Page numbers refer to the print edition but are hyperlinked to the appropriate location in the e-book.
bold denotes photo
Abyssinia, attack on, 271, 273
ACLU (American Civil Liberties Union), 115, 150
“Adventures in Misunderstanding” (Walrond), 46, 83–84, 205
“The Adventures of Kit Skyhead and Mistah Beauty” (Walrond), 135, 138–140, 147
aesthetics, Walrond’s concern with, 60
African American vernacular, 73, 121, 284
African Progress Union, 268
Afro-Caribbean culture, 7, 26–27
American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU), 115, 150
American Historical Association, 190
American Hospital (Paris), 258
The American Mercury, 306
An American Tragedy (Dreiser), 183, 224
Amsterdam News, 6, 233, 258, 271, 289, 294, 295, 298, 299, 300
Anglo-American travel, 107
Anglo-American writing, 28, 158
Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Sciences, 85
The Anthology of American Negro Literature (Calverton), 223
art and politics, Walrond’s struggle to reconcile conflicting demands of, 60, 63, 67, 280
art and propaganda, 63, 108
“Art and Propaganda” (Walrond), 60
artists: Caribbean Artists Movement (CAM), 7, 232, 347; technique and sensibility of as Walrond’s chief concerns, 71; tributes to black artists, 63
Ashwood, Amy, 34, 55, 78, 208, 264, 269, 271, 273, 279, 346, 350; See also Garvey, Amy Ashwood
Aspinwall, William Henry, 27
The Atlantic Monthly, 289, 297
“Autocracy in the Virgin Islands” (Walrond), 91
awards received by Walrond: first prize in Negro World literary competition, 56; Guggenheim Fellowship. See Guggenheim Fellowship. Harmon Foundation Award, 156, 210, 213, 214, 215; honorable mention in shorthand contest, 43; Opportunity magazine, 4, 148, 149
Baldwin, Ruth Standish, 150
Bal Nègre (Bal Colonial), 235, 237
Baltimore Afro-American, 263, 269
Banana Bottom (McKay), 158
Barbados: literary community in, 230; Walrond family residence in, 11, 18
Bedford-Stuyvesant, New York, 41, 94
Bennett, Gwendolyn (Gwennie), 3, 94, 95, 97, 99, 112, 114, 115, 116, 153, 156, 208, 215, 233, 306, 347
“Between Two Mountains” (Walrond), 57
The Big Ditch (Walrond): C. Johnson’s reading of first draft, 211; contract broken on, 243, 255; contract for, 212; as having assurance of historical fact, 217; as history of Panama, 7; hope of being published as faltering, 249; mysterious disappearance of, 243–244; as never appearing, 7; perpetual deferral of, 251; as publicized about in Opportunity, 224; as publicized in Boni & Liveright catalog, 7, 220; as requiring additional research, 216; The Second Battle as only surviving remnant of, 316, 326; as still incomplete, 226, 260; unencumbered rejection of, 259; Walrond prevented from shopping of elsewhere, 255; Walrond’s difficulty with, 231–232
Black and Unknown Bards: A Collection of Negro Poetry (Walrond), 342, 347
black artists, Walrond’s admiration for, 67, 71
“Black Bohemia” (Walrond), 135
“Black Britons on War Front” (Walrond), 296
The Black Jacobins (James), 7
Black Metropolis (Cayton and Drake), 289
blackness, Walrond’s desire to deconstruct category of, 8
Black Odyssey (Ottley), 308
black transnational cultures, 194
black transnational fiction, 186, 187
black transnational history, 244
black transnationalism, 238
“A Black Virgin” (Walrond), 64–65
Black Workers and the New Unions (Cayton), 289
Boni & Liveright, 4, 7, 114, 116, 156, 160, 161, 207, 212, 215, 219, 224, 231, 255
Bontemps, Arna, 3, 114, 200–201, 233, 307, 344, 350, 351, 353
Book of American Negro Spirituals (J. W. Johnson), 209, 210
The Book of American Negro Poetry (J. W. Johnson), 67
