the Immortals, 220
impeachment, 204, 257, 524, 592, 644, 802, 808, 891, 932
imperialism. See specific countries and regions
imperial preference system, 144, 167, 302, 580
imperial presidency, 8, 346, 537, 588, 760, 812, 817, 828, 916
impressment of sailors, 116–19, 125, 130, 233
improvised explosive devices (IEDs), 955–56
independence movements. See specific countries
Index, 235
India: and the American Civil War, 236
and China, 681
and the Cold War, 679
and decolonization, 571–72
and military aid, 713
and the neutralist movement, 652
and the new international system, 961
and Nixon, 789–90
and nuclear arms controls, 755
and Pakistan, 680–81, 712–13, 788–90, 808
and the Paris Peace Conference, 426
and the Seven Years' War, 14
and the Soviet Union, 789
Indiana, 95
Indian Territory, 235
Indochina, 530, 531, 572, 573–74, 634, 641, 647, 660, 661, 806. See also Vietnam
Vietnam War
industrialization, 135, 177, 182, 285, 302
The Influence of Seapower upon History (Mahan), 303
The Inquiry, 419
Institute for Inter-American Affairs, 557
Insular Cases, 364
Insurgente (ship), 87
intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs), 774, 818
intermediate-range nuclear forces (INF), 720, 868–69, 896–97
International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (the World Bank), 580, 902
International Business Machines (IBM), 447, 462
International Harvester, 466
internationalism: and Acheson-Lilienthal Plan, 607
and Bush (G. W.), 938–39
and Clinton, 931
and collective security, 502
and Congressional power struggles, 814, 852
and economic nationalism, 412
and Eisenhower, 649
and Foreign Affairs, 441
and the Great Depression, 486
and Hoover, 478–79
and Jefferson, 66
and Kellogg, 443
and Madison, 66
and neutrality, 509
and nuclear arms reduction, 690
and the peace movement, 358, 504–6
and Powell, 938
and Reagan, 864
and Roosevelt (F. D.), 512, 518, 520, 521, 541, 543
and Roosevelt (T.), 348
and Truman, 589
and U.S. culture, 341
and Wilson, 382, 407, 427–28, 433, 482
and the Wise Men, 612
and the World Court, 451–52
and World War I, 406–7
and World War II, 439
International Ladies' Garment Workers Union, 620–21
international law. See specific agreements and institutions
International Monetary Fund, 580
International Telephone and Telegraph, 447, 463, 687, 787
International Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia, 934
investment capital, 447
Iran: and arms sales, 799, 847, 878
and the "axis of evil," 943
and the Baghdad Pact, 673
and Bush(G. W.), 946–47
and Carter, 847–50
hostage crisis, 847–51, 858–59, 860, 888
and human rights abuses, 846
Iran-Iraq War, 878, 879–80, 898, 899
and the Iraq War, 958–60
and the Nixon Doctrine, 798–99
and the Persian Gulf War, 911
and the Six-Day War, 759
Soviet influence in, 601
and the "three pillar" policy, 750–51
U.S. nation-building in, 564–67
Iran-Contra scandal, 865, 866, 891, 897, 915
"Irangate," 878–79
Iraq: and al Qaeda, 955
and the Arab-Israeli conflict, 960
and the "axis of evil," 943
and the Baghdad Pact, 673
and the Eisenhower Doctrine, 678
and international terrorism, 941, 959
