Index

Page numbers in italics indicate a figure.

A

access

content, 22, 26–27

open, 105–111, 114, 118, 120

strategies regarding, 111–119

accessibility

ADA compliance and, 65

old and rare materials and, 54–56

print books and, 52–54

VLDL movement and, 18

acquisitions, 20, 22, 24–25, 130–131

Akscyn, Robert, 19

Albarillo, Franz, 146

Alexa ranking, 33–34

Alexandria, library of, 4

Amato, Giuseppe, 18

Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), 65, 80–81, 92–93, 118

American Library Association (ALA), 95

American Memory project, 20, 47–49, 48, 92, 93

API (application programming interface), 131–132

archives, 54

article processing charges (APC), 107

“As We May Think” (Bush), 6

atlases, 52, 53–54

Authors Guild v. Google, Inc., 78–80

Authors Guild v. HathiTrust, 76, 80–81, 120

B

Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works, 82

Beyond Article 19 (Edwards and Edwards), 146

Bibliothèque Nationale de France, 43, 44

bindery services, 126

Biodiversity Heritage Library, 40

BISAC (Book Industry Standards and Communications) subject headings, 152

Boise State University, 55

Book Rights Registry, 78

Bourg, Chris, 131

Brin, Sergei, 34. See also Google Books

Bush, Vannevar, 6

C

California Digital Library, 37

California State University, Northridge (CSUN), 21, 98, 99, 126, 129, 131, 132

Cambridge University Press v. Becker, 71

cataloging, 19

censorship, 71

Chen, Xiaotian, 101

Children’s Library, 40

Chin, Denny, 79

classification, 19

cloud storage services, 20–21, 59

collection development, 22, 24–25, 57, 87–93, 95–96, 135–136

collection size, 22, 23–24

community element, 9

consortium opportunities, 57–58

content aggregation, 24

content development, 11

content type, 22, 25–26

controlled vocabularies, 61, 152

copyright

avoidance of works under, 93

current law on, 72–77

in digital age, 77

digital materials and, 20, 22

Google Books and, 35–36, 51

history of, 70–72

impact of MDLs on, 78–82

Keio project and, 149–150, 154

open access and, 27

overview of, 24–25, 69–70

See also access; public domain

Copyright Act (1976), 72, 73

Copyright Extension Act (1998), 72, 73

Copyright Review Management System, 90

Copyright Term Extension Act (CTEA), 110

course reserves, 56–57, 71, 130–131

Creative Commons licensing, 75, 117

crosswalking, 28, 61

cultromics, 134

culture, 146–147, 155

D

DAISY (Digital Accessible Information System) format, 39, 92, 93, 118

data mining, 25, 133

data-intensive research, 24–25

Dempsey, Lorcan, 5

Digital Accessible Information System (DAISY) format, 39, 92, 93, 118

digital library (DL)

definitions of, 8–9

development of, 19

development of idea of, 5–8

examples of, 8, 10–11

progress of, 9–11, 10

Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA; 1998), 24, 73, 77, 82

digital rights management (DRM) software, 73, 77, 82

disabilities, patrons with, 65. See also Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)

