index

Numbers in bold refer to pages with illustrations

ABCs of Avalanche Safety, The (Ferguson & LaChappelle), 386

Advanced Backpacker, The (Townsend), 19

Adventure Foods BakePacker meals, 252

Adventure Medical Dental Medic kit, 335

aiming off, 366, 367

Aladdin mugs, 321

alcohol stoves, 242, 281, 284–85

fuel for, 284, 285

models, 33, 283, 28588

Allen and Mike’s Really Cool Back-country Ski Book (O’Bannon & Clelland), 95

Aloksak bags, 126, 351

AlpineAire foods, 252, 254

altimeters, 356, 372–73

altitude safety, 385–86

animals, 393

bears, 258–63, 394–96, 395

snakes, 393–94

Annapurna Circuit (Nepal), 398

Annerino, John, 12

Appalachian Mountain Club: maps, 361

White Mountain Guide, 375

Appalachian Trail, 11, 15, 16

Appalachian Trail Conference, 16, 375

Appalachian Trail Long Distance Hikers Association, 375

Appalachian Trail Thru-Hikers’ Companion, 375

Appalachian Trailway News, 11–12

Aquamira chlorine dioxide water purification, 270–71, 274

arachnids, 33839

Arc’teryx Bora hipbelt, 107

Arizona Trail, 18, 3435

Ascent of Kilimanjaro (Tanzania), 398

Asolo Approaches shoes, 39

Atwater Carey Hand Sanitizer, 335

avalanches, 386

Avalanche Safety for Skiers and Climbers (Daffern), 386

Backcountry Bear Basics (Smith), 394–95

Backcountry Cooking (Miller), 244

Backpacker, 31, 47

Gear Guide, 102, 210, 232

water contamination study, 267–68

backpacking: reasons for, 243

training for, 5–7. See also hiking entries

Backpacking Gear Weight Calculator, 31

Backpacking Light (Web site), 31–32

BakePacker baking grid, 250, 252, 320

BakePacker’s Companion, The (Spangenberg), 252

baking devices and ovens, 31920

Baldas Matterhorn Trek snowshoes, 93

bandannas, 175–76

Barefoot Hiker, The (Frazine), 39

barometers, 372, 384

Basic Essentials: Wilderness First Aid (Forgey), 333–34

batteries, 330–31

battery chargers, 331

bear-resistant canisters, 261–62

bears, 258–63, 394–96, 395

Bear Valley MealPack and Pemmican bars, 253

Bear Vault, 261–62

Be Expert with Map and Compass (Kjellström), 373

Beyond Backpacking (Jardine), 27, 33, 228

Bibler gear: Hanging Pot Set, 313

snow stakes, 198

Tripod tent, 195, 208

Big Agnes Horse Thief sleeping bag, 228

bindings, 95

binoculars, 352

Bite sandals, 44, 6465

bivouac bags, 180–84

Black Diamond Equipment gear: headlamps, 326, 328, 329, 330

Megamid tent, 203, 205

Shell Gloves, 174

Zenix headlamp, 326

Blaze Low trail shoes, 65

blisters, 7273

Bollé Crevasses sunglasses, 340

books, 355

“Boot Camps,” 47

boots. See footwear entries

Bozeman Mountain Works gear: Air-Core Plus cord, 345

sleeping pads, 240

Bradt trekking guides, 375

Brasslite stoves, 283, 28788, 305, 308

breakfast, 252–53

Brown, Hamish, 17, 44

Brown, Nick, 152, 155

Brunton gear: Atmospheric Data Center (ADC) Pro, 384, 385

Battery Saver AA solar charger, 331

Multi-Navigator GPS receiver, 371, 372

Sherpa Atmospheric Data Center, 373

Buff neck gaiter, 171

Bug Cap, 336

bug tarps, 186–87

Bureau of Land Management maps, 360

butane-propane stoves, 281, 298301

hose-connected models, 302–4

models, 282

piggyback models, 300–302, 301

cairns, 373, 374

cameras and photography equipment, 353–55

campfires, 277–80, 278, 279

camping: coping with the night, 23839

kitchens, siting, 32324

making camp, 215–17

preparing a bed, 23839

safety, 213–15

sanitation techniques, 341–43

striking camp, 217. See also campsites

Camping and Woodcraft (Kephart), 25–26

Campingaz gear: butane-propane cartridges, 298, 299, 300, 302

Lumostar C270 lantern, 333

campsites: minimizing impact on, 212–13

selecting, 21013

candle lanterns, 33132

candles, 331

canister stoves. See butane-propane stoves

Canon Rebel camera, 353

Capilene Silkweight, 140

carbon monoxide poisoning, 309

cards, 356

Cascade Cup, 321, 322

Cascade Designs gear: Lite Chair, 241

Packtowl, 336

Platypus bottles, 272, 275–76

Cascade Designs sleeping pads: ProLite 3 short, 237–39

Ridge Rest, 236–37, 241

Therm-a-Rest, 236, 237–40, 241

UltraLite, 237–39; Z-Rest, 237

cell phones, 348–49

chairs and chair kits, 241–42

Charlet Moser crampons, 91

Classic Camp Stoves Web site, 280

Classic Treks: The 30 Most Spectacular Hikes in the World (Birkett), 398

climbing skins, 95

clothing: carrying, 176

design of garments, 156–60, 157, 158, 159

down garments, 148–50

insects and, 336–37

insulated clothing, 147–51

smell factor, 136–37

underwear, windproof, 140

vapor-barrier theory, 163–64

washing on the trail, 178

clothing, types of: bandannas, 175–76

gloves, 17275

hard shells, 145

mittens, 172–75

pants, 165–68, 166

ponchos, 156

shirts, synthetic, 139–40

shorts, 16465

soft shells, 145–47

vests, 147–48

wind shells, 144–47. See also footwear;