and the Iran-Iraq War, 878, 879–80, 898, 899
and the Iraq War, 4, 945–51, 951–61, 961–64
and multinational corporations, 448
Osiraq nuclear installation, 872
and Persian Gulf War, 901, 908–12, 911, 917, 922–23
Iraq Syndrome, 958
Iraq War, 4, 945–51, 951–61, 961–64
Ireland, 192, 215, 404, 424, 425
ironclad warfare, 245
Iron Curtain speech, 605
Irreconcilables, 429, 430, 433, 452
Ishii, Kikujiro, 385
Islam: and Afghanistan, 853
and the Balkans conflict, 924, 929–30, 932
and Christian missionaries, 159, 273–74, 561
and clash of civilizations, 653
conflict with Hindus, 571
and the Eisenhower Doctrine, 678
and globalization, 919–20
and the intifada, 936
and Iranian Revolution, 847–49
and the Iraq War, 954–55, 958–59
and Lebanon conflict, 873
and Qaddafi, 876
and the Roosevelt-Saud meeting, 569
and the Taliban, 884
and terrorism, 940
and the Tripolitan War, 39, 98, 101
and the U.S. military, 565
Ismay, Hastings Lionel, 626
isolationism: and Bush (G. W.), 939–40
and communication advances, 336
and economic crises, 486
and the Gilded Age, 271–72
and globalization, 921
and Jefferson, 96
myths and misconceptions, 1, 482
and NATO, 626
unilateralism contrasted with, 6
and Washington, 83
and World War I, 406–7
and World War II, 502–6, 518, 525, 526, 536, 538, 594
Israel, 874
Arab-Israeli negotiations, 922–23
and Carter, 840–41
and Egypt, 840–42
and the Jordanian crisis, 800–801
and Libya, 876
and nuclear weapons, 746, 749–50, 755
and the October War, 804–6
and the Oslo Accords, 935
and the Persian Gulf War, 909
and Reagan, 878–80
and the Six Day War, 746–51, 750
and the Soviet Union, 658
and the Suez Crisis, 674–76
and terrorism, 940
U.S. arms sales to, 871–72
and the Yom Kippur War, 804–6
Italian immigrants, 283
Italo-Ethiopian War, 505–7
Italy: and air power, 515
and the American Civil War, 243
and the Cold War, 615
colonialism, 268
and the Five-Power Treaty, 454
and French imperialism, 225
impact of World War II, 596
and Italian immigrants, 283–84
ItaloEthiopian conflict, 503
and the Locarno conference, 460
and the London Agreements, 669
and the Marshall Plan, 618, 621
and the Munich crisis, 513–14
and nation-building, 224
and NATO, 626
and the Paris Peace Conference, 422
and post-war settlements, 582, 601
power of, 267
and Roosevelt (F. D.), 509
and the Spanish Civil War, 508
and U.S. expansionism, 297, 305
and U.S. philanthropy, 343
and war debts, 462
and World War I, 424, 425, 437
and World War II, 531, 552, 553, 554, 559
Iwo Jima, 694
J. P. Morgan & Co., 276
Jackson, Andrew: and Britain, 167–68
and the Democratic Party, 181
and diplomatic representatives, 164–65
and elections, 164–75
and foreign policy style, 165–66, 179
and gun-boat diplomacy, 170–71
and Native Americans, 131–33, 146–48, 172–73
and the Panama Congress, 162–63
and partisanship, 140
and U.S. expansionism, 149, 171–75
and the War of 1812, 133
and the West Indies, 167–68
Jackson, Andrew (freed slave), 240
Jackson, Francis James, 122–23
Jackson, Henry "Scoop," 691, 803–4, 817–20, 827–29, 831, 849–50, 868
Jackson-Vanik amendment, 803–4, 805, 840, 904, 908
Jacobins, 72
Jagan, Cheddi, 718
James, William, 323