Braithwaite, William Stanley, 210, 213
Brentano’s Book Chat, 87, 131
Bright, Sarah (fictional), 178
“Britain Spurs Training of Negroes and Indians” (Walrond), 300
“The Bronx Slave Market” (Jackson and Baker), 202
Bronze (G. D. Johnson), 67
Brown Girl, Brownstones (Marshall), 158
“business imperialism,” 8, 326
“By the River Avon” (Walrond), 305
The California Eagle, 273, 279
CAM (Caribbean Artists Movement), 7, 232, 347
Campbell, Mrs. Rector (fictional), 129–130
“Can the Negro Measure Up?” (Walrond), 284
Capadosia (fictional), 167
“Cardiff Bound” (Walrond), 320, 321
Caribbean: image industry in, 170; special issue of Opportunity devoted to, 191–194, 192; Walrond in, 225–229
Caribbean Artists Movement (CAM), 7, 232, 347
“Caribbean Fact and Fancy” (Malmin), 191
Caribbean “New Negro” writers, 2
The Case for West Indian Self-Government (James), 271
“The Castle D’Or” (Walrond), 66
“Characteristics of Negro Expression” (Hurston), 60, 183
“Charleston, Hey! Hey!” (Walrond), 135
The Cheese and the Worms (Ginzburg), 356
“Chippenham’s Way” (Walrond), 303–305
“A Cholo Romance” (Walrond), 104
Christian Science Monitor, 308
College of the City of New York (City College), 69, 70, 129
“colored man,” use of term, 62
Color Scheme (McKay), 197
colour bar (Great Britain), 6, 264, 266, 271, 276, 279, 294, 296, 300, 303, 305, 357
“The ‘Colour Bar’ in Great Britain” (Walrond), 305
Commonwealth Immigrants Act, 7, 346
“Como de Hizo el Canal de Panama” (Walrond), 239
consciousness, heightening of, 204–207
“The Coolie’s Wedding” (Walrond), 317–318
Countée Cullen Memorial Library, 332
The Crisis, 67, 80, 87, 94, 113, 116, 122, 152, 189, 200, 202, 210, 215, 303, 305
“Criteria of Negro Art” (Du Bois), 60
Cullen, Countée, 3, 43, 50, 67, 81, 99, 100, 109, 110, 110, 111, 112, 114, 115, 116, 127, 133, 134, 143, 145, 150, 153, 189, 195–196, 200, 206, 207, 208, 223, 231, 233, 234, 235, 237, 238, 241, 259, 307, 344, 357
Cumberbatch, Timothy (fictional), 42, 44–45
Cunard, Nancy, 6, 196, 198, 248, 332, 333, 334, 335, 337, 344, 347, 348
“Cynthia Goes to the Prom” (Walrond), 95–96
Dalrimple, Lizzie (fictional), 167
Davis, George (fictional), 326, 329
Davis, Richard Harding, 25
depression, 6, 77, 123–125, 149, 150–153, 178, 213, 231, 257, 307, 311, 324; See also Roundway Psychiatric Hospital
“A Desert Fantasy” (Walrond), 66
Dessalines, Jean-Jacques, 227
“Developed and Undeveloped Negro Literature” (Walrond), 73, 86
Devil’s Dictionary (Bierce), 239
disillusioned greenhorn, as trope, 47
Dominican Republic: occupation of during World War I, 301; Walrond in, 228
downward social mobility, 43, 48
Du Bois, W. E. B., 3, 4, 57, 60, 80, 82, 90, 109, 116, 117, 127, 130, 135, 178, 180, 199, 202, 208, 209, 210, 215, 223, 243, 246, 297–298, 349
“The Ebony Flute” (Bennett), 94
Eclectic Club (Eclectics), 70–71
“Education and Training of Negroes and Indians in Britain” (Walrond), 302
electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), 331
emancipatory social movements, 9
Emptage, April (fictional), 176–177
Encyclopedia Britannica, 223
“The End of Ras Nasibu” (Walrond), 283
English Stage Company, 343
“Enter, the New Negro … Exit the Colored Crooner” (Walrond), 135
“Enter, the New Negro, a Distinctive Type Recently Created by the Coloured Cabaret Belt in New York” (Covarrubias and Walrond), 136–138
“The Failure of the Pan-African Congress” (Walrond), 57
The Fall of the Planter Class in the British Caribbean (Ragatz), 190
Fauset, Jessie, 3, 113, 114, 115, 116, 117, 125–126, 128, 149, 231