headgear;

rain gear;

socks

clothing layer system, 13034

inner layer, 131, 132, 134–40

midlayer, 131, 132, 134, 140–51

outer layer, 131, 133, 134, 151–62

Cocoon CoolMax Mummy Liner, 235–36

Coghlan’s Backpacker’s Trowel, 342

Coleman gear: butane-propane cartridges, 298, 299–300

fuel bottles, 310

Peak 1 Lantern, 333

thermos bottles, 277

Coleman stoves: Apex II, 282, 293–94

Exponent X, 303

Feather 442 Dual-Fuel, 282, 293

Multi-Fuel, 282, 293

Outlander F1 Powerboost, 282

Outlander F1 Ultralight, 282

Xtreme, 282, 303–4, 305, 308

Colorado tick fever, 339

Colorado Trail, 17

compasses, 363–67, 364, 365

Concordia Trek (Karakorum), 398

condensation, 191–93, 194, 196

conduction, 130

Continental Divide Trail, 16

Continental Divide Trail Society, 375

convection, 130

cooking and eating utensils: eating implements, 322–23

mugs, 321–22

packing, 323

pans, 315–19, 316, 317, 318

plates, 320

pot grippers, 319

washing, 322, 323

Cordura, 117

Counter Assault, 396

coyote, o.d., 11–12

crampons, 90–93, 91, 92

Crazy Creek chairs, 241–42

cross-country travel, 37778, 381–83

Crossing Arizona (Townsend), 18

Cryptosporidium, 266–68, 269, 270, 271, 272

Cudahy, Mike, 12

Custom Fit Superfeet, 49

DAM (down-filled air mattress), 240

Dana Design gear: Astralplane pack, 109, 113, 118, 120

Contour Hip-belt, 107

tents, 204–5

Travel Pocket, 128

Dancing Light Gear tents, 204–5

Dechka, Stu, 162

DEET-based insect repellents, 240, 337, 338

dehydration, 264, 268

DeLorme’s Atlas and Gazetteer volumes, 14, 362

dental care, 335

Derlet, Robert W., 268

devil’s club, 392

dinner, 254–55

distance: formula, 8, 9

pedometers, 10

per day, 8–10

Doan Magnesium Firestarter Tool, 314

documents and papers, 351, 400–402

down: care of, 233–34

cleaning, 176, 235

fill power, 149, 221–22

garments, 148–50

hats, 170

mattress, 240

sleeping bag construction, 225–26, 227

sleeping bags, 221–22, 232

dry bags, 125–26

duffel bags, 127–28

Duossal pans, 317

DuPont Tyvek, 190

Earthwalk Press maps, 361

Eastman Outdoors Little Jon Shovel, 342

eating utensils. See cooking and eating utensils

electronic notebooks, 351

emergency situations: cell phones, 348–49

fishing tackle, 349–50

food and drink supplies, 255–56

PLBs, 347–48

rescue procedures, 349

rope, 349

signaling, 346–47

snow shovel, 349

entertainment, 355–56

EPIC (encapsulated protection inside clothing) fabric treatment, 145–46, 223–24

Equinox silnylon stuff sacks, 126

equipment: color considerations, 33–36

cost considerations, 32–33

green gear, 28

making your own, 33

quality of, 32

selecting and buying, 20–22, 31–32

testing, 36

ultralight hiking, 25–28

weight considerations, 22–25, 29–31

equipment lists: checklists, 29–31, 407–8

eleven-day early summer trip, 23

foreign adventure travel, 400–402

nine-day summer trip, 26–27

two-month Arizona Trail through-hike, 3435

ultralight overnight summer trip, 30

Esatto boots, 47

Esbit Solid Fuel Stove, 284

Essential Outdoor Gear Manual, The (Getchell), 28, 344

Essential Wilderness Navigator (Seidman), 373

Eureka Timberline tents, 205

evaporation, 130

eVENT fabric: clothing, 153, 154, 159

sleeping bags, 223

Everest Base Camp Trek (Nepal), 398

Evernew pans, 316, 318

Exped gear: down mattress, 240

sleeping bags, 223

Explore, 31

fabric choices: cotton, 135, 141

fleece, 141–44

Polarfleece, 141

Polartec fleece, 141, 142

Polartec Thermal Pro, 143

polyester, 137–38

polypropylene, 137

Primaloft, 150, 174, 175, 221

for rain gear, 152–56, 153

silk, 139, 141

smell factor, 136–37

synthetics, 139–40

synthetic wicking fabrics, 135–36

waterproof terms, 149

wool, 138–39, 141

fabric treatment and care, 176–78

Falcon guidebooks, 375

fastpacking, 12

feather stick, 279

feet, 37

alignment of, 47–49, 48, 50

blisters, 7273

foot care, 7273

foot casts, 5253

overpronation, 48–49

oversupination, 48

wet feet/dry feet, 55

F. H. Enterprise Trekstov, 307

Fibraplex carbon fiber poles, 197

Field Guide to the Southwestern States (National Audubon Society), 355

50 Hikes series (Countryman), 375