Japan: and the Amau Doctrine, 503
and the Anglo-Japanese Alliance, 453
and arms reduction, 452, 453, 454–55, 456, 480
and Britain, 213–14
and Carter, 834
and China, 268, 302, 317, 331, 334, 384–85, 510–12, 530–31, 534–36, 576–77, 630
and Clinton, 936
and the Council of Foreign Ministers, 602
diplomatic service in, 279–80
and dollar diplomacy, 375–76
economic power of, 884–85
growth of, 303
and Hitler, 513
and human rights, 353
and immigration legislation, 467–68
impact of World War II, 596
and imperialism, 338
and Indochinese colonies, 572–73, 573–74
and interwar years, 439
and Manchuria, 449, 464, 486–91, 487
and the Marco Polo Bridge incident, 510–11
and the Meiji Restoration, 224, 268
and missionaries, 274
modernization of, 273
as nation-state, 224
naval power, 362
and Nixon, 761, 778–79, 783–85
opening of, 212–14
and the Paris Peace Conference, 421
Pearl Harbor attack, 6
and the Philippines, 355
postwar occupation of, 633–34, 637
power of, 268
and racism, 355–57
reconstruction, 634
and regional hegemony, 437
revolutions, 383
and Roosevelt (F. D.), 496, 509
Russo-Japanese War, 359–62, 486
Sino-Japanese war, 510–12
sovereignty restored, 646–47
and trade, 209–10
and Truman, 650
and U.S. exports, 446
and U.S. investment capital, 447
Western influences, 177
and World War I, 384–85
and World War II, 529–32, 534–35, 540, 548, 554–55, 579, 579, 586, 591–93, 596
Jaruzelski, Wojciech, 905, 906
Java, 539
Jay, John: and the Barbary states, 39
and diplomatic negotiations, 29–33
and expansionism, 41, 46–48, 49
as foreign affairs secretary, 35–36
and Native Americans, 45
and trade conflicts, 75–76, 77, 78–81
Jay Treaty, 7, 78–81, 85, 89, 115, 358, 427
jazz music, 668
Jefferson, Thomas: and Anglophobia, 118
and the Barbary states, 39–40
and the Constitutional Convention, 51
death of, 158–59
and enlightened diplomacy, 3
and European wars, 68
and expansionism, 49–50, 101–14, 138, 182
foreign policy legacy, 64–67, 92, 93–94, 272, 963
foreign policy style, 95
and France, 82, 84, 86, 89, 90, 391
and Genet, 71–73
and the Lewis and Clark expedition, 112
and maritime conflicts, 115, 116, 117–19, 121
and the Model Treaty, 17
and nationalism, 50–51
and Native Americans, 124
and political parties, 64
and republicanism, 65–66, 96–97
and slave revolts, 63
and the State Department, 58
trade and commerce issues, 38–39, 67, 79, 137, 142
and the Tripolitan War, 98–101
and U.S. exceptionalism, 4–5
and U.S. imperialism, 2
and the War of 1812, 127
Jeffersonians, 72
Jerusalem, 935–36, 960 "Jewish Question," 285
Jews and Judaism: and anti-Semitism, 351–52, 516, 567, 568, 799
and the Holocaust, 567–68, 598, 629
Jewish-Americans, 568
and Russia/Soviet Union, 284–85, 351–53, 803–4, 818, 897–98
and World War I, 399
Jiménez, Marcus Pérez, 684
jingoism, 279, 283, 293, 302, 313
JMWAVE, 707
John Paul II, 881
Johns Hopkins University, 441
Johnson, Andrew, 251, 252, 254, 256, 258
Johnson, Louis, 638
Johnson, Lyndon Baines: and ABM systems, 774
background, 729–30
and the Berlin Wall, 710
and the Bricker Amendment, 657
De Gaulle on, 729
and Ford, 813
and Latin America, 732–36, 759