finances, 246, 249, 250, 252, 253, 254, 255, 256, 257, 258, 264, 274, 288, 306, 324, 337, 338, 340, 342–343, 356; See also income
Fire in the Flint (White), 114, 148
Fisk Jubilee Singers, 208
Fisk University Social Science Institute, 294, 301
foreign correspondent work, 294–306
France: Paris’s fondness for African Americans, 233; Walrond in, 232–244
Frazier, E. Franklin, 192
“From British Guiana to Roundway” (Walrond), 314
“A Fugitive from Dixie” (Walrond), 283, 284
Fuller, Meta Warwick, 348
Garvey, Marcus, 3, 6, 34, 37, 52, 53–60, 64, 66, 68, 78, 79, 80, 88, 89, 90, 118, 119, 130, 170, 190, 192, 199, 266, 269, 274, 275, 279–280, 282, 283, 287, 288
Garveyism/Garveyites, 33, 40, 55, 57, 63, 65, 80, 81, 84, 87, 89, 91, 119, 130, 283, 284
Gentlemen Prefer Blondes (Loos), 183
“The Gift of the Tropics” (Domingo), 120
God’s Trombones (J. W. Johnson), 211, 213
Great Britain: Walrond family as identifying with, 17; See also England
Gregoire, Abbé Henri, 284
Grimké, Angelina Weld, 214
A Handbook on Story Writing (B. C. Williams), 70
“happy darky,” as trope, 106
“Harlem: Mecca of the New Negro” (Survey), 116
“Harlem Nights” (Walrond), 271
Harlem Renaissance, 2, 5, 73, 85, 109, 118, 133, 135, 143, 148, 207, 350, 358
“Harlem’s Greenwich Village,” 70
“Harlem Shadows” (McKay), 71
Harmonium (Wallace Stevens), 64
Hawthorne, Nathaniel, 174
Hergesheimer, Joseph, 211
heroines, darkness of, 66
Hindus, tensions between Negroes and, 17
History of Negro Revolt (James), 282
Holstein, Casper, 3, 84, 88–89, 89, 100, 129, 149, 153, 191, 193, 208, 209, 217, 352
Home to Harlem (McKay), 131
How Britain Rules Africa (Padmore), 271, 282
Hughes, Langston, 3, 43, 60, 63, 67, 99, 108, 109, 115, 121, 127, 131, 132, 133, 143, 158, 168, 179, 180–181, 183, 184, 187, 189, 200, 207, 210, 223, 231, 233, 271, 274, 307, 333, 344, 353
Hurston, Zora Neale, 43, 60, 63, 68, 69, 70, 108, 109, 120, 122, 143, 149, 158, 168, 182, 183, 184, 204, 223, 271, 274, 357
IASB (International African Service Bureau), 271, 280
ICC (Isthmian Canal Commission): See Isthmian Canal Commission (ICC)
“Imperator Africanus: Marcus Garvey, Menace or Promise?” (Walrond), 130
“Indian Troops Employed for British Dirty Work” (Walrond), 300
Infants of the Spring (Thurman), 206
Institute for the Harmonious Development of Man, 203
intercultural contact, 9, 319
International African Friends of Abyssinia, 271
International African Service Bureau (IASB), 271, 280
The International Interpreter, 87, 91, 92, 111
“Inter-Racial Cooperation in the South” (Walrond), 91
interracial marriage/relationships, 66, 98, 293
“Ireland Sets Up Its Right to be Neutral” (Walrond), 295, 296–297
Isthmian Canal Commission (ICC), 23, 26, 30, 31, 34–36, 55, 107, 175, 176, 226, 319, 320
Isthmian Historical Society, 175
“Italy Leaves Trail of Terror in Ethiopia” (Walrond), 300
Jackman, Harold, 3, 99, 100, 115, 127, 143, 144, 145, 147, 149, 208, 235, 332, 333, 334, 335, 341, 343, 347, 348
“Jail West Indian Stowaways” (Walrond), 296
James, C. L. R., 6, 7, 158, 230, 266, 269, 271, 279, 282
“Jazz at Home” (Rogers), 120
Jim (fictional in Brine), 51, 52
Jim (fictional in “Success Story”), 51
Johnson, Charles S., 3, 85, 87, 108, 109, 112, 113, 113, 114–115, 116, 117, 153, 189–190, 191, 198, 209, 210, 211, 212, 213, 288, 289, 297, 301, 302, 307, 324
Johnson, James Weldon, 43, 54, 61, 67, 68, 82, 115, 116, 143, 209, 211, 213, 227
Johnson-Reed Immigration Act, 118, 119
Jones, Eugene Kinckle, 192, 210
journalism, as bridge to fiction writing, 85
Journal of Higher Education, 307
Krigwa Players awards, 208