film recommendations, 354

fire starters, 314

first-aid supplies, 333–35

First Need water filter, 272, 273

fishing tackle, 349–50

fitness, 5–7

FitSystem (Phil Oren), 47, 51

flares, 346–47

flashlights, 327

food and drink, 243–44

calories, 246–49

carbohydrates, 245, 247

cookbooks, 244

cooking times and methods, 250–51

daily needs, 249

emergency supplies, 255–56

fats, 244–45

foreign travel and, 4023

hot or cold, 244

nutritional content of, 248

packaging, 256–57

proteins, 245

storage in camp, 258–63

vitamins and minerals, 245

warmth and, 231

weight considerations, 247, 249. See also meals

food and drink, types of, 251–52

dehydrated food, 249, 250, 254

dried food, 249–50

freeze-dried food, 249–50, 254

milk, 255

powdered drinks, 274

soup, 254–55

sports drinks, 274

wild food, 263

Food Facts (Briggs & Wahlqvist), 244, 247

footbeds, 49–51, 57

footwear: ankle-support myth, 39–40

breaking in, 50

changing during a hike, 60

custom-made, 47

light versus heavy, 38–39

materials, 53–56

purpose of, 37–38

stiffness myth, 40

footwear, care of: drying, 68–69

regluing a sole, 71

repair, 71–72

sealing, 6768

washing, 68

water-proofing, 69–71

waxing, 69–70

footwear, fitting, 45–47, 46, 53

alignment of feet, 47–49, 48, 50

footbeds, 49–51, 57

foot casts, 5253

foot measurements, 49

incline board, 46, 51

modifications to footwear, 51–53, 52

right fit, 51

size comparison chart, 45

toe test, 47–48, 49

tongue depressors, 51

volume adjusters, 51

footwear, types of, 40–45

booties, 82

brands and models, 6467

camp sandals, 82

campwear, 81–84

heavyweight boots, 38–39, 42–43, 57, 67

hiking styles and, 39

lightweight boots, 38–39, 42, 57, 66

medium-weight boots, 42, 6667

running and trail shoes, 41–42, 57, 65

sandals, 39, 43–45, 6465

footwear construction, 53–54, 5758

heel counters, 40, 56, 57

heel designs, 62, 63

insoles, 57, 60–61

lacings, 58–59

lasting, 57, 60–61

lining and padding, 5658

lugs, 58, 62

midsoles, 57, 60–61

outsoles, 57, 61–63, 62

rands, 63

removable inserts, 60

scree collars, 58, 59

seams, 59–60

stitching versus bonding, 63–64

toe boxes, 56

tongue, 57, 58

fording rivers and streams, 38991

foreign adventure travel, 397–99

communication, 403–4

food and drink, 4023

getting there, 404–5

guides, 400, 404

immunizations, 400, 402

information and planning, 399–402

insurance, 403

money, 401

organized trips, 402

planning sources, 401

political instability, 400

terrorism, 400

trip list, 400–401

vaccinations, 400, 402

water, 402

Forest Service maps, 360

Free-Heel Skiing (Parker), 95

French Opinel folding knife, 345

frostbite, 388

fuel bottles: filling, 310–11

types of, 309–10

weight, 308

fuel for stoves: choices, 281, 284, 288–89, 298–99, 306

transporting, 314–15

use, estimating, 281–83

weight, 308

gaiters, 80–81

games, 356

Garcia Machine Backpackers’ Cache, 261, 262

Garmin GPS receivers, 372

gasoline stoves, 281, 288

Giardia lamblia, 267–68, 269, 272, 274

GoLite clothing: Coal jacket, 150

C-Thru, 140

Phantom jacket, 159

Reed waterproof-breathable pants, 161

Terrain shorts, 165

GoLite gear: Dome umbrella, 163

Feather sleeping bag, 232, 233, 234

silnylon stuff sacks, 126

SmartFit sleeping bags, 224

GoLite packs, 97–99

Breeze, 97, 98, 100, 105, 118

Gust, 98, 118, 120

materials, 117

Trek, 100, 120

GoLite tents and tarps: Cave, 185, 186, 187, 189, 204

Den 2, 196, 209

Hex 2, 205

Hex 3, 205

Lair 1 Nest, 187

Lair 2 Nest, 187

Trig 2, 202, 203, 204

Tri Trekker Tarp, 202, 204

Good Food for Camp and Trail (Miller), 244, 250

Gore Dryloft fabric, 223

Gore-Tex fabric: clothing, 78, 152, 153–54

tents, 194

gorp, 253

Gorp, Glop and Glue Stew (Prater & Mendenhall), 244

Gossamer Gear: NightLight sleeping pad, 236

packs, 99, 118

GPS (global positioning system), 367–72, 371

Grand Canyon Loop Hikes I (Steck), 214

Grand Canyon Loop Hikes II (Steck), 214

Granger’s waterproofing products: fabric, 176, 177, 178

footwear, 70

Gray, Jeff, 52

green gear, 28

Gregory hipbelts, 107

Grip Clips, 188