and the Middle East, 746–51, 758, 759
and Nixon, 757
and race issues, 762
and the Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia, 756
and Vietnam, 702, 731–32, 735–36, 736–45, 746–47, 749, 751–52, 754, 755–56, 757–59
John XXIII, 885
Joint Chiefs of Staff (JCS): creation and role of, 544
and the Cuban Missile Crisis, 721
and Kennedy, 704
and the Korean War, 641, 642, 644
and Laos, 708
and the National Security Act (1947), 614
and the Powell Doctrine, 875, 922
and the Soviet Union, 609
Jones, Jesse, 543
Jones, Thomas ap Catesby, 141, 197
Jones Act, 367
and Bin Laden, 940
and the Iraq War, 958
and the Lebanon crisis, 678–79
and Libya, 876
and Nixon, 807
and the PLO, 800–801
and Reagan, 871
and the Yemen civil war, 713–14
Jordan, Michael, 918–19
Josef, Franz, 251
Juan de Fuca Strait, 192
Juarez, Benito, 252
just-war, 934
Kagan, Robert, 944
Kahn, Ayub, 681
Kalakaua, 262
Kansas, 215
Kansas-Nebraska Act, 239
Kaplan, Lawrence, 57
Karnow, Stanley, 366
Katsura Taro, 362
Kearney, Stephen, 200
Keegan, John, 934
Kellogg, Frank B., 442–43, 444, 451, 469–70, 473, 476, 477–78
Kellogg-Briand Pact, 443, 477–78, 481, 489–90
Kemmerer, Edwin, 443, 463, 471
Kennan, George F., 583, 602, 604–5, 610, 612, 622, 625, 627, 709
Kennedy, Edward, 775, 820, 831, 851
Kennedy, Jacqueline, 727–28
Kennedy, John F.: and the Alliance for Progress, 689, 716–19, 732–33, 735, 786–87
background, 702–3
and China, 726
and Clinton, 928
and detente, 808
idealism, 703
and internationalism, 702
Kennedy Doctrine, 718
and Khrushchev, 708–10
and Latin America, 705–8, 716–19, 719–25
and Nixon, 763
and the Third World, 711–19
and Vietnam, 703, 708, 712, 726–29, 736
Kennedy, Robert, 703, 722, 730, 751
Kenner, Duncan, 249
Kent, Sherman, 543
Kent State University, 769
Kentucky, 24, 61, 95, 126, 128, 239
Kerry, John, 949
Key, Francis Scott, 130
Keynes, John Maynard, 420
Khan, Yahya, 789
Khomeini, Ruhollah, 848, 850, 859, 878
Khrushchev, Nikita: and the Bay of Pigs invasion, 707
Cold War philosophy, 667
and the Cuban Missile crisis, 719–25
and Eisenhower, 697–99
and the Geneva Summit, 670
and Hungary, 666
and nuclear weapons, 696–97
and Poland, 665–66
retirement, 730
and Southeast Asia, 681
and the Taiwan Straits crisis, 693
and the United Nations, 699
visit to the U.S., 697–98, 839
and West Berlin, 695–96
Kimball, Warren, 546, 553, 570, 574, 584
Kim Il-Sung, 639, 640, 645, 650
Kindelberger, Charles, 485
King, Martin Luther, Jr., 682, 751, 833
King, Rufus, 53
Kipling, Rudyard, 323
Kirk, Alexander, 563
Kishi Nokosuke, 695
Kissinger, Henry A.: and Angola, 824–25
background, 762
and Bush (G. W.), 939
and Cambodia, 823–24
and Carter, 846
and congressional powers, 814–15, 818
and the Cyprus conflict, 816–17
foreign policy legacy, 808–9, 963
and the Grand Design, 770–79
and the Helsinki summit, 827
and the Iranian Revolution, 849
and Japan, 784
and the Middle East, 798–801, 805–6
and Nixon, 763–64
and the October War, 805–6
and Ostpolitik, 781
and Reagan, 828–29
realism of, 5–6
and the Third World, 786
and U.S. policy revision, 759, 760
and Vietnam, 755, 765–70, 796–97, 821, 823
and Watergate, 803
Klopsch, Louis, 343
