Edmund DeWitt Patterson: Journal, January 20, 1863
Picket Duty and Snowballs: Virginia, January 1863
Theodore A. Dodge: Journal, January 21–24, 1863
The Mud March: Virginia, January 1863
Henry Adams to Charles Francis Adams Jr., January 23, 1863
Emancipation and Public Opinion: London, January 1863
George G. Meade to Margaret Meade, January 23, 26, and 28, 1863
A Change in Command: Virginia, January 1863
Abraham Lincoln to Joseph Hooker, January 26, 1863
Advising a New Commander: Washington, D.C., January 1863
John A. Andrew to Francis Shaw, January 30, 1863
Raising a Black Regiment: Massachusetts, January 1863
William Parker Cutler: Diary, February 2 and 9, 1863
Debating Black Soldiers: Washington, D.C., February 1863
George Templeton Strong: Diary, February 3–5, 1863
“These be dark blue days”: New York, February 1863
Oliver W. Norton to Edwin Norton, February 6, 1863
“The soldier’s pest”: Virginia, February 1863
Robert E. Lee to Mary Lee, February 8, 1863
Short Rations: Virginia, February 1863
Robert Gould Shaw to Annie Haggerty, February 8, 1863
Accepting a Colonelcy: Virginia, February 1863
Richard Cobden to Charles Sumner, February 13, 1863
Emancipation and Intervention: London, February 1863
Isaac Funk: Speech in the Illinois State Senate, February 14, 1863
“These traitors right here”: Springfield, February 1863
Taylor Peirce to Catharine Peirce, February 16, 1863
“His wife crying over him”: Missouri, February 1863
William T. Sherman to Thomas Ewing Sr., February 17, 1863, and to John Sherman, February 18, 1863
The Menace of the Press: Louisiana, February 1863
Clement L. Vallandigham: Speech in Congress, February 23, 1863
Opposing Conscription: Washington, D.C., February 1863
Samuel W. Fiske to the Springfield Republican, February 25, 1863
“Vile and traitorous resolutions”: Virginia, February 1863
Charles C. Jones Jr. to Charles C. Jones Sr. and Mary Jones, March 3, 1863
Defending Fort McAllister: Georgia, March 1863
Charles C. Jones Sr. to Charles C. Jones Jr., March 4, 1863
“Fight more manfully than ever”: Georgia, March 1863
Harriet Jacobs to Lydia Maria Child, March 18, 1863
Black Refugees: Virginia, March 1863
William Henry Harrison Clayton to Nide and Rachel Pugh, March 26, 1863
Unionist Refugees: Missouri, March 1863
Henry W. Halleck to Ulysses S. Grant, March 31, 1863
Withdrawing Slaves from the Enemy: Washington, D.C., March 1863
Frederick Law Olmsted to John Olmsted, April 1, 1863
The Army before Vicksburg: Louisiana, March 1863
Frederick Douglass: Why Should a Colored Man Enlist?, April 1863
“A war for Emancipation”: April 1863
Jefferson Davis to William M. Brooks, April 2, 1863
Defending General Pemberton: Virginia, April 1863
John B. Jones: Diary, April 2–4, 1863
The Richmond Bread Riot: Virginia, April 1863
Whitelaw Reid to the Cincinnati Gazette, April 4, 1863
The Necessity of Fighting: April 1863
Charles S. Wainwright: Diary, April 5–12, 1863
Lincoln Reviews the Army: Virginia, April 1863
Francis Lieber: No Party Now, But All for Our Country, April 11, 1863
Loyalty to the Nation: New York, April 1863
Catharine Peirce to Taylor Peirce, April 12, 1863
Home and Family News: Iowa, April 1863
James A. Connolly to Mary Dunn Connolly, April 20, 1863
“Fighting goes like fortunes”: Tennessee, April 1863
Ulysses S. Grant to Jesse Root Grant, April 21, 1863
“I am doing my best”: Louisiana, April 1863
David Hunter to Jefferson Davis, April 23, 1863
Threatening Retaliation: South Carolina, April 1863
Kate Stone: Journal, April 25, 1863
“A night and day of terror”: Louisiana, March–April 1863
Wilbur Fisk to The Green Mountain Freeman, April 26, 1863
Waiting to March: Virginia, April 1863
John Hampden Chamberlayne to Martha Burwell Chamberlayne, April 30, 1863
“Rain, mud, & night”: Virginia, April 1863
Sarah Morgan: Diary, April 30, 1863
