Contents

List of figures

List of tables

Preface

Why mapping?

How is the book organized?

Who are the authors?

Who is this book for?

How can the book be used?

Acknowledgements

 Chapter  1  Introduction

 1.1  Why do we use different languages?

 1.2  Ten ways we’re led astray in language and applied linguistics

 1.3  Applied linguistics

 1.4  Bottom-up applied linguistics

Activities

Further reading

PART  A  LANGUAGE IN EVERYDAY USE

 Chapter  2  Language variation

 2.1  Language variation and social judgement

 2.2  Kinds of variation

 2.3  Standardization and ‘non-standard’ varieties

 2.4  Non-native varieties and World Englishes

 2.5  Linguistic insecurity and language loss

 2.6  Context and language practices

 2.7  Casting ahead

Activities

Further reading

 Chapter  3  Key populations

 3.1  Issues in the naming of populations

 3.2  Issues in the categorizing of populations

 3.3  Populations characterized by the language(s) used

 3.4  Populations characterized by issues of access to language

 3.5  Populations characterized by the social role of language

 3.6  Populations characterized by their professional or academic interest in language

 3.7  Roles for applied linguists

Activities

Further reading

 Chapter  4  Discourse analysis

 4.1  The pervasive relevance of discourse (analysis)

 4.2  Linguistic approaches to discourse analysis

 4.3  Social approaches to discourse analysis

 4.4  Themes in contemporary discourse analysis

 4.5  How can doing discourse analysis help the clients of applied linguists?

Activities

Further reading

 Chapter  5  Language policy and planning

 5.1  Language decisions

 5.2  Corpus, status and acquisition planning

 5.3  Keeping languages alive

 5.4  Planning for access to services

 5.5  Language policy and planning in globalizing times

 5.6  Roles for applied linguists

Activities

Further reading

PART  B  LANGUAGE, LEARNING AND EDUCATION

 Chapter  6  Literacy

 6.1  The expanding scope of literacy

 6.2  Writing systems and culture

 6.3  Literacy and individuals

 6.4  Child and adult literacies

 6.5  Academic achievement and the measurement of literacy

 6.6  Roles for applied linguists

Activities

Further reading

 Chapter  7  Language and education

 7.1  The language of home, community and school

 7.2  Language as a medium in school

 7.3  Language as an object in school

 7.4  Educating linguistic minorities and learners with special needs

 7.5  Language, testing and assessment

 7.6  Roles for applied linguists

Activities

Further reading

 Chapter  8  Bilingual and multilingual education

 8.1  Definitions and purposes

 8.2  Language-based frames

 8.3  Content-based frames

 8.4  Context-based frames

 8.5  Integrating the frameworks

 8.6  Characteristics of effective programmes

 8.7  Roles for applied linguists

Activities

Further reading

 Chapter  9  Additional language education

 9.1  Contexts of additional language education

 9.2  The problem of method

 9.3  Individual learner differences

 9.4  Assessing additional languages

 9.5  Economic, cultural and political aspects of additional language education

 9.6  Roles for applied linguists

Activities

Further reading

PART  C  LANGUAGE AND EXPERT USES

Chapter  10  Translation

10.1  Contexts of translation

10.2  Translatability and translation equivalence

10.3  The translation process

10.4  What do translators need to know?

10.5  Types of translation

10.6  Interpreting and audiovisual translation

10.7  Technology in translation

10.8  Roles for applied linguists

Activities

Further reading

Chapter  11  Lexicography

11.1  Words in the mind and in society

11.2  Authority or record?

11.3  Uses and types of dictionaries

11.4  Dictionary compilation

11.5  Dictionaries as tools for learning

11.6  Corpora, computers and the internet

11.7  Roles for applied linguists

Activities

Further reading

Chapter  12  Forensic linguistics

12.1  Language as legal medium and matter

12.2  The language of the law

12.3  Language and criminal investigation

12.4  Language as the subject matter of law

12.5  Discourse and different languages in the courtroom

12.6  Roles for applied linguists

Activities

Further reading

Chapter  13  Language pathology

13.1  Biological and social foundations of language

13.2  Types of language pathology

13.3  Assessment

13.4  Treatment

13.5  Roles for applied linguists

Activities

Further reading

Chapter  14  Prospects and perspectives

14.1  The impact of new technologies

14.2  The dissolution of borders

14.3  The exercise of the profession

14.4  Key predictions

14.5  Final thoughts

Activities

Glossary

Bibliography

General Index

Index of languages

Index of places