Knights of Columbus, 475–76
Knowland, William, 646–47
Knox, Frank, 520
Knox, Henry, 44, 60, 61, 72, 269
Knox, Philander, 372–73, 375–76, 429
Koh Tang, 823–24
Kolchak, Alexander, 423
Korea, 257, 286–87, 361, 362, 377, 426, 597. See also North Korea
South Korea
Korean War: casualties, 893, 915
and the Cold War, 639–49, 658–59, 660, 665, 855–56
economic impact, 634
impact on Truman, 649–50
impact on U.S. status, 810
and Laos, 708
and the Marshall Plan, 620
and nuclear threats, 766
and public opinion, 956
settlement of, 661–62
stalemate in, 9
and U.S. East Asia policy, 630
Korry, Edward, 787–88
Kosovo Liberation Army (KLA), 932, 934
Kossuth, Louis, 216–17
Kowloon, 330
Krauthammer, Charles, 881, 921
Kristallnacht, 516
Kristol, William, 945
Kuomintang Party, 468–69, 510–11
Kuwait, 562, 908–9, 910–12, 911, 952
Kyoto Protocol, 939
Lafayette, Marie Joseph Paul Yves Roch Gilbert Du Motier, marquis de, 158, 160
LaFeber, Walter, 645
Lake, Anthony, 925, 926, 927, 929
Lake Erie, 128
Lamont, Thomas, 441, 443, 458, 468, 475, 481
Lamour, Dorothy, 558
Lane, Arthur Bliss, 596
Langer, William, 585
Lansing, Robert, 385, 404, 408–9, 419, 423, 430, 440, 464, 656
Lansky, Meyer, 686
Laos, 705, 708, 737, 740, 753, 770, 814
La Petite Democrate (ship), 71, 73
Latin America: and anti-Communism, 683–84
and Carter, 833–34, 837, 846–47
and the CIA, 684–86, 689, 705–7, 717–18, 720, 733, 786–87, 889–90
and the Cold War, 626–35, 683–89, 732, 808, 917
and the Columbian Exposition (1893), 300
diplomatic missions to, 140
economic crises, 684–85
fascism in, 556
and Germany, 515
and the Good Neighbor Policy, 497, 499, 556, 559–60
and Hoover, 497
and maritime conflicts, 119–20
and the Monroe Doctrine, 153–58, 161
and Reagan, 915
and the Republican era, 470–77
and republicanism, 160–61
revolutions, 144, 153, 158, 160, 383
and Roosevelt (F. D.), 498
and Roosevelt (T.), 377
and the Soviet Union, 473, 627, 686–88, 689, 699, 707–8, 717–18, 719–25
and Taft, 377
and trade with the U.S., 142, 143, 288, 447, 500–501
U.S. intervention in, 161–64
and U.S. expansionism, 145–46, 148, 293–94
and war claims disputes, 141
and Wilson, 382
and World War I, 413
and World War II, 527–29, 555, 556–59. See also specific countries
Latvia, 519
Laval, Pierre, 507
League of Nations: and domestic politics, 450–51
and European imperialism, 437
and German rearmament, 494
and the Italo-Ethiopian War, 507
and the Manchurian Crisis, 488–90, 491
negotiations for, 5, 405, 416, 420, 421, 423, 427–35
origins, 383
and Palestine, 628
and Roosevelt (F. D.), 494, 504–5, 581
and the Sino-Japanese War, 512
League of Women Voters, 452
League to Enforce Peace, 406
Leahy, William, 544, 586, 602, 610
Lebanon, 678–79, 871, 872–73, 874, 875, 877, 878, 959
LeClerc, Victor, 105
Lederer, William, 711
Le Duc Tho, 797
Lee, Robert E., 241
Leeward Islands, 387
Leffler, Melvyn, 603
Legion of Merit, 683–84
Le Monde, 942
lend-lease program: administration of, 542
and China, 534
and India, 571
and Latin America, 558
and the Middle East, 562–65
and Roosevelt (F. D.), 524–26, 549–50
and the Soviet Union, 552–53, 589–90
and trade negotiations, 580
