A
Aalaav, 213
Aboriginal tribes, 61, 210, 211, 238
Abortifacient, 99
Abortion, 217, 220, 229, 245, 257
Abrus precatorius, 109, 212, 216, 239, 320, 359, 366
Acacia, 62, 64, 68, 78, 79, 81, 82, 109, 187, 211, 216, 239, 321, 356–359, 366
Academic ethnobotany, 272
Accountability, 59
Adiantum,
phillippense, 62
Administrative districts, 28
Aegle marmelos, 110, 187, 216, 321
African tribes, 281
Agarsita, 81
Ageratum conyzoides, 108, 110, 171, 184, 187, 216, 366
Agricultural,
crops, 210
Recession, 41
sustainability, 48
technologies, 8
Agro,
chemicals, 278
ecological, 58
ecosystem, 41
Agroforestry, 35, 36, 44–48, 50, 101, 167
Agro-industries, 278
Agronomical, 45
Ailments, 9, 94, 98–108, 182, 183, 186, 234, 250, 255, 257, 259–261, 304, 344, 335
Alamus andamanicus, 214
Alangium salvifolium, 322
Albizzia,
odoratissima, 165
procera, 165
Alcoholic,
beverage, 57, 75–77, 79–82, 86, 88
drinks, 75
Alcoholic ethnic foods, 71
Alkaloids, 94, 281, 322, 330, 358
Alleppey turmeric, 294
Allium, 63, 78, 111, 187, 253, 322
Alluvial plains, 97
Aloysia gratissima, 283
Aluminum vessels, 213
buchu, 213
Ammonification, 40
Amomum dealbatum, 62
Amylase, 331
Ancient literature, 94, 95, 280
Ancistrocladus korupensis, 281
Andaman and Nicobar Islands, 1, 3–5, 9, 10, 12, 17, 60, 61, 178, 183, 186, 203, 208, 210, 211, 213, 215, 234, 238, 298
Andrographis paniculata, 113, 320, 321, 323
Andrographolide, 323
Angami, 6, 19, 20, 25, 26, 63, 74, 77, 84, 105, 108, 253, 260
Animal,
feeds, 61
Animism, 6
Annesia fragrans, 102
Anodendronpaniculatum, 211, 217, 235, 245
Pressure, 277
training, 271
Anthropologists, 238
Anthropology, 271
Anticancer/anticough/antifever, 102
Antidandruff effects, 306
Antidiabetic, 12, 102, 103, 115, 120, 125, 131, 139, 309, 318–322, 324, 326, 327, 331–333, 335, 337, 340, 342, 343, 345
activity, 103, 318, 319, 324, 327, 331, 332, 340, 345
Anti-diarrheal, 102
Antifungal, 305
Anti-fungal properties, 251
Antihyperglycemic,
action, 326
activity, 324
Antihypertensive, 102
Anti-inflammatory, 100, 229, 304–307, 309
properties, 100
Anti-jaundice plants, 98
Antimalarial,
compound, 279
plants, 108
therapies, 254
Antimutagen, 305
Antioxidant property, 181
Antiparasitic, 305
Antiseptic, 124, 128, 132, 136, 145, 259, 308, 356
Apatanis, 50
Archaeological evidence, 180
Areca catechu L. (Betel palm), 5, 113, 188, 218, 323, 356
Arecaceae, 165, 168, 239, 240, 242, 323, 326
Arisaema leschenaulti, 62
Arnam Kethe, 71
resin, 245
Arora, 61
Artabotrys speciosus, 214, 239
Artemisia annua L, 96
Arthritis, 104, 107, 110, 131, 138, 145, 197, 223, 257, 260, 308
Artocarpus chaplasha, 214
Artocarpus heterophyllus, 62, 78, 79, 114, 166, 167, 188, 324, 366
Artocarpus lakoocha, 214
Arunachal Pradesh, 4, 6, 15, 17, 19, 24, 25, 30, 31, 35, 36, 38, 42, 61–63, 71, 76, 82, 97, 100–104, 168, 170, 171, 183, 186, 249, 252, 253, 255, 256
Asparagus racemosus, 108, 114, 189, 324
Assam, 4, 15, 17–19, 24–26, 28, 29, 31, 55, 63, 64, 69, 73, 80–83, 85, 86, 93, 98–104, 106–108, 150, 168, 177, 181–183, 186, 207, 249, 252–255, 323
Asteraceae family, 183
Astringent, 133, 186, 216, 305, 344
Atherogenesis, 319
Atingba/Yu, 80
Austro-Asiatic, 6, 15, 17, 18, 215
Ayurveda, 100, 180, 181, 186, 294, 304, 305, 318, 319, 358
Ayurvedic drug company, 280
B
Baccahris articulata, 283
Baccaurea ramiflora, 114, 214, 239
Baccharis crispa, 283
Baiga tribes, 323
Baisakhi, 31
Baked products, 307
Bakhor, 81
Balms, 307
Balphakrah Wildlife Sanctuary, 98
Bamboo, 20, 27, 30, 38–40, 43, 48, 62, 66–68, 70–75, 80–86, 165, 167, 173, 210, 215
communities, 167
containers, 30
cups, 84
thickets, 38
Bambusa spp, 62
Bambusa tulda, 62, 115, 171, 189
Banana, 68, 69, 72, 73, 80, 82, 85, 86, 244, 307
Barringtonia asiatica, 212, 218, 235, 239
Bejas/Bejins, 99
Belphuar tree, 72
Berberis aristata DC, 115, 325
