Suleiman the Magnificent 353

Sumeru mountain 65

Sun Microsystems 431

sundials 29

Super Mario 406

surveyors 50, 173, 174, 177, 182, 190–91, 192, 194, 195, 201, 238, 280

Swain’s Island 262–3

Swan, Robert 272

Swift, Jonathan 211

Swinfield, Richard 54

Sydney 234, 235

Syene (now Aswan, Egypt) 29

symbols

lack of standardisation 183

Ordnance Survey 194, 198, 198, 199

Syria, killings in (2012) 442

Syrtis Major, Mars 390

T-O (‘T within an O’) maps 49, 49

Tables géographiques reduites en un jeu de cartes, Les 400–401

Taino tribe 107

Taylor Glacier 273

tectonic plates 193, 260

Tehran Conference 349

Tele Atlas 380n, 383–4, 430, 434, 442

telescopes 182, 184, 385, 387, 388, 388, 390

Temixtitan 120

temporal lobe 421

Terkla, Dan 54

Terra Australis 137, 261, 263

Terra Incognita 72–3, 119

Terra Nova expedition (1910) 259, 269

Terra S Crucis (Land of the Holy Cross) 112

terrestrial magnetism 266

Terror (ship) 267

Thames River 67, 167, 168, 176, 225, 232

Thatcher, Margaret 51

theodolites 182, 184, 186, 192

Theroux, Paul 270–71

Third Crusade 70

Third Reich 418n

Thomas Cook bureaux 310

Thompson, Dugald (‘Ken Thomas’) 325, 326

Thompson, Jack 239

Thompson, Commander ‘Tommy’ 348

Thornton, Abraham 200–203

Thule island 28

Thury, César-François Cassini de 131

Tierra del Fuego 137, 138, 261, 262

Tiller, Canon John 45

‘time-dependent’ process 420

Times, The 45, 152, 254

Times Atlas, The 152–4, 153, 221

Tisdale, Elkanah 166

Tissot Indicatrix of Distortion 134

Titanic (film) 316

Tolkien, J. R. R. 247, 406

maps 243, 247

TomTom 318, 375–6, 380, 383, 434

Tooker, Arthur 170

Tooley, R. V. 37, 354

Top Trumps 400

Toscanelli, Paolo dal Pozzo 105–6

Tower of Babel 46

Tower of London 186

tractography 421

Transport for London 19

Transylvania 143

Trapezoidal projection 127

treasure maps 240–54

archive at Library of Congress 248

Dublin map in Ulysses 246–7

Knight’s Trinidad 240–42

Paine’s survey 242–3

Tolkien’s maps 243, 247

Treasure Island 243–6, 244

trees, mapping 430

triangulation 18, 186, 187, 187, 192, 193, 390

trilateration, advanced 374

Trinidad, south Atlantic 240–41, 242, 246, 251–4, 252, 255–6, 258, 267, 269

TripAdvisor 310

Tropics, and projections 127

Tunnels of Doom 409

Twitter Trendsmap 436–7

Ui-te-Rangiora 260

Ultima 409

United Nations (UN) 442

Security Council 343

United States

American Eagle 162–3, 162

and Antarctica 271, 272, 378n

and GPS 378n

Lottery Octopus 165

post-war re-invention of tourism 307 see also America

United States Geological Survey 392

Universal Penny Post 203

University College London (UCL) 411, 413, 417

University of California 367

University of Exeter 432

University of Kansas 367

University of Zaragoza 416n

urban planning 26

US Department of Defense 378

US Geological Survey 273

US Navy Transit system 379

USSR (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics) perceived menace of 133 see also Russia

Utrilla, Pilar 416n

V2 rockets 374

Valentino, Rudolf 321

Van de Krogt, Peter 149

Van den Keere, Pieter 168, 168

Venice 41, 48, 70, 75–76, 83–85, 84, 105, 143

Vespucci, Amerigo (Americus Vesputius) 112, 115–20, 115, 118, 425, 430

Vetter, Christoph 437

Victoria, Queen 223

Victoria Land 267, 272, 273

Victorian postcards 438

video games 395–400, 396, 399, 405–6, 408–9

Vietor, Alexander Orr 99, 354

Viking craft 392

Vikings, and the Vinland Map 87, 90, 91

Vincent de Beauvais:

Speculum Historiale 96, 97, 98

Vinland (Wineland) 88, 90, 91, 93

Vinland Map 87, 88, 90–102, 93, 97, 358

in the Beinecke Library 99, 102

described 92–3

examined by experts 94–5, 98–101

Ferrajoli’s involvement 90–91, 94, 95, 97

inscription on the back of the map 94

Paul Mellon buys 98

possible forgery 101–2, 119n

questions concerning 87, 90

significance 91

Witten buys 94

Witten’s belief in its authenticity 91–92

Witten’s find 87

worm holes 93, 94, 96, 97

Virginia Springs 304n

Virtual Earth 435

Visscher, Claes Janszoon 161, 353

Vizcaino, Sebastian 124

Volgograd, Russia 78

Voronoi diagram 228

Waddington & Co 403, 404, 405n

Waldseemüller, Martin 113, 116, 141–42, 146

Waldseemüller map 104, 112–15, 115, 116, 117, 118, 119

Warden, Peter 432

Wasp (a schooner) 221

Watson, Lieutenant-Colonel David 184

Waugh, Colonel Andrew 193

Weber Costello 334

Weddell, James 265, 266

Weddell Sea 265, 266

Weismuller, Johnny 320

Wells, H. G. 389

Wendover, Roger 60

Wentworth, William 234–5

West Africa

Behaim’s Erdapfel globe 338

De Mosto’s inroads 83

West Wing, The 132

Westminster Abbey 209

Westrem, Scott D. 55

Wheeler, Sara 273

Where 2.0 conference 432, 435

White Nile 205, 207

Whitehead, Henry 229, 230, 232

Whitfield, Peter 67

WikiMapia 442

Wikipedia 122

Wilberforce, William 205

Wilhelm I, Kaiser 163

Williams, Kit 324–6, 325

Wills, William John 235–9, 236, 238

Wilson, Edward A. 255–6, 258–9, 270

Wilson, James 340

Winkel Triple Projection 134

Witten, Cora 94, 98

Witten, Laurence 87, 90–100, 97

Woad, Geoff 316

Wolfegg Castle, Baden-Württemberg, Germany 102, 119n

women, and map-reading 366–71

woodblocks/woodcuts 84, 84, 85, 103, 105, 112, 142, 261

Woolwich ‘Dust Hole’, London 277

Wren, Sir Christopher 176, 180

Wright, Edward 131

Xi’an, China 81

Yahoo Maps 435

Yale University 100, 354, 358, 359, 360, 362

Yale University Library 96, 98, 99

Yale University Press 99, 101

Yandruwandha tribe 238

yellow fever 231

Young Folks magazine 245

Yucatan, Mexico 120

Zaragoza Cathedral 98

Zeno, Antonio 101n

Zeno, Nicolo 101n

Ziegler, Robert 376, 377

Zipangu (Japan) 111

Zork! 408

Zuckerberg, Mark 16–17