Lenin, Vladimir, 412, 414, 464, 465, 466
Leopold II, 287
Lesseps, Ferdinand de, 291
Lewinsky, Monica, 932
Lewis and Clark expedition, 104–5, 112–14, 113
Libby, Lewis "Scooter," 922, 939, 945
Liberal Democratic Party (LDP), 694
liberation theology, 885
Liberia, 239, 275, 375, 448, 560–61
Life, 776
Lilienthal, David, 607
Lin Biao, 776
Lincoln, Abraham: and blockades, 243
and Clay, 237
and colonization programs, 238, 241
and emphasis on the Union, 224
Gettysburg Address, 250
and the Kansas-Nebraska Act, 239
and the Mexican-American War, 203
and the Polish rebellion, 245
and Russia, 246
and slavery, 223, 229–30, 239, 260
and the Trent affair, 233
Lind, John, 392
Lindbergh, Charles, 438–39, 477, 521, 565
Lippmann, Walter, 6, 463, 555–56, 581, 615
Little Rock, Arkansas, 682
Litvinov, Maxim, 496–97
Livingston, Robert R., 26, 33, 35
Livingstone, David, 287
Lodge, Henry Cabot, 302, 318, 324, 350, 393, 427, 429–30, 432–34, 453
Lodge, Henry Cabot, Jr., 616, 656
Logan, George, 88
Logevall, Fredrick, 7
London, Jack, 338
London Agreements, 669
London Conference, 479–80
Long, Stephen, 151
Lon Nol, 768
Lothian, Philip Henry Kerr, Marquis of, 524
Louisiana, 9, 70, 73, 89–90, 91, 101–9
Louisiana Purchase, 107, 108, 137, 353
Louis XVI, 19
Lowell, James Russell, 279
Loyalists, 45
Luce, Henry, 511, 574–75, 581, 594, 632
Lumumba, Patrice, 711, 715, 812
Lusitania incident, 402, 403, 406, 505
MacArthur, Douglas, 548, 550–51, 577, 633–34, 641–44, 650, 768
MacDonald, Ramsay, 486
Macdonough, Thomas, 130
Maceo, Antonio, 310
Machado, Gerardo "Butcher," 450, 498
Macmillan, Harold, 718
Macon's Bill No. 2, 122
Madero, Francisco, 391
Madison, Dolley, 123
Madison, James: criticisms of, 123
and expansionism, 48
foreign policy legacy, 94
and Genet, 72
on independence movements, 135–36
and maritime conflicts, 119, 121, 122
and nationalism, 50
and Native Americans, 124–25
realism, 5
and republicanism, 65–66
and trade issues, 52, 67, 75, 79, 142
and the War of 1812, 126, 127, 129–30
and war powers, 53
MAGIC intercepts, 535
Maginot Line, 519
Mahan, Alfred Thayer, 280, 303, 349, 359
Maine, 129, 137, 185–86, 187, 188
Malaya, 539
Malenkov, Georgi, 658
Manchukuo, 491
Manchuria, 487
and disarmament talks, 453, 455
and economic diplomacy, 375–76, 449, 468
and the end of World War II, 592–93
and great power conflict, 486–92
Japanese domination of, 503
and the Russo-Japanese War, 360–62
Soviet withdrawal from, 630–31
and U.S.-Soviet relations, 464, 601, 640
and World War I, 384
Mandela, Nelson, 716
Manifest Destiny: and Britain, 184–94
and Civil War, 251
and economic power, 286
and Hawaii, 317
and Jefferson, 2
and the Louisiana Purchase, 107–9
and the pre-Civil War era, 180–84
and secessionism, 215
as sectional issue, 222–23
and Seward, 255
and Texas, 175
and the War of 1812, 126
and the Webster-Ashburton Treaty, 186
Mann Doctrine, 733
Mao Zedong: and Chinese Civil War, 574, 577–78, 630, 631
and Communist rebellions, 751
and the Korean War, 640, 642, 644–45, 660
and nuclear weapons, 731
on the Paris Peace Conference, 426
relations with the U.S., 776, 792
and the Soviet Union, 761