Expelling “enemies”: Louisiana, April 1863
Samuel Pickens: Diary, May 1–3, 1863
Battle of Chancellorsville: Virginia, May 1863
Jedediah Hotchkiss: Journal, May 2–6, 1863
“Disorder reigned supreme”: Virginia, May 1863
Taylor Peirce to Catharine Peirce, May 4, 1863
Battle of Port Gibson: Mississippi, May 1863
Catherine Edmondston: Diary, May 5–7, 9, and 11–12, 1863
“The nation’s idol”: North Carolina, May 1863
Charles F. Morse to His Family, May 7, 1863
“The great Joe Hooker”: Virginia, May 1863
Samuel W. Fiske to the Springfield Republican, May 9 and 11, 1863
“Disgraceful and disastrous defeat”: Virginia, May 1863
Charles B. Wilder: Testimony before the American Freedmen’s Inquiry Commission, May 9, 1863
Escaping Slavery: Virginia, May 1863
Thomas Wentworth Higginson: Journal, May 10, 1863
Commanding a Black Regiment: South Carolina, May 1863
Edward O. Guerrant: Diary, May 15, 1863
Mourning Stonewall Jackson: Kentucky, May 1863
George Richard Browder: Diary, May 17–26, 1863
Swearing Allegiance: Kentucky, May 1863
Harper’s Weekly: The Arrest of Vallandigham, May 30, 1863
“The people can be trusted”: New York, May 1863
Oliver W. Norton to Elizabeth Norton Poss, June 8, 1863
Meeting “Secesh” Civilians: Virginia, June 1863
Robert Gould Shaw to Annie Haggerty Shaw, June 9–13, 1863
The Burning of Darien: Georgia, June 1863
William Winters to Harriet Winters, June 9, 1863
Siege of Vicksburg: Mississippi, June 1863
Matthew M. Miller to His Aunt, June 10, 1863
Battle of Milliken’s Bend: Louisiana, June 1863
Robert E. Lee to Jefferson Davis, June 10, 1863
“Dividing and weakening” the North: Virginia, June 1863
William T. Sherman to John T. Swayne, June 11, 1863
“The hand of destruction”: Mississippi, June 1863
Henry C. Whelan to Mary Whelan, June 11, 1863
Battle of Brandy Station: Virginia, June 1863
Abraham Lincoln to Erastus Corning and Others, June 12, 1863
The Constitution in Wartime: Washington, D.C., June 1863
The Vicksburg Siege Continues: Mississippi, June 1863
Charles B. Haydon: Journal, June 20, 1863
“A soldier never knows”: Mississippi, June 1863
William T. Sherman to Ellen Ewing Sherman, June 27, 1863
“They have sowed the wind”: Mississippi, June 1863
Edmund DeWitt Patterson: Journal, June 24–30, 1863
Invading the North: Maryland and Pennsylvania, June 1863
Lafayette McLaws to Emily McLaws, June 28, 1863
“A very different race”: Pennsylvania, June 1863
Alpheus S. Williams to Irene and Mary Williams, June 29, 1863
Changing Commanders: Maryland, June 1863
Samuel W. Fiske to the Springfield Republican, June 30, 1863
“This business of war”: Maryland, June 1863
Arthur James Lyon Fremantle: Diary, July 1–4, 1863
Battle of Gettysburg: Pennsylvania, July 1863
Samuel Pickens: Diary, July 1–3, 1863
“What terrible work”: Pennsylvania, July 1863
Francis Adams Donaldson: Narrative of Gettysburg, July 2–3, 1863
“This trial of the nerves”: Pennsylvania, July 1863
Elizabeth Blair Lee to Samuel Phillips Lee, July 3 and 4–5, 1863
News of Gettysburg: Washington, D.C., July 1863
Joshua Lawrence Chamberlain to George B. Herendeen, July 6, 1863
Defending Little Round Top: Pennsylvania, July 1863
Henry Livermore Abbott to Josiah Gardner Abbott, July 6, 1863
Defeating Pickett’s Charge: Pennsylvania, July 1863
Lafayette McLaws to Emily McLaws, July 7, 1863
“A series of terrible engagements”: Pennsylvania, July 1863
Cornelia Hancock to Her Cousin, July 7, 1863, and to Ellen Hancock Child, July 8, 1863
A Nurse at Gettysburg: Pennsylvania, July 1863
Catharine Peirce to Taylor Peirce, July 5, 1863
Celebrating the Fourth: Iowa, July 1863
William Henry Harrison Clayton to Amos and Grace Clayton, July 5, 1863
Vicksburg Surrenders: Mississippi, July 1863
William T. Sherman to Ellen Ewing Sherman, July 5, 1863
“The event of the war”: Mississippi, July 1863
William Winters to Harriet Winters, July 6, 1863