La Depeche africaine, 238
language, Walrond’s alertness to standard and nonstandard use of, 60
La Revue de monde noir, 238
League of Coloured Peoples (LCP), 269, 271, 283
Les Nouvelles Littéraires, 239
Liberia: Land of Promise (Ashwood Garvey), 350
literary contests: The Crisis, 116; Harmon Foundation Award. See Harmon Foundation Award. Negro World, 56, 59; Opportunity magazine, 148, 149, 153, 189, 197, 199, 208; Prix Goncourt, 60, 73; Truth, 69; Witter Bynner undergraduate poetry prize, 110
Liveright, Horace, 114, 116, 148, 156, 211, 224, 243, 250, 252, 255, 257, 259, 261, 324, 342, 351
Liveright Publishers, 1, 350
Locke, Alain, 3, 4, 43, 67, 77, 85, 87, 90, 109, 110, 112, 113, 114, 116, 117, 120, 123–126, 127, 133, 134, 135, 148, 152, 153, 196, 197, 199, 206, 207, 210, 211, 213, 214, 238
L’Ouverture, Toussaint, 227
“A Lunatic or a Traitor” (Du Bois), 80
“Marcus Garvey—A Defense” (Walrond), 79
Marx, Erica, 334–335, 336, 337, 339, 340, 341, 342, 343, 348
Mason, Charlotte Osgood, 209
McKay, Claude, 54, 57, 63, 67, 70–71, 118, 120, 131, 133, 154, 182, 191, 193, 196–199, 238, 239, 240, 322
“The Mirrors of Harlem” (Walrond), 127, 152
“Miss Kenny’s Marriage” (Walrond), 101–102
modernism/modernist, 4, 31, 118, 158, 162, 179, 183, 208, 233, 238, 309
Moe, Henry Allen, 216, 219, 225, 227, 257, 259, 289, 298, 299, 315, 349
My Trip Through the Panama Canal (U.S. Canal Administration), 164
“My Version of It” (Walrond), 97–98
NAACP (National Association for the Advancement of Colored People), 53, 57, 68, 80, 115, 347
Nance, Ethel Ray, 2, 87, 99, 100, 116, 128, 145, 232, 261, 288, 289, 297, 356
National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), 53, 57, 68, 80, 115, 347
National Urban League, 3, 63, 67, 109, 112, 128, 150, 153, 191, 208, 210
natural vs. supernatural, 103
“Negro Art Hokum” (Schuyler), 60
“The Negro Artist and the Racial Mountain” (Hughes), 60, 131, 132
“The Negro Before the World” (Walrond), 280, 281–282
“The Negro Digs Up His Past” (Schomburg), 120
Negroes: deconstruction of category of, 33; tensions between Hindus and, 17
The Negro Genius (Brawley), 284
Negro History Bulletin, 307
The Negro in Contemporary American Literature, 223
“The Negro in London” (Walrond), 275–277
“The Negro in the Armies of Europe” (Walrond), 283
“The Negro Literati” (Walrond), 131, 148, 205
Negro Progress Convention, 230
“The Negro Renaissance” (Walrond), 239, 240
Negro Welfare League, 265
Negro World, 3, 55, 56, 58, 60, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 70, 71, 78, 79, 80, 87, 88, 92, 103, 156
Newbold, Mr. (fictional), 105
The New Masses (Walrond), 198
new negro, as trope, 91, 366n14
“new negro,” use of term, 90
“The New Negro Faces America” (Walrond), 81, 90
New Negro movement, 3, 60, 70, 85, 90, 100, 128, 129, 130–131, 135, 214, 266, 274, 277, 356
The New Negro, 4, 85, 94, 109, 116, 118, 120, 131, 148, 165, 199, 210, 238
The New Republic, 3, 43, 86, 87, 126, 148, 178, 179, 196, 218
The New York Herald Tribune, 87, 179, 183
New York Public Library, 68
Notebook of a Return to My Native Land (Cesaire), 282
Notting Hill Carnival, 346, 348
Nous Quatre à Paris (Hayden), 235, 236
O. Henry Memorial Award Prize Stories (B. C. Williams, ed.), 70
“On Being Black” (Walrond), 43, 49, 86
Opportunity magazine, 2, 3, 4, 8, 48, 67, 80, 85, 87, 94, 100, 101, 102, 103, 108–122, 148, 149, 153, 156, 184, 189–194, 197, 199, 208, 209, 210, 212–213, 215
Ovington, Mary White, 180
Padmore, George, 6, 265, 269, 271, 275, 279, 280, 282, 298, 349
Pan-African Congress, 307