Grivel crampons, 92

Grizzly Years (Peacock), 395

groundsheets, 190

GSI Bugaboo gear: Lexan mugs, 321

pans, 316

guidebooks, 355, 374–75, 399–400

Hamish’s Mountain Walk (Brown), 17

hammocks, 242

Handbook of the Canadian Rockies (Gadd), 17, 355

hand hygiene, 267, 268, 335

headgear: choices, 170

hoods, 15758

rain hats, 172

sun hats, 16972

Tilley Hat, 170–71

warm hats, 158, 16869

headlamps, 326, 327–30, 328, 329

head net, 336

heat exhaustion, 388–89

heat production and loss, 129–30

heel counters, 40, 56, 57

Helly Hansen clothing: boot liners, 82–83

fleece, 141, 142

Lifa line, 137, 140

Thin Air Vest, 150, 151

Hennessey Hammocks, 242

High Level Route (Corsica), 398

hiking: being lost, 375–76

before dawn, 96

distance per day, 8–10

in a group, 7–8

kilocalorie demand, 246–47

pace, setting, 7–8

rhythm, 8

scheduling rest, 6

solo, 10–11

Hiking Grand Canyon Loops (Steck), 214

hiking styles: boot selection and, 39

choosing, 12–13

fastpacking, 12

slackpacking, 11–12

trail running, 12

ultralight hiking, 25–28

Hillaby, John, 5–6, 17

Hilleberg gear: Akto tents, 203, 209, 213, 214

Bivanorak, 183

Keron 3 tents, 203

Keron tents, 209–10

Nallo 2 tents, 207, 209

snow stakes, 198

hipbelts, 21, 99, 101, 102, 105–7

Hi-Tec Sierra V-Lite boots, 66

homemade alcohol stoves, 283, 287

hose-connected stoves, 302–4

How to Shit in the Woods (Meyer), 343

hunters, 396

hydration systems, 276–77

hypothermia, 387–88

Ibbeson, Chris, 31

ice axes, 88–90, 89

IceBox, 219, 220

identification, 351

igloos, 219–20

impact on landscape, minimizing, 212–13, 373–74, 38183

incline board, 46, 51

Inoxal pans, 317

insecticides, 337–38

insect repellent, 240, 337, 338

insects, biting, 33639

Internet. See Web sites

JanSport packs, 104

Jardine, Jenny, 26–27, 33, 44, 163

Jardine, Ray: books, 26–27

making gear, 33

sandals for hiking, 44–45

sleeping bag recommendations, 228

umbrellas, 162–63

Jetboil stoves, 282, 304–6

John Muir Trail, 16, 17, 375, 377

Jordan, Ryan N., 31

journals, 350

Journey Through Britain (Hillaby), 5–6, 17

Julbo Sherpa sunglasses, 340–41

Katadyn Hiker water filter, 272, 273

Katahdin, Mount (Maine), 16

Kelty packs, 103, 104, 117

Kephart, Horace, 25–26

kerosene stoves, 281, 288–89

kilocalorie demand, 246–47

kitchens, siting, 32324

knives, 314, 345–46

Komperdell Guide trekking poles, 85

Kraft Cheesy Pasta, 254

Kungsleden (Sweden), 398

lanterns, 331–33, 332

LED lights, 325–27, 326

flashlights, 327

headlamps, 329–30

Life-Link gear: poles, 85

Snow Study Kit, 356

lightning safety, 38687

lights, 325

candle lanterns, 33132

candles, 331

flashlights, 327

head-lamps, 326, 327–30, 328, 329

lanterns, 331–33, 332

LED lights, 325–27, 326, 329–30

lightsticks, 333

Lightweight Backpacker (Web site), 32

Limmer, Peter, 47

lip balm, 340

Lipton pasta-and-sauce meals, 254

Lonely Planet hiking guides, 375

Long Trail (Vermont), 16, 17

lost, being, 375–76

Lowe Alpine clothing: Mountain Cap, 170, 171

Power Stretch tights, 167

Lowe Alpine shoulder harness system, 110

lunch, 253–54

Lundhags boots, 47

Lyme disease, 338–39

Lynne Whelden’s LW gear, 97, 99

magnetic variation, 366–67

Map Adventure maps, 361, 368

map bearings, 365–67

map datum, 370

maps, 14, 357–63

availability of, 360–62

contour lines, 35859

distances, figuring, 362

foreign travel, 399–400

navigating with, 362–63

planimetric, 358–59, 362

scale, 359–60

topographic, 35859, 360, 361, 362, 368–69, 370

Markill mugs, 322

Markill stoves: Hot Rod, 282, 301

Hot Shot, 282

Stormy, 303

Stormy Hanging system, 313

Marmot clothing: Down Sweater, 149

Evolution garments, 140

Marmot sleeping bags, 222, 233

McHale packs, 112–13

Bypass shoulder system, 108

hipbelts, 105–6

materials, 117

meals: breakfast, 252–53

dinner, 254–55

lunch, 253–54

variations, 255. See also food and drink

Medicine for Mountaineering (Wilkerson), 269, 333, 386, 394

Mekan Boot, 47

merino wool socks, 75

Merrell Onos sandals, 64

Milford Track (New Zealand), 398

Milkman Instant Milk, 255

Mini Maglite flashlight, 327, 328