A “forlorn and forsaken” place: Mississippi, July 1863
Benjamin B. French: Journal, July 8, 1863
“The glorious result”: Washington, D.C., July 1863
Catherine Edmondston: Diary, July 8–11, 1863
War News and Rumors: North Carolina, July 1863
George Hamilton Perkins to Susan G. Perkins, July 29, 1863
Fighting on the Mississippi: Louisiana, July 1863
Charles B. Haydon: Journal, July 11, 1863
“I must die very soon”: Mississippi, July 1863
John Hay: Diary, July 11–15, 1863
“The Prest was deeply grieved”: Washington, D.C., July 1863
Abraham Lincoln to Ulysses S. Grant, July 13, 1863
Acknowledging a Victory: Washington, D.C., July 1863
Abraham Lincoln to George G. Meade, July 14, 1863
“Your golden opportunity is gone”: Washington, D.C., July 1863
Samuel Pickens: Diary, July 14, 1863
Crossing the Potomac: Maryland and West Virginia, July 1863
George Templeton Strong: Diary, July 13–17, 1863
The Draft Riots: New York, July 1863
Emma Holmes: Diary, July 16–19, 1863
Battle of Charleston Harbor: South Carolina, July 1863
Walter H. Taylor to Richard Taylor, July 17, 1863
“We crippled them severely”: Virginia, July 1863
James Henry Gooding to the New Bedford Mercury, July 20, 1863
Battle of Fort Wagner: South Carolina, July 1863
Lewis Douglass to Amelia Loguen, July 20, 1863
“Not a man flinched”: South Carolina, July 1863
Charlotte Forten: Journal, July 20–24, 1863
Mourning Colonel Shaw: South Carolina, July 1863
Maria Lydig Daly: Diary, July 23, 1863
“Four days of great anxiety”: New York, July 1863
Herman Melville: The House-top
“The Atheist roar of riot”: New York, July 1863
Henry Adams to Charles Francis Adams Jr., July 23, 1863
News of Victory: London, July 1863
George G. Meade to Henry W. Halleck, July 31, 1863
Justifying a Decision: Virginia, July 1863
Robert E. Lee to Jefferson Davis, July 31, 1863
“I am alone to blame”: Virginia, July 1863
Hannah Johnson to Abraham Lincoln, July 31, 1863
“What is right”: New York, July 1863
Frederick Douglass to George L. Stearns, August 1, 1863
Refusing to Recruit: New York, August 1863
Frederick Douglass: The Commander-in-Chief and His Black Soldiers, August 1863
Demanding Retaliation: New York, August 1863
Walt Whitman to Lewis Kirk Brown, August 1, 11, and 15, 1863
Visiting the Wounded: Washington, D.C., August 1863
George E. Stephens to the Weekly Anglo-African, August 7, 1863
Demanding Equal Pay: South Carolina, August 1863
Robert E. Lee to Jefferson Davis, August 8, 1863
An Offer to Resign: Virginia, August 1863
Jefferson Davis to Robert E. Lee, August 11, 1863
Refusing a Resignation: Virginia, August 1863
Wilbur Fisk to The Green Mountain Freeman, August 10, 1863
Pillaging Wood: Virginia, August 1863
Frederick Douglass to George L. Stearns, August 12, 1863
Meeting the President: Washington, D.C., August 1863
William H. Neblett to Elizabeth Scott Neblett, August 18, 1863
Demoralization at Galveston: Texas, August 1863
Richard Cordley: Narrative of the Lawrence Massacre
“Such a scene of horror”: Kansas, August 1863
Ulysses S. Grant to Abraham Lincoln, August 23, 1863
The Impact of Black Troops: Illinois, August 1863
Jonathan Worth to Jesse G. Henshaw, August 24, 1863
Peace Meetings: North Carolina, August 1863
John M. Schofield to Thomas Ewing Jr., August 25, 1863
“The most radical remedy”: Missouri, August 1863
Abraham Lincoln to James C. Conkling, August 26, 1863
Emancipation and Black Soldiers: Washington, D.C., August 1863
Ulysses S. Grant to Elihu B. Washburne, August 30, 1863
“Slavery is already dead”: Mississippi, August 1863
Charles Francis Adams to Lord Russell, September 5, 1863
The Laird Rams: London, September 1863
Charles C. Jones Jr. to Mary Jones, September 6 and 9, 1863
The Siege of Charleston: South Carolina, September 1863
Raphael Semmes: Journal, September 16–24, 1863
The Raider Alabama: Cape Colony, September 1863