Panama: role of in US mythology, 164; Walrond depiction of, 107; Walrond family move to, 24; Walrond in, 5, 225–226; Walrond manuscript on history of, 6, 7; Walrond visit to, 215–216
Panama Canal, laborers, 22
Panamanians, relationship of with West Indians, 38–40
“The Panama Scandal” (Walrond), 239
The Panama Workman (Workman), 40
Parascandola, Louis, 2, 300
Paris: fondness of for African Americans, 233; Walrond in, 233–244
The Penitent (Underwood), 86
“A Piece of Hard Tack” (Walrond), 317
The Plantation Revue, 71–72
“A Poet for the Negro Race” (Walrond), 196
poetry, Walrond as feeling pull of, 67
“Poet’s Evening: A Real Library Treat,” 97
Portuzal, Antoine (fictional), 326, 329
postcolonial literature, 7
Poveda, Juan (fictional), 267
prejudice: among white editors, 46; Walrond as struck by, 47
Prout, Benjamin Joseph, 13
Prout, Jim (fictional), 41, 43
Provincetown Playhouse, 208
Quartermaster’s Department (QMD), 34
race, Walrond’s skepticism toward monolithic notions of, 8
“Racial Bar Persists in England’s R.A.F.” (Walrond), 296
racism: Walrond’s early writing about, 49; Walrond’s struggle with, 47
Ramsey, Elias (fictional), 101
Randolph, A. Philip, 57, 80, 90
repressed rejoinder, as trope, 49
Research Center in Black Culture (New York Public Library), 68
Robeson, Paul, 115, 143, 148, 200, 201, 208, 241, 244, 271, 272, 279, 280
“Romance of a Reporter” (Walrond), 129
Roosevelt, Theodore, 8, 29, 327
Rosenwald Fellowship, 289
Ruimveldt (estate), 15, 17
Rum, Coggins (fictional), 171, 176
same-sex relationships, 133
Santiago (fictional), 103, 104
Saturday Evening Post, 58
Saturday Review of Literature, 87
Schuyler, George, 60, 204
“A Seat for Ned” (Walrond), 320, 321
segregation, Walrond as struck by, 47
“A Senator’s Memoirs” (Walrond), 59–60
sentimental prose poems, 63, 64
“The Servant Girl” (Walrond), 317
“Shooting an Elephant” (Orwell), 285
Shuffle Along (musical), 63, 71
Silver Man/Silver Men/Silver People/Silver workers, 33, 34, 55, 319, 320
“Slowness of Western Front Offensive Palls” (Walrond), 295
Smith, Ada (“Bricktop”), 233
Smith, Willie (“the Lion”), 208
“Soapbox in Washington” (Walrond), 300
“Somewhere in England” (Walrond), 295
South America, Walrond’s parents in, 12
spiritual children, 125, 368n68
Spring and All (Williams), 64
SS Empire Windrush, 5, 6, 307
Stenographer’s Association, 43
Stephens, Michelle, 94, 167
“The Stolen Necklace” (Walrond), 103
“The Stone Rebounds” (Walrond), 101
“A Story in Harlem Slang” (Hurston), 183
“Stranger in the Village” (Baldwin), 292
Strut Miss Lizzie (song), 71
St. Stephen’s School for Boys, 5, 24
Sunday Times (London), 344
“Sur Les Chantiers du Panama” (Walrond), 241
Technique of the Novel course, 51
tension, of anger/disbelief and adaptation, 47
“The Men of the Cibao” (Walrond), 301
Things Fall Apart (Achebe), 159
Thompson, Eloise Bibb, 115
Thoreau, Henry David, 185, 186
Thurman, Wallace, 63, 133, 182, 200, 204, 206, 214, 231, 260, 263
Tiger Lilly (Walrond), 125
Toomer, Jean, 4, 67, 113, 115, 120, 121, 145, 147, 148, 158, 180, 184, 189, 203, 204, 205, 206, 207, 239, 333, 351, 357
“Tories Act to Hurt Britain” (Walrond), 295
transnational black writing, 2, 357
tropes: death, 174–178; disillusioned greenhorn, 47; gothic, 65; “happy darky,” 106; new negro, 91, 366n14; repressed rejoinder, 49; tropicality, 27, 174
tropicality, as trope, 27, 174
tropicalization campaign, 170, 171