Mini Pump, 292

moist wipes, 335

monoculars, 352

Montane Superfly eVENT jacket, 159

MontBell sleeping bags, 225

Montrail footwear, 49

Montrail Cristallo, 66, 67

mosquito coil, 338

Mountaineering Medicine (Darvill), 334

Mountaineering: The Freedom of the Hills (Cox & Fulsaas), 88

Mountain Equipment sleeping bags, 225

Mountain Hardwear clothing: Ascent Ventigaiters, 81

booties, 82

Canyon Shirt, 139, 140

Convertible Pack Pants, 166–67

Exposure gloves, 174, 175

Transition, 140

Windstopper Vest, 143

Mountain Hardwear Quantum Expander panels, 225

Mountain Hardwear sleeping bags, 241

Mountain Safety Research (MSR) gear: butane-propane cartridges, 299

fuel bottles, 308, 310

Mini-Works water filter, 272

MIOX Purifier, 271

Mountain Gourmet food, 252

mugs, 321

pans, 316, 317, 318, 322

water bags, 276

XPD Heat Exchanger, 31112

Mountain Safety Research (MSR) stoves: DragonFly, 282, 29596

PocketRocket, 282, 308, 312

SimmerLite, 282, 296, 308

SuperFly, 282, 302

SuperFly Ascent System, 313

WhisperLite, 295

WhisperLite Internationale, 282, 295

Wind Pro, 282, 302, 303

XGK Expedition, 282, 289, 294–95

XGK II, 403

mountain storm, 360

MP1 Emergency Drinking Water Tablets, 271

MPI gear: Extreme ProTech Bag, 184

Safe Signal mirror, 347

Space Brand Emergency Bag, 183–84

Muir, John, 25

mummy bag, 224, 225

Munro Phenomenon, The (Dempster), 17

Munros (Scotland), 17, 18

Munros and Tops, The (Townsend), 17

music, 355–56

Naismith, William W., 8

Nalgene bottles, 275, 276

National Geographic Adventure, 31

National Park Service maps, 362

natural fuel stoves, 306–7

Nature Study Guild Finder books, 355

navigation: books about, 373

with compasses, 364–67, 365, 366

with GPS, 367–72, 371

with maps, 362–63

by natural phenomena, 373

at night, 363

signposts, 37374

waymarks, 37374

neck gaiters, 17071

netting, 18687

night navigation, 363

Nike Reuse-a-Shoe program, 28

Nikwax waterproofing products: fabric care, 176, 177, 178

footwear, 68, 69, 70

Loft Down Wash, 235

Map Proof, 363

Nimblewill Nomad stove, 307

Nite Ize headband, 328

No-Rinse Bathing Wipes, 336

Northern Lights Candoil insert, 332

North Face Polarguard 3D-filled Expander Panel, 225

North Face tents: Roadrunner 2, 203, 207

Tadpole, 203, 207

VE 25, 203, 207

no-see-ums, 338

notebooks, 350–51

Nunatak Ghost Blanket, 228

nylon cord, 344–45

Odor Resistant Polartec Power Dry, 137

Olicamp gear: pans, 316, 317

Scorpion I stove, 303

100 Hikes series (Mountaineers), 375

Optimus fuel bottles, 308, 310

Optimus stoves: Crux, 282, 301, 302

Hiker, 293

Hunter, 293

Nova, 282, 292–93, 305, 308

Svea 123R, 280, 282, 291–92, 305

Oren, Phil, 46–47, 48–49, 51

orienteering compass, 36364, 365

Ortlieb gear: dry bags, 125

map case, 363

Water Bag, 275

Outback Oven, 250, 252, 319–20

Outdoor Athlete, The (Ilg), 6

Outdoor Photographer (Rowell), 352

Outdoor Research gear: Hat for All Seasons, 170

Modular Mukluks, 83

Water Bottle Parka, 277

outhouses, 341

Outlast clothing: acrylic garments, 139

socks, 75

Outside, 31

ovens and baking devices, 31920

overboots, 81

overpronation, 48–49

oversupination, 48

pace, setting, 7–8

Pacerpoles, 8586

Pacific Crest Trail, 16, 17, 375, 376

Pacific Crest Trail Association, 16

Pacific Crest Trail Hiker’s Handbook, The (Jardine), 26, 162

Pacific Outdoor Equipment (POE): InsulMat sleeping pads, 240

Pneumo Dry Bags, 125–26

pack accessories: covers, 125

duffel bags, 127–28

liners, 125

lumbar packs, 127

pouches, belt and shoulder, 127

stuff sacks, 125–26

packbags, 113–16

floating lids, 115

internal compartments, 114

lids and closures, 114–15

pockets, 115–16

size comparison chart, 113–14

straps and patches, 116

wand pockets, 116

packcloth, 117

pack construction, 101

adjustable harness, 110

back bands, 101, 108

compression straps, 101, 114

external frame, 100, 101, 102, 103–4

frames, 103–5

hipbelts, 21, 99, 101, 102, 105–7, 110, 111

internal frame, 99, 101, 102, 103, 104–5

load-lifter straps, 101, 107–8, 110

lumbar pad, 101, 106

materials, 116–17