William T. Sherman to Henry W. Halleck, September 17, 1863
Reconstruction: Mississippi, September 1863
William W. Heartsill: Journal, September 17–28, 1863
Battle of Chickamauga: Georgia, September 1863
John S. Jackman: Diary, September 18–21, 1863
“Lying so thick over the field”: Georgia, September 1863
Kate Cumming: Journal, September 28–October 1, 1863
“The nameless dead”: Georgia, September-October 1863
Jefferson Davis: Speech at Missionary Ridge, October 10, 1863
Tennessee, October 1863
Oliver W. Norton to Elizabeth Norton Poss, October 15, 1863
Becoming an Officer: Washington, D.C., October 1863
Jefferson Davis: Speech at Wilmington, November 5, 1863
North Carolina, November 1863
Walter H. Taylor to Bettie Saunders, November 15, 1863
“We have no fears”: Virginia, November 1863
Cornelia Hancock to an Unknown Correspondent, November 15, 1863
Contraband Hospital: Washington, D.C., November 1863
John Hay: Diary, November 18–19, 1863
A Trip to Gettysburg: Pennsylvania, November 1863
Abraham Lincoln: Address at Gettysburg, November 19, 1863
Pennsylvania, November 1863
Petition from the Colored Citizens of Beaufort, November 20, 1863
Protesting Impressment: North Carolina, November 1863
William Wrenshall Smith: Journal, November 13–25, 1863
Battle of Chattanooga: Tennessee, November 1863
Montgomery C. Meigs: Journal, November 23–25, 1863
“Wild with excitement”: Tennessee, November 1863
James A. Connolly to Mary Dunn Connolly, November 26 and December 7, 1863
“The grandest sight I ever saw”: Tennessee and Georgia, November 1863
Theodore Lyman: Journal, November 26–December 2, 1863
The Mine Run Campaign: Virginia, November–December 1863
Wilbur Fisk to The Green Mountain Freeman, November 29 and December 8, 1863
A Soldier at Mine Run: Virginia, November–December 1863
George G. Meade to Margaret Meade, December 2 and 7, 1863
“My conscience is clear”: Virginia, December 1863
Frederick Douglass: Our Work Is Not Done, December 4, 1863
“Every free man a voter”: Pennsylvania, December 1863
Abraham Lincoln: Annual Message to Congress, December 8, 1863
Washington, D.C., December 1863
Abraham Lincoln: Proclamation of Amnesty and Reconstruction, December 8, 1863
Washington, D.C., December 1863
George Templeton Strong: Diary, December 11–13, 1863
Subduing the South: New York, December 1863
Catherine Edmondston: Diary, December 11, 1863
“One misfortune follows another”: North Carolina, December 1863
Mary Chesnut: Diary, January 1, 1864
“God help my country”: Virginia, January 1864
Judith W. McGuire: Diary, January 1, 1864
“And yet we must go on”: Virginia, January 1864
Patrick R. Cleburne: Memorandum on Emancipation and Enlisting Black Soldiers, January 2, 1864
Sacrificing Slavery: Georgia, January 1864
William T. Sherman to Roswell M. Sawyer, January 31, 1864
“They have appealed to War”: Mississippi, January 1864
Lois Bryan Adams to the Detroit Advertiser and Tribune, February 8 and 23, 1864
Meeting “Father Abraham”: Washington, D.C., February 1864
Francis J. Higginson to John A. Dahlgren, February 18, 1864
Sinking of the Housatonic: South Carolina, February 1864
James H. Tomb: Notes on the H. L. Hunley, January 1865
A Submarine Torpedo Boat: South Carolina, October 1863–February 1864
Judith W. McGuire: Diary, February 28, 1864
A Soldier’s Widow: Virginia, February 1864
John Paris: Sermon Preached at Kinston, February 28, 1864
Hanging Deserters: North Carolina, February 1864
Oliver W. Norton to Elizabeth Norton Poss, February 29, 1864
Battle of Olustee: Florida, February 1864
John B. Jones: Diary, March 1–2 and 5, 1864
The Kilpatrick-Dahlgren Raid: Virginia, March 1864
Ulysses S. Grant to William T. Sherman, March 4, 1864
Summoned to Washington: Tennessee, March 1864
William T. Sherman to Ulysses S. Grant, March 10, 1864
“Come out West”: Tennessee, March 1864