Tropic Death (Walrond): as absent an overt message, 181; advertisement for, 183; as alternate Caribbean truth, 156; anticolonial statements in, 161; as articulating counter-narrative, 163; as attempting to disrupt economy of tropicality, 171; authentication of, 138; concern for narrative detail in, 103; as contesting truth telling, 156; dedication of, 100; as distillation of folk essence, 160; distinctions of, 154; editorial changes marked in, 350; as excessive, 158; experimentation with dialects/modes of register, 77; as exploiting fascination with Panama Canal, 164; five Caribbean stories as dress rehearsal for, 102; influence of Barbados on, 18; as injunction to sound, 168, 170; Levinson’s discussion of, 239; linguistic revolution as traced to, 169; meaning of title, 27; morbidity of, 31; as narrative of entry of Caribbean into industrial modernity, 162; as new form of black transnational fiction, 186; opportunity to revise, 183; as product of multiple influences, 187; as proof of assimilative force of U.S., 185; publication of, 4; reception of, 178–187; reissue of, 350–352; on relationship between African Americans and West Indians, 184; relationship of to American race relations, 162; role of sun in, 171–174; sale of, 1; sales of, 207; supernatural in, 129; target audience of as mainly white, 160; as tracing migration and acculturation, 162; translation of, 241; as understood in conflicting ways, 186; Waldron as eager to distance self from explicit ideological agenda in, 326; Walrond as not keeping up promise of, 288
“The Tropics in New York” (McKay), 120
Twelve Million Black Voices (Wright), 309
Underwood, Mr. (fictional), 310, 311
Universal Negro Improvement Association (UNIA), 3, 37, 53–60, 62, 65, 67, 70, 78–80, 81, 87, 89, 90, 103, 170, 194, 266, 274, 275, 283
U.S. Bureau of Investigation, 78
Vanity Fair, 3, 87, 135, 136, 138, 141, 142, 147, 148, 183
Van Vechten, Carl, 3, 43, 128, 134, 135–136, 143–147, 144, 148, 149, 150, 151, 152, 237
vernacular, 36, 73, 106, 121, 122, 136, 142, 155, 184, 284, 355
Villaine, Nestor (fictional), 104
Villard, Oswald Garrison, 115
Virgin Islands Congressional Council, 129
“Visit to Arthur Schomburg’s Library Brings out Wealth of Historical Information” (Walrond), 69
“The Voodoo’s Revenge” (Walrond), 103, 105, 148
“Voodoo Vengeance” (Walrond), 86
Walrond, Annette (sister), 43
Walrond, Carol (brother), 43
Walrond, Claude (brother), 43
Walrond, Dorothy (daughter), 51
Walrond, Edith (wife), 51, 109
Walrond, Eric: acclaim for after Tropic Death, 189–190, 207; adolescence of, 31–32; advance on second book, 4; ambition of, 111–112; ancestors of, 13–14; apartment at 137th Street and Seventh Avenue, Harlem, 50; arrival in Bradford-on-Avon, 291; arrival in Europe, 5; arrival in New York, 5, 11, 41; attraction of black nationalism to, 54; birth of, 2, 14; as catalyst for New Negro movement, 100; childhood of, 13, 15–16, 18–19; children of, 51, 109; chronology, xv–xvii; college education of, 63, 69–70, 129, 214–215; as considering self a failure, 1; death of, 7, 353; departure from Barbados, 17; departure from London, 290; departure from New York, 4, 214; departure from Panama, 40; departure on Guggenheim Fellowship as beginning of his end, 224; desire to affiliate with other people of color, 8; desperate quest for psychological stability, 204; as diaspora intellectual, 72; difficulty in locating, 299–300; education of, 5, 33–34; employment aboard ship, 84; employment as clerk in hospital/health department, 4, 34–35, 43; employment as foreign correspondent, 294–306; employment as publicity manager for negro musical revue, 264, 269; employment as secretary at architectural firm, 43; employment as stenographer, 