Beverages, 10, 63, 71, 75, 76, 80, 83, 173, 307
Beyul Demojong, 30
hidden valley of rice, 30
Bhoot jolokia, 85
Big momos, 86
Biguanides, 319
Bio-amelioration, 48
Biodiversity, 5, 7, 39, 43, 56–59, 61, 93, 97, 106, 108, 164, 210, 244, 249–252, 257, 260, 262, 280
Bioinformatics revolution, 10
Biological,
compounds, 178
diversity, 8, 38, 56, 97, 103, 179, 284, 309
invasions, 38
traits, 18
Biomolecules, 273
Biophytum sensitivum, 325
Bioprospecting, 7, 8, 10, 11, 270, 273, 275, 278–281, 285, 286
Bioresources, 186, 281, 282, 285
Biscuits, 307
Bisdemethoxycurcumin, 299
Blood purifier, 113, 129, 136, 305
Blood thinning medications, 309
Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN), 326
Bodo tribes, 19
Boiling process/boils, 112, 114, 115, 124, 131, 141, 148, 149, 217, 220, 223, 226, 229, 230, 232, 257, 299, 305
Boric acid, 308
Botanical,
Botanical Survey of India, 214
Botanical training, 271
Botanist, 283
Botano-chemicals, 164
Brahmaputra, 3, 4, 29, 97, 98, 99, 252
Brewing, 75
British Pharmacopoeia (BP), 15, 17, 185
Broad implementation, 44
Brucia javanica L.,, 325
Buddhist monasteries, 171
Burns, 118, 122, 132, 226, 257
C
Curcuma,
auriculata, 327
collina, 168
erectus, 168
flagellum, 168
floribundus, 168
guruba, 168
inermis, 168
kwangsiensis, 298
latifolius, 168
leptospadix, 168
longa, 11, 169, 296, 297, 299, 300–302, 331
malabarica, 298
ochrorhiza, 298
pierreana, 298
tenuis, 168
zedoaria, 297, 298, 300, 301, 303
Caatinga vegetation, 282
Caesalpinia bonducella (L.) Fleming Bonduc nut (Cesalpinaceae), 326
Calamoideae, 168
Calamus tenuis, 103
Calculus formation, 355
Canarium euphyllum, 219, 235, 245
Cane strips, 215
Canna indica L, 326
Capparis jacobinae, 282
Car Nicobar Island, 234
Caraway seeds, 304
Cardiac glycosides, 280
Cardiovascular diseases, 11
Carica papaya, 118, 190, 211, 240, 245, 326, 361, 366
Carthamus tinctorius L, 169
Cassia,
podocarpa, 281
Castanopsis indica, 172
Caucasoid, 18
Cedrela odorata L, 282
Celastrus stylosa, 5
Cephalostachyum capitatum, 62
Chamdo region of Tibet, 27
Chemical drugs, 184
Chemoprospecting, 278
Chewing stems, 238
Child birth, 98, 144, 218, 225, 257
Chilies, 66, 67, 72, 73, 85, 86
Chinampa cultivation, 42
Chinese medicinal system, 304
Choko/Jonga-mod, 81
Cholagogue, 305
Cholera, 98, 119, 128, 131, 138, 143, 217, 219, 257
Chromosomal aberrations, 181
Chronic,
cough, 304
diseases, 8
Chutneys, 306
Cinchona officinalis, 95
Cissus quadrangularis, 120, 186, 191
Citation richness (CR), 276, 277, 278
Civilization, 96, 100, 180, 215, 256, 271
Clerodendron,
odoratum, 169
colebrookianum, 102
Climate fluctuation, 56
Clinical,
practice, 250
Coffee based agroforestry, 47
Colonial rule, 210
Coloring agent, 11
Coloring butter, 306
Colquhounia coccínea, 256
Compact mass, 299
Conceptual reorientation, 272
Concerted multidisciplinary, 88
Consensus, 270, 275, 276, 284, 286
Conservation, 31, 43, 45–47, 56–58, 88, 95, 96, 103, 166, 178, 185, 212, 250, 254–258, 270, 273, 275, 277, 278, 280, 282, 285, 286
priority index (CPI), 270, 277, 282–285
Constipation, 107, 119, 132, 135, 138–140, 143, 148, 150, 190, 192, 194, 196, 197, 200, 229, 230, 257
Construction materials, 40, 61
Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), 279, 280
Conventional crops, 88
Coral bedded sea, 245
Cordial, 305
Cortical,
meristeles, 299
vascular bundles, 299
Cosmetics, 11, 270, 278, 286, 301, 307
uses, 307
Cottage cheese, 86
Cough, 107, 109, 110, 112–116, 120, 121, 124, 127–136, 138, 139–142, 145–149, 182, 187, 189, 194–198, 219, 221–223, 226, 230, 231, 233, 257, 261, 306
Cow therapy, 181
Crafts and furniture, 20
Crateva magna, 330
Creatinine, 336
Crocodile hunting, 244
Crop,
diversity, 18
Croton,
rhamnifolius, 282
tiglium, 171
Cuisines, 244
Culinary methods, 55, 56, 60, 66, 68, 84
food products, 66
Cultic dish, 305
