Contents
1.1Aims and purpose of this handbook
2. The history of beavers in Britain
2.1Beaver reintroduction in Britain
3.9North American beaver introductions
5.1Beavers as ecosystem engineers
5.2Beavers and species of high conservation value
5.3Beaver effects at a catchment scale
5.4Beavers in landscape-restoration projects
5.5Beavers and managed land use
5.5.6Recreational areas and water bodies
6.1Damming activity and associated management techniques
6.1.5Animal-welfare considerations
6.2Burrowing and associated activities
6.2.5Animal-welfare considerations
6.3Foraging activity and associated management techniques
6.3.5Animal-welfare considerations
6.4.5Animal-welfare considerations
7.1Non-invasive monitoring techniques
7.2Habitat suitability/habitat-use survey
7.3Monitoring beaver population size and development
7.4Distribution mapping and population estimates
7.5Habitat assessment prior to beaver release
8. Learning to live with beavers
8.1Future management recommendations
8.2Public relations, education and socioeconomics
Appendix A: Eurasian beaver field signs
A.3Ring-barking/ bark stripping
A.4Grazed lawns and cut vascular plants
Appendix B: Diseases and parasites of the Eurasian beaver
Appendix C: Beaver-management techniques
C.2Flow devices – culvert protection
C.5Bank and flood-bank wall protection
C.8Permanent exclusion fencing
C.9Deterrent fencing – ditches and small streams
C.10Trapping and translocation
Appendix D: Management protocol chart
Appendix E: Captive beaver fencing recommendations
Appendix F: Terminology for various beaver-management devices
Appendix G: Beaver fieldwork risk assessment
Appendix H: Beaver survey data sheets from the Scottish Beaver Trial