padding, 101, 108

shoulder straps, 101, 107

sternum straps, 101, 108, 110

suspension systems, importance of, 102

weight considerations, 117–18

packing gear, 119, 121–22

packs: as a backrest, 124

care of, 125

choices and models, 120

durability of, 118–19

fitting a, 108–13, 109, 11012

how to pack, 119, 121–22

putting on, 122–24, 123

weight of, 25, 96–97

packs, types of: gender-specific, 113

lightweight, 99–100

standard, 25, 100, 102

ultralight, 25–28, 97–99

Paclite clothing, 154

pans, 315–19, 316, 317, 318

paracord, 344–45

Páramo clothing: Alta II jacket, 159

Alta pants, 161

Aspira, 161

Directional Waterproof fabrics, 154, 155

gaiters, 81

pants, 167–68

Para-meta S fabric, 137–38, 140

Trail Shirt, 138

passport, 351

pasta, 244, 247, 254

Patagonia clothing, 28

Baggies shorts, 165

Polarfleece fabric, 142

R1 Flash Pullover, 143

pedometers, 10

Pelican MityLite, 327

Pennine Way (Britain), 17, 398

pens, 351

pepper spray, 396

permits, 15

personal locator beacons (PLBs), 347–48

Pertex fabrics, 223

Petzl headlamps, 326, 32829, 330

Phillips Environmental Wag Bag, 343

photography, 352–55

Piezo ignition, 301, 333

piggyback stoves, 300–302, 301

pillows, 241

planisphere, 355

planning a hike: information gathering, 13–15

long-distance trails, 15–19

permits, 15

route plan, leaving notice of, 11

plants, poisonous, 391–93, 392

Platypus bottles, 272, 275–76

Plow and Hearth Bug Cap, 336

poison ivy, 392

poisonous plants, 391–93, 392

Polarguard fill, 220–21

Polar Pure iodine water disinfectant, 270, 402

Polartec Power Stretch clothing, 137–38, 140

poles, tent. See under tents

poles, trekking. See trekking poles

ported burners, 289, 300

postholing, 93

Potable Aqua, 269–70

Pot Parka, 313, 319

pressure stoves, 289

Primaloft, 150, 174, 175, 221

Primus gear: butane-propane cartridges, 298, 299, 308

EasyLight lantern, 333

fuel bottles, 310

Micron lantern, 333

pans, 316

Primus stoves: Foot Rest stand, 313

Micron, 282, 301, 302, 305

Multi-Fuel, 296–97, 303

OmniFuel, 282, 29697, 303, 312

Suspension Kit, 313

VariFuel, 298

Princeton Tec gear: headlamps, 328, 329, 330

Pulsar flashlight, 327

Yukon HL headlamps, 326

pronation, 48

pyramid tarps, 187, 189

Pyrenean High Level Route, 398

Rab Carrington gear: Photon Primaloft One smock, 150–51

Quantum 200 sleeping bag, 232

Survival Zone bivouac bag, 182

radiation, 130

radios, 355–56

rain gear, 151–62

design of garments, 156–60, 157, 158, 159

eleven-day early summer trip, 23

fabrics, 152–56, 153

hats, 172

hoods, 133, 15758

jackets, 133, 157, 159

pants, 133, 160–62

umbrellas, 162–63

weight and fit, 160

reading matter, 355

Really Cool Telemark Tips (O’Bannon & Clelland), 95

REI gear: Cascade Cup, 321, 322

Polarguard Booties, 82

REM (Rest Easy Mama) Air Core, 240

repair kit, 343–44

nylon cord, 344–45

rubber bands, 344

sewing kit, 344

tape, 343–44

repairs: footwear, care of, 71–72

sleeping bags, 234

tent poles, 197

rescue procedures, 349

resupply methods, 15, 257–58

Reuse-a-Shoe program, 28

rivers and streams, fording, 38991

roamer, 364, 368, 369, 370

roarer burners, 289

Rockwell, Robert L., 267

Rocky Mountain spotted fever, 338

rubber bands, 344

rubbing bar, 51–52

Running Wild (Annerino), 12

safe camping, 213–15

Salewa Alunal crampons, 92

Salomon XA Pro running shoes, 65

sandals. See footwear, types of

sanitation techniques, 341–43

Sawyer Extractor, 339, 394

Scarpa boots: Delta M3, 66

Manta, 67

Schas, Jake, 228

Scorch Buster heat-dispersion plate, 312, 313

Scottish Mountaineering Club, 8

SealSkinz socks, 7879

Sequel Solar Shirt, 139–40

sewing kit, 344

Shaker Jet, 294

shelter, 179–80. See also specific kinds of shelter

Shelter Systems Grip Clips, 188

Sherlite staff, 84

Sherlock staff, 84

Sherpa Featherweight Sno-Claw snowshoes, 93

shoes. See footwear entries

sidecut, 94

Sierra Club guides, 375

Sierra Cup, 322

Sierra Design Flex Bags, 225

Sierra Stove, 283, 305, 306–7, 308

Sigg bottles, 274–75

signaling, 346–47

signal mirror, 346, 347

signposts, 37374