Cultural Agreement Index (CAI), 277, 285
Cultural,
continuity, 58
diversity, 18, 59, 60, 103, 252
elements, 57
Cumbersome processes, 244
Curative properties, 94, 96, 102
Curcuma, 11, 64, 69, 71, 123, 124, 169, 192, 194, 196, 222, 294–302, 308, 330
Curcumin, 294, 299, 300, 305, 306, 308, 309
Curcuminoids, 11, 299, 301, 302, 306, 308, 309
Cured rhizome, 298
Curry,
paste, 307
powders, 306
Cuscuta reflexa, 103, 124, 222
Customary laws, 254
Cyclosorus extensus, 78, 171, 172
D
Daemonorops jenkinsianus, 168
Dairy products, 307
Darjeeling Himalayas, 104, 260, 320, 322, 324–330, 333–344
Darlong community, 261
dasain, 31
Data acquisition, 60
Data,
compilations, 272
information, 258
Dead tissue decomposition, 41
Debang Biosphere Reserve, 63, 101
Decentralization, 42
Decision-makers, 59
Decoction, 320–325, 328–330, 333, 334, 336, 338, 340–344, 359–362, 365, 366, 368
Deep ravines, 29
Defensive protection, 250, 251
Degree of attention (DA), 277, 278
Demarcation, 17
Demethoxycurcumin, 299
Demineralize, 355
Dental,
pathologies, 359
problems, 2, 12, 354, 355, 358
therapeutic applications, 368
Deori,
ethnic group, 76
tribe, 254
Derris scandens, 172
Detergent, 305
Detrimental effects, 36
Dexamethasone administered rats, 322
Dhemaji district, 29, 104, 182, 255
Diabetes mellitus (DM), 11, 181, 318–321, 325, 327, 338, 343, 345
Diabetic treatment, 318, 320, 323, 327
Dibang valley, 25
Dietary, 56, 60, 86, 102, 238, 244, 354
taboos, 56
Digestive properties, 186, 294
Digitalis purpurea, 280
Digitoxin, 280
Digoxin, 280
Dillenia, 68, 103, 108, 125, 167, 192
Dilution, 87
Diminution, 334
Diocorea alata, 62
Dioscorea,
vexans, 214
Diospyros andamanica, 214, 240
Diphenylalkanoids, 299
Diphenylheptanoids, 299
Diplazium esculentum, 103
Dipterocarpaceae, 39, 357, 361
Shorea robusta, 357
Direct compression tablets, 307
Disintensification, 42
Dissemination, 185
Diuretic, 131, 220, 223, 227, 305, 325
Diverse,
ethnicity, 17
stakeholders, 10
Diversitiesethnic, 86
Diversity, 1, 15, 62, 63, 207, 239
Documentation, 2, 10, 11, 12, 48, 60, 87, 94, 95, 96, 98, 105, 167, 179, 249, 250, 251, 255, 262, 272, 369
Draft animals, 9
Dravidian, 17
Dried bamboo, 73
Drug,
Dual heath care, 256
Duggirala turmeric, 294
Dugong dugon, 245
Dugout canoe making, 211
Dupka community, 105
Dye,
dyeing wool, 307
producing plants, 164
yielding plants, 169, 173, 256
Dyslipidemia, 337
Dysoxylum procerum, 62
E
Earthen,
containers, 75
pitcher, 81
East Khasi hills, 100
Eastern Himalayas, 4, 61, 97, 102, 105, 252, 258
Eco-friendly methods, 44
Ecological tools, 283
Economic,
constraints, 44
potential, 62
social compulsion, 26
Eco-sustainable model, 36, 48, 50
Edible flowers, 63
Edible plants, 60–62, 104, 165, 212, 238, 250, 253, 255, 262, 271
Efficacy, 12, 103, 185, 250, 320, 345, 355
Electronic storage, 10
Eleusine corocana, 76
Emblica officinalis, 47, 62, 127, 140, 165, 166, 308, 332
Empirical evidence, 58
Encroachment, 87
Endangered,
orchids, 47
Endemic plants, 5
Endemism, 62
Endogamous groups, 17
Endogamy, 15
Endogenous institutions, 59
Environmental,
management, 95
stress, 88
Ephedrine, 280
Ephemeral fever, 183
Epilepsy, 98, 120, 149, 225, 232
Ergometrine, 280
Eryngium foetidum, 244
Ethanolic extract (turmeric), 305, 324, 330, 332, 336, 337, 340, 342
Ethnic,
beverages, 75
Communities, 6–9, 15, 25, 27, 28, 30, 72, 84, 102, 106, 164, 179, 285, 318, 355
diversity, 2, 5, 6, 8, 12, 18, 30, 31, 86
foods, 55–61, 66, 67, 84, 86–88, 181, 208, 238
plants, 61
diversity, 61
languages, 31
linguistic, 8
people, 60, 95, 103, 208, 262, 320, 369
plants, 88
racial groups, 17
richness, 18
tapestry, 18
traditional knowledge, 11
tribes, 5, 63, 67, 98, 99, 107, 108, 165, 208, 250, 253, 322–329, 331, 332–336, 338–344, 355
Ethnicity, 26, 28, 36, 57, 58, 167, 210