and Taiwan Straits crises, 663, 693
on Watergate, 807
Marco Polo Bridge incident, 510
Marcos, Ferdinand, 745
Marcuse, Herbert, 543
Mariana Islands, 319
Marshall, George C., 542, 552–53, 598, 612, 614, 629–32, 649
Marshall, John, 59, 85, 86, 269
Marshall Plan, 617–21, 622, 632, 634, 719
Martinez, Maximiliano, 560
Martinique, 343
Marx, Karl, 179
Marxism-Leninism, 866
Maryland, 239
Masaryk, Jan, 619
Masaryk, Thomas, 418
masonic lodges. See Freemasons
Massachusetts, 50
Massachusetts Bay Colony, 16
Mastny, Vojtech, 757
Matamoros, Mexico, 199
Mathews, George, 111
Matsu island, 663–64, 693, 699
Maverick, Maury, 503
McCarthy, Joseph R., 637, 649, 657
McCarthyism, 915
McClellan, George, 241
McCormack, John, 525
McCormick, Joseph Medill, 430
McCoy, Frank, 474
McGillivray, Alexander, 43, 60–61
McGovern, George, 711–12, 796, 797, 860
McHenry, James, 89
McKinley, William: and Blaine, 279
and China, 331–34
and the Clayton-Bulwer Treaty, 326
and Cuba, 324–25
and elections, 324
and executive powers, 442
and Roosevelt (T.), 345
and the Spanish-American War, 311–14, 316, 317–22
and the Treaty of Paris, 431
and U.S. expansionism, 308–9, 336
McKinley tariff of 1890, 296
McNamara, Robert, 703, 714, 719, 720, 730, 735, 741, 770, 832
Mead, Walter Russell, 729
Meade, Richard, 263
Mediterranean, 553–54
Meir, Golda, 800
Melason, Richard, 863
Mellon, Andrew, 430
Mendes-France, Pierre, 668–69
mercantilism, 3, 12, 16, 21, 74, 77, 137, 139, 288
Merry, Anthony, 96
Metternich, Klemens Wenzel von, 156
Mexico, 885
and the American Civil War, 234–35, 238, 244, 247, 252
American economic influence, 276, 290
boundaries, 193
and British interventionism, 161–62
and Coolidge, 474–77
cultural influence, 498
economic bailout, 937
and European interventionism, 252–53
and France, 225, 229, 243, 244, 251–52, 252–53
and the Good Neighbor Policy, 556
and Guatemala, 292
and immigration, 356
and independence movements, 135
and Native Americans, 44
and oil resources, 448, 449, 475, 527–28
and the Peace Progressives, 445
revolutionary movements, 339, 377, 378, 383, 390–98, 471, 474–76, 482
and slavery, 183
and trade agreements, 143, 288–89
and U.S. expansionism, 4, 134, 158, 171, 173–75, 181, 184–85, 189, 191–92, 251, 255, 256, 264
and U.S. interventionism, 160, 162, 164
and U.S. regional influence, 387
and the U.S.-Mexican War, 176–77, 194–207, 202, 206, 212–13
and war debts, 221
and World War II, 558–59
Middle East, 874
and Bush (G. H. W.), 922–23
and Bush (G. W.), 939, 942–43, 945–51, 951–60, 960–61, 963
and Carter, 835, 840–42, 847–51, 871, 909
and Clinton, 935
and the Cold War, 671–79
and colonialism, 268, 569, 674, 676, 679, 876
and cultural globalization, 919
and ethnic conflict, 920
and immigration, 758
and Kissinger, 805–6
and missionaries, 159, 274, 561
and neo-cons, 945
and the new world order, 961
and oil resources, 448
and the Palestinian issue, 628–29
and the Paris Peace Conference, 418, 421
and the Persian Gulf War, 901, 908–12, 911, 917, 922–23
and postwar settlements, 561–70
and the Six-Day War, 746–51
and the Soviet Union, 628–29, 671–74, 675–79, 713–14, 746–49, 798, 800, 803–7, 847, 871, 873, 878, 880, 912, 923