Silva compasses, 363–64

Simple Foods for the Pack (Axcell, Kath, & Cooke), 244

ski backpacking, 93–95, 94

slackpacking, 11–12

sleeping bag design features: boxed feet, 229

draft collars, 229

hoods, 229

zippers, 230

sleeping bags, 220

bottomless bags, 228–29

care of, 233–35, 234

carrying, 233

color considerations, 224

construction, 225–28, 226, 227

covers, 228

down, 221–22, 225–26, 227, 232, 233–34, 235

down-and-feather fill, 222

fill materials, 220–22

gender-specific, 224–25

half bags, 229

liners, 235–36

models and choices, 232–33

Polarguard fill, 220–21

Primaloft fill, 221

shell materials, 222–23

sitting in, 231

size and shape, 22425

synthetic fill materials, 220–21

warmth ratings, 230–32

washing, 235

weight considerations, 232

sleeping pads, 236–41, 237

SmartWool clothing, 138, 140

Aero T-Shirt, 140

socks, 76–77

Smith, Dave, 394–95, 396

snakes, 393–94

snow camping, 217

making camp, 215

sanitation techniques, 343

snow shovel, 349

striking camp, 217

tent stakes, 198

water, 264, 265

snow caves, 218–20, 219

Snow Peak gear: butane-propane cartridges, 298, 304, 308

fuel bottles, 310

mugs, 322

pans, 318, 322

Snow Peak stoves: GigaPower BF, 303

GigaPower Titanium, 282, 298

GigaPower WG, 298

Snowshoeing (Prater), 93

snowshoes, 93

soaps, 335

socks, 73–74

caring for, 79–80

choices, 76–77

construction, 7576

fit, 77–78

Gore-Tex socks, 78

liners, 77

materials, 74–75

merino wool socks, 75

Outlast socks, 75

SealSkinz socks, 7879

SmartWool socks, 76–77

waterproof, 7879

soda-can stoves, 283, 287

Solar World SPC-4 battery charger, 331

solid-fuel stoves, 284

solo walking, 10–11

stabilizing footbeds, 49–51, 57

staffs. See trekking poles

stakes. See under tents

Steck, George, 214

Stephenson’s Warmlite gear: down mattress, 240

sleeping bags, 228–29

tents, 194–95, 209

sticky-rubber outsoles, 61–62

stinging nettle, 39192

Storm Whistle, 346

stove accessories: flame diffusers, 312, 313

hanging cook systems, 313

heat exchangers, 31112

heat reflectors, 311

lighters, 313–14

pot warmers, 313, 319

stands, 313

windscreens, 311

stoves, 280–81, 283

fuel choices, 281, 403

fuel use, estimating, 281–83

fuel weight, 308

maintenance, 309

packing, 323

performance tests, 281, 282–83

quality of, 280–81

safety, 307–9, 310

selection criteria, 281

transporting, 314–15

weight considerations, 281, 308

stove types, 283–84

alcohol, 284–88

butane-propane cartridge, 298–306

natural fuel, 306–7

solid fuel, 284

white gas and multifuel, 288–98

streams and rivers, fording, 38991

sunglasses, 340–41

sunscreen, 339–40

Superfeet footbeds, 49, 65

supination, 48

supplies: availability of, 88

resupply methods, 15, 257–58

Surveyor overboots, 81

survival bags, 183–84

Suunto Altimax, 372, 373, 384

Swedish FireSteel, 314

Sweetwater Guardian filter, 272

Swiss Army Knife, 345

Altimeter knife, 356, 373

Sympatex clothing, 153, 154

Tahoe Bear Canister, 261

tape, 343–44

tarps, 18486

netting, 18687

pitching, 186, 18789

pyramid, 187, 189

tautline hitch, 199

Taylor Analog Instant-Read Dial Thermometer, 356

tent designs: crossover pole domes, 206–7

floors, 196–97

geodesic domes, 191, 192, 203, 206–7, 208, 216, 217, 218

hoops and tunnels, 203, 207–10

pyramid, 203, 205–6, 216, 217

ridge tents, 202–5, 203, 204

single-hoop, 209, 210

vestibules, 192, 200

wedge, 206–7

tents, 190–91

care of, 21718

color considerations, 202

condensation, 191–93, 194, 196

construction, 191–93

fabrics, 193–95

guylines, 199

inner or outer pitching, 201–2

nonbreathable single-skin tents, 19596

pitching, 201, 215–16

poles, 197–98

seam sealant, 193, 194

selecting, 21

size, 200

stability, 201, 207, 209

stakes, 198–99

waterproof-breathable fabrics, 194, 195

weight, 200–201

terrain. See trails

Terramar merino wool clothing, 138–39

Teva Wraptor 2 sandals, 43, 44, 64

TFO Gatekeeper water filter, 272

Therm-a-Rest sleeping pads, 236, 237–40, 241

thermometer, 356

Thorn, Denise, 136, 240, 337

Thousand-Mile Summer, The (Fletcher), 17

Thru-Hiker’s Handbook, The (Bruce), 375