Ethno, 7, 11, 12, 26, 36, 49, 101, 107, 166, 178, 182, 183, 256, 257, 259, 261, 275, 278, 281, 282
Ethno documentation, 12
Ethnoagriculture, 2, 7, 35, 36, 41, 49, 50
Ethnobiological studies, 274
Ethnobiologists, 282
Ethnobotanical,
appraisal, 254
claims, 270
data techniques, 274
information, 10, 96, 103, 105, 238, 270
knowledge, 2, 6, 10, 249, 250, 262, 282, 284, 318
phytoresources, 285
profile, 234
research, 10, 252, 253, 255, 270–275, 277, 281–286
studies, 60, 97, 99, 102–104, 250, 260, 284
Ethnobotanicity index (EI), 285
Ethnobotanists, 10, 12, 270, 272, 277, 279, 283, 284
Ethnobotany, 2, 8, 10, 12, 60, 61, 88, 95, 98, 101, 105, 108, 164, 165, 171, 179, 238, 245, 253, 262, 269–273, 277, 281–286, 293–295, 310, 355
Ethnodirected approaches, 281
Ethnoecology, 36, 50, 270, 285
Ethnographic component, 369
Ethnography, 368
Ethnomedical,
experts, 12
Ethnomedicinal,
diversity, 94
plants, 2, 94, 98, 100–102, 105, 106–108, 151, 165, 182, 234, 245, 250, 252, 258–261, 275, 278, 345
practices, 102
survey, 257
utility, 100
Ethnomedicine, 97, 99, 164, 165, 279, 283, 368
Ethnopharmacological, 255
Ethnosciences, 178
Ethnoveterinary, 2, 7, 9, 11, 178, 179, 181, 182, 183, 184, 185, 186, 203
medicine, 179, 181, 183, 184, 185
medicinal plants, 183
Ethnoveterinary practices (EVP), 9, 178, 181, 182, 183
Ethnozoology, 179
Eupatorium nodiflorum, 102, 128
Euptelia, 5
European Patent Office (EPO), 251
Exploitation, 11, 40, 60, 186, 281
F
Facial,
hair, 307
Proximity, 24
Factor of informant consensus (FIC), 275, 284
Family influence, 256
Fenugreek, 343
Fermentation, 57, 67, 72, 73, 77, 76, 80–84, 86, 87
technologies, 57
Fermented,
beans, 72
millet, 30
Fertile plains, 26
Fertility restoration capacity, 36
Festive occasions, 254
Fiber yielding,
plants, 164
properties, 256
Ficus, 73, 129, 167, 193, 194, 211, 214, 224, 236, 240, 241, 254, 332, 333, 356, 357, 361, 362, 366
benghalensis L: Banyan tree (Moraceae), 332
Fidelity level (FL), 275, 276, 284
Fishing technology, 245
Fistula, 118, 190, 259, 304, 327
Flavonoids, 94, 96, 179, 299, 322, 330
Flavonol compound, 299
Flavoring,
agent, 303
purpose, 307
Flemingea strobilifera, 108
Flora, 2, 4, 10, 31, 95, 97, 105, 168, 212, 250, 256, 277, 282, 285, 355
Faunal diversity, 17
Flossing, 356
Flotsam, 214
Folk,
medical systems, 11
medicine, 99, 234, 254, 257, 298, 303, 305, 325, 327
Folklore claim, 333
Folkloric treatment, 104
Folkloristic significance, 95
Food additives, 278
Food and Agricultural,
Food,
applications, 306
flavoring, 293
plants, 7, 8, 10, 12, 55–57, 60–63, 87, 88, 212, 238, 255
practices, 58
systems, 7, 8, 56–60, 84, 87, 88, 178, 211
Fungus-infested balls, 83
G
Garcinia,
kola, 281
xanthochymus, 169
Gastrointestinal, 106, 115, 126, 131, 146
ailments, 106
Gelatin capsules, 307
Gelatinized lumps, 298
Gelatins, 307
Genetic,
disorder, 319
potential, 47
Germplasm, 42
Ginger based agroforestry system, 47
Ginsenodies, 96
Glaphylopteriosis erubescens, 73
Global,
consumers, 172
ecosystem, 5
level, 164
perspective, 286
Glucose absorption, 326
Gompas, 30
Grain maturity stage, 43
Grazing, 40
Great Andamanese, 6, 171, 208, 210–212, 238–243, 245
Gymnema sylvestre, 308, 320, 323, 330, 333
Gymnocladus assamicus, 184
Gynocardia odorata, 130, 171, 334, 362
H
Hajong community, 103
Haldi, 294
Hangla, 80
Ha-un (Andaman pig), 186
Hawaizaar (ethnic food), 64, 72
Health,
care,
needs, 258
practice, 178
Heart burn, 304
Heartwood, 340
Hedeoma multiflora,, 283
Hedgerow cropping,, 47
Hedychium coronarium Koenig,, 4, 130
Helicteres isora, 334
Hemorrhages, 98
Hemostatic, 122, 123, 135, 141, 305
Hepatic cells, 335
Hepatoprotective, 99, 106, 280, 305
Herbal,
formulations, 345
medicinal remedies, 252
medicine,, 43, 101, 184, 261, 262, 270
mixtures,, 306
practices, 186
Herbalists, 320
Herbarium curator, 283
Herbomineral formulation, 308