and the Suez Crisis, 674–77
and trade agreements, 168
and World War II, 539, 555, 595
and the Yom Kippur War, 804–6
Miles, Nelson A., 319
military-industrial complex, 700, 817
Mill, John Stuart, 246
Millspaugh, Arthur, 566
Milosevic, Slobodan, 924, 930, 933, 934
Ming-Mang, King of Vietnam, 169
Miranda, Francisco de, 135
missile defense system, 869–71, 939, 941
missions and missionaries: and Asia, 209, 210, 211, 330, 332, 354–55
and China, 305
and Japan, 532
and Latin America, 162
and Liberia, 561
and the Middle East, 159, 274, 561
and Oregon territory, 189
role and impact of, 273–75
and the Sino-Japanese war, 511
and the Spanish-American War, 318–19
and U.S. expansionism, 159–60
and World War I, 440–41
Mississippi River: diplomatic negotiations on, 32, 47–48, 70
and the Louisiana Purchase, 107
and the Revolutionary War, 27, 28, 30, 32
and Spain, 38
and the Transcontinental Treaty, 164
and U.S. expansionism, 46–49, 57, 67, 91, 136, 139
Missouri Compromise, 137, 148–49, 223
Mitterand, François, 930
Mobile Act, 109
Mobutu, Joseph, 844–45
Mogadishu, Somalia, 927
Mohammed Reza Pahlavi, Shah of Iran, 565, 607, 673, 847
Molotov, Vyacheslav Mikhaylovich, 547, 552, 589, 601–2, 622, 658
Molotov Plan, 622
Mondale, Walter, 843
monetary policy, 485, 495, 782–83
Mongolia, 468
monopolies, 411–12
Monroe, James: and the cabinet system, 140
and Clay, 160
and commercial expansion, 141–42
foreign policy legacy, 272
and the Greek crisis, 153, 155–56
on independence movements, 135–36
and Jackson, 165
and the Jay-Gardoqui talks, 47–48
and Latin America, 153–58, 161
and Louisiana, 105
and Native Americans, 172
and the Northwest Ordinance, 41
and Russia, 152
and trade negotiations, 141–42, 166, 288
and U.S. expansionism, 138, 139–40, 145, 147, 148. See also Monroe Doctrine
Monroe Doctrine: and Argentina, 171
and Brazil, 306
and Cleveland, 306–8
development of, 151–58
and Hughes, 472
and the League of Nations, 432
and Napoleon III, 229
and no-transfer principle, 259
Roosevelt Corollary, 369, 370–71, 377, 497
and the Russo-Japanese War, 363
Montevideo Conference, 499–500
Montreux Convention, 609
Moore, John Bassett, 451
Moorer, Thomas, 748
Morales, Carlos, 371
Morgan, J. P., 342
Morgan, John Hunt, 253–54
Morgan, John Tyler, 267, 277, 350, 481
Morgan, Pierpont, 340
Morgenthau, Henry, Jr., 493, 531, 542
Morgenthau Plan, 584
Morocco, 39, 40, 98, 362–63, 424, 425
Morrow, Dwight, 476–77, 479–80, 963
Morse, Wayne, 677
most-favored nation status, 76–77, 142, 211, 212, 286, 470, 742, 840, 904, 927
Moynihan, Daniel Patrick, 920
Mozambique, 882
Mugabe, Robert, 843–44
Multilateral Force (MLF), 724–25
multilateralism, 261, 295, 962, 963
multinational corporations, 447, 449, 920
multiple independently targeted reentry vehicles (MIRVs), 772, 774, 795, 818, 819
Munich Conference, 536–37, 547
Munich crisis, 513–15
Munsey's Magazine, 342
Murder in the Air (film), 869
Murrow, Edward R., 523
Muscat, 169
Music USA, 668
Muslims. See Islam
Mutsu (ship), 454–55
Mutual Defense Assistance Act, 647
Mutual Defense Treaty with Taiwan, 663
MX mobile land-based missiles, 868