ticks, 33839

Tilley Hat, 170–71

toe test, 47–48, 49

toilet paper, 342–43

toilets, 34142

Tom Harrison Trail Maps, 360, 361

Tool Logic SL3 knife, 314, 345

tooth care, 335

Topo! interactive map CD-ROM, 361

Tour of Mont Blanc (France), 398

Tracks staffs, 84

Trail Crest camp sandals, 82

Trail Food (Kesselheim), 250

trail guides, 355, 374–75, 399–400

trail markers, 37374

Trail Quest (Web site), 32

trail running, 12

trails: bushwhacking, 381

following, 37778, 38183

scree slopes, 378–79

snow, crossing, 380

steep slopes, 37880

trails, long-distance, 15–19, 16

failure rate, 16–17

in other countries, 398

preparation to hike, 17

water needs, 18–19

Trails Illustrated maps, 361, 368

training for backpacking, 5–7

Trangia gear: fuel bottles, 308

pans, 316

stoves, 283, 285–87, 303, 308

Traveler bottles, 275

Trekking in Nepal (Bezruchka), 404

trekking poles: advantages of, 83–84

materials and designs, 8486

as tent poles, 197–98

using, 86–88, 87

Triple Crown, 15–16

Tropical Traveler, The (Hatt), 399, 401

Tua Hydrogen skis, 94–95

Tyvek, 190

Ultimate Desert Handbook, The (Johnson), 266

Ultralight Adventure Equipment (ULA) H2O Amigo water filter, 273–74

Ultralight Adventure Equipment (ULA) packs, 109–10

Fusion, 105

materials, 117

pack weight formula, 118

ULA P-2, 98, 99, 100, 109–10, 116, 118, 120

ultralight hiking, 25–28

umbrellas, 162–63

Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) system, 36870

urination techniques, 343

Ursack stuff sack, 258, 260, 262–63

U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) topo-graphic maps, 359, 360, 361, 368–69, 370

vapor-barrier theory, 163–64

Vibram, 61

Victorinox Swiss Army Knife, 345

volume-to-weight ratio, 118

wallet and money, 351, 401

Wal-Mart Grease Saver Pot, 31516

Wanderlust Nomad tents, 205–6

washing hands, 267, 268, 335

washing pots and dishes, 267, 268, 322, 323

wash kit, 335–36

watch, 351–52

Watchful Eye Designs gear: Aloksaks, 126, 351

O.P. Sak, 263

water, 263–65

collecting, 266

daily needs, 264

foreign travel and, 402

long-distance trails, 18–19

powdered drinks, 274

retrieving, 216

safety, 266–68

sources, 26566

water containers: bags, 276

bottles, 274–76

hydration systems, 276–77

storing, 277

thermos bottles, 277

waterproof bags, 125–26

waterproof terms, 149

water treatment, 268–74

boiling, 269

chemicals, 26971

filters, 269, 272–74

foreign travel, 402

waymarks, 37374

weather forecasting, 384–85

weather hazards, 214, 383–84

Weathering the Wilderness (Reifsnyder), 385

Web sites: barefoot hiking, 39

camp sandals, 82

custom-made boots, 47

equipment, buying, 31–32

fitness, 6

food and drink, 244, 247

foreign travel, 401

guidebooks, 375

hammocks, 242

maps, 361–62

Nike, 28

Pacerpoles, 85–86

Patagonia, 28

planning, 14

stoves, 280, 284, 288, 307

weight calculations, 31

weight considerations: Backpacking Gear Weight Calculator, 31

durability and, 24

equipment, 22–25, 29–31

food and drink, 247, 249

fuel for stoves, 308

lightweight, 24

packs, 96–97, 117–18

rain jackets, 160

sleeping bags, 232

standard, 24

stoves, 281, 308

tents, 200–201

ultralight, 24

volume-to-weight ratio, 118

Welch, Thomas R., 267

Welch, Timothy P., 267

Well-Fed Backpacker, The (Fleming), 244

Westbrae Ramens, 254

Western Mountaineering gear: down fill power, 222

Flight jacket, 149–50

HighLite sleeping bag, 232, 233

LineLite sleeping bags, 233

sleeping bags, 223

West Nile virus, 336

white-gas and multifuel stoves, 288–89

lighting, 290

models, 282, 291–98

priming, 289–91, 290

White Mountain Guide (Appalachian Mountain Club), 375

Wilderness and Environmental Medicine, 267

Wilderness First Aid (Gill), 333

Wilderness Press, 375

wilderness shelters, 218

Wild Ideas Bearikade, 261

wildlife, 38. See also animals

Williamson, Scott, 44

W. L. Gore Windstopper N2S clothing, 140

wolves, 344

World Mapping Today (Parry & Perkins), 363

World’s Greatest Adventure Treks, The (Jackson), 398

writing paper, 350–51

X-Static clothing, 136–37

Yosemite Association, 267