Hexokinase, 343
Hibiscus, 64, 65, 68, 70, 130, 171, 194, 225, 241, 244, 245, 334, 356
Sabdariffa, 64, 65, 68, 70, 130, 194, 244
High,
blood pressure control, 257
demographic growth, 38
intensity sweetener, 281
yield crops, 8
Him duk/Sang aduk, 68
Himalayan bear, 172
Himalayas flowers, 326
Hmar tribal, 6, 18, 19, 21, 27, 28, 64, 73, 107
Holud/haldi, 294
Homalanthus nutans, 280
Homemade jaggery, 69
Homeostasis, 319
Homogeneity, 276
Hor, 81
Horis, 215
Human,
civilization, 95
immunodeficiency virus (HIV), 280, 305, 306
Humankind, 293
Hypoglycemic effect, 321, 322, 325, 329, 334, 338, 342
Hypolipidemic, 305, 323, 329, 340
Hyponidd, 308
Hypotensive drug, 309
Hypothetical growth model, 41
I
Ibuprofen, 309
Ichnocarpus frutescens, 108, 225
Immature fruits, 244
Balsamina, 108
Imperata cylindrica, 40, 131, 335
Importance value index, 275, 277
Incantations, 75
Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), 48
Indian,
government, 251
linguistic groups, 17
Pharmacopoeia, 185
Population, 18
Scenario, 286
Indices (quantitative/statistical), 270, 272, 275, 277, 284, 286
Indigenous,
beverages, 75
Community, 258
Dugouts, 215
knowledge, 57, 63, 88, 95, 105, 107, 108, 172, 179, 181, 256, 258, 260
people, 57–61, 66, 95, 238, 255, 279, 282
protocols, 76
Indigestion, 107, 109–112, 117, 120, 127, 131, 137, 138, 141, 146, 149, 187, 191, 197, 198, 257
Indigofera tinctoria, 169, 367
Indo-Burma, 61, 102, 164, 166, 172, 252, 257, 259
language speakers, 17
Indogangetic plains, 2
Indo-Myanmarese Range, 3
Induced diabetic rats, 321, 324, 326, 327, 332, 334, 337, 340–342
Industrialization, 96
Inflamed joints, 305
Influenza, 124, 135, 150, 233, 257
Informants, 257, 270, 274, 276
Inhabitants, 19, 25, 26, 29, 81, 97, 213, 215, 234, 244, 343
Inhospitable terrians, 256
Insulin,
deficiency, 319
Gene, 11
Insulin-sensitizing activity, 334
Intellectual property, 88
Intoxicants, 185
Investigators, 97
Ipomoea batata, 131, 172, 194, 335
Irregular menstruation, 135, 140, 254, 257
J
Jaintia,
tribes, 258
Jantias, 29
Jarawas, 6, 208, 210, 213, 214, 238
Jaundice, 98, 104, 107, 111, 113–115, 117–121, 127, 133, 137, 139, 140, 148, 218, 219, 229, 233, 255, 257, 259–261, 304, 305
Jeopardizing, 59
Jhoom,
Jhum,
ecosystems, 8
system, 41
Jonai sub-division, 182
Jonga, 81
Jou, 81
Julocroton argenteus, 283
Jungle-clad ridges, 29
Justicia comata, 169
K
Kacha Naga, 27
Kalanchoepinnata, 336
Kameng district, 25
Kamrup district, 254
Kangchendzonga, 30
Karbi,
Karbi-Anglong district, 19, 29
Karbis, 19, 68–71, 81, 85, 252
Karnataka, 207, 294, 295, 297, 298, 353
Khaimungan, 25
Khangchendzonga Biosphere Reserve, 100, 182
Khariff season, 210
Khasis, 17, 19, 28–30, 76, 99, 186
Kiad, 82
Khawiang, 82
Kitchen garden plants, 62
Kokrajhar districts, 29
Kolaviron, 281
Kom tribe, 182
Komba, 244
Ksharasoothra, 304
Kuki-Chin-Mizo, 26
Kum dye, 170
Kurkum, 294
L
Lactuca gracilis, 103
Lake Texcoco, 41
Lalramnghinglova, 62, 102, 125, 164, 187, 200, 259
Lamiaceae, 255, 338, 341, 362, 367
Land use systems, 36, 44, 45, 48
Langpong, 73
Leaf trace bundles, 299
Leech therapy, 304
Legitimacy, 59
Lekok, 186
Lepcha dances, 30
Lepidocaryoideae, 168
Leprosy, 98, 113, 119, 138, 220, 304, 305, 344
Leucorrhea, 254
Life-saving drugs, 273
Lipid reduction, 306
Lippia turbinata, 283
Litchumsu, 84
Literacy rate, 28
Livestock,
health management, 203
Owners, 179
Local conservation priority index (LCPI), 270, 277, 278, 282, 285, 286
Local,
development, 88
Economy, 46
Inhabitants, 282
Level Conservation of Phytoresources Employing, 282
liquor, 82
Locality, 87, 276, 277, 282, 283
Lohit district of Arunachal Pradesh, 25, 103
M
Machilus gamblei, 169
Macrophages, 181
Maibra joubishi, 82
Makar Sankranti, 31
Malaxis acuminata, 5
Malevolent spirits, 212
Malnutrition, 8
Mangifera,