diversity, 22, 26, 87, 95–102

Dublin Core metadata schema, 28

Duguid, Paul, 140

E

e-books, 11

economy, formal vs. informal, 17

Eldred v. Ashcroft, 110

electronic theses and dissertations (ETDs), 43–44

embargoes, 44, 110–111

Englebart, Douglas, 7

Europeana, 41–43, 42, 51, 74, 81–82, 83, 92, 93, 117, 120

exploratory methods, 62–63

exploratory searching, 62, 63–65

F

fair use, 75–76, 78–81. See also copyright

financial considerations, 87, 88

for-profit organizations, 29–30

Fox, Edward A., 8, 9, 19

G

Gallica, 43–44, 51, 100–101

Gardner, Rita, 108

Gerhardt, Deborah, 74

Glacier, 59

Golan v. Holder, 82

gold open access (OA), 107, 110, 120

Google and the Myth of Universal Knowledge (Jeanneney), 16

Google Books

access and, 111–114, 120

announcement of, 16–17, 33

API (application programming interface), 131–132

classification in, 64

collaboration and, 110

collection development and, 88–89, 90–92, 93

copyright and, 77, 93

critique of, 51, 82, 100

crossover and, 33

data mining and, 133

description of, 34–36

diversity and, 96, 97–99, 101

Europeana and, 82

impact of, 11

Keio University and, 147–156

language representation in, 98

lawsuit against, 78–80, 83

legibility and, 140–142

Life magazine in, 52

links to, 102

metadata and, 61, 97–98, 142–146

multivolume works in, 61

My Library service, 126, 127

Ngram Viewer, 134–137, 134, 136, 137

open access and, 27

partnership program and, 117

pixelation in, 53–54

quality of, 60

screen shots from, 35, 53, 112, 113, 144

search capabilities of, 25

size of, 23

Grateful Dead Collection, 40

green open access, 107–108, 110

gyobi, 152, 153

H

Hahn, Trudi Bellardo, 17

HathiTrust

access and, 114–117

collaboration and, 110

collection development and, 89–90

content of, 51

copyright and, 93

crossover and, 33

description of, 36–38

diversity and, 96–99, 101

Keio University and, 151, 156

language representation in, 97, 98

lawsuit against, 76, 80–81, 83, 92–93, 120

legibility and, 141–142

links to, 102

metadata and, 61

multivolume works in, 61

open access and, 120

preservation and, 29

screen shots from, 37, 115, 116

search capabilities of, 25

size of, 23, 125

Heald, Paul J., 27, 69–70, 79

Hillesund, Terje, 7–8

I

information integrity, 18

information overload, 4–5

information retrieval systems, development of, 8

“inside-out” model, 5

institutional repositories (IRs), 20

integrated library system (ILS), 131–132

interaction, 19–20, 39

interlibrary loan, 56–57

International Children’s Digital Library, 10–11

Internet Archive

access and, 118–119

accessibility and, 120

collection development and, 92, 93

copyright and, 90, 111

crossover and, 33, 36, 51

description of, 40–41

language representation in, 98

preservation and, 29

rare materials and, 127–128

screen shots from, 41, 119

size of, 125–126

J

James, Ryan, 97, 99, 100, 139, 141, 143, 145, 147

Jeanneney, Jean-Noël, 16, 51, 82, 100

K

Keio University, 147–156

Kevles, Barbara, 78

keyword searching, 63–64

Knowledge Unlatched, 109

known-item searching, 64

Kuhn, Thomas, 21–22

L

language representation, 96–99, 97, 98, 100, 101, 102, 109

Lanier, Jaron, 17

lawsuits

Authors Guild v. Google, Inc., 78–80

Authors Guild v. HathiTrust, 76, 80–81, 120

Cambridge University Press v. Becker, 71

lawsuits (cont.)

Eldred v. Ashcroft, 110

Golan v. Holder, 82

legibility, 140–142

libraries, role of, 15–16

Libraries of the Future (Licklider), 6–7

Library of Congress, 20, 37, 43, 47–49, 48, 92, 93

Licklider, J. C. R., 6–7

Life magazine, 52

Live Book Search, 39. See also Microsoft

LOCKSS initiatives, 21, 59

loss of material, 29. See also preservation

M

maps, 52

MARC record, 27, 61

Marchionini, Gary, 9

marginalia, 29, 55–56

mass digitization projects, background for, 20. See also individual projects

massive digital library

characteristics of, 21–29

defining, 15–16

foundations of, 16–21

See also individual MDLs

McEathron, S., 141

McNally Jackson Books’ Public Domain Print-on-Demand service, 127

Melville’s Marginalia, 55, 55

Memex, 6

MERLOT, 75

MetaArchive, 59

metadata, 22, 27–28, 61–62, 64, 97–98, 142–146

Michel, Jean-Baptiste, 133, 134

Microsoft, 17, 28, 38, 39, 59

Million Books Project, 11

mission creep, 88

multiple-text digitization approach, 59

N

National Institutes of Health, 75

National Library of Brazil, 43

National Science Foundation, 75

Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (NDLTD), 46–47, 47

Noring, Jon E., 7–8

Nunberg, Geoffrey, 152

O

OCLC records, 101

old materials, 54–56

online catalog, 8, 131–133

online resources, 5

open access, 20, 75, 105–111, 114, 118, 120

Open Archival Information System (OAIS), 59

Open Archive Initiative’s Protocol for Metadata Harvesting, 28

Open Book Publishers, 109

Open Content Alliance, 29, 33, 38–40, 39, 51, 92, 93. See also Open Library

open content movements, 74–75

open educational resources (OERs), 75

Open Library, 39, 92, 98, 117–118, 118, 120

orphan works, 27, 76–77

Orwant, Jon, 144

“outside-in” model, 5

P

Pacific Rim Digital Library Alliance, 57–58

paradigm shift, 21–22

patron-driven acquisitions, 130–131. See also acquisitions

periodicals, 52–53, 106

physical provenance, 26–27

platinum open access, 109–110, 114, 118

preservation, 20–21, 22, 28–29, 58–59, 127–128

print books, access to, 52–54

print collections

supplementing, 125–128

weeding, 128–131

printing services, 126

print-on-demand services, 126–127

privacy, 91

Project Gutenberg, 7, 40

public domain

collection development and, 92–93

description of, 73–74

Europeana and, 81–82, 117

HathiTrust and, 89–90

language representation in, 96–97, 101

limits to, 70, 70

Open Library, 118

scope of MDLs and, 25, 27

See also copyright

Public Domain Charter, 81–82

Q

quality of assets, 58, 59–61

R

rare materials, 54–56, 127–128, 154

real-world applications, 131–134

Registry of Open Access Repositories, 20

research, 133–134

reserves, 56–57, 71, 130–131

S

Samuelson, Paula, 78

Sato, Yurie, 150

Schmitz, Dawn, 20

social media, 9

software

development of, 8

digital rights management (DRM), 73, 77, 82

special collections, 54

Statute of Anne, 71

Structure of Scientific Revolutions, The (Kuhn), 21–22

study spaces, 56

surveillance, 91

T

taxonomies, 63–64

Texas State Library and Archives Commission, 88

textbooks, 56–57

Theseus, 3–4

Too Much to Know (Blair), 4

U

Universal Digital Library, 11–12

Universal Library, 40

University of California, 39

user experience, 64–65

V

variant texts, 128

Vatican Library, 54

very large digital library (VLDL) movement, 18–19

Vincent, Nigel, 108

Virtual Library of Historical Newspapers (VLHN), 44–46, 45

W

Wayback Machine, 40, 92

web accessibility tools, 65

weeding, 135–136

Weiss, Andrew, 97, 99, 100, 139, 143, 145, 147

Wickham, Chris, 108

WorldCat, 23–24, 40, 101, 111, 114, 115

Y

Yahoo!, 39

Yukichi Fukuzawa, 148, 148