43; employment at E. Hornsby & Sons, 350; employment at import-export firm, 347; employment at Negro World, 56–57, 63; employment at odd jobs, 348; employment at Opportunity, 153, 209, 212–213; employment at rubber manufacturing plant, 306; employment at Star & Herald, 36; employment at The Black Man, 274–286; employment by UNIA, 54, 55–56, 78, 87; employment in first job, 34; exile of, 196, 224, 250, 255, 311, 349, 356; as expatriate, 8; fall of into poverty, 243; family move to Black Rock, 21; family of as identifying with Great Britain, 17; family residence in Colón, 29; feeling of needing to prove self, 298; fiction writing as passion of, 4; four-year silence of, 300; friendship with Shirley Graham, 244–246, 248–249, 250, 251–257, 259; heart attacks, 350, 353; informal education of, 34; journalism positions, 5, 6; as journalist by training, 3; life of as defined by itinerancy, 11; living in Brooklyn, 4; as living without safety net, 355; marriage of, 51, 63, 84, 109; move to Harlem, 50–51; number of publications, 2; obscurity of, 2; painterly sensibility of, 51, 173, 178; Panama as place most closely identified with, 26; parents of, 5, 9. See also Walrond, Ruth (mother); Walrond, William (father); photos of, 74, 245, 247; portrait of, 123; as quick study and good mimic, 72; as raised in Barbados, 5; relationship with Carl Van Vechten, 135–136, 143, 145–147, 149, 150, 151, 153, 205; residence in New York (144th Street), 209; residing in Bradford-on-Avon, 6; residing in France, 8; residing in London, 7; return to Europe, 260; return to London, 336, 337–353; return to New York, 258; on Riviera, 246; romance with Marvel Jackson, 200–203; romantic relationships of, 133; scholarship at University of Wisconsin, 214–215; siblings of, 12, 14, 24, 43; as struggling with exposition, 52; as taking pains to be civil, 44; transition of from journalism to fiction writing, 81; transition of to mainstream publications, 87–88, 97; trial of, 286–288; turn of to genealogy of rage, 50; withdrawal and brooding of in youth, 39
Walrond, Eunice (sister), 43
Walrond, Jean (daughter), 51, 350
Walrond, Lucille (daughter), 51, 307, 350
Walrond, Ruth (mother), 12, 24, 43
“War News” (Walrond), 297
Washington, Booker T., 90
The Waste Land (Eliot), 64
The Weary Blues (Hughes), 144, 210
The Weekly Review, 55, 56
West African Student Union (WASU), 268
“West Indian Circles” (Star & Herald column), 37
“West Indian Composers and Musicians” (Schomburg), 191
West Indian Federation movement, 7
West Indian identity, 88, 94
The West Indian Novel and its Background (Ramchand), 347
West Indians: challenges faced by in canal labor, 31; challenges faced by in England, 265, 270; hostility toward, 190; pressure on to become African Americans, 75; relationship of with Panamanians, 38–40; Walrond characterization of, 119; Walrond identification as, 81
“West Indians Fight in Burma” (Walrond), 300
West Indian Statesman, 192
Westminster and Pimlico News, 286
“We Wear the Mask” (Dunbar), 76
“White Airmen in England Protest Treatment of Negro Comrades” (Walrond), 300
white editors: prejudice among, 46; role of Walrond for, 190; Walrond as preferred writer for, 73
“White Houses” (McKay), 120
Williams, Blanche Colton, 70
Williams, Cedric (fictional), 206
Williams, William Carlos, 208
Williams, William Emrys, 342
Witter Bynner undergraduate poetry prize, 110
Women’s Auxiliary Air Force, 300
Wonderful Adventures (Seacole), 174
“Writer Says 200,000,000 Negroes Thank John Bull” (Walrond), 273–274
Yates, Ezekiel (fictional), 103