indica, 62, 134, 195, 211, 242, 336, 356, 357, 362
Mannihot esculenta, 172
Manthu, 68
Marine products, 244
Marsdenia tinctoria, 169
Masala mixtures, 307
Materialistic life, 87
Matha joubishi, 82
Maththi, 244
Matriarchal law of inheritance, 29
Maturant, 305
Mautam, 62
Mechanical soil, 45
Medicinal,
folklore, 280
parts, 261
plants, 7, 8, 10, 12, 43, 47, 63, 97–108, 182–186, 250, 254–262, 318–320
cultivation, 47
purposes, 93–95, 101, 294, 318, 323
uses, 98, 107, 234, 257, 259, 294, 305, 310
Medicine, 10, 57, 63, 94–96, 98, 100, 103, 104, 107, 178–185, 208, 215, 234, 250, 251, 255–257, 259, 261, 275, 294, 298, 303–305, 318, 369
Meghalaya, 3, 4, 6, 15, 17, 19, 24, 28, 30, 32, 38, 40, 48, 61–63, 69, 73, 74, 82, 84–86, 98–100, 107, 165, 166, 168, 171, 186, 249, 252, 253, 258, 259
Meitei,
community, 72–74, 107, 257, 320, 321, 327, 329, 343
Meliosma simplifolia, 254
Melocana bambosoides, 62
Melocanna baccifera, 62
Menstruation problems, 104, 255
Mental yoga, 180
Metabolic diseases, 11
Methai community, 26
Methodological tools, 284
Methods of preparation, 7, 56, 104, 259
Michelia oblonga, 48
Microbial,
growth, 86
Strains, 355
Microscopical characters, 294
Millingtonia hortensis, 103, 227
Minthostachys mollis, 283
Mishing,
people, 80
Mizo Tribe, 28
Mizoram, 4, 15, 17, 19, 24, 32, 35, 37, 38, 45, 47, 49, 62, 72, 99–101, 163, 165, 173, 182, 250, 252, 253, 259
Modern medications, 256
Molar basis, 281
Molded mass, 76
Molecular interactions, 345
Molecules of medicinal importance, 8
Mollusk, 213
Momordica charantia, 136, 196, 227, 308, 337, 367
Mompa tribe, 25
Mongoloid, 17, 18, 31, 211, 215, 234
Mongoloid,
aborigines, 215
racial stock, 18
Mon-Khmer family, 29
Monoterpenes, 299
Morinda angustifolia, 169
Moringa oleífera, 136, 196, 244, 337, 363
Mouth ulcers, 114, 147, 366–369
Mucus production, 41
Multipronged stick, 170
Muruku, 244
Musa, 62–64, 69, 72, 76, 85, 137, 184, 196, 211, 242, 244, 338
Balbisiana, 64
Paradiasica, 62
N
Nagaland, 4, 6, 15, 17, 19, 24–26, 32, 38, 46, 82, 84, 85, 98, 101, 102, 105–108, 164, 168, 186, 250, 252, 253, 259, 260
Nagbeli, 325
National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources (NBPGR), 4
Natural,
communities, 39
Compounds, 94
Ecosystems, 47
Products, 94, 172, 270, 280, 281, 286, 318
Natural resource management, 44, 57
Naturalness rank, 277
Negrito, 17, 210, 211, 213, 214, 234
Negrito stock, 210
Nematicidal activities, 106
Nempo, 69
Nepalese, 30
Nicobarese, 6, 17, 183, 208, 215, 234
Nicotiana tabacum, 137, 186, 196
Nidzurku Hills, 26
Nitrogen cycle, 41
N-mineralization, 40
Nogin Apong, 80
Non Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus (NIDDM), 319, 344
Non-alcoholic foods, 71
Non-fermented ethnic foods, 67
Non-timber forest produce (NTFP), 164
Non-tuberous species, 295
North East India, 1, 3, 4–6, 8–10, 17–19, 25, 31, 33, 35, 36, 48, 49, 55, 94, 97–99, 101–106, 108, 109, 151, 163, 164, 167, 169, 182, 249, 251, 262, 327, 328, 341
Northeast region, 252
Nutraceuticals, 8, 58, 255, 270, 286
Nutrient cycling, 48, 164, 167
Nutritional,
Importance, 281
Profiles, 87
Nypa fruticans, 211, 228, 237, 242
O
Ocimum gratissimum, 71, 108, 138, 196
Onge shelters, 212
Onges, 6, 208, 210, 212, 239–243, 245
Onlawangkhrai, 85
Opo, 82
Opoh, 80
Opop, 83
Oral,
administration, 326, 329, 330, 332, 342
Compositions, 308
dental hygiene, 12
Orchidaceae, 39
Oroxylum indicum, 102, 139, 196, 228, 242, 338
Osomar nempo chori, 69
Oxalis griffithii, 103
Oxygenating agents, 355
P
Psidium,
odaratissimus, 244
Tectorius, 244
Paddy cultivation, 43
Pakora, 244
Palatability, 67
Panax pseudoginseng, 99, 139, 339
Pancreatic beta cells, 321, 322
Pandanus, 5, 66, 211, 212, 215, 228, 237, 242, 305
Leram, 244
Paralysis, 98, 111, 127, 144, 220
Paravachasca valley, 283
Parkia roxburghii, 48, 140, 339
Participatory rural appraisal (PRA), 183, 274
Passiflora caerulea, 283
Pastoralists, 9
yak pastoralists, 170
Peppercorn hairs, 210
Peppery taste, 306
Pericarp, 335
Perpur, 83
Phagocytosis, 181
Phanek, 169
Phap, 81
Pharmaceutical products, 8, 94, 185, 270, 277–279, 286, 307
Pharmacokinetic properties, 319
Pharmacological evidence, 333
Pharmacopoeias, 355
Phenylpropene derivatives, 299
Phlogacanthus thyrsiformis, 108, 257
Phosphoglucoisomerase, 343
Phytochemical screening, 186
Phytochemistry, 12, 278, 294, 295, 310
Phytomedicines, 279
Phytoresources, 270, 273, 275, 278, 281, 285
quantitative ethnobotany, 278
bioprospecting, 278
conservation, 281
Piazu, 84
Pickles, 164, 165, 244, 298, 306
Pilchards, 12
Pinanga manii, 99, 214, 242, 244
Pinus kesiya, 48
Piperr longum, 108
Pisciculture, 43
Plant and bird communities recovery, 39
Plant,
bark decoction, 323
Knowledge, 272
Populations, 258
Specimens, 271
Uptake, 40
Plantago major, 141, 184, 197, 363
Plastic mesh, 84
Plectocomia bractealis, 168
Polyalthia jenkinsii, 212, 237
Polygonum, 68, 142, 171, 172, 197
Polyherbal drug, 321, 322, 327
Pongamia pinnata, 142, 230, 243, 339, 356, 363
Prawn aquaculture, 46
Preparation methods, 56, 61, 208, 238
Primitive angiosperms, 5
Principles of patrilineal descent, 26
Prostratin, 280
Protium serratum, 62
Psidium guajava L,, 78, 142, 197, 243, 340
Pteridophytic flora, 101
Pterocarpus marsupium, 308, 331, 340, 363
Pushpangadan model, 280
Pyrnium pubinerve, 72
Q
Quality use value (QUV), 285
Quantitative,
Ethnobotany, 12, 278, 281, 286
Indices, 270, 272, 275, 282, 284–286
Quenching, 238
Quercus spp, 170
Dealbata, 170
Wallichiana, 170
Quinine, 279
R
Radical, 87
Raja mircha, 85
Raphidophora sp, 68
Rapid rural appraisal(RRA), 274
Rasasastra, 304
Rawolfia serpentina, 95
Reang,
tribe, 105
Reciprocity, 57
Relative cultural importance, 275
Relative density (RD), 277, 278
Relative frequency of citation (RFC), 277, 284
Rengma tribe, 26
Respiratory disorders, 106
Retrieval databases, 10
Rheumatoid arthritis, 306
Rhizome, 109–113, 122, 123, 126, 130–132, 135–137, 140, 143, 148, 150, 187, 189–192, 195, 198, 200, 216, 221, 222, 226, 233, 293, 294, 298–300, 305–307, 322, 330–332, 335, 336, 339, 344, 361, 365
Rhododendron, 4, 105, 143, 170, 171, 197
Rhynchotecum ellipticum, 68
Rice beer preparation, 81, 254
Ritual,
ceremonies, 294
Occasions, 68
Roasted, 62, 66, 239, 240, 326
Root,
decomposition, 40
Root canal treatment, 354
Rubia,
cordifolia, 144, 198, 256, 364
Sikkimensis, 256
Rubus rugossus, 108
Rural,
development, 58
S
Saccharifying agent, 79
Saccharum spontaneum, 103
Safflower, 307
Sakthi worship, 296
Salem turmeric, 295
Sangtam, 23, 25, 108, 253, 260
Sanjivani, 181
Santirbazar subdivision, 261
Sapientum var. simiarum, 211
Sarchoclamys pulcherrima, 254
Schinopsis brasiliensis, 282, 283
Scientific,
discipline, 271
Education, 59
Evaluation, 181
Publications, 180
Scorpion sting, 117, 129, 182, 191, 219
Seafoods, 244
Sema, 6, 19, 23, 25, 26, 105, 253, 260
Semangs, 210
Sensitivity rank, 277
Sentinelese, 208, 210, 214, 215, 238–243
Sesamum orientale, 68, 69, 145
Sesbania sesban L,, 341
Sesquiterpenes, 299
Shephoumaramth Nagas, 99
Shifting agricultural cycle, 46
Shifting agriculture, 36
Shifting cultivation, 36–39, 41, 43–45, 49, 50, 57, 61, 178
Short fallow rotation, 40
Sikkim, 4, 15, 17, 24, 29–32, 47, 62, 64, 72, 84, 86, 98, 100, 103, 165, 168, 171, 182, 186, 250, 252, 253, 260, 320, 322, 324–330, 333–344
Myel Lyang, 29
Sikkimese society, 30
Sing river, 63
Sino-Tibetan language family, 6, 25
Skeleto-muscular disorders, 182
Skin diseases, 104, 107, 257, 260
Slash and burn,
Agroecosystem, 46
System, 38
Small pox, 116, 221, 230, 233, 257, 304
Smoke shield, 308
Smoked, 66
Snuhi, 304
Socio culturalSoibum, 64, 73, 74
Soil,
Fertility, 40, 43, 45, 46, 167
Depletion, 40
hydro-physical behavior, 48
Soil quality index (SQI), 48, 167
Solanaceae, 255, 341, 344, 361, 362, 368
Solanum myriacanthum, 108
Soluble turmeric, 307
Sovereign rights, 280
Spilanthes acmella, 108, 146, 172, 364
Spinacia oleracea L.,, 341
Spiranthes oleracea, 171
Statistical,
Measurements, 283
Stellaria reticulata, 5
Stemona tuberosa, 108
Stimulant, 120, 218, 220, 225, 230, 303, 305
Stir fried, 67
Stomach problems, 114, 140, 304
Streptozotocin, 324, 327, 337, 342
Strobilanthes,
cusia, 170
Flaccidifolia, 170
Stupefying, 171
Subabul, 47
Sub-Himalayan Terai, 63
Submerged alcoholic fermentation, 76
Sulphonylureas, 319
Suppresses thrombosis, 306
Surachi, 81
Sustainable,
development, 164
food-production systems, 36
Swertia chirata, 108, 147, 198, 199
Symbiotic relationship, 37
Systemic interactions, 42
Syzygium cumini, 106, 147, 199, 320, 321, 324, 336, 337, 342, 365, 368
T
Tai-Kadai languages, 6
Taxa, 5, 9, 62, 98, 107, 168, 276, 282, 283
Taxonomist, 283
Techniques, 8, 272, 274, 275, 283, 284
Technological development, 59
Telangana, 207, 293–295, 317, 353
Teohar, 31
Teotihuacan era, 42
Tephrosia candida, 171
Terminali bellirica,, 170
Terminali,
Tethyys Himalaya, 3
Tetracentron, 5
Thalictrum foliolosum, 148, 183, 199
Thanka painting, 30
Thap aphi, 81
Thatch grasslands, 38
Thaumatin, 281
Thaumatococcus danielli, 281
The Tropical Botanic Garden andResearch Institute (TBGRI), 280
Therapeutic,
drugs, 318
Efficiency, 354
Potentiality, 331
Potentials, 75
Skills, 180
Value, 8
weight loss, 306
Therapeutics aids, 179
Thingtam/Mautam, 62
Thukpa,, 86
Tonic, 112, 115, 123, 127, 146, 188, 190, 195, 216, 219–222, 228, 280, 305
Tooth paste/powders, 369
Toothache, 107, 109, 114, 123, 128–132, 136, 138, 145, 149, 228, 230, 257
Tooth,
brushes, 356
Pastes, 358
Total,
state population, 24
use value, 275
Totemism, 6
Traditional,
cattle, 178
Customs, 254
Drugs, 318
eco-technologies, 46
foods, 8, 57, 58, 59, 60, 63, 87
healers, 101, 102, 104, 178, 183, 256, 258, 260, 262, 279, 345
herbal drugs, 177
knowledge, 6–11, 20, 31, 36, 56–61, 75, 86, 88, 95–104, 107, 172, 182, 186, 245, 250, 251, 258, 259, 261, 271, 274, 280, 282, 284, 285
Digital Library (TKDL), 251
Languages, 250
Medicinal,
Safety, 250
Medicine, 108, 178, 184, 250, 258, 260, 279, 304, 318, 345
Practices, 19, 41, 60, 95, 100, 105, 178, 253, 260, 271
Shamans, 71
Vegetables, 244
Trial and error method, 97, 271
Tribal,
communities, 5, 9, 10, 15, 18, 19, 25, 27–29, 31, 63, 75, 87, 97, 208, 252, 255, 285
Nutrition, 61
Segment, 18
Tribals, 5, 6, 61, 62, 75, 85, 178, 211–213, 234, 253, 320, 337, 354
Tripura, 4, 15, 17, 18, 24, 27, 32, 39, 86, 100, 101, 105, 106, 168, 250, 252, 253, 260, 261
Trixis divaricata, 283
Trochus, 213
Tropical forests, 101
Turbo, giant clams, 213
Turmeric, 2, 11, 12, 69, 70, 71, 73, 190, 210, 293–296, 298, 299, 301–310, 330, 331
Leaves, 307
Paste, 307
Turtles eggs, 213
U
Up-thor, 73
Up-vai, 71
Urbanization, 31
Urea, 336
Use value (UV), 270, 275, 276, 284
Utilitarian ethnobotany, 11
V
Vaiphui, 27
Valuable heritage, 252
Vanaspati, 306
Vegetable dyes, 20
Vegetation, 2–5, 39–41, 44, 45, 272, 273, 282, 283
Vekurpitha, 83
Veterinary,
fees, 179
Plants, 12
Vinblastine, 280
Vitex negudo, 108
W
Warfarin, 309
Watershed programs, 45
Watery-milky juice, 245
Wedding rituals, 305
Weed,
Infestation, 40
West Khasi hills, 100
Wild,
food plants, 61
fruits, 238
Wildlife Institute of India (WII), 39
Wokha Hills, 26
Wooden,
Skewer, 66
Woodfordia fruticosa, 256
World Health Organization (WHO), 11, 95, 178, 184, 318–320
X
Xaj Pani, 83
Xochimilco-Chalco area, 42
Y
Yellow,
cakes, 307
Yogurts, 307
Z
Zanthoxylum nitidum, 171
Zingeberous plant, 83
Oko, 83
Zingiber,
Officinale, 78, 102, 150, 200, 233, 308, 344, 365
Squarossum, 238
Zingiberaceae, 4, 11, 100, 101, 255, 294, 295, 330, 336, 365